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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽汽车职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题
Globalculturalhomogenizationbringsreactionsbasedonidentitypolitics,includingnationalismandreligiopoliticsbecause()expressingneedsbetterthanthecurrentsecularorder,whichfavorsuniversalistmodernwesternvalues.
问题1选项
A.ithasbeenseenfor
B.theyhavebeenseenfor
C.itisseenas
D.theyareseenas
【答案】D
【解析】固定搭配和语法题。根据空格前面的名词nationalismandreligiopolitics,可判断空格中做主语的名词应该为复数,故排除A和C选项。又根据固定搭配beseenas“被看作……”,选项D符合题意。
2.单选题
—Doyouregretpaying500dollarsforyournecklace?
—No.Iwouldgladlypay()forit.
问题1选项
A.twotimesasmuch
B.twiceasmany
C.twiceasmuch
D.astwiceasmuch
【答案】C
【解析】句意:你后悔花500美元买这条项链吗?不!即使价格再贵一倍,我也会愿意买。
语法题。考查倍数。倍数比较的表达为:倍数+as+形容词+as。“两倍”应该用“twice”。句中的比较级是修饰“钱”,因此形容词应该用“much”。
3.单选题
GraycloudsmoveaslowassmokeoverthetreetopsatLoloPass.Thegroundiswhite.ThedayisJune10.IthasbeensnowingforthepastfourdaysintheBitterrootMountains.WayneFairchildisgettingworriedaboutourtrekovertheLoloTrail—95milesfromLoloMontanatoWeippeinIdaho,acrosssomeoftheroughestcountryintheWest.LewisandClarkwerenearlydefeated200yearsagobysnowstormsontheLolo.TodayFairchildisnervouslycheckingtheweatherreports.Hehasagreedtotakemeacrossthetoughest,middlesectionofthetrail—“butwiththisweather?’’
WhenLewisclimbedatopLemhiPass,140milessouthofMissoula,onAug.12,1805,hewasastonishedbywhatwasinfrontofhim:“immenserangesofhighmountainsstilltotheWestofuswiththeirtopspartiallycoveredwithsnow”.NobodyinwhatwasthentheUSknewtheRockyMountainsexisted,withpeakstwiceashighasanythingintheAppalachiansbackEast.LewisandClarkweren’tmerelyoffthemap;theyweretravelingoutsidetheAmericanimagination.
Todaytheirpathwaythroughthosemountainsholdsmoreattractionthananyothergroundoverwhichtheytraveled,foritsrawwildernessisatestimonytothecharacteroftwocultures:theexplorerswhobraveditshardshipsandtheNative-Americanswhoprizeandconservethepathasasacredgift.ItremainstodayinvirtuallythesameconditionaswhenLewisandClarkwalkedit.
TheLoloispassableonlyfromJulytomid-September.Ourluckisholdingwiththeweather,althoughthesnowseepsgettingdeeper.AsweclimbtoIndianPostoffice,thehighestpointonthetrailat7,033ft.,thedriftsare15ft,andup.Wehavecovered12milesinsoftsnow,andwebarelyhaveenoughenergytomakedinner.Afteramealofchickenandcouscous,Isitonarockontopoftheridge.Thereisnolightvisibleinanydirection,notevenanothercampfire.Forfourdayswedonotseeanotherhumanbeing.Weareisolatedinawaythatmixesfearwithjoy.InourimaginationwehavefinallycaughtupwithLewisandClark.
1.Welearnfromthepassagethatbefore1805
(
).
2.Judgingfromthecontext,theword“trek”(Line3,Para.1)isclosestinmeaningto(
).
3.WelearnfromthepassagethattheLoloPass
(
).
4.Judgingfromthecontext.LewisandClarkweremostprobably
(
).
5.WecaninferfromthepassagethatincrossingtheLoloPasstheauthor(
).
