2014届高三一轮复习英语资料 基础巩固(新课标专用)Book 2 Unit 3 含解析

Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)asaresult结果→asaconsequence/inconsequenceasaresultof因为→asconsequenceof因为→consequentlyadv.结果anyhow/anyway无论如何；即使如此→somehow不知怎么地inaway在某种程度上→intheway挡道→onthewayto在去……的路上→ontheway临近→makeone’swayto朝……走去arisevi.出现；发生→arisefrom/outofsth.因……产生；由……引起5．dealwith处理；对付→dowith处理watchover看守；监视→watchout当心niece侄女；甥女→nephew侄子；外甥Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)1．logicaladj.合逻辑的→logicallyadv.合逻辑地→logicn2．technologyn．工艺；科技→technologicaladj.科技的3．intelligencen．智力→intelligentadj.聪明的solvevt.解决→solutionn．解决方法applicationn．应用；申请→applyvi.申请；应用6．financen．金融；财经→financialadj.Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)Theappearance(出现)ofthecomputerwithartificialintelligence(人工智能)isatechnologicalrevolution(技术革命)incomputertechnology(科技)．Thebuildingofthefactorywillimproveourlifeinaway(在某种程度上),butmanyproblemswillarise(出现)whenpollutedwaterispouredwithoutbeingdealtwith(处理)．Fromnowon(),Iwillbesobusywithsomanyproblemstosolvethat(如此……以致于)Iwon’thavetimetoexplore(探索)thatmatterwithyou.Ournewlydesignedandroid(机器人)canwatchover(照管)babies，mop(用拖把拖)thefloor.Wecan下载)informationfromtheInternetandenjoyotherconveniencethattheapplication(应用)ofcomputersbrings.Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)Withtheelectronictechnologyrevolutiongoingon，simplifiedcalculationissolvedinapplicationonfinancebyuniversalexploration.Ourgoalofmakinglifehappieriscertaintoberealizedthroughmanintelligence.Ⅴ.课文原句背诵Astimewentby,Iwasmadesmaller.随着时间推移，他们把我造的越来越小了。MymemorybecamesolargethatevenIcouldn’tbelieveit!我的存储量大的我都难以置信！3．IdevelopedveryslowlyandittooknearlytwohundredyearsbeforeIwasbuiltasananalyticalmachinebyCharlesBabbage.我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。Ⅰ.单项填空Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook，yourmeal cold. (2012·北京，22)getsC．will答案C

hasgotD．is解析句意为：等你读完这本书的时候，你的饭就凉了。bythetime引导时间状语从句，从句中用现在完成时代替将来完成时，故主句应该用一般将来时。(考查单元语法)Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms allovertheworld. (2011·天津，3)haveC．areproducing答案B

havebeenproducedD．arebeingproducedinthelastfewyears可确定时态为现在完成时，然后根据filmsproduce态。故空格处应为现在完成时的被动语态。(考查单元语法)Asisreported，itis100years QinghuaUniversitywasfounded.(2011·四川，6)whenC．after

beforeD．since答案D解析100when当before在……Itissometimesince...D。(教材原句：Astimewentby,Iwasmadesmaller.)Inmanypeople’sopinion，thatcompany，thoughrelativelysmall，ispleasant .(2010·四川，11)todealwith withC．tobedealtwith答案A

D．dealtwith解析句意为：在很多人看来，尽管那家公司相对来说较小，人们却能够与之愉快合作。该句可还原成Todealwiththatcompanyispleasant。故选A。(教材原句：Thismeansthatitshouldcleanthehouse...anddealwithtelephonecalls.)5．EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney-makingjobstheybeforeleavingtheirhometowns. (2010·福建，28)promisedC．havepromised答案D

