艺术语英文单词

艺术文学类分类词汇ARTSwork作品workofart艺术作品masterpiece杰作plasticarts造型艺术graphicarts形象艺术FineArts美术artgallery画廊,美术馆salon沙龙exhibition展览collection收藏author作者style风格inspiration灵感，启发muse灵感purism修辞癖conceptism格言派，警名派Byzantine拜占庭式Romanesaue罗马式Gothic哥特式Baroque巴洛克式Rococo洛可可式classicism古典主义，古典风格neoclassicism新古典主义romanticism浪漫主义realism现实主义symbolism象征主义impressionism印象主义ArtNouveau新艺术主义expressionism表现主义Fauvism野兽派abstractart抽象派，抽象主义Cubism立体派，立体主义Dadaism达达主义surrealism超现实主义naturalism自然主义existentialism存在主义futurism未来主义classicalliterature古典文学contemporaryliterature现代文学popularliterature大众文学lightliterature通俗文学folklore民间文学saga(river)novel长篇小说shortnovel,Iongshortstory中篇小说shortstory短篇小说lovestory爱情小说deterctivestory侦破小说mysterystory怪诞小说whodunit推理小说humorousstory幽默小说historicalnovel历史小说essay随笔bookoftravels游记reportage报告文学criticism评论bestseller畅销书anthology选集thecompleteworks（of）全集edition,printing版masterpiece杰作copyright版权，著作权deluxebinding精装flatstitching平装smythsewed线装humanities人文学科writer作家book书volume卷theatre戏剧（美作:theater）drama话居ijcomedy喜居Utragedy悲剧farce滑稽剧play剧本thethreeunities三一律（一个情节，一个地点，一个时间）playwright编剧act幕seene场plot情节intrigue错综复杂的剧情story故事episode逸事ending,denouement结局poetry诗歌poet诗人poem诗epicpoetry史诗epopee叙事诗ode颂歌sonnet十四行诗verse,stanza（诗）节line（诗）行rhyme韵脚，押韵metrics韵律学，格律学prose散文novel小说biography自传allegory寓言sciencefiction科幻,科学幻想小说satire讽朿诗essay杂文composition学术著作rhetoric修辞学oratory讲演术declamation朗诵技巧improvisation即席讲演criticism批判主义critic批评家wit才智，创作才能eloquenee文才lyricism抒情性artist大师，艺术家brushdrawing毛笔画Chinesepainting国画charcoalpencil炭笔pigment颜料painter画家cavepainting,rupestrianpainting石V同壁画oilpainting油画paintinginfresco壁画temperapainting胶画gouache树胶水彩画watercolour水彩画（美作:watercolor）pasteldrawing蜡笔画wash水墨画sanguine红铅笔画miniature细密画engraving版画painting,drawing画drawingfromnature写生画mechanicaldrawing机械画tracing临摹chiaroscuro单色画design描绘sketch草稿study习作triptych,triptich三联画portrait画像self-portrait自画像model模特caricature漫画nude裸体画profile轮廓foreshortenedfigure透视画法Iandscape风景画seascape海景画stilllife静物画tapestry壁毯perspective透视画colouring色彩（美作:coloring）shade阴影cubism立体主义,主体派abstract抽象派figurative造型的brush画笔stroke一笔finishingtouch最后一笔easel画架,调色板palette画板paletteknife调色刀spatula绘画抹刀，刮铲picture,painting图画frame画框chassis画布绷架canvas画布studio画室pinacotheca画廊,美术馆sculptor雕塑学carving雕刻religiousimagery圣像雕塑statue人像figure塑像study粗样bronze铜像terra-cotta粘土wroughtiron锻铁bust半身像，胸像caryatid女像柱retable,altarpiece组塑，祭坛装饰stele石碑highrelief高浮雕lowrelief,bas-relief浅浮雕mould模子（美作:inold）cast模制品casting模制，铸造repoussage,repoussework凸纹饰物workshop工作间architect建设师plan设计图townplanning城市规划（美作:cityplanning）Doric多利安式Ionic爱奥尼亚式Corinthian科林斯式Composite混合式Tuscanorder托斯卡纳式Gothic哥特式flamboyantGothic哥特式的火焰状饰Romanesque罗马式barroque巴洛克式plateresque带复杂花叶形装饰的rococo洛可可式building建筑物arch拱vault穹顶ogive葱形饰;尖形拱顶facade狈0面frontispiece三角墙，山墙column柱pilaster壁柱,半露柱pediment山墙饰，山花fronton山墙艺术英语词汇abstractart:抽象派艺术•Anonrepresentationalstylethatemphasizesformalvaluesovertherepresentationofsubjectmatter.