问题1选项
A.noAmericansknewabouttheexistenceoftheRockyMountains
B.therewerenopeoplelivinginthewesternpartofAmerica
C.nooneeverimaginedgoingwesttothePacificOcean
D.theAppalachianswerethewesternfrontieroftheUnitesStates
问题2选项
A.alonelywalkinisolatedcountry
B.alonghardjourneyoverroughterrain
C.atoughclimbuphighmountains
D.ajourneyoverun-traveledpathways
问题3选项
A.remainsmuchasitwas200yearsago
B.haschangedalotsince1805
C.nowattractslargenumbersoftourists
D.isthemeetingpointoftwocultures
问题4选项
A.twonativeIndians
B.explorersoftheearly19thcentury
C.merchantswhodidbusinesswiththeIndians
D.travelerswhosecuriositytookthemovertheLoloPass
问题5选项
A.wasfollowingthetrailofLewisandClark
B.wastryingtosetaworldrecord
C.wasattemptingtheimpossible
D.wasgamblingwithweatherandtakingunnecessaryrisks
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:A
第4题:B
第5题:A
【解析】第1题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中的NobodyinwhatwasthentheUSknewtheRockyMountainsexisted(在当时的美国,没有人知道落基山脉的存在)可知选A。
第2题:词义题。由文章第一段中的IthasbeensnowingforthepastfourdaysintheBitterrootMountains.(过去四天里,Bitterroot山脉一直在下雪)WayneFairchildisgettingworriedaboutourtrekovertheLoloTrail可推测下雪天使爬山变得更加艰难,因此C选项“艰难的爬上高山”符合题意。trek表示“长途跋涉,艰难的旅程(尤指在山区)”。
第3题:细节事实题。由文章倒数第二段的最后一句ItremainstodayinvirtuallythesameconditionaswhenLewisandClarkwalkedit.(如今它保持着与Lewis和Clark那时攀登上去一样的条件)可知A选项“保持和200年前一样”符合题意。
第4题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中的WhenLewisclimbedatopLemhiPass,140milessouthofMissoula,onAug.12,1805(1805年8月12日,Lewis爬上米苏拉以南140英里的LemhiPass)和第三段中的Todaytheirpathwaythroughthosemountainsholdsmoreattractionthananyothergroundoverwhichtheytraveled,foritsrawwildernessisatestimonytothecharacteroftwocultures:theexplorerswhobraveditshardships(今天,他们穿过这些山脉的路径比他们所走过的任何其他地方都更具吸引力,因为原始的荒野证明了两种文化的特征:勇于面对艰辛的探险家)可推测他们是19世纪早期的探险家,因此选B。
第5题:推理判断题。由文章最后一段中的最后一句InourimaginationwehavefinallycaughtupwithLewisandClark.(在我们的想象中,我们终于赶上了Lewis和Clark)可推测他们是在追寻Lewis和Clark的足迹,因此选A。
4.单选题
Inmostpeople'smind,growthisassociatedwithprosperity.WejudgehowwelltheeconomyisdoingbythesizeoftheGrossNationalProduct(GNP),ameasure,supposedly,ofgrowth.Equallyaxiomatic,however,isthenotionthatincreasedpressureondwindlingnaturalresourcesmustinevitablyleadtoadeclineinprosperity,especiallywhenaccompaniedbyagrowthinpopulation.So,whichiscorrect:growthmeansprosperityandnogrowthmeansadversity,orgrowthmeansadversityandnogrowthmeans…what?
Whatgrowthadvocatesmean,primarily,whentheysaygrowthisnecessaryforprosperityisthatgrowthisnecessaryforthesmoothfunctioningoftheeconomicsystem.InonearenatheargumentinfavorofgrowthisparticularlycompellingandthatiswithregardtotheThirdWorld.Toargueagainstgrowth,otherthanpopulationgrowth,inlightofThirdWorldpovertyanddegradationseemscallous,ifnotcruel,thepompouspostulatingofthecomfortableandthesecure.Butisit?Coulditbethatgrowth,especiallythegrowthofthewealthiercountries,hascontributedtotheimpoverishment,nottheadvancementsofThirdWorldcountries?Ifnot,howdoweaccounttorthedesperatestraitsthesecountriesfindthemselvesintodayafteracenturyofdedicationtogrowth?