D．havebeenpromised作。此处农民工是被许诺工作，需用被动语态，故排除AC两项；B项仅表一般过去时的被动；D项表示已经被许诺。(考查单元语法)Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉Strip-miningtotallydestroystheland. (2012·ft东·阅读A)露天开采完全破坏了土地。ArthurMiller(1915～2005)isuniversallyrecognizedasoneofthegreatestdramatistsofthe20thcentury. (2011·ft·普遍认为ArthurMiller是20世纪最伟大的剧作家之一。Forthosewhostudythedevelopmentofintelligence(智)intheanimalworld,self-awarenessisanimportantmeasurement. (2011·大纲全国阅读对于研究动物智力发展的人来说，自我意识是一个重要的标尺。Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英更糟糕的是他们随地吐痰随手把垃圾扔进湖里全然不顾附近醒目的不乱扔垃圾”志，真是可耻。(totally) (2012·福建·书面表)What’sworse,theyspatandeventhrewrubbishintothelake ，totallyignoringthenoticeablesign“NoLittering”nearby.Whatashame!那么怎样解决这些问题呢？在我看来，骑自行车是一个很好的解决方式。(solve)历年高考热点：dealuniversally，intelligence，solve历年高考热点：dealuniversally，intelligence，solve2014考点预测：anyhow，signal，solve，arise，asaresult，inaway，dealwith，watchover等的用法。anyhow1anyhow双语释义adv.(anyway)(inacareless学情诊断翻译句子①Anyhow，mygoalistoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighquality.不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。②Ihavetried,butIcan’topenitanyhow.我已经试过了，但无论如何也打不开。③Shepiledthepapersonherdeskjustanyhow.她把文件随便地堆放在桌子上。I’mcertaintoldyouhisbusinesstroubles. nosecretthatheowesaofmoneytothebank.A．However B．AnyhowC．Therefore答案B

D．Though多howeveranyhowtherefore尽管。anyway＝anyway＝anyhow无论如何；不管怎样；用任何方式somehow用某种方式；不知怎么地；不知为什么signalsomewhat稍微，有点常用来修饰形容词或副词signal2(makeasoundtogivea(sign)；标志，预示学情诊断signal的适当形式填空①Didyousignalbeforeyouturnedright?②Thethiefsignaledhisfriendsthatthepolicewerecoming.③Chestpainscanbeawarningsignalofheartproblems.Thereare toshowthatanew，differentcityiscomingoutofitsdarkpast.signalsC．signs答案C归纳拓展

marksD．symbolssignaltosb.signaltosb.向某人示意signal to sb.todosth.示意某人做某signal sb. that...示……signaltohelp发出求救信号trafficsignals交通信号bysignal以信号易混辨析symbol，signal，sign，marksymbol指符号、象征、标志等。signal指信号、暗号或警告等。sign表示“记号，符号”时，同symbol。表示“告示，牌示”时，侧重指用图画、文字表达的告示、图示，此外还可以理解为“迹象，征兆”。mark普通用词，含义广泛。既可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征。活学活用用symbol，signal，sign，mark的适当形式填空(1)Thesiren(警报器)wasasignalforeveryonetoleavethebuilding.(2)Thechildrenleftdirtymarksalloverthekitchenfloor.Doveisasymbolofpeace.solveDarkcloudsareusuallyasignofrain.solve3双语释义vt.解决；解答(dealwith；handle)学情诊断tryingtosolvethedifficultproblem.我们正设法解决这个难题。Thisproblemistoodifficultformetosolve.(翻译句子)这个问题太难，我解决不了。Thisisthebestway theproblem.solve答案B归纳拓展

toD．solved同义词语：同义词语：settle，resolve，dealwith，dowith，workoutarise4arise双语释义vi.发生(startto由……)因……)产生asaresultof...)学情诊断arise，riseraise的适当形式填空①Agreatwindarosewhenwewereabouttoleave.②Thepriceofwheathasbeenraisedsincelastyear.③Thepriceofwheathasrisensincelastyear.④Anewcrisishasarisen.Weshouldalwaysbearinmindthatfromcarelessnesswhiledriving.B．arouseC．begin答案A

D．causearisefrom……引起；因……发生，符合句意。arouse唤起，激起；begin常与with连用；cause为及物动词。arisefrom/outofarisefrom/outof…………th.arise某事出现易错提示arise为不及物动词，表示“出现，发生”时，主语一般为抽象名词，如problem，trouble，quarrel，difficulty，misunderstanding等。易混辨析arise，rise，raise这些动词均有“上升，举起”之意。arise不及物动词，意为“出现；发生”。rise不及物动词，意为“上升；起床；升起”，说明主语自身移向更高的位置。asaresultraise及物动词，“抬高；提高”，说明主语的动作作用于其他事物。asaresult5双语释义结果(asaconsequence)学情诊断完成句子①Hewaslateasaresultoftheheavysnow.由于大雪他迟到了。②Hedefeatedallcompetitorsandwonthescholarshipasaresult.结果他击败了所有的竞争者，最终赢得了奖学金。③Hardworkingresultsinsuccess.努力工作成就成功。④Successresultsfromhardworking.成功来自努力工作。⑤Thefarmwasflooded,withtheresultthatmostoftheharvestwaslost.农场被淹，收成损失了一大半。Thequarrelresulted hismother thehouse.A．in；left B．from；leavingC．in；leaving答案C归纳拓展

