高考英语模拟题汇编专题01 阅读理解之说明文（三）（解析版）

专题01阅读理解之说明文（一）（2020届河南省名校联盟高三联考）Manyanimalsmovefromoneplacetoanotheratcertaintimesoftheyear.Thisannualmovementiscalledmigration.Theymigratetofindfood,seekapartner,orinsearchofwarmerweather.OneofthemostwonderfulmigrationsinnatureisthatoftheNorthAmericanmonarchbutterfly.Everyautumn,millionsofthesebeautifulinsectswithfineblackandorangewingsbeginalonganddifficultjourney.Somehowtheymanagetotravelaround4,000kilometerssouthandfindtheirwaytoCaliforniaorMexico.However,untilrecentlynooneknewhowtheydidthis.AteamofscientistsledbyProfessorEliShlizermanattheUniversityofWashingtonhasnowfoundtheanswer.Theyhavefoundoutthatthemonarchisabletotellthetimeofday.Itusesitseyestomeasurethepositionofthesun.Thesetwopiecesofinformation—thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflytodeterminethewaytogo.Eventually,itmanagestoreachtheplaceswhereitwillspendthewinter.Thesolutiontothemysteryofthemonarch’samazingabilitycomesatatimewhenitisinserioustrouble.Itspopulationhascrashedbyasmuchas90percentinthelastfewyears.Sadly,humanactivityisthemainreasonwhythenumberofmonarchbutterfliesisfalling.Inmanyoftheplaceswherethebutterflycanbefound,peoplearedestroyingthenaturalenvironment.Theycutdowntreesandusechemicalsthatkilltheplantsthatmonarchcaterpillarseat.Theresearchonthemonarch’sbehaviorhashoweverledtoagreaterawarenessofthiscreature.Peoplehavebeenworkingtogethertorecorditsmigrationandmakesurethatthereareenoughplantsforittofeedon.Ifthisworks,theremaycomeatimewhenthenumberofmonarchbutterfliesincreasesonceagain.Themoreweknowaboutthislovelycreature,thegreaterthechanceitwillsurviveandkeepitsplaceinthenaturalworldforalongtimetocome.8．Whichisnotthepurposeofanimals’migrationaccordingtothetext?A．Tosearchforfood. B．Tolookforapartner.C．Tobreedyoungbabies. D．Tostayawayfromcoldweather.9．Whatmainlycausedthedecreaseinthenumberofthemonarchbutterflies?A．Weatherchanges. B．Humanactivities.C．Treesbeingcutdown. D．Thelongmigrationeveryyear.10．Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A．Alltheanimalsmigrateatfixedtimesoftheyear.B．Themonarchhastheabilitytoidentifythetimeofday.C．Thepopulationofthemonarchisdecreasingrapidlyeveryyear.D．Nooneknowshowthemonarchbutterfliesmaketheirwaytotheirdestinations.11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphimplyabouttheresearch?A．Itisquiteencouraging. B．itisfairlycomplex.C．Itisveryunacceptable. D．Itisratheruseless.【答案】8．C9．B10．B11．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了帝王蝶的迁徙及人类活动是导致帝王蝶数量下降的主要原因，向读者揭示了人与自然和谐共处的意义。8．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句话“Theymigratetofindfood,seekapartner,orinsearchofwarmerweather.”可知，动物迁徙的目的中本文并没有提及“tobreedyoungbabies”（繁衍幼虫）这一项。故选C项。9．细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“Sadly,humanactivityisthemainreasonwhythenumberofmonarchbutterfliesisfalling.”可知，人类活动是导致帝王蝶数量减少的主要原因。故选B项。10．细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Theyhavefoundoutthatthemonarchisabletotellthetimeofday.”可知，科研人员发现帝王蝶是有辨别时间的能力的。故选B项。11．推理判断题.