ToseehowthismightbethecasewemustlookattheimpactofgrowthonThirdWorldcountries-thereality,nottheabstractstages-of-economic-growthnostrumpropoundedthroughrose-coloredglassesbyacademiciansofthedevelopedworld.WhatgoodisgrowthtothepeopleoftheThirdWorldifitmeanstheconversionofpeasantfarmsintomechanizedagri-businessesproducingcommoditiesnotforlocalconsumptionbutforexport,ifitmeansthestrippingoftheirlandofitsmineralandarborealtreasurestothebenefitofforeigninvestorsandahandfuloftheirlocalcollaborators,ifitmeanstheassumptionofacrushingforeignindebtedness,theproceedsofwhichgoesnotintothedevelopmentofthecountrybutintothepurchaseofluxurycars,thepaddingofSwissbankaccounts,andthebuyingofcondominiumsinMiami?
Admittedly,thisisanoversimplification,whichappliestonocountryinitsentiretyandtosomecountriesnotatall.Butthepoint,Ibelieve,remainsvalid:thatgrowthinunderdevelopedcountriescannotsimplybejudgedintheabstract;itmustbejudgedbasedonthetruenatureofgrowthinthesesocieties,onwhobenefitsandwhoisharmedonwheregrowthisleadingthesepeopleandwhereithasleftthem.Whenconsideredinthisway,itjustmightbethatinthepresentcontextgrowthismoredetrimentaltothewell-beingofthewretchedoftheearththanbeneficial.
So,doweneedgrowthforprosperity?Onlytheadoptionofzerogrowthcanprovidetheanswer.Butthatisatestnoteasilyundertaken.Moderneconomiesareincrediblycomplexphenomena,atributetoman'sabilitytoorganizeandachallengetohisabilitytounderstanding.Anythingthataffectstheirfunctioning,suchasapolicyofzerogrowth,shouldnotbeproposedwithoutawaryprudenceandaself-doubtinghumility.Butiftheprospectofleapingintotheeconomicunknownisfear-inspiring,equallysoistheprospectoflettingthatfearpreventusfromactingwhenthefailuretoactcouldmeanuntoldmiseryforfuturegenerationsandperhapsenvironmentalcatastropheswhichthreatenourveryexistence.
1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthorsupport?
2.ItisimpliedinParagraphs2and3that().
3.WithregardtotheeconomicdevelopmentinThirdWorldcountriestheauthorisactuallysayingthat().
4.Theauthorseemstobelievethatprosperity().
5.Theansweroftheauthortothequestion"Doweneedgrowthforprosperity"is().
问题1选项
A.GrossNationalProductisasafemeasureforeconomicgrowth.
B.Diminishingnaturalresourceswillproveharmfultothewell-beingofhumanity.
C.Adeclineinprosperitywillinevitablyleadtoagrowthinpopulation.
D.Growthinpopulationwillbeachiefthreattoeconomicprosperity.
问题2选项
A.thesmoothfunctioningoftheeconomicsystemisdependentonsustainedprosperity
B.economicgrowthhasnotcontributedtothepovertyoftheThirdWorldcountries
C.growthinrichercountriesisachievedattheexpenseoftheThirdWorldcountries
D.thestagesofeconomicgrowthcannotbesupersededormodifiedbysocialmechanisms
问题3选项
A.thepeopleinthesecountrieshavenotactuallybenefitedfromit
B.inadequateinvestmenthasseriouslyaffectedthedevelopment
C.deepdebtvirtuallymakesfurthergrowthinthesecountriesimpossible
D.agricultureinthesecountriesshouldhavebeenleftintact
问题4选项
A.canbeachievedwithouteconomicgrowth
