法律题材翻译课件

第六章法律题材翻译第六章法律题材翻译1法律题材文本特点法律英语的词汇特征一、古英语和中世纪英语二、拉丁语和法语三、法律术语和行话四、具有法律意义的常用词五、同义词或近义词的并列六、准确性词语和模糊性词语七、情态动词法律题材文本特点法律英语的词汇特征2古英语词语aforementionedforegoingherebyhereinheretonotwithstandingpursuanttosaiththereoftowitwherefore前述的前述的特此于此处至此尽管根据说（第三人称单数现在时）其即为何，因此古英语词语3拉丁语alibibonafideexpartehabeascorpusinreinteralialexforipercapitaperseprimafaciequorumultraviresversus不在犯罪现场善意单方人身保护令有关…事宜在其他事项中法院地法人均本身初步的，表面的法定人数越权行为诉，对拉丁语4法语easementforcemajeurelachesliensuittorttrespass地役权不可抗力疏忽延误留置权诉讼侵权侵犯、闯入私人领地法语5常见的法律术语clause 条款decree 法令draft 法案，草案lawenforcement 法律的实施legislation 立法offender 罪犯specificperformance实际履行will 遗嘱常见的法律术语clause6常见的法律行话alleged 被指控的causeofaction 诉由damages 赔偿金dayincourt 出庭日dueprocessoflaw法律正当程序issueoffact 事实上的争论点issueoflaw 法律上的争论点legalfiction 法律拟制materialevidence 关键证据pleabargain 辩诉交易（认罪求情协议）reasonabledoubt 合理怀疑reasonableman 正常的人subrogation 代位权withoutprejudice 不使合法权利受到损害常见的法律行话7具有法律意义的常用词常用词actionbriefconstructionfindingmotionpracticesecurityservice一般意义行动简短的，简洁的建设发现运动练习，实践安全服务法律意义诉讼案情说明书（法律）解释判决，裁定动议诉讼程序，诉讼实务抵押品，担保品送达（传票）具有法律意义的常用词常用词一般意义法律意义8同义词或近义词的并列acknowledgeandconfessauthorize,directandempowerbusiness,enterpriseandundertakingbyandwithcancel,annulandsetasideceaseandcometoanendceaseandterminatefinalandconclusiveforandonbehalfofgiveandgranthave,holdandpossesslastwillandtestamentmentionedorreferredtomodifiedandchangedobey,observeandcomplywithright,titleandinterestsaveandexcepttrueandcorrectvoidandofnoeffectwithinandunderthetermsof同义词或近义词的并列acknowledgeandcon9准确性词语alleachandeveryimpossibleirrevocablenevernoneunavoidablewhereverwhoever

所有的每一个不可能不可撤消永远不没有无法避免任何地方任何人准确性词语all所有的10模糊性词语adequatedueprocessexcessiveimproperreasonablespeedrelatedsufficientunreasonable

适当的正当程序额外的不适当的合理的速度相关的足够的不合理的模糊性词语adequate适当的11情态动词may旨在约定当事人的权利（可以做什么）shall约定当事人的义务（应当做什么）maynot（或shallnot）用于禁止性义务（不得做什么）