强调形式至上，忽视内容的一种非写实主义绘画风格。★Kandinskyproducedabstractartcharacterizedbyimagerythathadamusicicalquality.康定斯基创作的抽象派作品有一种音乐美。abstractexpressionism抽象表现派，抽象表现主义•Anonrepresentationalstylethatemphasizesemotion,strongcolor,andgivingprimacytotheartofpainting.把绘画本身作为目的，以表达情感和浓抹重涂为特点的非写实主义风格。★Abstractexpressionismwasatitspeakinthe1940sand1950s.20世纪四五十年代是抽象表现主义艺术发展的顶峰时期。actionpainting:动作画派•Atermusedtodescribeaggressivemethodsofapplyingpaint.指使画布产生强烈动作效果的绘画风格。★Actionpaintingoftenlookschildishtothenon-artistbecauseofthetechniquesusedtobeapplypaint,suchasthrowingitonthecanvas.在外行看来，动作画派的作品通常是幼稚的，这主要是因为画家采用的作画方法，比如将颜料泼洒在画布上。acrylic:丙烯酸树脂漆•Afast-dryingsysntheticpigment._种易干的合成颜料。Manyartistsliketouseacrylicpaintfortechnicalillustrationsbecauseofitsfast-dryingnature.因为丙烯酸树脂漆的易干性，很多艺术家喜欢用它制作工艺图案。Avant-garde先锋派Innovativeartinadvanceofpopularideasandimages,characterizedbyunorthodoxandexperimentalmethods.不拘于现有的创作定式，勇于创作超前思维的艺术形式。★Theavant-gardehomeofthefamousactresssoldformillions.那个名演员的先锋派住宅卖出了几百万美元的好价钱。Baroque:巴洛克风格•Anemotional,dramaticstyleofthe16th-18thcentury,anticlassicalinformandspirit.流行于16至18世纪，以情感强烈，铺张浮华为特点的反古典主义的艺术风格。★StatuesandarchitecturefromtheBaroquehaneadark,muscular,loomingqualityaboutthem.巴洛克风格的雕塑和建筑雄伟、高大、格调阴暗。Bauhaus:包豪斯建筑风格•Adesignschoolthatpromotedfunctionalandgeometicelementsindesign.指包豪斯造型学院倡导的强调实用和几何学要素的建筑风格。★TheBauhausschoolofdesigninGermanychangedthewaythattheworldthoughtaboutdesign.德国包豪斯造型学院倡导的艺术改变了世人的既定设计思维模式。Byzantine:拜占庭艺术风格的•Atermusedtodescribeastyleofartwithstrongreligiouscontent.艺术风格突出强烈宗教色彩的。★TheByzantineeraextendedfromthe13thcenturyandwentintothe16thcenturyandwascharacterizedbyartwithreligiousinfluence.拜占庭艺术始于均世纪，一直延续到16世纪，其主要特点是浓郁的宗教气息。calligraphy:书法艺术Handwrititingorpenmanship,esp.elegantor"beautifid"writingasadecorativeart.书写的艺术，特别是优雅漂亮可做装饰的笔迹。Calligraphyhaspracticallybecomealostartintoday'scomputersociety.在今天的电脑时代，书法艺术差不多要消亡了。collage:拼贴艺术•Acompositionoffondobjects,newspaper,andclothoverothermaterialonasinglesurface.把拣来的报纸、碎布等在画面上粘贴成画。★WeusedtomadecomputercollageswhenIwasincollegebyfirstpastingvariousitemstogetherandthenusingavideocameratotransmittheimageontoacomputerscreen.我们在大学时代曾经用电脑做拼贴画。其步骤是，首先，将各种材料粘在一起，然后用摄象机将图象传送到电脑上。Dada:达达主义•Astyle(1915-1925)withantirationalapproachandnihilistic,absurdist,andincongrousthems.流行于1915-1925间的艺术流派。其特点是反理性的创作手段和虚无、荒诞、矛盾的主题。★Dadasimasked"whatisart?"andusedhumorandshockvalueascommunicativeelements.达达主义设问"什么是艺术？"并用幽默和让人震惊的色彩和手法作答。drawing:素描•Apicture,design,orsketchdonewithlinesinpenorpencil.用钢笔或铅笔勾勒出的图画、图案或写生画。★ThedrawingofMichelangelowererecentlyexhibitedinNewYork.米开朗基罗的素描最近在纽约展出。