根据最后一段中Ifthisworks,theremaycomeatimewhenthenumberofmonarchbutterfliesincreasesonceagain.Themoreweknowaboutthislovelycreature,thegreaterthechanceitwillsurviveandkeepitsplaceinthenaturalworldforalongtimetocome.（如果这种方法有效的话，也许有一天帝王蝶的数量会再次增加。我们对这种可爱的生物了解得越多，它存活下来并在未来很长一段时间内保持其在自然界地位的机会就越大。）可知，这个研究使得人们提高了对帝王蝶这一生物的重视并作出共同努力，从而使得人们有望再次见到帝王蝶数量的增长，这种结果无疑是使人感到振奋、鼓舞的。故选A项。（2020届河南省濮阳市高三第二次模拟）We’redrowninginplastic.Ifyouwanttoreduceyourowncontributiontotheplasticpollutionproblem,recyclingmightseemlikeaneasysolution.Butwhathappensafteryoucleanoutthoseplasticcontainersandpourthemintoarecyclingbin?Unfortunately,theoutcomeisn’tasrosyasmanypeoplethink;recyclingisunlikelytogiveplasticto-gocontainersnewlife.“Ofallthewasteproducedin2017,only8.4%ofiteventuallygotrecycled.It’snotthatconsumersaren’tmotivatedtorecycleorthattheydon’thavereadyaccesstorecyclingprograms;theUnitedStatessimplydoesn’thavetheproperfacilities(设施),”saidJohnHocevar,amarinebiologistwithGreenpeaceUSA．ArecentreportsurveyedtheUnitedStates’367materialsrecoveryfacilities—thefacilitiesthatsortourrecycling—andfoundonlyplasticbottleswereregularlyrecycled.Thefateofmostothertypesofplasticsuchaspackagingusuallyendsupbeingburiedorburnt.Notallplasticiscreatedequal.Ifyouturnoveratransparentplasticbottle,likethoseusedtoholdwater,you’llnoticeanumber“1”insideatriangularrecyclingsymbol.Non-transparentjugs,likethekindthatholdmilk,geta“2”.Atmaterialsrecoveryfacilities,orMRF’s,plasticsgetsortedbasedonthesenumbers,whichindicatehowrecyclabletheyare.Numbers1and2arerelativelyrecyclable.Recyclinggetsmoredifficultwithhighernumbers,called“mixedplastic”.Thiswastemakesuparound69%ofalltheplasticweuse.It’smuchmoreexpensivetoprocessthannumbers1and2.SowhattheUnitedStatesneedsisfacilitiesequippedtoprocessotherkindsofplastic.ButHocevarcameupwithadifferentsolution:“Thereallysimpleansweristhatwehavetostopmakingsomuchthrowawayplastic.”Thatsaid,isrecyclingworthit?Forbottleslabeled(贴标签)“1”or“2”,theansweris“yes”.There’salsoagrowingmarketforplasticslabeled“5”.Forothernumbers,Hocevar’sanswerwassimple:aresounding(响亮的)“no”onnumbers3,4,6and7.8．WhichproblemistheUSAfacingaccordingtothetext?A．Peopledon’tknowthebestwaytorecycle.B．Readyrecyclingprogramsarenotaccessible.C．Peoplelackawarenessaboutplasticrecycling.D．Thereisn’tsuitableequipmentforplasticrecycling.9．WhatmayJohnHocevarthinkofplasticrecyclingintheUSA?A．Productive. B．Promising.C．Unsatisfying. D．Controversial.10．Whatinformationcanthenumbersonplasticbottlesconvey?A．Whetheritiseasytorecyclethem.B．Therecyclingtechnologytheyneed.C．Theyplaceswheretheywereproduced.D．Whichdustbinweshouldputtheminto.11．WhatshouldwedowithplasticaccordingtoHocevar?A．Giveuptheuseofplastic.B．Developmorecheaperfacilities.C．Onlyrecycleplasticslabeled1to5.D．Reducetheproductionofmixedplastic.【答案】8．D9．C10．A11．D【解析】本文为说明文。讲述了塑料垃圾回收问题，标有不同数字符号的塑料瓶回收的成本也不同，有些可以回收，有些应该停止制造。8．细节理解题。根据第二段It’snotthatconsumersaren’tmotivatedtorecycleorthattheydon’thavereadyaccesstorecyclingprograms;theUnitedStatessimplydoesn’thavetheproperfacilities（这并不是说消费者没有回收利用的动机，也不是说他们没有现成的回收利用的途径;美国就是没有适当的设施）可知，美国所遇到的问题没有适当的设施，故选D。9．推理判断题。根据“Ofallthewasteproducedin2017,only8.4%ofiteventuallygotrecycled.