D．from；leftasaresultasaresult表示一个最终的结果；可放在句首、句中，用逗号与后面的句子隔开；也可以放在句尾。asaresultof由于，后面接表示原因的内容。resultfrom因……而起resultin导致……的结果withtheresultthat＝sothat从而；因此；结果是图解助记写作句组满分作文之佳句背诵a．Foranother，bicyclesareenvironmentallyfriendlybecausetheywon’tgiveoffwastegas.(2011·江西)b．Thankstothecomfortingsmileinmyfirstmorningclass，Ibegantobeconfident.(2010·湖北)c．Atlast，let’shopethiscompetitionwillbeagreatsuccessduetoyourhardworkandfullinaway/inonewaywarmth.inaway/inoneway6

(2009·天津)双语释义从某种意义上讲，从某方面来说；在某种程度上(tosomeextent；notcompletelytoacertainpoint)学情诊断way的相关短语填空①Althoughhethoughthewashelpinguspreparedinner，hewasonlyintheway.②Hestayedallthewayathomeduringthewinterholidays.③Innowaycantheorybeseparatedfrompractice.(2)—Ithinkheistakinganactivepartinsocialwork.—Iagreewithyou .A．inaway thewayC．bytheway答案A

D．intheway解析答句句意为：在某种程度上我同意你的观点。inaway在某种程度上。alltheway一路上；始终；一直alltheway一路上；始终；一直innoway决不insomeways在某种程度上inthe/one’sway挡着某人的路，碍事noway没门儿；不可能dealwithonthe/itsway即将到达dealwith7双语释义处理；对付(handle)；安排；涉及，论及(beabout)；和(某人)做生意(tradewith)学情诊断(1)同义词语替换①Don’tworry，Mr.Symes；it’salreadybeendealtwith.solved②Idon’tknowhowtodealwithallthefoodthat’sleftover.whattodowith(2)一言辨异(dealwith/dowith/dealin)Idon’tknowhowtodealwiththemandealinginsecond-cars.Canyoutellmewhattodowithmyoldcar?howtodealwithsth./whattodowithsth.如何处理某物howtodealwithsth./whattodowithsth.如何处理某物dealinsth.做……生意，经营，买卖makeadeal达成协议；做成交易It’sadeal.成交；一言为定。8 watchover看守；监视；照看学情诊断完成句子①Watchfor(关注)anysuddenchangesintemperature，incaseofgettingacoldinwinter.②Watchoutfor(注意)amaninablackhat.③Doyoumindwatchingover(照看)mybagwhileIgototherestroom?！There’sacarcoming，”themothershoutedtotheplayingchildren.WatchoverC．Onthe答案D归纳拓展

WatchforD．Watchwatchoutforwatchoutfor留心，密切注意watchout注意；当心；提防watchfor注意，当心watch...do/doing注视…做过/正在做onwatch值班watchyourmouth/tongue说话当心AndAndmymemorybecamesolargethatevenIcouldntbelieveit！句型公式：so...that...句型公式：so...that...学情诊断sosuch填空①Heworkedsohardthathepassedtheexamatlast.②Heissuchacleverboythateverybodylikeshim.③Hehassolittlemoneythathecan’tfeedhisfamily.TheGreatWallis touristattractionthatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.A．soawell-knownC．suchwell-knowna答案D

B．asowell-knownD．suchawell-known解析由so＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋that...＝such＋a(n)＋adj.＋n.＋that...可知。归纳拓展so...that...引导结果状语从句，此处so是副词，口语中可省略that。,so...that...句式的常见用法如下：so＋adj.或adv.＋that...so＋adj.＋a n ＋n.＋that...so＋many或few＋复数名词＋that...so＋much或little 少＋不可数名词＋that...思考表达“如此……以致于”的such句型：such＋a(n)＋adj.＋n.＋that.../such＋adj.＋不可数名词＋that.../such＋adj.＋名词复数＋that...句型公式：as引导的时间状语从句AstimewentIwasmade句型公式：as引导的时间状语从句学情诊断完成句子Associetydevelops,thepollutionbecomesmoreserious.Withsocietydeveloping,thepollutionbecomesmoreserious.随着社会的发展，污染变得更严重了。 theproblemoflanderosion(侵蚀)gettingmoreandmoreserious,thegovernmentissearchingforawaytodealwithit.A．As B．WithC．When答案B

