南航专业英语(复试 )

3/3南航专业英语(复试)机械工程材料Themechanicalengineeringmaterial

晶体crystal非晶体noncrystal晶胞structurecell

晶格常数latticeconstant晶格lattice（空间点阵spacelattice）

金属键metallicbond体心立方晶格bodycenteredcubiclattice

面心立方晶格facecenteredcubiclattice密排六方晶格close-packedhexagonallattice

组元constituent合金alloy相phase固溶体solidsolution

置换固溶体substitutionalsolidsolutio间隙固溶体interstitialsolidsolution有限固溶体limitedsolidsolution无限固溶体Infinitesolidsolution

固溶强化Solidsolutionstrengthening中间相Mesophase

金属间化合物Intermetalliccompound

合金系Alloysystem相图Phasediagram自由度Degreesoffreedom相律Phaserule匀晶相图Isomorphousphasediagram

平衡结晶Equilibriumcrystallization二元相图Binaryphasediagram

杠杆定律Leverage'slaw枝晶偏析Dendriticsegregation

共晶合金Eutecticalloy呀共晶合金Hypoeutecticalloy

伪共晶Pseudo–eutectic比重偏析Gravitysegregation

质量分数Massfraction包晶相图Peritecticphasediagram

二元系合金相图BinaryAlloyPhaseDiagram相图分析PhaseDiagramAnalysis共晶转变Eutectictransformation共析转变Eutectoidtransformation

偏晶转变Monotectic熔晶转变Meltingcrystallinetransition

包晶转变Peritectic包析转变Peritectoidtransition

合晶转变Symplectitetransition

第三章

铁碳合金Iron-carbonalloy纯铁Pureiron渗碳体Cementite

抗拉强度Tensilestrength屈服强度Yieldstrength伸长率Elongation

断面收缩率Sectionshrinkage冲击韧度Impacttoughness硬度Hardness塑性Plastic韧性Toughness强度Strength

间隙化合物Gapcompounds同素异构转变Allotropictransformation

机械混合物Mechanicalmixture工业纯铁Industrialpureiron

碳钢Carbonsteel共析钢Eutectoidsteel过共析钢Hypereutectoidsteel亚共析钢Hypoeutectoidsteel白口铸铁Whitecastiron

共晶白口铸铁Eutecticwhitecastiron亚共晶白口Hypoeutecticwhitecastiron过共晶白口铸铁Hypereutecticwhitecastiron一次渗碳体Oncecementite二次渗碳体Secondarycementite三次渗碳体Threecementite

魏氏体Widmanstatten低碳钢Lowcarbonsteel中碳钢Mediumcarbonsteel中高碳钢HighCarbonSteel高碳钢High-carbonsteel铸造casting

锻造forging冲击载荷Impactload铸钢Caststeel牌号brand

成分composition缩孔Shrinkagecavity缩松shrinkage弹性Theelastic耐磨性Resistancetowear锰manganese硅silicon硫sulfur

磷phosphoru热脆hotshortness冷脆coldshortness氢脆hydrogenbrittleness

沸腾钢rimmingsteel镇静钢killedsteel半镇静钢Semi-killedsteel

碳素结构钢structuralcarbonsteel碳素工具钢plaincarbontoolsteel

优质碳素结构钢improvedcarbonstructuralsteel

第四章

弹性变形Elasticdeformation塑性变形Plasticdeformation断裂Fracture应力Stress应变Strain

弹性模量Elasticmodulus弹性极限Elasticlimit

滑移Slippage滑移带Slipbands滑移线Slipline

滑移系Slipsystems位错机制Dislocationmechanism纤维组织Fibroustissue加工硬化Workhardening

织构Texture制耳Earing回复recovery

再结晶Recrystallization晶粒长大graingrowth

热加工Thermalprocessing冷加工Coldworking

冷塑性coldplasticity热轧hotrolling

流线streamline

钢的热处理Heattreatmentofthesteel热处理Heattreatment

保温holding加热heating冷却cooling

热处理强化Heattreatmenttostrengthen回火Tempering

退火Annealing正火Normalizing淬火Quench

表面热处理Surfaceheattreatment

表面淬火Surfacehardening化学热处Chemicalheattreatment感应加热Inductionheating火焰加热Flameheating

渗碳carburizing渗氮Nitriding碳氮共渗Carbonitriding

过冷奥氏体undercooledaustenite索氏体Sorbite

托氏体Troostite贝氏体Bainite马氏体Martensite

上贝氏体Upperbainite下贝氏体Lowerbainite

片状马氏体Platemartensite板条马氏体Lathmartensite

均匀化退火Homogenizing完全退火fullannealing

球化退火spheroidizingannealin去应力退火stressreliefannealing等温退火isothermalannealing网状组织networkstructure

淬透性hardenability淬硬性hardeningcapacity

回火脆性temperbrittleness等温淬火isothermalquenching

低温回火脆性lowtemperaturetemperembrittlement

高温回火脆性Hightemperaturetemperbrittleness

第一/二类回火脆性typeⅠ/IItemperbrittleness

铬chromium镍nickel钼molybdenum钨tungsten

钒vanadium钛titanium铌niobium钴cobalt

稀土元素rareearthelement(REE)合金铁素体Alloyferrite

回火稳定性temperresistance二次硬化secondaryhardening低合金高强度钢high-strengthlowalloysteel

易切削钢freemachiningsteel渗碳钢carburizingsteel

渗氮钢nitridingsteel调质钢quenchedandtemperedsteel

弹簧钢Springsteels滚动轴承钢rollingbearingsteel

合金工具钢alloytoolsteel刃具钢cutlerysteel

碳素工具钢carbontoolsteel合金刃具钢Alloytoolsteel

高速钢highspeedsteel模具钢diesteel

冷作模具钢coldworkdiesteel热作模具钢hotworkdiesteel量具钢Measuringsteel特殊性能钢specialpropertysteel

不锈钢stainlesssteel铁素体型不锈钢ferriticstainlesssteel

马氏体不锈钢martensiticstainlesssteel

奥氏体不锈钢austeniticstainlesssteel

固溶处理solutiontreatment稳定化处理stabilizingtreatment

奥氏体-铁素体双相不锈钢ferrite-austeniteduplexstainlesssteel

双相钢dual-phasesteel耐热钢heat-resistantsteel

珠光体（马氏体/贝氏体/奥氏体）耐热钢Pearliticheatresistantsteel耐磨钢abrasion-resistantsteel硬质合金ementedcarbide

铸铁castiron石墨化graphitization石墨graphite

灰铸铁greycastiron可锻铸铁malleablecastiron

球墨铸铁nodularcastiron等温淬火isothermalquenching

耐磨铸铁wearresistingcastiron

耐热铸铁Heatresistantcastiron

第八章

工业纯铝commercialpurityaluminum防锈铝Antirustaluminum铸造铝合castaluminiumalloy硬铝合金hardaluminumalloys变形铝合金deformingaluminiumalloy锻铝forgingaluminiumalloy超硬铝合金superhardaluminumalloys

固溶强化solutionstrengthening时效强化ageingstrengthening黄铜brass青铜bronze

第九章

高分子材料poly