…theUnitedStatessimplydoesn’thavetheproperfacilities(设施),”saidJohnHocevar,amarinebiologistwithGreenpeaceUSA.（“在2017年产生的所有垃圾中，只有8.4%最终得到回收利用。…美国就是没有适当的设施。”美国绿色和平组织的海洋生物学家JohnHocevar说，）可知，JohnHocevar对美国塑料回收不满意，故选C。10．细节理解题。根据第五段Numbers1and2arerelativelyrecyclable.Recyclinggetsmoredifficultwithhighernumbers,called“mixedplastic”.（数字1和2是相对可回收的。塑料的数量越高，回收就越困难，被称为混合塑料。）可知，塑料瓶上的数字代表了回收难度，故选A。11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Hocevarcameupwithadifferentsolution:“Thereallysimpleansweristhatwehavetostopmakingsomuchthrowawayplastic.”（Hocevar想出了一个不同的解决方案:“真正简单的答案是我们必须停止制造这么多的一次性塑料。”）可知，按照Hocevar所说，对于无法回收的混合塑料，我们应该减少生产，故选D。（2020届河南省濮阳市高三第二次模拟）Sometimes,youjustcan’tsaynotoanotherspoonfuloficecreamandmaybeonemoreafterthat.Whynot?Youdeserveit.There’snoneedtobeatyourselfupaboutitlater.Thetruthisthatyouwereprobablyboundtodothatfromtheveryfirstspoonful.That’sbecausethereisaswitchinyourbrain,andforwhateverreason,itcangetstuckinthe“on”position.Accordingtoanewstudy,thisimpulse(冲动)controlmaycomedowntoaveryspecificcircuit(回答)inthebrainwhichoccasionallyproducesmelanin-concentratinghormone,orMCH—achemicallinkedwithourdesireforfoodordrugs.Andthatcircuitalwayssaysyes.Bymanipulatingthiscircuit,itispossiblethatwemightbeabletodevelopcuresforovereatingthathelppeoplesticktoadietwithoutreducingnormalappetiteormakingdeliciousfoodslikedonutslessdelicious.Fortheirresearch,thescientiststreatedratstoaself-servebuffet.Burthetreatswereonatimeddeliverysystem,makingtastyfoodevery20seconds,andonlywhenaratpressedalever(杠杆).Hitthatlevertooearly—asimpatienttestsubjectsoccasionallydid—andthecounterwouldstartfromscratch.Lever-happyratswouldhavetowaitanothercyclebeforethefoodbecameavailableagain.Asecondexperimentofferedtheratstwodiningoptions.PushLeverAandgetanimmediatesmallreward.PushingLeverBmeantswaitingforaround40seconds,butthefoodrewardwouldbemuchbigger.Guesswhichleverthoseimpatientratsweremostfoodof?That’sright.Theypickedthenow-now-nowswitch.Theirimpulsiveness,however,rosesharplywhenscientistsgavetheratsMCH.Theseanimalsbecomemoreimpulsive.MCH,itseemed,couldtalkratsintolooseningitsinhibitions(拘束).Theresult?Moreplease.Researcherscannowseewherethatconversationbetweenthebrain’srewardsystemanditsimpulsecontrolcentertakesplace.Thenextstepwillbetomapit—andpotentiallyinfluencethediscussion.Itmayeventuallybepossibletocontrolafood-eatingimpulse.12．Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“manipulating”inparagraph4?A．Strengthening. B．Controlling.C．Classifying. D．Creating.13．Whatwouldhappenwhenaratpressedaleverearlierthanthefixedtime?A．Abiggerfoodrewardwouldappear.B．Tastyfoodwouldbedeliveredmuchsooner.C．Longertimewouldbeneededforfoodtoappear.D．Theleverwouldbestoppedformdeliveringfood.14．Whydidtheresearchersconducttheexperiments?A．TofindouttheeffectofMCHonanimals.B．Toproveratsarealsogreedyformorefood.C．Tostudyhowleversinfluencerats’impulse.D．Toshowratsandhumanshavesimilarimpulseforfood.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WhatIstheEffectofYourImpulse?B．WhatCanYouDotoResistMoreFood?C．WhyCan’tYouSay“No”toYourImpulse?D．