情态动词may旨在约定当事人的权利（可以做什么）12法律英语的句式特征陈述句完整句被动句长句法律英语的句式特征陈述句13陈述句Whoevercommitsarson,breachesadike,causesexplosion,spreadspoisonorusesotherdangerousmeanstosabotageanyfactory,mine,oilfield,harbor,river,watersource,warehouse,house,forest,farm,threshinggrounds,pasture,keypipeline,publicbuildingoranyotherpublicorprivateproperty,therebyendangeringpublicsecuritybutcausingnoseriousconsequences,shallbesentencedtofixed-termimprisonmentofnotlessthanthreeyearsbutnotmorethantenyears.陈述句Whoevercommitsarson,bre14完整句IntheContract（ashereinafterdefined）thefollowingwordsandexpressionsshallhavethemeaningsherebyassignedtothem,exceptwherethecontextotherwiserequires:1.1"Employer"meansthepersonnamedassuchinthiscontractandthelegalsuccessorsintitletosuchperson,butnot（exceptwiththeconsentoftheContractor）anyassigneeofsuchperson.1.2"Contractor"meansthepersonwhosetenderhasbeenacceptedbytheEmployerandthelegalsuccessorsintitletosuchpersonbutnot（exceptwiththeconsentoftheEmployer）anyassigneeofsuchperson.1.3"Subcontractor"meansanypersonnamedintheContractasaSubcontractorforapartoftheWorksoranypersontowhomapartoftheWorkshasbeensubcontractedwiththeconsentoftheEngineerandthelegalsuccessorsintitletosuchperson,butnotanyassigneeofanysuchperson.…完整句IntheContract（ashereina15被动句Thevalidityofanarbitrationclauseoranarbitrationagreementshallnotbeaffectedbythemodification，rescission，termination，invalidity，revocationornon-existenceofthecontract.Adequatefoodandrefreshmentwillbesuppliedfree.Youarenotentitledtoreceivefromoutsideanythingexceptthebasicnecessitiesofclothing.Howeveryoumay,ifyourequest,bepermittedatyourownexpensetohavefoodfromoutsidetobebroughttoyousubjecttoinspection.被动句Thevalidityofanarbitra16长句Thecontextforthepurposeoftheinterpretationofatreatyshallcompriseinadditiontothetext，includingitspreambleandannexes；（a）anyagreementrelatingtothetreatywhichwasmadebetweenallthepartiesinconnectionwiththeconclusionofthetreaty；（b）anyinstrumentwhichwasmadebyoneormorepartiesinconnectionwiththeconclusionofthetreatyandacceptedbytheotherpartiesasaninstrumentrelatedtothetreaty.长句Thecontextforthepurpose17法律英语的篇章特征程式化规范化法律英语的篇章特征程式化18法律英语文本的翻译信、达、雅vs.忠实直译法vs.诠释法法律英语文本的翻译信、达、雅vs.忠实19词的翻译准确性同一性词的翻译准确性20英翻中：把握准确性专业用语的翻译复合副词的翻译配对词和三连词的翻译模糊用语的翻译英翻中：把握准确性专业用语的翻译21专业用语的翻译例1：TheDirectorsmayexerciseallthepowersoftheCompanytoborrowmoneyandtomortgageorchargeitsundertaking,propertyanduncalledcapital，oranypartthereof，andsubjecttoSection80oftheCompanyAct,toissueandcreatemortgages,charges,memorandaofdeposits,debentures,debenturestockandothersecuritieswhetheroutrightorassecurityforanydebts,liabilityorobligationoftheCompanyoranythirdparty．uncalledcapital是“未收资本”，mortgage是“按揭”，charge是“抵押”，memorandumofdeposit是“存放单”，debenture是“债券”，debenturestock是“公司债券”，securities是“证券”。专业用语的翻译例1：TheDirectorsmayex22复合副词的翻译Attachmentsthereofshallbemadeanintegralpartofthiscontract.(hereof指ofthiscontract)Theserulesshallapplytoallvesselsuponthehighseasandinallwatersconnectedtherewithnavigablebyseagoingvessel.