高中名词性从句精讲及练习

(圆满版)高中名词性从句精讲及练习(圆满版)高中名词性从句精讲及练习(圆满版)高中名词性从句精讲及练习第一章名性从句在句子中起名作用的句子叫名性从句(NounClauses）。名性从句的功能相当于名,中能担当主、、表、同位、介等，所以依据它在句中不一样样的法功能，名从句又可分称主从句、从句、表从句和同位从句。一．主从句主从句是在主句中作主的句子，它由接引，平常位于以前。

它在复合句1.：在从句中不充任任何成分，常用的引主从句的有三个，即that,whether和if.Thathegotthefirstprizeexcitedhimmuch.他得一等一事使他特别。Whetheryoucansucceedornotdependsonhowhardyouworkatit.你能否功取决于你努力的程度。注意：whether引的主从句常用置于句首，表示“能否”之意；if引主从句不置于句首。接代：在从句中起名或代的作用，常作从句的主、、表或定，有详细意且不可以够省略。常的接代有who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever.Whatweshoulddowiththeproblemisundecided.我怎样理上未作出决定。接副：在从句中起副的作用，常作从句的状，表示、地点、原由、方式等。常的接副有when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however等。Howtheywillsolvetheseriousproblemhasnotbeendecided.他将怎样解决个重的没有决定。Whyhedidthatwasn’tquiteclear他.什么做那件事不十分清楚。it取代主从句作形式主that从句作主平常用it作形式主，而将that从句置于句末。常的有以下几种：(1)It＋系＋形容＋that从句Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.很清楚，整个划注定要失。(2)Itis＋系＋名＋that从句常的用于此构的名有：apity憾，afact事，anhonor光荣，awonder奇景，nowonder怪,goodnews好信息，等。It’snowonderthatyou’veachievedsomuchsuccess怪你已.获得了这样大的成功。It’sapitythatyoudidn’tattend你her没有party参加.她的聚会真是憾。(3)It＋系＋去分＋that从句Itissaidthatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident.据在那次不测事故中没有乘客受。It＋特别＋that从句常用于种构的有：seem看上去，appear得，happen刚巧，matter关系重要，turnout果，occurtosb.某人忽然想起，等。Itseemstomethatheobjectstotheplan.在我看来，他忧如反个划。IthappenedthatImetanoldfriendonthestreetyesterday.昨天我刚巧在街上遇了一位老朋友。Itoccurredtomethatweshouldgetintouchwiththemanager.我忽然想起我与理系。主从句不可以位于句首的五种状况：1）if引的主从句不可以居于复合句句首。2）Itissaid/reported⋯构中的主从句不可以提早。比方：正确表达：ItissaidthatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweek.表达：ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid.（3）Ithappens/occurs⋯构中的主从句不可以提早。比方：正确表达：Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination.表达：Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.4）Itdoesn’tmatterhow/whether构⋯中的主从句不可以提早。比方：正确表达：Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.表达：Whetherheiswrongornotdoesn’tmatter.（5）含主从句的复合句是疑句，主从句不可以提早。比方：正确表达：Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?表达：Isthatwillrainintheeveninglikely?二．宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，平常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词今后。作动词的宾语(1)由that指引的宾语从句(that平常能够省略)Iheardthatbejoinedthearmy.我听闻他从军了。(2)由what,whether(if)指引的宾语从句Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.她不知道发生了什么。Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.我想知道你能否能帮我改一下笔录。动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.她对我说她会接受我的邀请。作介词的宾语Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。作形容词的宾语Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.我惟恐我已经犯了一个错误。注意：that指引的从句常跟在以下形容词后作宾语：anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,content等。也能够将此类词后的that从句的看作原由状语从句。it能够作为形式宾语it不只能够作为形式主语，还能够够作为形式宾语而真实的宾语that从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.我听闻她下个朋就会成婚了。5.后边不可以够直接跟that从句的动词这种动词有allow,refuse,let,like,cause,force,admire,condemn,celebrate,dislike,love,help,take,forgive等。这类词后能够用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以够够用that指引的宾语从句。如：正确表达：Iadmiretheirwinningthematch.错误表达：Iadmirethattheywonthematch.6.不可以用that从句作直接宾语的动词有些动词不可以用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“构造中，常有的有envy,order,accuse,refuse,impress,forgive,blame,denounce,advise,congratulate等。比方：正确表达：Heimpressedthemanagerasanhonestman.错误表达：Heimpressedthemanagerthathewasanhonestman.否认的转移若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，今后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否认词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用必定式。比方：Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我以为这件衣服不合适你穿。复杂的特别疑问句在某些宾语从句中，宾语从句的连结代词或连结副词常被移到主句以前，组成特别疑问形式，其组成为：Wh-/Howdoyou+vt.+宾语从句的其余部分?常有的用于此构造的动词有imagine,except,guess,say等。Whodoyouguesswillbeournewheadmaster?你猜谁会是我们的新校长HowdoyousupposetheywillgotoShanghai?你猜他们会乘坐什么去上海

?

?

think,

believe,consider,suppose,9.宾语从句中指引词that不可以省略的状况。(1).介词except,but,besides,in等后跟that指引的宾语从句时。TheSwedestoodquitestill,exceptthathislipsmovedslightly.那个瑞典人站着一动不动，但是嘴唇还轻轻在动。(2).that指引的宾语从句和主句之间有插入语时。Hesaid,inhisopinion,thatLeiFengwasagoodexampleofservingthepeopleheartandsoul.(3).