WhyDoYouAlwaysGiveintoOneMoreMouthful?【答案】12．B13．C14．A15．D【解析】这是一篇说明文。有时候，你总是忍不住再吃一勺冰淇淋，根据最新研究显示，这种冲动控制可以归结为大脑中偶尔会产生的黑色素浓缩激素，或者称MCH，它是与我们对食物或药物的渴望有关的化学物质。12．词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的Andthatcircuitalwayssaysyes.可知，它总是说同意；根据划线词后面的itispossiblethatwemightbeabletodevelopcuresforovereatingthathelppeoplesticktoadietwithoutreducingnormalappetiteormakingdeliciousfoodslikedonutslessdelicious.可知，我们有可能开发出治疗暴饮暴食的方法，这个方法能帮助人们在不降低正常食欲的情况下坚持节食，或是让甜甜圈这样的美味食物变得不那么美味。由此可以推理出，是控制大脑中的那个回答，来研发出方法。因此下划线单词manipulating意为“操作、控制”，结合选项，选B。13．细节理解题。根据第五段Hitthatlevertooearly—asimpatienttestsubjectsoccasionallydid—andthecounterwouldstartfromscratch.Lever-happyratswouldhavetowaitanothercyclebeforethefoodbecameavailableagain.就像不耐烦的受试者偶尔做的那样，太早按杠杆，计时器会从头开始。在食物再次供应之前，快乐的老鼠将不得不等待另一个循环。由此可以看出，当老鼠在规定时间之前按下杠杆时，食物出现需要更长的时间。故选C。14．推理判断题。根据导数第二段Theirimpulsiveness,however,rosesharplywhenscientistsgavetheratsMCH.Theseanimalsbecomemoreimpulsive.MCH,itseemed,couldtalkratsintolooseningitsinhibitions(拘束).可知，然而，当科学家给老鼠MCH时，他们的冲动急剧上升。MCH似乎能让老鼠放松抑制。由此可以看出，研究者的实验是为了了解MCH对动物的影响。故选A。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段Sometimes,youjustcan’tsaynotoanotherspoonfuloficecreamandmaybeonemoreafterthat.可知，有时，你拒绝不了另一勺冰激凌或者再来一个；根据第三段Accordingtoanewstudy,thisimpulse(冲动)controlmaycomedowntoaveryspecificcircuit(回答)inthebrainwhichoccasionallyproducesmelanin-concentratinghormone,orMCH—achemicallinkedwithourdesireforfoodordrugs.可知据最新研究显示，这种冲动控制可以归结为大脑中的一个很特别的回答，它偶尔会产生的黑色素浓缩激素，或者称MCH，它是与我们对食物或药物的渴望有关的化学物质。由此可以看出，文章研究的是“你为什么总要多吃一口”现象，故选D。（2020届河南省郑州市第三次质量预测）Almosteveryonehasheardtheexpression“thecalmbeforethestorm”.Itisusuallyusedtodescribeapeacefulperiodjustbeforeaverystressfulsituationoratenseargument.Britishsailorscreatedthephraseinthelate1600s.Theynotedthatbeforecertainstormstheseaswouldseemtobecomestaticandthewindswoulddrop.Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?Sciencehasgivenustheanswer.AccordingtoUSwebsiteHowStuffWorks,acalmperiodoccursbecausemanystorms,suchashurricanesandtornadoes(龙卷风),drawinallthewarmanddampairfromthesurroundingarea.Asthisairrisesintothestormclouds,itcoolsandactsas“fuelforthestorm,likepetrolinacar”.Oncethestormhastakenalltheenergyitcanfromtheair,itispushedoutfromthetopofthestormcloudsandfallsbackdowntogroundlevel.Astheairgoesdown,itbecomeswarmanddry.Warm,dryairisstable,soonceitcoversanarea,itcausesacalmperiodbeforethestorm.Thissameprocessalsocauses“theeyeofthestorm”inhurricanesandtornadoes.Intheseconditions,thecalmoccursinthecenterofthestormbecauseofthestrongwindsmovinginacircle.TheWeatherNetworkhasatipforworkingouthowfarawayastormis.First,counthowmanysecondstherearebetweenaflashoflightningandaclapofthunder.Roughly3secondsequal1kilometer.So,forexample,ifyoucount9seconds,thestormisabout3kilometersaway.Agoodjudgementisthatifyourcountisbelow30seconds,youshouldseekshelterstraightaway.However,duetothecomplexityofstormsystem,notallstormsbreakaftercalm.Giventherightconditions,somestormsannouncethemselveswithheavyrainandcoldwinds.So,yourbestbetistokeepyourselfupdatedwithweatherreportsforanypredictionsregardingacomingstorminyourarea.That’sthemostreliableandsensiblewaytopredictthenextdisplayofnature’stemper.8．