（therewith指withthehighseas）NOWTHEREFOREforgoodandvaluableconsideration,thePartiesherebymutuallyagreetothefollowingtermsandconditionswherebyRecipientwillholdinconfidenceSupplier’sconfidentialandproprietaryinformationwhichhasbeenorwillbedisclosedtoRecipient.（whereby即bywhich，指bythefollowingtermsandconditions）复合副词的翻译Attachmentsthereofsha23配对词和三连词的翻译完全同义词ThisagreementismadeandenteredintobyandbetweenPartyAandPartyB.译文：甲方与乙方达成并签订本合同。部分同义词例7：THEREFORE,inviewoftheforegoingpremisesandconsiderationofthemutualcovenantsandundertakingshereinafterprovided,thepartiesheretoagreeasfollows:译文：鉴于上述前提以及双方就下列事项进行的约定和承诺，双方约定如下：配对词和三连词的翻译完全同义词24模糊用语的翻译模糊词对模糊词Ifasentenceofimprisonmentisimposed,therearelimitsonthetermofimprisonment—notmorethansixmonthsorlessthanthreeyears.译文：如对之做出徒刑判决，其刑期也有限制——或不超过六个月或少于三年。模糊词对具体词PartyAisacompanydulyorganized,validlyexistingandingoodstandingasalegalpersonunderthelawsofthePRC.译文：甲方是依据中华人民共和国法律正式成立、有效存续和资格完备的法人公司。模糊用语的翻译模糊词对模糊词25中翻英：体现专业性专业用语的使用正式用语的使用同义词的选择中翻英：体现专业性专业用语的使用26专业用语的使用“不可抗力”翻译成“forcemajeure”或“actofGod”“不动产转让”译成“conveyance”“停业”是“windupabusiness”或“ceaseabusiness”“实际履行”为“specificperformance”“援引”是“invoke”专业用语的使用“不可抗力”翻译成“forcemajeu27正式用语的使用“因为”的短语多用“byvirtueof”，远远多于“dueto”，一般不用“becauseof”；“财政年度末”一般用“atthecloseofthefiscalyear”，而不用“intheendofthefiscalyear”；“在……之前”一般用“priorto”，而不用“before”；“关于”常用“withregardto”,“concerning”或“relatingto”，而不会用“about”；“开始”用“commence”，而不用“start”或“begin”；“停止做”用“ceasetodo”，而不用“stoptodo”；“其他事项”用“miscellaneous”,而不用“othermatters/events”；“理解合同”用“construeacontract”“comprehendacontract”，而不用“understandacontract”；“认为”用“deem”,较少使用“consider”,不用“think”或“believe”；“愿意做”用“intendtodo”或“desiretodo”,而不用“wanttodo”,“wishtodo”；“鉴于”用“whereas”，而基本不用“giventhefactthat”；“根据”用“pursuantto”或“inaccordancewith”,而不用“accordingto”。正式用语的使用“因为”的短语多用“byvirtueof28同义词的选择mortgage,hypothecate,pledge,lien,securityThecarriershallhavealienonthegoodsforfreight,deadfreight,demurrageandanyotheramountpayablebythecargo.译文：承运人得因未付运费、空舱费、逾期费和其它一切有关货物的款额而对货物行使留置权。他用房子作抵押向银行借款译文：Heraisedamortgageonahousefromabank.同义词的选择mortgage,hypothecate,29句的翻译英翻中：注重可读性中翻英：蕴含庄重性句的翻译英翻中：注重可读性30英翻中：注重可读性增补和省略语态调整语序调整长句拆分英翻中：注重可读性增补和省略31增补和省略Civilactionsgenerallyarebroughtforbreachofacontract,orforawrongortort.译文：一般来说，当事人都是因为对方违约、违法或侵权而对其提起民事诉讼的。例2：TheformationofthisContract,itsvalidity,interpretation,executionandsettlementofdisputesinconnectionherewithshallbegovernedbythelawsofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(“PRC”),butintheeventthatthereisnopublishedandpubliclyavailablelawinthePRCgoverningaparticularmatterrelatingtothisContract,referenceshallbemadetogeneralinternationalcommercialpractices.译文：本合同的订立、效力、解释、执行及合同争议的解决，均受中华人民共和国（“中国”）法律管辖。中国颁布的法律对本合同相关的某一事项未作规定的，参照国际商业惯例。增补和省略Civilactionsgenerally32语态调整Criminallawisenforcedonbehalfofthestate.译文：刑法由国家强制执行。AfterCompletion,theVendorshallnotinanywayholditselfoutorpermititselftobeheldoutasbeinginterestedin,orinanywayconnectedwith,theCompany.译文：交易完成后，卖方不得自称，也不得允许他人宣称卖方在公司中拥有权益或与公司有任何关联。Courtsarediscouragedfrompassingsentencesofimprisonmentonoffendersunder18yearsofage.译文：不鼓励法院对未满18岁的罪犯作出徒刑判决。