B.canonlybeachievedwitheconomicgrowth
C.isatributetoman'sabilityandcreativity
D.isfragileinfaceofenvironmentalcatastrophes
问题5选项
A.negative
B.positive
C.vague
D.inconclusive
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:C
第3题:A
第4题:A
第5题:A
【解析】第1题:1.根据文章第一段第三句"Equallyaxiomatic,...,especiallywhenaccompaniedbyagrowthinpopulation."同样不言自明的是,对日益减少的自然资源施加越来越大的压力必然导致繁荣的衰落,特别是在伴随人口增长的情况下。选项B符合原文。
2.根据原文二三段的内容可知,作者在第二段提出问题:富裕国家的增长是否导致了第三世界国家的贫困,而不是进步?如果不是这样的话,那么又怎么解释这些国家为什么在致力于增长的一个世纪之后,今天仍处于绝望而不可自拔的境地呢?作者在第三段给出了答案,这种增长并没有给这些国家的人们带来好处,而是让外国投资者及少数本地合作者获益。选项C符合原文。
3.根据第三段的内容可知:经济增长对第三世界国家的人们并无好处,因为他们的农产品是为了出口,矿产和其他资源被剥夺,而他们却要背负沉重的外债,这只会让国外投资者和少数本地人获益。所以选项A符合原文。
4.根据第五段的一二句"So,doweneedgrowthforprosperity?Onlytheadoptionofzerogrowthcanprovidetheanswer."我们需要增长来实现繁荣吗?采用零增长也可以保持社会经济的繁荣。选项A符合原文。
5.结合文章内容可知,作者对增长持否定的态度,因为增长给第三世界国家以及环境带来了种种危害,所以本题选A。
第2题:
第3题:
第4题:
第5题:
5.单选题
Tobe(
)withyou,Ithinkyou’remakingadreadfulmistakebyrefusingtocooperate.
问题1选项
A.frank
B.pertinent
C.mild
D.vivid
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。tobefrank为固定搭配,意为“老实说,坦率地说”。
句意:坦率地跟你说,我认为你拒绝合作是犯了一个可怕的错误。选项A正确。
6.单选题
Despitealmostuniversal_______ofthevitalimportanceofwomen'sliteracy,educationremainsadreamforfarmanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.
问题1选项
A.confession
B.identification
C.acknowledgement
D.compliment
【答案】C
【解析】confession忏悔,供认;identification鉴定,识别;acknowledgement承认,认知;compliment恭维,称赞。句意:尽管几乎普遍承认妇女识字的至关重要性,但对世界上许多国家的许多妇女来说,教育仍然是一个梦想。选项C符合句意。
7.单选题
Theyoungheiresswasso(
)thatshegaveallhermoneyawayinacoupleofyears.
问题1选项
A.generous
B.indulgent
C.patriotic
D.ambitious
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。generous“慷慨的,大方的”;indulgent“放纵的,宽容的”;patriotic“爱国的”;ambitious“野心勃勃的”。句意:年轻的女继承人如此慷慨,以至于几年内就把所有的钱送给了别人。选项A符合题意。
8.单选题
Electricalenergymaybeseparatedintotwo(
)componentsaspositiveandnegative.
问题1选项
A.specialized
B.told
C.specified
D.said
【答案】C
【解析】specialize使专门化;使适应特殊情况;specify指定,详细说明,列举。句意:电能可分为正负两种指定的部分。选项C符合句意。
9.翻译题
改革开放是国家发展进步的根本动力。我国改革已进入攻坚阶段,必须进一步解放思想,全面推进经济、政治、文化、社会等领域的改革,不断把改革引向深入。要进一步完善社会主义市场经济体制。毫不动摇地巩固和发展公有制经济,毫不动摇地鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济发展,形成各种所有制经济依法平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争、同等受到法律保护的体制环境。深化国有企业改革以及重点行业改革。
【答案】参考译文:
ReformandopeninguparethefundamentalforcethatdrivesChina’sdevelopmentandprogress.Chinahasenteredacrucialstageofreform,andwemustfurtheremancipateourminds;carryoutall-aroundeconomic,political,culturalandsocialreforms;andconstantlydeepenthem.Weneedtoimprovethesocialistmarketeconomy.Weshouldunwaveringlyconsolidateanddevelopthepublicsectoroftheeconomyandencourage,supportandguidethedevelopmentofthenon-publicsector,soastofosterastructuralenvironmentinwhicheconomicentitiesunderdifferentformsofownershiphaveequalaccesstofactorsofproductioninaccordancewiththelaw,competeonalevelplayingfieldandenjoyequallegalprotection.Weshoulddeepenreformofstate-ownedenterprisesandkeyindustries.