Theunderlinedword“static”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”.A．violentB．warmC．stillD．changeable9．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Tofindouthowastormcomesintobeing.B．Toexplainwhyapeacefulperiodoccursbeforeastorm.C．Toprovewhethertheresearchonstormcloudsiscorrect.D．Toshowhowdangerousastormcanbeincertainsituations.10．Ifthere’re15secondsbetweenaflashoflightningandathunderclap,howfaristhestormaway?A．About3kilometers.B．About5kilometers.C．About9kilometers.D．About15kilometers.11．Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A．Stormsdon’talwaysblowupaftercalm.B．Stormshaveabadinfluenceonourlife.C．Weatherreportsmayfailtopredictastorm.D．Heavystormsdon’tusuallylastalongtime.【答案】8．C9．B10．B11．A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章从科学角度解释了暴风雨前的平静。8．词句猜测题。根据划线词后的thewindswoulddrop.Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?可知，风也会减弱，为什么暴风雨前总是那么平静呢？这说明在某些暴风雨来临之前，海水是静止的。由此可知划线词意为“静止的”，故C项正确。9．推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段中的Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?及第三段中的Sciencehasgivenustheanswer.可知，为什么暴风雨来临前总是很平静呢？科学家们给出了答案。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是从科学角度解释暴风雨前的平静，故B项正确。10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的First,counthowmanysecondstherearebetweenaflashoflightningandaclapofthunder.Roughly3secondsequal1kilometer.可知，首先，数一数闪电和雷声之间有多少秒，大约3秒等于1公里。由此可知，如果闪电和雷声之间有15秒的间隔，暴风雨还有大约5公里，故B项正确。11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的However,duetothecomplexityofstormsystem,notallstormsbreakaftercalm.可知，然而，由于风暴系统的复杂性，并不是所有的暴风雨都会在平静之后爆发，故A项正确。（2020届河南省郑州市第三次质量预测）RecordfiressweepingacrosstheAmazonrecentlyhavebeenmakingtheheadlinesasscientistsandenvironmentalgroupsareworriedthattheywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity(生物多样性）。Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,theAmazonisoftencalled"thelungsoftheworld”.Itisalsohometoabout3millionspeciesofplantsandanimals,and1millionlocalpeople.Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystembecauseitabsorbsheatinsteadofreflectingheatbackintotheatmosphere.Italsostorescarbondioxideandproducesoxygen,ensuringthatlesscarbonisreleased,reducingtheeffectsofclimatechange.＂Anyforestdestroyedisadangertobiodiversityandthepeoplewhousethatbiodiversity,"ThomasLovejoy,anecologistatGeorgeMasonUniversitytoldNationalGeographic."Thegreatdangeristhatalotofcarbongoesintotheatmosphere,"hestressed."Inthemidstoftheglobalclimatecrisis,wecannotaffordmoredamagetoamajorsourceofoxygenandbiodiversity.TheAmazonmustbeprotected,"UNSecretaryGeneralAntonioGuterressaid.DatafromtheNationalInstituteforSpaceResearch(INPE)showthatthenumberofforestfiresinBrazilquicklyincreasedby82percentfromJanuarytoAugustayearago.Atotalof71,497forestfireswereregisteredinthecountryinthefirst8monthsof2019,upfrom39,194inthesameperiodin2018,INPEsaid.＂WeestimatethattheforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonhavedecreasedsomethingbetween20and30percentcomparedtothelast12months,"CarlosNobre,aresearcherattheUniversityofSaoPaulo,toldGermanbroadcasterDeutscheWelle.Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest,whosedegradation(恶化）couldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalclimateandrainfall.Theextentofthearearuinedbyfireshasyettobedetermined,buttheemergencyhasgonebeyondBrazil'sborders.12．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThegreatroleoftheAmazonrainforest.B．Theeffectsofconsistentclimatechange.C．Thecausesofthedecreasingbiodiversity.D．TheresultsoftheAmazonrainforestfires.13．Whydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinthefourthparagraph?A．Toexplaintheprocessoftheresearch.B．Topresentthebadinfluenceofforestfires.C．Toprovethegreatimportanceoftherainforest.D．Toshowtheemergencyofprotectingtherainforest.14．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthepassage?A．Thedryweatherleadstotherainforestfires.B．Thebiodiversitymakestherainforestunique.C．Therainforestfiresresultinseriousconsequences.D．Theglobalclimatecrisisbringsmorerainforestfires.15．Whichsectionofamagazinemightthispassageprobablybetakenfrom?A．Climateandlife.B．Natureandgeography.C．Humankindandsociety.D．Scienceandtechnology.【答案】12．A13．D14．C15．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雨林火灾造成严重的后果以及保护亚马逊雨林的紧急性。12．主旨大意题。根据第二段第三句“Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystembecauseitabsorbsheatinsteadofreflectingheatbackintotheatmosphere.”可知，广袤的雨林在世界生态系统中扮演着重要的角色，因为它吸收热量，而不是将热量反射回大气。再结合第二段内容可知，第二段主要讲亚马逊雨林的巨大作用。故选A项。13．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“WeestimatethattheforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonhavedecreasedsomethingbetween20and30percentcomparedtothelast12months”可知，CarlosNobre说：“我们估计巴西亚马逊河流域的森林面积比过去12个月减少了20%到30%”。再根据第三段最后一句中的“TheAmazonmustbeprotected”可推知，作者提到第四段中的数字是为了说明保护雨林的紧急性。故选D项。14．主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其最后一段“Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest,whosedegradation(恶化）couldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalclimateandrainfall.Theextentofthearearuinedbyfireshasyettobedetermined,buttheemergencyhasgonebeyondBrazil'sborders.”可知，巴西拥有大约60%的亚马逊雨林，其恶化可能对全球气候和降雨的后果严重。火灾毁坏的地区范围尚未确定，但紧急情况已经超出了巴西的边界。由此可推知，作者旨在告诉我们，雨林火灾造成严重的后果。故选C项。15．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“theywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity”和第二段中的“Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystem”并结合全文内容可知，本文讲述的是关于自然和地理的知识，所以本文最有可能摘自报纸的自然地理部分。故选B项。（2020届黑龙江省实验校高三第二次模拟）Areyouseekingajobtostartyourcareerinteaching?AreyouenthusiasticaboutteachingEnglish?Ifyes,wehaveaperfectroleforyou!ReedEducationTeachersisworkingwithgoodandoutstandingschoolsinWalthamForestthatarelookingforenthusiasticandexcellentEnglishteachers.Whatwillbeofferedtoyou:●Supportindevelopingwithinanoutstandingschool;●Anoutstandingworkingenvironment;●Opportunitiesandsupportforpersonaldevelopment;●Opportunitiesforrapiddevelopmentwithintheschool;●Competitiveandnegotiablestartingsalaries;●Rapid,freeandall-sidedsupport;●Professionalinsightintotherightschoolsforyoutobeginyourteachingcareer;●Continuedprofessionaldevelopment;●Additionalbenefitsavailable.Youwillbe:●TeachingKS3/4English;●SupportedfromtheHeadofEnglishintoteachingKS5English;●EncouragingandhelpingstudentsdeveloptheirEnglishspeaking,writingandreading;●Organized,abletodoseveraltasksatthesametimeandhaveenthusiasmforwork;●Abletobuildacloserelationshipwithcolleaguesandworkwithinateameffectively;●ReportingtotheHeadofDepartmentevery15days;●Supportingtheideas,principlesandvaluesoftheschool.Theschools:●JudgedbyOfsted(英国教育标准局）asoutstandingschools;●Excellentfame;●Focusonachievementsandrapidlygrowing;●Enthusiasticaboutsupportingnewstaffintheircareermove;●Friendlyandsupportivestaffs.Interested?Applytoday!Youwillbecontactedbymarketa.juggapah@ifselectedbyus.ReedEducationStratford-wearedevotedtohelpingchildrenandyoungpeopledevelop.Throughourcommunicationwithourschools,wecanhighlighttheirneedsandrespondtothemwiththebeststaffpossible.Asateacher,youwillbenefitfromhavingyourownpersonalconsultanttoworkwith,whichiswherewedifferfrommostagencies.Let'sworktogethertofindtheperfectroleforyou.1．ForwhatpurposedoesReedEducationTeachersmaketheadvertisement?A．Toattractsometopstudents.B．TolookforsomeexcellentEnglishteachers.C．TooffersomeEnglishcoursesfreeofcharge.D．Toraisesomemoneytosetupsomeoutstandingschools.2．Peoplewhogetthejobmust_A．haveteamspiritB．becompetitiveinallfieldsC．adjusttotherulesoftheschoolquicklyD．beabletoworkinahigh-pressureenvironment3．GoodandoutstandingschoolsinWalthamForestA．haveverystrictrulesB．offerahighsalaryfortheirstaffC．focusmoreonstudents'developmentD．helpthenewteachersdevelopbetter【答案】1．B2．A3．D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是ReedEducationTeachers发布的一则招聘英语教师广告。文章介绍了学校将为聘用的教师提供什么，教师的职责，对招聘教师的学校的介绍。1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的ReedEducationTeachersisworkingwithgoodandoutstandingschoolsinWalthamForestthatarelookingforenthusiasticandexcellentEnglishteachers.(ReedEducationTeachers正在与WalthamForest的优秀学校合作，寻找热情又优秀的英语教师。)可知ReedEducationTeachers做这个广告的目的是寻找一些优秀的英语教师。故选B项。2．细节理解题。根据“Youwillbe:”段中的Abletobuildacloserelationshipwithcolleaguesandworkwithinateameffectively(能够与同事建立密切关系，并在团队内有效工作)可知得到这份工作的人必须有团队精神。故选A项。3．细节理解题。根据第一段中的ReedEducationTeachersisworkingwithgoodandoutstandingschoolsinWalthamForest(ReedEducationTeachers正在与WalthamForest的优秀学校合作)可知此则广告中的“Theschools”指的是WalthamForest的优秀学校。再根据“Theschools:”段中的Enthusiasticaboutsupportingnewstaffintheircareermove(积极支持新员工的职业发展)可知WalthamForest的优秀学校帮助新教师更好地发展。故选D项。（2020届黑龙江省实验校高三第二次模拟）OnJanuary12,afewdaysafterregistrationforthecourseofPsychologyandtheGoodLife,roughly300peoplehadsignedup.Withinthreedays,thefigurehadmorethandoubled.Afterthreemoredays,about1,200students,ornearlyone-fourthofYaleundergraduates,wereenrolled.Thecourse,taughtbyLaurieSantos,42,apsychologyprofessorandtheheadofoneofYale'sresidentialcolleges,triestoteachstudentshowtoleadahappier,moresatisfyinglifeintwice-weeklylectures.