语态调整Criminallawisenforcedo33语序调整SubjecttotheprovisionofArticle12，theGeneralAssemblymayrecommendmeasuresforthepeacefuladjustmentofanysituation，regardlessoforigin，whichitdeemslikelytoimpairthegeneralwelfareorfriendlyrelationsamongnations，includingsituationsresultingfromaviolationoftheprovisionofthepresentchartersettingforththePurposesandPrinciplesoftheUnitedNations.译文：大会对于其所认为足以妨害国际间公共福利或友好关系之任何情势，不论其起源如何，包括由违反本宪章所述联合国宗旨及原则之规定而起之情势，可以建议和平调整方法，但以不违背第十二条之规定为限。语序调整Subjecttotheprovision34长句拆分AnyincometaxonincomeearnedbyconsultantwithinthePRCpursuanttothiscontractandsubjecttotaxationaccordingtotheIncometaxLawofthePRCConcerningEnterpriseswithForeignInvestmentandForeignEnterprisesandotherrelevantlawsandregulationsshallpaidbyConsultant.译文一：顾问就按本合同在中国境内赚取的所得并按《中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法》和其他有关的法律法规而被征收的任何所得税应由顾问支付。译文二：顾问按本合同在中国境内赚取的所得，按《中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法》以及其他法律法规须纳税的，应由顾问缴纳所得税。长句拆分Anyincometaxonincomee35中翻英：蕴含庄重性使用固定句式使用插入结构短语替代从句中翻英：蕴含庄重性使用固定句式36使用固定句式根据under,inaccordancewith,subjectto,pursuantto,asprovidedin该报盘以贵公司的接受于十月十五日以前到达敝公司为准。译文：TheofferissubjecttoyouracceptancereachingusbeforeOctober15th.根据《行政程序法》可得到司法复审。译文：JudicialreviewisavailablepursuanttotheAdministrativeProcedureAct.使用固定句式根据under,inaccordanc37在不损害……的情况下withoutprejudiceto此类措施不得损害各成员在GATT1994项下的权利和义务。译文：SuchactionsshallbewithoutprejudicetotherightsandobligationsofMembersunderGATT1994.在不损害……的情况下withoutprejudic38有权做havetherighttodo,beentitledto,maydo,beauthorizedtodo,reservetherighttodo人民代表大会代表有权向国家机关提出质询。译文：DeputiestothePeople'sCongresseshavetherighttoaddressinquiriestostateorgans.妇女有权享有产假。译文：Womenareentitledtomaternityleave.有权做havetherighttodo,bee39有义务，有责任做havetheobligationtodo,shall/willdo,beobligedto,undertheobligationstodo,shallbeliabletodo,shallbeliablefor托运人应当如实填报托运单。译文：SHIPPERshalltruthfullyfillinthegoodsconsignmentnote.银行在其营业时间外，无接受提交单据的义务。译文：Banksareundernoobligationtoacceptpresentationofdocumentsoutsidetheirbankinghours.运输公司将对损坏负责。译文：Theshippingcompanywillbeliableforthedamage有义务，有责任做havetheobligationt40另有规定的除外/如无另行规定unlessotherwiseprovided/stipulated/stated,exceptasotherwiseprovided除本法另有规定外，香港特别行政区立法会对法案和议案的表决采取下列程序:译文：UnlessotherwiseprovidedforinthisLaw,theLegislativeCouncilshalladoptthefollowingproceduresforvotingonbillsandmotions:除另有明确约定外，本协议和根据本协议进行的仲裁应适用中华人民共和国法律。译文：Exceptasotherwiseexpresslyprovided,thelawofthePeople'sRepublicofChinashallapplytothisAgreementandtothearbitrationconductedunderthisAgreement.另有规定的除外/如无另行规定unlessotherwise41……的whoever，anyonewho具有下列条件之一的，可以参加执业医师资格考试。译文：Whoevermeetsoneofthefollowingrequirementsmaytaketheexaminationsforthequalificationsofalicenseddoctor.具有高等学校医学专科或者中等专业学校医学专业学历，在执业医师指导下，在医疗、预防、保健机构中试用期满1年的，可以参加执业助理医师资格考试。译文：Anyonewhohasreachedthelevelofagraduatefromthefacultyofmedicineofauniversityorapolytechnicschooland，undertheguidanceofalicenseddoctor，workedonprobationforatleastoneyearinthemedicaltreatment，disease-preventionorhealthcareinstitutionmaytaketheexaminationsforthequalificationsofanassistantdoctor.