他说，在他看来，雷锋是一个一心一意为人民服务的好典范。有多个that指引的从句时，第一个that能够省略，而其余的

that

常不省略。Ithink(that)itwillclearupthisafternoonandthattheywillcometosaygoodbyetous.(4).

我以为今日下午会转晴，他们会来向我们告其余。当when,who,what,where,why,how等指引的从句与I’msurewherehelivesandthatheislivingahappylife.

that指引的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。我特别清楚他住在什么地方，并且他生活得很幸福。三.

表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语的从句，放在be,look,seem等系动词后。常用见的指引表语从句的连结词有that,whether,wh-词，as,asif/though,because等。1.that,whether指引表语从句that,whether指引表语从句时只起连结作用，不作任何成分；that无实义，whether意为“能否”。2.wh-词和because指引的表语从句。wh-词包含连结代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever和连结副when,where,why,wherever,whenever等，此类词大多表示疑问意义，有时表示陈说意义。Because指引的表语从句表示陈说意义。Thequestionishowwecanpersuadehimtogo.问题是我们怎样才能说服他去。That’sbecausehedidn’tunderstand那是me由于.他不理解我。3.as,asif,asthough指引的表语从句此类表语从句常用跟在特定动词后边，如

seem,appear,look,taste,sound,feel等。Ifeelasthoughthehouseisshaking.我感觉忧如房屋在晃动。4.reason作主语时的表语从句reason作主语时，其表语从句需用that指引，一般不用why或because指引。Thereasonforthecaraccidentisthatthedriverwasdrunk.此次交通事故是司机酒后驾驶致使的。.同位语从句同位语从句是用以讲解说明某一名词内容的从句。所以它老是跟在某一个名词的后边。该名词被称作先行词。同位语从句的连结词同位语从句的连结词主要有that,whether,why,who,where,how,when等。在同位语从句中that,whether不作成分，that无实质意义，whether表示“能否”；其余连结词拥有实义，同时在同位语从句中作必定成分。指引同位语从句的连结词一般都不省略。Thereportthathewasgoingtoresignwasfalse.他将离职的报导是假的。There’ssomedoubtwhetherJohnwillcomeontime.对约翰能否会准时到还有一些思疑。可跟同位语从句的名词不是全部的名词都能够跟同位语从句，常能够被同位语从句修饰的名词有：advice建议belief信念fact事实hope希望idea想法news信息opinion看法order命令promise誓言question问题reply回复report报导thought想法truth事实warning警示Theproblemwhytheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmerisstillunderdiscussion.地球为何变得愈来愈暧这一问题仍在讨论之中。同位语在句子中的地点同位语从句有时能够不紧跟在它所说明的名词后边，而是被其余词分开。HegotthenewsfromMarythatthesportsmeetingwasputoff.他从玛丽那里获知了运动会被推延的信息。同位语从句与定语从句的差别(1)定语从句中的that既取代先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连结主句与从句的作用，不充任句中任何成分。定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限制，描绘定的性质或特点；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行增补说明。1)ThenewsthathetoldmeisthatTomwouldgoabroadnextyear.（第一个that指引的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）

（他告诉我的信息是汤姆明年将出国。

）2)ThenewsthatTomwouldgoabroadistoldbyhim.

（汤姆将出国的信息是他讲的。

）（同位语从句，

that在句中不作任何成分）名词性从句练习一.选择题1._____somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.A.WhetherB.WhatC.ThatD.How2.Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyon____hegoeswith,whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why3.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof____mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.A.whyB.whatC.howD.which4.PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,was____iswasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether5.Itneveroccurredtome____youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.if6.Asanewgraduate,hedoesn’tknow____ittakestostartabusinesshere.A.howB.whatC.whenD.which7.Onereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis____shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurants.A.thatB.howC.whatD.why8.Iwanttobelikedandlovedfor____Iaminside.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.how9.-IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.-That’s____Idonree’.Youtagshouldhaveamoreactivelife.A.whereB.howC.whenD.what10.Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thave____wehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether11.-Haveyoufinishedthebook?-No,I’vereadupto____thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.A.whichB.whatC.hatD.where12.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew____shewassoangry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why13.Whenchanginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow____.A.heisenteringwhichlaneB.whichlaneheisenteringC.isheenteringwhichlaneD.whichlaneisheentering14.Wehaven’tdiscussedyet____wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where-It’snousehavingideasonly.-Don’tworry.Petercanshowyou____toturnanideaintoanact.A.howB.whoC.whatD.where16.Theprofessortriedtoshowusthroughhisexperiment______frombookscanbeusedinpractice.A.thatwehavelearnedB.howthatwehavelearnedC.howwhatwehavelearnedD.thathowwehavelearned17.Itleavesmeinnodoubt____scientistswillcomeupwithnewwaystoincreasetheworld’sfoodsupply.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.if18.Itisnolongeraquestionnow____mancanlandonthemoon.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what19.Severalyearslater,wordcame____Napoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspectsoldiers.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when20.Manyrepresentativeswereinfavorofhisproposalthataspecialcommittee____toinvestigatetheincident.A.weresetupB.wassetupC.besetupD.setup21.Theteacherwarned____wascaught____duringthetestwouldbepunished.A.thatwhoever;cheatingB.thatanyone;beingcheatedC.anyonewho;tocheatD.theperson;tobecheatingTraditionaleducationtaughtpeopletobelieve____beingintelligentmeantrememberinginformati