D．If1 as正如，尽管。引导让步状语从句时用倒装语序。1 as正如，尽管。引导让步状语从句时用倒装语序。2 as也可以引导定语从句，作关系代词。这时先行词前有：so，as，such，thesame单元语法：现在完成时的被动语态等。单元语法：现在完成时的被动语态3学情诊断用被动语态改写下列句子Wehaveboughtanewpersonalcomputer.→Anewpersonalcomputerhasbeenboughtbyus.Wehavefoundmanyproblemswithournewwashingmachine.→Manyproblemshavebeenfoundwithournewwashingmachinebyus.(3)Ihavegivenhimthebook.→Hehasbeengiventhebookbyme.→Thebookhasbeengiventohimbyme.(4)Hehasofferedusthemostcomfortableservice.→Themostcomfortableservicehasbeenofferedtousbyhim.→Wehavebeenofferedthemostcomfortableservicebyhim.(5)Hehasthoughtofawayofsolvingtheproblem.→Awayofsolvingtheproblemhasbeenthoughtofbyhim.Ⅰ.根据英文释义写出下列单词1．simplify：tomakethingseasier2．calculate：tofindtheanswerusingnumbers3．solve：toworkouttheanswertoaproblem4．totally：completely5．finance：theactivityofmanagingmoneysolve，technology，solve，technology，appearance，signal，arise1．Thepolicemansignaledthetraffictomoveforwardslowly.2．Rememberthataccidentsoftenarisefromcarelessness.Thesolutiontotheproblemrequiredmanyhours.Shehasmasteredaveryusefultechnique.5．Heappearedbynow.Ⅲ.词义猜测或句意理解题——用本单元词汇或句式替换划线部分canbreakupthelongsentencetomakeitsimple.simplifyit2．Sincethe1970s,manynewuseshavebeenfoundforme.applications3．I’vebeensenttoseehowtheMoonislike.exploretheMoon4．Ifanewsituationhappens,hewillfindithardtodealwithit.arises5．Inmyeyes，theteamthatwonfirstplacecheated.Personally，IthinkⅣ.微写作(8)写作素材我想研制自己的机器人。它将具有人工智能并有人的外表。它不但能进行逻辑思维，还能替我照顾年迈的父母，处理我的私事。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)I’dliketodevelopmyownandroidwithartificialintelligenceandhumanappearances.Itnotonlythinkslogically,butalsocanwatchovermyparentsformebesidesdealingwithmypersonalaffairs.Ihopeitwouldbecomearealityandwithitshelp,lifewouldbemuchmoreconvenient.Ⅴ.微语法(8)——现在完成时(课外拓展——一个单元突破一个语法点)Everypossiblemeans topreventtheairpollution，buttheskyisstillnotclear.A．isused B．areusedC．hasbeenused答案C

D．havebeenused解析现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响，everypossiblemeans作主语，谓语动词用单数。又因为use与means之间为动宾关系，故C项正确。2．IwanttobuythatjacketbecauseI thecloth told；washeshavebeentold；washeswastold；washedhavebeentold；iswashed答案B解析句中“I”和“tell”wash此处表示这种布料本身的特征，应使用主动形式。—Howmanytimes nottoplaywithfire?—I’msorry.I’llneverdothatagain.doyoutellC．areyou答案D

hadyoutoldD．haveyoubeen解析根据“howmanytimes”可知动作发生在一段时间内，故应用完成时态。tell与you之间为动宾关系，故D项正确。Thoughwedon’tknowwhatwasdiscussed，yetwecanfeelthetopic .hadchangedC．was答案D

willchangeD．hasbeen解析本题中使用了一般现在时态，thetopicchange用被动语态，且是造成对现在的一种感觉，故又应该用完成时态。Don’trepeatthestoryiftheirson themallaboutit.tells C．hastold答案C

D．willtellStepOne抓基础——句子先行5讲复合句原来不复杂(2)——定语从句mas，whose)或关系副词(where，when，why)引导。IreadtheannouncementofthesummercampinSingaporethatyouhavepostedontheInternetandIaminterestedinit.纲全国Ⅰ·