2019届高三上学期英语期末考试试卷第14套真题

2019届高三上学期英语期末考试试卷一、阅读理解1.阅读理解TheU.S.hascountlesssecretswimmingholesthroughoutmoststates,manyofwhichyou'velikelyneverheardofunlessyou'refromthearea.HavasuFallsThisattractivewaterfallintheGrandCanyonisundoubtedlyadestinationspotrequiringa10-milewalktothefalls.Youcantakeaguidedtourtothefalls,ormakeitonyourown.TheHavasuFallsareontheHavasupaiIndianReservation,whichmeansyou'llneedtogetapermittovisit—thishasbecomeincreasinglydifficultasmorepeoplediscoverthishiddenplace.HamiltonPoolHamiltonPoolwascreatedwhenanundergroundriver'srooffelldownsuddenly;exposingwhatisnowtheswimmingholeandcreatinga50-footwaterfallthatflowsovertheabovelimestone.You'llhavetoreservebeforehandtogainentrytotheHamiltonPoolPreserve.ChutesandLaddersTogettothissecretswimminghole,you'llhavetotakearope40feetdownthefaceofacliff,andthenclimbdownabout8feetoflavarocktothepool.Oncethere,however,you'llbegladyoumadethejourney.Theswimmingholeisontheedgeoftheocean—anaturalpool,youcouldsay—withadepththatinvitesyoutojumpinwithoutcrowdsofpeoplearoundtowatch.HomesteadCraterTheHomesteadCraterishiddenunderarockdomewithanopeningatthetopthatallowsforsunlightandair.Itwasonceonlyaccessiblebythattopopening,butthereisnoweasyaccessthroughasidepathforvisitors.Goforaswiminthisbeautifulmineralwaterspring.（1）Peopleneedanofficialwrittenstatementtovisit.A.HavasuFallsB.HamiltonPoolC.ChutesandLaddersD.HomesteadCrater（2）WhatdoyouneedtogettoChutesandLadders?A.Atourguide.B.Aninvitation.C.Moreoutdoorskills.D.Reservationinadvance.（3）Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethefourplaces?A.Theyarehiddeninremoteareas.B.Theyareshapedbylimestone.C.Theyarecreatedbylocalpeople.D.Theyareaccessiblethroughahole.2.阅读理解Onarecentafternoon,some60yearsaftertheygraduatedfromgrammarschool,KathleenRys,72,andhersisterLorraineO'Kelly,70,satdownandhadamealwithaclassmate,BruceSmit,71forthefirsttime.Inthe1950s,LorraineandKathleenRys'familymovedfromChicagotoMonee.AsnewkidsatMoneeElementarySchool,theysoonfoundthemselvesontheoutswithotherstudents.“IwouldbewiththeotherguysandseeKathleenwalkingdownthehallway,herheaddown,holdingherbooks,walkingslowly.Andallofusguyswouldbeflatagainstthewalluntilshepassed.Thenwe'dburstintolaughter.Howrudeisthat?It'sjustcrazy.”saidSmit,adoctorwhosewife,Tammy,organizedthemeeting.Thewomensaidnoneoftheteacherscaredaboutit.”Wejustkeptittoourselves.“Lorrainesaid.Overtheyears,TammySmitsaid,“Brucewouldjuststarttocryattimes.He'dwonderwhathappenedtothesisters,iftheylandedOK.”Onedayafewweeksago,TammytooktotheinternetandfoundMaryO'Kelly,Lorraine'sdaughter,andofferedtosetupameeting.Theideaofrevisitingthepainwasnotwell-receivedbyKathleen,whohadnevermarried,letalonegoneonadate.Ittooksomeconvincing,butLorrainefinallygotKathleentoagreetomeetwithBruce.Brucebrokeintotears.“I'msoashamed,soembarrassed,”hesaid.“ButI'msohappyyou'restillhereandthatIcanfinallyapologize.“Hesaidhehopeshisapologywillencourageotherstoseekforgivenessforthepaintheymakeonothers.Lorrainesaid,”Thisisabeautifulthing.It'sjustwonderfulthatapersonfrom60yearsagocanaskforforgiveness.It'slikeamiracletous.It'sahealingtous.”（1）Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Kathleenmadenherclassmatesafraidofheratschool.B.Kathleenwasoncehurtbyherclassmatesatschool.C.BruceSmitaskedhiswifetoorganizethemeeting.D.BruceSmitspokeillofKathleen.（2）Whatdoes“it”probablyrefertointhe4ndparagraph?A.Theguys'meeting.B.Kathleen'sslowpace.C.Theguys'apology.D.Kathleen'ssuffering.（3）HowdidKathleenfirstfeelaboutthemeeting?A.Angry.B.Excited.C.Anxious.D.Unwilling.（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Brucewasembarrassedforhisapology.B.Theotherguysapologizedtothetwosisters.C.Bruceandthetwosistersfeltasenseofrelief.D.Lorrainethoughttheapologycamealittlelate.3.阅读理解AwalkthroughthegalleriesofQuebec'sMontrealMuseumofFineArtsplacesindividualsface-to-facewithsome43,000artworksrangingfromChineseceramicstoInuitsculpture.Whilethevisitingisanincredibleculturalexperience,agroupoflocalphysicianswillsoonbeabletoprescribemuseumvisitsastreatmentforsomeillnesses.