10.单选题
Hurricanesarekillerwinds,andtheir()powerliesinthephysicaldamagetheycando.
问题1选项
A.prevalent
B.turbulent
C.destructive
D.cumulative
【答案】C
【解析】句意:飓风是具有杀伤力的风,其破坏性的力量在于其能够造成的物质损坏。
考查形容词辨析。Prevalent普遍的;流行的;turbulent动乱的;猛烈的;destructive毁灭性的;摧毁性的;cumulative累积的;渐增的。因此C项符合句意。
11.单选题
Theawardsaddedlustertotheauthor'sreputation.
问题1选项
A.expression
B.distinction
C.passion
D.formality
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。luster意为“光泽,光彩”;expression意为“表示,表达,表露”;distinction意为“区别,优秀,荣誉”;passion意为“热情,激情”;formality意为“礼节,形式”。
句意:这些奖项为作者的声誉增添了光彩。
12.单选题
Centuriesago,mandiscoveredthatremovingmoisturefromfoodhelpstopreserveit,andthattheeasiestwaytodothisistoexposethefoodtosunandwind.InthiswaytheNorthAmericanIndiansproducepemmican(driedmeatgroundintopowderandmadeintocakes),theScandinaviansmakestockfishandtheArabsdrieddatesand“apricotleather”.
Allfoodsincludingwater~~cabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainsasmuchas93%water,potatoesandotherrootvegetables80%,leanmeat75%andfish,anythingfrom80%to60%,dependingonhowfattyitis.Ifthiswaterisremoved,theactivityofthebacteriawhichcausefoodtogobadischecked.
Fruitissun-driedinAsiaMinor,Greece,SpainandotherMediterraneancountries,andalsoinCalifornia,SouthAfricaandAustralia.Themethodsusedvary,butingeneral,thefruitisspreadoutontraysindryingyardsinthehotsun.Inordertopreventdarkening,pears,peachesandapricotsareexposedtothefumesofburningsulfurbeforedrying.Plums,formakingprunesandcertainvarietiesofgrapesformakingraisinsandcurrants,aredippedinanalkalinesolutioninordertocracktheskinsofthefruitslightlyandremovetheirwaxcoating,soastoIncreasetherateofdrying.
Nowadaysmostfoodsaredriedmechanically.Theconventionalmethodofsuchdehydrationistoputfoodinchambersthroughwhichhotairisblownattemperaturesofabout110°Catentrytoabout43°Catexit.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthingsasvegetables,mincedmeat,andfish.
Liquidssuchasmilk,coffee,tea,soupsandeggsmaybedriedbypouringthemoveraheatedsteelcylinderorbysprayingthemintoachamberthroughwhichacurrentofhotairpasses.Inthefirstcase,thedriedmaterialisscrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmall,thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakes.Inthesecondprocessitfallstothebottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Whererecognizableplacesofmeatandvegetablesarerequired,asinsoup,theingredientsaredriedseparatelyandthenmixed.
Driedfoodstakeuplessroomandweighlessthanthesamefoodpackedincansorfrozen,andtheydonotneedtobestoredinspecialconditions.Forthesereasonstheyareinvaluabletotheclimbers,explorersandsoldiersinbattle,whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewivesbecauseittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitisjustacaseofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboilingwater.
1.Theopen-airmethodofdryingfood().
2.Bacteriawhichcausefoodtogobad().
3.Nowadaysvegetablesaremostcommonlydried().
4.Driedfoods().
5.Housewiveslikedriedfoodsbecausethey().