……的whoever，anyonewho42在……前提下providedthat在不会对调查的进行或执法构成不合理延迟或阻碍的前提下，你可与一名法律顾问通讯和商议。译文：Providedthatnounreasonabledelayorhindranceiscausedtotheprocessesofinvestigationortheadministrationofjusticeyoumaycommunicateandconsultwithalegaladviser.在……前提下providedthat43如果if,intheeventthat,incaseof,where,should发生下列情况之一的，甲方得终止本契约。译文：IntheeventtheEmployeeisfoundtohaveviolatedanyofthefollowings,theEmployermayterminatethiscontract.延长工作时间在两小时以内者，按平日每小时工资加给三分之一。译文：Wheretheovertimedoesnotexceed2hours,theEmployeeshallbepaidinadditiontohisregularhourlywage,anadditional1/3ofregularhourlyrate.如果这是份可转移的信用证并且需要我们的授权才会使之生效，请注意我们没有这样的义务。译文：Shouldthisbeatransferablecreditandshouldwebeauthorizedtoeffectsuchtransfer,pleasenotethatweareundernoobligationtodoso.如果if,intheeventthat,in44一……就……uponsth.领养令一经作出,有关幼年人的父母或监护人所具有的关于该幼年人日后的管养、赡养和教育方面的一切权利、职责、义务和法律责任均告终绝。译文：Uponanadoptionorderbeingmade,allrights,duties,obligationsandliabilitiesoftheparentsorguardiansoftheinfantinrelationtothefuturecustody,maintenanceandeducationoftheinfantshallbeextinguished.一……就……uponsth.45使用插入结构申请人应自接到主管机关批准通知后30日内办理工商登记手续。译文：Applicantswithin30daysuponreceiptofnoticeofapprovalfromrelevantcompetentauthority,shallgothroughindustrialandcommercialregistration.如果当事人一方收到按照第一款提出的建议后三十天内未能遴选独任仲裁员达成协议，则应由当事人所约定的指定机关指定独任仲裁员。译文：If,withinthirtydaysafterreceiptbyapartyofaproposalmadeinaccordancewithparagraph1,thepartieshavenotreachedagreementonthechoiceofasolearbitrator,thesolearbitratorshallbeappointedbytheappointingauthorityagreeduponbytheparties.要约可以撤回。撤回要约的通知应当在要约到达受要约人之前或者与要约同时到达受要约人。译文：Theoffermaybewithdrawn,if,beforeoratthesametimewhenanofferarrives,thewithdrawalnoticereachestheofferee.使用插入结构申请人应自接到主管机关批准通知后30日内办理工商46短语替代从句任何违反本款规定试图转让股份的行为均归于无效。译文一：AnyconductwhichattemptstoassignthesharesandviolatestheprovisionsofthisSectionshallbevoid.译文二：AnyattemptedassignmentofthesharesinviolationoftheprovisionsofthisSectionshallbevoid.合营企业如发生严重亏损、一方不履行合同和章程规定的义务、不可抗力等，经合营各方协商同意，报请审查批准机关批准、并向国家工商行政管理主管部门登记，可终止合同。译文：Incaseofheavylosses,failureofapartytoperformitsobligationsunderthecontractandthearticlesofassociation,orforcemajeureetc.,thepartiestothejointventuremayterminatethecontractthroughtheirconsultationandagreement,subjecttoapprovalbytheexaminationandapprovalauthoritiesandtoregistrationwiththestate’scompetentdepartmentinchargeofindustryandcommerceadministration.短语替代从句任何违反本款规定试图转让股份的行为均归于无效。47篇章的翻译衔接代词的使用语言的时代性篇章的翻译衔接48翻译训练公司章程合同和协议书公证书翻译训练公司章程49公司章程limitedliabilitycompany有限责任公司joint-stocklimitedcompany/Co.Ltd.股份有限公司one-personlimitedliabilitycompany一人公司whollystate-ownedcompany国有独资公司commonstock/share普通股preferentialstock/share优先股issueandtransferofshares股份的发行和转让companybonds公司债券shareholder股东director董事president/chairmanoftheboard董事长generalmanager总经理supervisor监事boardofdirectors董事会generalmeetingofshareholders股东会公司章程limitedliabilitycompany50合同和协议书合同vs.协议销售协议雇佣合同合同和协议书合同vs.协议51销售合同titleornameanddomicileoftheparities（当事人的名称或姓名和住址）contractobject（标的）quantity（数量）quality（质量）priceorremuneration（价款或者报酬）timelimit，placeandmethodofperformance（履行期限、地点和方式）liabilityforbreachofcontract（违约责任）methodstosettledisputes（解决争议的方法）销售合同titleornameanddomicil52雇佣合同Thename,domicileandlegalrepresentativeormainpersoninchargeoftheEmployer(用人单位的名称、住所和法定代表人或者主要负责人);Thename,domicileandnumberoftheresidentIDcardorothervalididentitydocumentoftheEmployee(劳动者的姓名、住址和居民身份证或者其他有效身份证件号码);Thetermoftheemploymentcontract(劳动合同期限);Thejobdescriptionandtheplaceofwork(工作内容和工作地点);Workinghours,restandleave(工作时间和休息休假);Laborcompensation(劳动报酬);Socialinsurance(社会保险);Laborprotection,workingconditionsandprotectionagainstoccupationalhazards(劳动保护、劳动条件和职业危害防护);Othermatterswhichlawsandstatutesrequiretobeincludedinemploymentcontracts（法律、法规规定应当纳入劳动合同的其他事项）。雇佣合同Thename,domicileandle53公证书合同公证书委托公证书商标注册公证书招标投标公证书公证书合同公证书54合同公证书