“Weknowthatartcontributestoneuralactivity,”saidMMFAdirectorNathalieBondil.“Whatweseeisthatbeingincontactwithartcanreallyhelpyourwellb-eing.”HeleneBoyer,vicepresidentofaMontreal-basedmedicalassociation,explainsthatmuseumvisitshavebeenshowntoincreaselevelsofserotonin,aneurotransmitterknownasthe“happychemical”whichhelpstoliftmood.AccordingtoBoyer,thesmallincreaseinhormonesassociatedwithenjoyinganafternoonofartissimilartothatofferedbyexercise,makingmuseumprescriptionsidealfortheelderlyexperiencingpainthatpreventsthemfromregularlyjoininginphysicalactivity.Themuseumvisitsaredesignedtoimprovetraditionalmethods.AsBondilnotes,spendingtimeinapeacefulenvironmentcanprovideawelcomedistraction.“Whatismostimportantisthisexperiencecanhelpthemescapefromtheirownpain,”shesays.“Whenyouenterthemuseum,youescapefromthespeedofourdailylife.”“Iamconvincedthatinthe21stcentury,culturewillbewhatphysicalactivitywasforhealthinthe20thcentury,”saidBondil.“Somepeoplewoulddowelltorecallthatjustinthe19thcentury,sportswerebelievedtodoharmtothebody.Justasdoctorsnowprescribeexercise,theywillbeabletoprescribeavisittotheMMFA.”（1）WhatdoesHeleneBoyerthinkofmuseumvisits?A.Theycancheerpeopleup.B.Theycanreducephysicalactivity.C.Theycanslowdownourlifepace.D.Theycanincreaselevelsofartappreciation.（2）Howdomuseumvisitsaffectpeople?A.Stopthemconcentratingonpain.B.Stopthemfocusingontraditionalmethods.C.Encouragethemnottobeabsent-minded.D.Encouragethemtoslowtheirstepswhilewalking.（3）Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?A.Physicalactivitieswerepopularinthe19thcentury.B.Sportsareconsideredtobeharmfultothebody.C.Ideasoftreatingillnessesarechangingovertime.D.Doctorsprescribemuseumvisitsregularlynow.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Museumvisitsareidealfortheelderly.B.Happychemicalhelpstoliftmood.C.Peacefulenvironmenthelpsescapepain.D.Culturalactivitieswillpromotehealth.4.阅读理解Backin1988,RedDeliciousmadeup70to80percentofthedomesticapplemarket.Overtheyears,farmerssoldalotofthembecausetheylookedgreat.Buttheyhadaflourytexture,andpeoplewantanapplethat'sfirm,crispandjuicy.Istartedsearchingforone.By1994,threatenedbyvarietiesfromJapanandNewZealand,theU.S.appleindustryandWashingtonStateUniversityagreedthatwehadtogrowourown.First,wecross-pollinatedexistingapples:Collectpollenfromoneflower,putitonthetipofapencileraser,andrubitintoanother.Wecrosseddozensofcrisp,tastyvarietiessuchasGala,Fuji,andPinkLady.ButthebestbreedcameoutofHoneyCrispandEnterpriseparents.Wegrewthecross-bredseedsinto5-foottrees,graftedthosetorootstockstomakethemstartproducingquickly,andplantedtheminevaluationgardens.Afewyearslater,theyfruited—andwebegantasting.SoIwouldwalkdownlongrowsofhundredsandthousandsoftrees,andwhenIfoundanattractivefruit,I'dbite,chew,spititout.Mostwereterrible,butwhenIfoundonewithgoodtextureandtaste,I'dpick10or20ofthem.ThenIputthemincoldstoragetoseehowtheywouldholdupafterafewmonths.Afterthat,threeorfourresearcherssatdownandtastedeveryapple.Wecheckedacidityandsugarlevels,whichcanbreakdownovertime,andtestedfirmnessandcrispnessusinginstrumentsthatmeasurepressureandcellbreakdown.Whenwefoundexactlywhatwewanted,weplantedandtestedthemalloveragain.Eventually,weendedupwiththeCosmicCrisp.Itcanspendnineto12monthsinstorage,andstaycrisp,firm,juicyandsweet.（1）Whatdoestheauthormainlytellus?A.WhyRedDelicioussellsbest.B.Howgood-textureapplesaregrown.C.Whycross-pollinatedapplestastenice.D.Howanewvarietyofapplecomesintobeing.（2）HowhastheCosmicCrispbeendeveloped?A.Bytestingacidityandsugar.B.Bycross-breedingwithgoodvarieties.C.Byselectingfinefruits.D.Byevaluatingthequality.（3）Whichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“grafted”inPara2?A.Applied.B.Rubbed.C.Attached.D.Changed.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Thecross-pollinatedappleseedstakeafewyearstogrow.B.CosmicCrisphasalongerstoragelifeandbetterquality.C.CosmicCrispismainlybredfromGalaandFuji.D.Thequalityofappleliesinitsacidityandsugar.