＂Studentswanttochange,tobehappierthemselves,andtochangetheculturehereoncampus,"Dr,Santossaidinaninterview."WithoneinfourstudentsatYaletakingit,ifweseegoodhabits,thingslikestudentsshowingmoregratitude,delayingless,increasingsocialconnections,we'reactuallyseeingchangeintheschool'sculture."Dr.SantosdiscoveredthatYalestudentsareinterestedintheclassbecause,inhighschool,theyhadtogiveuptheirhappinesstogainadmissiontotheschool,adoptingharmfullifehabitsthathaveledtowhatshecalled"thementalhealthcriseswe'reseeingatplaceslikeYale."A2013reportbytheYaleCollegeCouncilfoundthatmorethanhalfofundergraduatessoughtmentalhealthcarefromtheuniversityduringtheirtimethere.＂Inreality,alotofusareanxious,stressedandunhappy,"saidAlannahMaynez,19,afreshmantakingthecourse."Thefactthataclasslikethishassuchlargeinterestspeakstohowmuchstudentsnumbtheiremotions-bothpositiveandnegative-sotheycanonlyfocusontheirwork,thenextstepandthenextaccomplishment."StudentshavelongrequestedthatYaleofferacourseonpositivepsychology,accordingtoWoo-Ky-oungAhn,directorofundergraduatestudiesinpsychology,whosaidshewas"blownaway"byDr.Santos'sproposalfortheclass.AdministratorslikeFr.Ahnexpectedsignificantenrollmentfortheclass,butnoneanticipateditbeingquitesolarge.PsychologyandtheGoodLife,with1,182undergraduatescurrentlyenrolled,standsasthemostpopularcourseinYale's316-yearhistory.Thepreviousrecord-holder-PsychologyandtheLaw-wasofferedin1992andhadabout1,050students,accordingtoMarvinChun,theYaleCollegedean.MostlargelecturesatYaledon'texceed600.4．Whatisthepurposeofthecourse?A．Tomakestudentslearntoshowthanks.B．Tochangethecultureofthecampus.C．Toincreasestudents'socialconnections.D．Toteachstudentshowtobecomehappier.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"numb"inthefifthparagraphmean?A．Unabletoexpress.B．Managingtoletout.C．Willingtoshare.D．Failingtocontrol.6．Whatcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraph?A．Studentsareinterestedinthecourse.B．Studentssufferedfrommentalproblemsbefore.C．Studentshavechangedgreatlyafterthecourse.D．Studentspaymuchattentiontotheirperformances.7．What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Mentalproblemsofundergraduates.B．Afamousprofessor-LaurieSantos.C．Yale'smostpopularcourseinhistory.D．Howtoteachcollegestudentstobehappy.【答案】4．D5．A6．B7．C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了耶鲁一所大学42岁的心理学教授LaurieSantos试图通过每周两次的课程讲座PsychologyandtheGoodLife，教授学生如何过上更快乐、更满足的生活，而且<PsychologyandtheGoodLife>成为耶鲁这所大学历史上最受欢迎的课程。4．细节理解题。由文章的第2段中“Thecourse,taughtbyLaurieSantos,42,apsychologyprofessorandtheheadofoneofYale'sresidentialcolleges,triestoteachstudentshowtoleadahappier,moresatisfyinglifeintwice-weeklylectures.这门由42岁心理学教授，也是耶鲁一所大学的校长，试图通过每周两次的讲座教授学生如何更快乐、更满足的生活。”可知课程设置的目的是引导学生更开心更满意。故选D项。5．词句猜测题。由该句“Thefactthataclasslikethishassuchlargeinterestspeakstohowmuchstudentsnumbtheiremotions-bothpositiveandnegative-sotheycanonlyfocusontheirwork,thenextstepandthenextaccomplishment.事实上这样的课程引起学生这么大的兴趣，说明学生非常厌倦麻木自己的情绪—无论是积极的还是消极的—学生麻木自己的情绪是为了把注意力放在学业上，放在下一个任务上，放在下一个成就上。”可知，学生的情绪已经麻木。故numb的意思为麻木的，即无法宣泄自己的情绪。故选A项。6．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“Dr.SantosdiscoveredthatYalestudentsareinterestedintheclassbecause,inhighschool,theyhadtogiveuptheirhappinesstogain