______,COMMONWEALTHss.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTOFTHENORTHERNMARIANAISLANDOnthis______dayof______,20______,personallyappearedbeforeme______and______,knowntometobetheperson(s)whosesignature(s)is/aresubscribedtometobetheforegoinginstrumentandwhoacknowledgedtomethathe/she/theyexecutedthesameasavoluntaryactforthepurposessetforththerein.INWITNESSWHEREOF,Ihavehereuntosetmyhandandofficialsealonthedayandyearfirstwrittenabove.______NOTARYPUBLIC合同公证书______,COMMONWEALTH55_________联邦马里亚纳群岛公证书兹证明______和______于_____年_____月_____日，在我的面前，签订上述____合同。经查，此行为是他（她）（他们）按合同精神自愿履行的。_____公证员（签名）_________联邦马里亚纳群岛公证书56委托公证书STATEOFNEWJERSEYss.COUNTYOFFRANKLINOnthisfirstdayofMay,1996,beforemepersonallyappearedJohnSmith,knowntometobethepersonwhosenameissubscribedastheattorneyinfactforJefferyGrove,andacknowledgedthatheexecutedthesameastheactofhisprincipalforthepurposecontainedtherein.INWITNESSWHEREOF,Ihavehereuntosetmyhandandofficialsealonthedayandintheyearfirstwrittenabove.(seal)_________________NotaryPublicMycommissionexpiresMay1,19__委托公证书STATEOFNEWJERSEY57新泽西州富兰克林县公证书兹证明约翰·史密斯于1996年5月1日来到我面前，登记作为杰弗里·格罗夫的代理人，并声称他将为委托人代理委托书中所规定的一切事项。（盖章）公证员（签名）公证期限直至19____年5月1日为止新泽西州富兰克林县公证书58商标注册公证书公证书（）____字第____号兹证明我国____厂（或公司）生产的____（货名）的___商标注册证（编号或登记号为____号）系我国工商行政管理总局出具。该商标的专有权属于我国____厂（或公司）。商标图案附后。中华人民共和国____省____市公证处公证员_____（签名）____年____月____日商标注册公证书59NOTARIALCERTIFICATE（）____Zi,No.____ThisistocertifythatNo.____TrademarkRegistrationCertificate,identifyingthe____Trademarkon____（thenameofthegoods）producedby____Factory（orCompany）,isissuedbytheGeneralAdministrationforIndustryandCommerceofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.____Factory（orCompany）isentitledtotheexclusiverightoftheTrademarkRegistration.INWITNESSWHEREOF,Ihereuntosetmyhandandofficialsealonthe____（Date）.Notary:____(Signature)____NotaryPublicOffice(Seal)____ProvinceThePeople’sRepublicofChina