hyperrealism:高度写实主义•Anextensionofphotorealisminwhichdepictionofasubjectisindistinguiahablefromreality.20世纪末兴起的一种绘画流派。照相现实主义的延伸。强调对现实的临摹。 ★Theinterestingaspectofhyperrealismisthatitchallengstheviewertotrytodecidewhatisrealandwhatisn't.高度写实主义绘画很有意思的一点是，观者很难判断哪些是真实的，哪些是虚构的。impressionism^卩象主义,印象派•Astyleemphasizingthedepictionoflightanditseffects,withtheactofseeingasitsprimarysubject.(France19thcentury)强调绘画中的光感，以视觉影象作为描绘对象。★Impressionismhaslongbeenoneofthemostpopularartmovements.VanGogh'simpressionisticpaingtingentitled"Dr.Gachet"waspurchasedforaworldrecord$85milionbyJapaneseinvestor.长期以来，印象主义一直是最具有影响力的艺术运动之一。凡高的印象派作品《盖什医生》被一名日本投资商以8500万美元的天价购得。Ming:具有明代艺术特色的•Characteristicofahighlyacademicclassisism,esp.inporcelains.(China,14th-17thcenturies)高度传统古典主义倾向的。特别是指与14至17世纪中国明代瓷器有关的艺术。★Dr.FranksisanexpertonporcelainsformMingdynasty.弗兰克博士是明代瓷器鉴赏专家。mosaic:马赛克；镶嵌工艺，镶嵌画•Anillustrationcomposedofsmall,coloredstonesortilessetintocement.用五颜六色的小石子或瓦片在水泥板上镶嵌成的图案。★Thenewmallintownfeaturesagaintmosaicoverthemainentranceway.在城里新建的林荫道的主要入口处有一个巨大的镶嵌画。newwave:新V良潮•Acombinationofcartoon,graffiti,andperformanceartinaminimalist,unsopisticatedstyle.(late20thcentury)综合漫画、涂鸦和表演艺术的艺术形式。其风格简单自然。★There'sanewwaveartshowcurrentlyonexhibitupatthedallery.本地大学美术馆里正在举办一个新浪潮艺术作品展。nude:裸体•Theundrapedhumanfigure,sometimesallegorical.无遮盖的人体画像，有时具有讽喻意义。★Thenudehasalwaysplayedapowerfulroleinartthroughouttheages.在艺术领域，裸体画一直占有重要的地位。opart:光效应艺术，视幻艺术•Astylewithgraphicabstactionandpattern-orientedopticaleffects.(mid-20thcentury)利用几何图形和色彩对比给人以摸棱两可的视幻觉艺术。起源于20世纪中期。RileyandVasarelyaretwonoteableartistswhomadecontributionsintheillusoryworldofopart.瑞利和凡撒里这两位著名的艺术家为梦幻般的光效应艺术作出了贡献。popart:波普艺术•Astyle-makinguseofimagesfrompopularcultureandcommerce,oftenreproducedexactly.(mid-20thcentury)把精确复制大众化文化和商业中的形象作为一种艺术创作。起源于20世纪中期。RoyLitchnstein,whohelpedstartthemovementinthe1950s,continuestoruleasthekingofpopartintothe90s.早在50年代，罗耶•列克敦斯坦就参与发起波普艺术运动。直到90年代他依然是波普艺术的顶尖级人物。local(Rehhi^ance:文艺复新时期风格的；文艺复新•Artthatisclassicalinformandcontent.(n.)revivalofaestheticsofclassicalantiquity.(14th-17thcenturies)艺术作品的形式和内容具有古典主义色彩的；从14世纪延续到17世纪的经典传统美学的复新。Renaissanceartisstillappreciatedbyartistsortoday.现在的艺术家仍然对文艺复新时期的艺术珍爱有加。MuchofthegreatestartinthehistoryoftheworldwasproducedduringtheRenaissance.世界艺术史上最伟大的作品很多是在文艺复新时期产生的。sculpture:雕刻术；雕塑术•Theartofcarvingwood,chiselingstone,castingorweldingmetal,moldingcalyorwax,othree-dimensionalrepresentations,asstatues,figures,forms,etc.通过对木头、石头进行雕刻，对金属加以铸造、焊接，或对泥、蜡加工制成的三维雕塑作品。★Mt.Rushmorewhichdepictsimagesof4U.S.presidentsintheBlackHills,SouthDakotaisoneofthemostfamoussculpturesinAmerica.在南达科他州布莱克山区的拉莫尔山上刻有四位美国总统的雕像。它们是美国最有名的雕塑之一。surrealism:超现实主义•Astyleusingsubconsciousmentalactivityasitssubjectmatter,characterizedbydreamlike,halluncinatoyyimagery.将下