问题1选项
A.istheonemostcommonlyusedtoday
B.wasinventedbytheAmericanIndians
C.hasbeenknownforhundredsofyears
D.tendstobeunhygienic
问题2选项
A.cannotliveinsunlight
B.arekilledbydrying
C.areinnowaydependentonthewatercontent
D.havetheiractivitygreatlyreducedbydrying
问题3选项
A.onhorizontalcylinders
B.inhot-airchambers
C.inthesunandwind
D.usingtheopentraymethod
问题4选项
A.areoftenpackedincansorfrozen
B.areusedbysoldiersandclimbers
C.needmorestoragespacethansoldiersusuallyhaveavailable
D.aremuchcheaperthancannedorfrozenproducts
问题5选项
A.arequicktoprepare
B.tastebetter
C.canbepreservedbyboilinginwater
D.lookfreshandappetizingwhencooked
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:D
第3题:B
第4题:B
第5题:A
【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第一句话Centuriesago,mandiscoveredthatremovingmoisturefromfoodhelpstopreserveit,andthattheeasiestwaytodothisistoexposethefoodtosunandwind.“几个世纪以前,人类发现去除食物中的水分有助于保存食物,最简单的方法就是将食物暴露在阳光和风下。由此可知将食物放在室外环境中风干的方法在几百年前就为人所知了。故C项符合题意。
2.细节事实題。根据文章第二段中的Ifthiswaterisremoved,theactivityofthebacteriawhichcausefoodtogobadischecked.“如果这些水分被除去,导致食物变坏的细菌的活动就会被抑制。故D项“通过风干,细菌的活动被大大减少。”正确。
3.细节事实题。由题干定位到文章第四段Nowadaysmostfoodsaredriedmechanically.Theconventionalmethodofsuchdehydrationistoputfoodinchambersthroughwhichhotairisblownattemperaturesofabout110°Catentrytoabout43°Catexit.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthingsasvegetables,mincedmeat,andfish.“现在大多数食品是用机械干燥的。这种脱水的传统方法是把食物放在室内,热空气在大约110°C入口被吹到大约43°C出口。这是干燥蔬菜、肉末和鱼等食物的常用方法。”故可以推断出常用室内热空气来烘干蔬菜室,故B项“热空气室”符合题意。
4.细节事实题。由最后一段中的Forthesereasonstheyareinvaluabletotheclimbers,explorersandsoldiersinbattle,whohavelittlestoragespace.“由于这些原因,它们对攀登者、探险者和战场上的士兵来说是无价的,因为他们没有多少储存空间。”可知与B项相符,故答案为B。
5.细节事实题。由最后一段中的Theyarealsopopularwithhousewivesbecauseittakessolittletimetocookthem.“它们也很受家庭主妇的欢迎,因为烹饪时间很短”可知选项A“很快就准备好”符合题意。答案A。
13.单选题
Inthispoorcountry,survivalisstilltheleadingindustry;allelseis____.
问题1选项
A.luxury
B.accommodation
C.entertainment
D.refreshment
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析与上下文语义。A选项luxury“奢侈;奢侈品”;B选项accommodation“住处;膳宿”;C选项entertainment“娱乐,消遣”;D选项refreshment“起提神作用的东西”。句意:在这个贫穷的国家里,生存是最大的事,其他的一切都是奢侈的事情。因此,本题最佳选项为A。
14.单选题
Sobadly(
)inthecaraccidentthathehadtostayinhospitalforafewmonths.
问题1选项
A.didheinjure
B.injuredhim
C.washeinjured
D.hewasinjured
【答案】C
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:他在车祸里伤得太厉害了,以至于他不得不在医院待了几个月。sothat句子中,so位于句首时句子需要部分倒装,B、D排除;答案选C。
15.单选题
Hisscheduleisjammedwithmeetingsandothersortsofevents;Iverymuchdoubtthathewillhavetimetoattendtheannualdramafestivalonourcampus.
问题1选项
A.jammedwithmeetings
B.verymuchdoubt
C.havetimetoattend
D.onourcampus
E.没有问题
【答案】E
16.单选题
Theacousticsinthismeetingroomarenotverygood,soifyouwishtobeheardclearly,youmustremembertospeakout.
问题1选项
A.are
B.so
C.wishtobeheard
D.speakout
E.没有错误
【答案】D
【解析】固定搭配。Speakout改为speakup。D处句意应为“大声说”,而speakout表示“公开说出”。
17.单选题
Mostofthenonverbalcommunicationatworkcentersonasingletheme:power,whichtranslatesintostatus.Ineveryspeciesandsociety,thoseincontroltryto(1)large,strongandfearless.