60招标投标公证书公证书（）_____字第_____号兹证明______（招标单位全称）于____年____月____日在____地对____（招标项目名称）举行了公开招标，____、____、____（投标单位全称）参加了投标，____（中标单位全称）中标（或全部投标单位均为中标）。经审查和现场监督，招标项目与招标活动已或主管部分批准，招标方与投标方____（投标单位全称）均具有合法的招标、投标资格（或____因____原因不具有投标资格），投标方____（投标单位全称）所投标书均符合招标文件的规定，为有效书（或增加____（投标单位全称）所投标书，因____（原因）无效），整个过程的投标、开标、评标、定标，活动均符合____（相关法律、法规、规章）和招标文件的规定，招标结果合法，有效。中华人民共和国____省____市公证处公证员_____（签名）____年____月____日招标投标公证书公证书61NOTARIALCERTIFICATE()____Zi,No.____THISISTOCERTIFYthat_________invitedcompetitivebiddingfor____

at____on____day,____,____,and____,____and____madebidsfortheabovementionedprojectwhile____becamethesuccessfulbidder(ornoneofthebiddershereinwassuccessful).Itwasverifiedandtestifiedatthesitethatthetenderingprojectandprocedureswereallapprovedbytherelevantauthorities,thevendor(orpurchaser)____andthetenderers,