二、任务型阅读根据短文内容，从段问候的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HaveyoueverwonderedhowthetrainersatSeaWorldgetthe19,000-poundwhaletojump22feetoutofwaterandperformtricks?Theygetthatwhaletogooveraropefartheroutofthewaterthanmostofuscanimagine..SohowdothetrainersatSeaWorlddoit?Thefirstthingtheydoisreinforcethebehaviorthattheywantrepeated---inthiscase,togetthewhaletogoovertherope.,inapositionwherethewhalecan'thelpbutdowhat'sexpectedofit.Everytimethewhalegoesovertherope,it'sgivenpositivereinforcementandgetsfedwithfish.Butwhathappenedwhenthewhalegoesundertherope?Nothing—nocriticism,nowarningandnofeedback..Positivereinforcementisthekeyofthatsimpleprinciplethatproducessuchsplendidresults.Andasthewhalebeginstogoovertheropemoreoftenthanunder,thetrainersbegintoraisetherope.Itmustberaisedslowlyenoughsothatthewhaledoesn'tstarve..Makeabigdealoutofthegoodandlittlestuffthatwewantconsistently.Secondly,under-criticize.Peopleknowtheyneedhelpwhentheymessup.,peoplewillnotforgettheeventandusuallywillnotrepeatit.Soweneedtosetupthecircumstancessothatpeoplecan'tfail.Over-celebrate,undercriticize...andknowhowfartoraisetherope.ThisisagreatchallengeAndthewhalestaysrightwhereitisIfwefigureoutawaytomotivatethewhaleTheystartwiththeropebelowthesurfaceofthewaterIfweunder-criticize,punishanddisciplinelessthanexpectedWhalesaretaughtthattheirnegativebehaviorwon'tbeacknowledgedThesimplelessontobelearnedfromthewhaletrainersistoover-celebrate三、完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Growingupinthe1960s,Iwastaughtfromanearlyagetosendahandwrittenthank-younoteexpressing1forkindness.Mymotherusedtobuymeaboxofpaperand2meintheartandvalueofsaying“thankyou”.She3toberight.Astudyshowedthatittookmostvolunteerslessthan5minutestowritethethank-younotes.Just5minutestomake4personfeel“overjoyed”!5,inour“instant”world,theideaofgettinganactualpenandwritinganactualnoteseemstonevercometomind.Wetendtodowhatis6forus—aquicktextoranemail.It'seasytousethe7ofbeingbusy,butevenverybusyand8businessmenfindtimeto9thank-younotes.Forexample,whenDougConantbecameCEOofCampbell'sSoup,thecompanyhad10halfofitsmarketvalueandmoralewasatanall-timelow.He11fixingthatbydoingsomesimplethingsthatareprobablynot12inanyMBAclass.Foronething,Conantwrotetoevery13.Hegainedtheirconfidenceand14,turnedthecompany15.InhistenyearsasCEO,Conantwroteover30,000notestoemployees.It's16nottoaskhowhedidit.17,hehadmanyotherthingstodo18writingathank-younote.Conantmadetimefor19becauseheknewtheimpacteachonewouldhave.Anexpressionof20inthiscrazyworldstillmakesadifference.（1）A.concernB.sympathyC.affectionD.appreciation（2）A.consultB.instructC.answerD.impres（s3）A.remainedB.provedC.appearedD.claimed（4）A.oneB.anyC.eachD.anothe（r5）A.YetB.ThereforeC.SoD.Otherwise（6）A.specialB.necessaryC.convenientD.importan（t7）A.caseB.excuseC.exampleD.situation（8）A.humorousB.optimisticC.successfulD.experienced（9）A.penB.receiveC.designD.delive（r10）A.lostB.gainedC.developedD.damaged（11）A.gaveupB.keptupC.setaboutD.worriedabout（12）A.permittedB.taughtC.checkedD.tested（13）A.marketB.businessmanC.companyD.employee（14）A.personallyB.franklyC.naturallyD.occasionally（15）A.upB.downC.awayD.around（16）A.hardB.greatC.amazingD.disappointing（17）A.AsusualB.InshortC.BythewayD.Aftera（ll18）A.byB.inC.besidesD.withou（t19）A.meB.itC.himD.them（20）A.kindnessB.joyC.valueD.confidence四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheinformationIoverthelastfewyearsleadsmetobelievethatspeedreadingmaybelessthanmostpeoplethink.Theclaimthatyoucanreadandcomprehendover30,000wordsperminuteisoverstated.Oneresearcherprovedthisinastudywhereirrelevantandillogicalsentenceswereaddedtoatext.The“speedreaders”weretesteddidn'tnoticetheirrelevantlines—thenon-speedreadersspottedthemimmediately.I'veinterviewedpeoplewhohaveattendedtheintroductorysessionsbysomespeedreadingcourses.storiesindicatethatimpropermethodsaresometimesusedtosellthecourses.Here'show:First,you'reaskedtoreadapassagefromabookwhichmostpersonswouldbeunfamiliar.Yourre