(2)
someotheranimals
(3)
dominance,humanshavetheirownwaysofsignalingwho'sin
(4)
.“Inourculture,statusshows
(5)
subtlyintherelaxedpostureandwayofinteraction”sayAlbertMehrabian,aprofessorofpsychology.
(
6)
,thoselowerinpositioncharacteristicallydisplaymore
(7)
.“Theclassicexampleisthesoldierstandingat
(8)
inthepresenceofthesuperiorofficer,"saysMehrabian.
Theleadersinagroupusuallyaretheoneswholeanbackintheirchairs.Tomakethepoint,theymaylean
(9)
.Theirgesturesarelargeandfluid,
(10)
aneasyconfidenceandcommandofspace.
(11)
alsotakegreatercontrolofconversation.“Thepersoninauthority
(12)
totalkmore,speaklouderand
(13)
others,”saysMehrabian.
Thebodiesofthepowerfulcanalso“leak”messagesofweaknessthatalwaysbetray
(14)
they'rereallyfeeling.Imaginethis
(15)
:theheadofyourcompanyannouncestohisstaffthatthefirmhasbeenboughtbyagiantcorporation.“Thisisgreatnews!”hesays“Thenewownersaremore
(16)
thanever.”
Ashespeaks,yourbossstandsstifflybehindthechair,hishandsclaspedinfrontofhim.Hesmilesoften,
(17)
hiseyeshaveaseriouslook.Hisvoiceisflat,andthe
(18)
seemshigherthanusual.Shouldyoubelievehim?“Lookfordifferences
(19)
whatyou'reseeingandwhatyou'rehearing,”suggestsAustin.Yourboss’sbodylanguageis
(20)
reassuring.
问题1选项
A.pretend
B.appear
C.seem
D.disguise
问题2选项
A.As
B.Besides
C.Like
D.Despite
问题3选项
A.asserting
B.declaring
C.confirming
D.claiming
问题4选项
A.management
B.duty
C.obligation
D.charge
问题5选项
A.it
B.itself
C.them
D.us
问题6选项
A.Consequently
B.Unfortunately
C.Conversely
D.Undoubtedly
问题7选项
A.rigidity
B.dignity
C.vigor
D.rigor
问题8选项
A.peace
B.length
C.ease
D.attention
问题9选项
A.forward
B.toward
C.ahead
D.over
问题10选项
A.proposing
B.embodying
C.signaling
D.proving
问题11选项
A.Authorities
B.Superiors
C.Inferiors
D.Officials
问题12选项
A.cares
B.intends
C.tends
D.means
问题13选项
A.intervene
B.interfere
C.intermingle
D.interrupt
问题14选项
A.which
B.what
C.that
D.why
问题15选项
A.sight
B.spot
C.scenery
D.scene
问题16选项
A.secure
B.responsible
C.generous
D.optimistic
问题17选项
A.when
B.as
C.although
D.so
问题18选项
A.throat
B.tone
C.note
D.melody
问题19选项
A.in
B.among
C.from
D.between
问题20选项
A.anythingbut
B.nothingbut
C.nomorethan
D.morethan
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:C
第3题:A
第4题:C
第5题:B
第6题:C
第7题:A
第8题:D
第9题:A
第10题:C
第11题:B
第12题:C
第13题:D
第14题:B
第15题:D
第16题:D
第17题:C
第18题:B
第19题:D
第20题:A
【解析】(1)考查动词辨析。pretend意为“伪装,假装”,强调明显地表露出是假的;appear意为“出现,显现”,主要表达自然流露的现象;seem意为“似乎,看来”指根据某种迹象作出的推断;disguise意为“隐瞒,掩饰”。此处表示“当权者试图看起来高大、强壮和无畏”。
(2)考查逻辑关系。根据空格后的animals和humans可知此处是对这两者进行对比,说明其相似情况,因此选C,like作连词,意为“像……一样,如同”。