____,____and____wereallentitledtothetender(or

____wasnotentitledtothetenderbecauseof

____).Thewholeprocessofbidding,opening,appraisingandawardingwasincompliancewith________andrelevantrulesandtheoutcomeofthetenderislegalandvalid.INWITNESSWHEREOF,Ihavehereuntosetmyhandandofficialsealonthedayandyearfirstwrittenabove

Notary:____(Signature)____NotaryPublicOffice(Seal)____ProvinceThePeople’sRepublicofChinaNOTARIALCERTIFICATE62第六章法律题材翻译第六章法律题材翻译63法律题材文本特点法律英语的词汇特征一、古英语和中世纪英语二、拉丁语和法语三、法律术语和行话四、具有法律意义的常用词五、同义词或近义词的并列六、准确性词语和模糊性词语七、情态动词法律题材文本特点法律英语的词汇特征64古英语词语aforementionedforegoingherebyhereinheretonotwithstandingpursuanttosaiththereoftowitwherefore前述的前述的特此于此处至此尽管根据说（第三人称单数现在时）其即为何，因此古英语词语65拉丁语alibibonafideexpartehabeascorpusinreinteralialexforipercapitaperseprimafaciequorumultraviresversus不在犯罪现场善意单方人身保护令有关…事宜在其他事项中法院地法人均本身初步的，表面的法定人数越权行为诉，对拉丁语66法语easementforcemajeurelachesliensuittorttrespass地役权不可抗力疏忽延误留置权诉讼侵权侵犯、闯入私人领地法语67常见的法律术语clause 条款decree 法令draft 法案，草案lawenforcement 法律的实施legislation 立法offender 罪犯specificperformance实际履行will 遗嘱常见的法律术语clause68常见的法律行话alleged 被指控的causeofaction 诉由damages 赔偿金dayincourt 出庭日dueprocessoflaw法律正当程序issueoffact 事实上的争论点issueoflaw 法律上的争论点legalfiction 法律拟制materialevidence 关键证据pleabargain 辩诉交易（认罪求情协议）reasonabledoubt 合理怀疑reasonableman 正常的人subrogation 代位权withoutprejudice 不使合法权利受到损害常见的法律行话69具有法律意义的常用词常用词actionbriefconstructionfindingmotionpracticesecurityservice一般意义行动简短的，简洁的建设发现运动练习，实践安全服务法律意义诉讼案情说明书（法律）解释判决，裁定动议诉讼程序，诉讼实务抵押品，担保品送达（传票）具有法律意义的常用词常用词一般意义法律意义70同义词或近义词的并列acknowledgeandconfessauthorize,directandempowerbusiness,enterpriseandundertakingbyandwithcancel,annulandsetasideceaseandcometoanendceaseandterminatefinalandconclusiveforandonbehalfofgiveandgranthave,holdandpossesslastwillandtestamentmentionedorreferredtomodifiedandchangedobey,observeandcomplywithright,titleandinterestsaveandexcepttrueandcorrectvoidandofnoeffectwithinandunderthetermsof同义词或近义词的并列acknowledgeandcon71准确性词语alleachandeveryimpossibleirrevocablenevernoneunavoidablewhereverwhoever

所有的每一个不可能不可撤消永远不没有无法避免任何地方任何人准确性词语all所有的72模糊性词语adequatedueprocessexcessiveimproperreasonablespeedrelatedsufficientunreasonable

适当的正当程序额外的不适当的合理的速度相关的足够的不合理的模糊性词语adequate适当的73情态动词may旨在约定当事人的权利（可以做什么）shall约定当事人的义务（应当做什么）maynot（或shallnot）用于禁止性义务（不得做什么）

情态动词may旨在约定当事人的权利（可以做什么）74法律英语的句式特征陈述句完整句被动句长句法律英语的句式特征陈述句75陈述句Whoevercommitsarson,breachesadike,causesexplosion,spreadspoisonorusesotherdangerousmeanstosabotageanyfactory,mine,oilfield,harbor,river,watersource,warehouse,house,forest,farm,threshinggrounds,pasture,keypipeline,publicbuildingoranyotherpublicorprivateproperty,therebyendangeringpublicsecuritybutcausingnoseriousconsequences,shallbesentencedtofixed-termimprisonmentofnotlessthanthreeyearsbutnotmorethantenyears.陈述句Whoevercommitsarson,bre76完整句IntheContract（ashereinafterdefined）thefollowingwordsandexpressionsshallhavethemeaningsherebyassignedtothem,exceptwherethecontextotherwiserequires:1.1"Employer"meansthepersonnamedassuchinthiscontractandthelegalsuccessorsintitletosuchperson,butnot（exceptwiththeconsentoftheContractor）anyassigneeofsuchperson.1.2"Contractor"meansthepersonwhosetenderhasbeenacceptedbytheEmployerandthelegalsuccessorsintitletosuchpersonbutnot（exceptwiththeconsentoftheEmployer）anyassigneeofsuchperson.1.3"Subcontractor"meansanypersonnamedintheContractasaSubcontractorforapartoftheWorksoranypersontowhomapartoftheWorkshasbeensubcontractedwiththeconsentoftheEngineerandthelegalsuccessorsintitletosuchperson,butnotanyassigneeofanysuchperson.…完整句IntheContract（ashereina77被动句Thevalidityofanarbitrationclauseoranarbitrationagreementshallnotbeaffectedbythemodification，rescission，termination，invalidity，revocationornon-existenceofthecontract.Adequatefoodandrefreshmentwillbesuppliedfree.Youarenotentitledtoreceivefromoutsideanythingexcepttheba