(3)考查动词辨析。assert意为“维护,坚持”;declare意为“宣布”;confirm意为“确认,批准”;claim意为“声称”。由空格后的dominance(优势,控制)可知A选项最为恰当。
(4)考查逻辑关系。这句话指的是人与动物的相似之处,故空格处应为dominance的同义词,incharge意为“负责,主管”,因此选D。
(5)考查逻辑关系。由空格后面的subtlyintherelaxedpostureandwayofinteraction可知此处是用来形容status本身的,因此用反身代词作宾语,选B。
(6)考查副词辨析。由前面的status(地位)和空格后的thoselowerinposition(地位较低者)可知此处表示转折,因此选C,conversely意为“相反地,反过来”。
(7)考查逻辑关系。此处与由前面的relaxedpostureandwayofinteraction(放松姿势与互动方式)进行对比,因此填rigidity(僵硬,刻板)。
(8)考查固定搭配。standatattention意为“立正”。atlength意为“终究,终归”;atease意为“安逸,自由自在”;atpeace意为“和平,处于平静状态”。
(9)考查逻辑关系。此处与前面的leanback(仰靠着,向后靠)动作相反,选A,leanforward意为“向前倾,前倾”。
(10)考查动词辨析。propose意为“提议,建议”,主语一般为人;embody意为“表现,象征”;signal意为“表达,表明”;prove意为“证明,证实”,一般用于provetobe。此处的逻辑主语为gestures,因此选C。
(11)考查逻辑关系。此处与前面的theleadersinagroup(集团中的领导人)相照应,因此填superiors(上级)。
(12)考查逻辑关系。care一般用于careabout/for,故排除;intendto意为“打算”;tendto意为“倾向于”;meanto意为“打算,想”。由前面的takegreatercontrolofconversation(更好地控制谈话)可知C选项最为恰当。
(13)考查逻辑关系。由前面的talkmore,speaklouder可知and后面的为并列谓语,intervene意为“干涉,介入”,指介入争端,进行调停,也指干涉他人之事;interfere意为“干涉,干预”,指无权或未获允许而妨碍、阻扰、干涉他人之事;intermingle意为“混合”;interrupt意为“打断(别人的话等)”此处与谈话有关,因此选D,更能体现当权者的独断行为。
(14)考查从句。只有what既能引导名词性从句作betray的宾语,又能在并列从句中充当feel的宾语,因此选B。
(15)考查名词辨析。sight意为“视力范围,视野”;spot意为“地点,场所”;scenery意为“风景,景色”;scene意为“场面,现场”。空格后的冒号是介绍事件发生的场景,因此选D。
(16)考查形容词辨析。secure意为“安全的”;responsible意为“负责的”;generous意为“慷慨的,大方的”;optimistic意为“乐观的,乐观主义的”。由前面的Thisisgreatnews(这是个好消息)可知D选项最符合语义。
(17)考查逻辑关系。由前面的smiles和空格后的aseriouslook可知此处表示让步关系,填although(尽管)。
(18)考查逻辑关系。由前面的Hisvoiceisflat(他的声音是平的)可知此处指音调,填tone。
(19)考查固定搭配。differencesbetweenand意为“……和……之间的差异”。
(20)考查逻辑关系。anythingbut意为“根本不,决不”;nothingbut意为“只有,只不过”;nomorethan意为“不过是,仅仅”;morethan意为“不知是”。本段表示“老板一边安慰下属公司很可靠,一边又提心吊胆,没有把握”,因此选A。
18.单选题
Thereisvirtuallynolimittohowonecanservecommunityinterests,fromspendingafewhoursaweekwithsomecharitableorganizationtopracticallyfull-timeworkforasocialagency.Justasthereareopportunitiesforvoluntaryservice(1)(VSO)foryoungpeoplebeforetheytakeupfull-timeemployment,
(2)
thereareopportunitiesforoverseasservicefor
(3)
techniciansindevelopingcountries.Somepeople,
(4)
thosewhoretireearly,
(5)
theirtechnicalandbusinessskillsincountries
(6)
thereisaspecialneed.
Soinconsideringvoluntaryor
(7)
communityservicetherearemoreopportunitiesthanthere
(8)
werewhenonefirstbeganwork.Mostvoluntaryorganizationshaveonlyasmallfull-time
(9)
,anddependverymuchonvolunteersandpart-times.Thismeansthatworkingrelationshipsaredifferentfromthoseincommercialorganizations,andvaluesmaybedifferent
(10)
somewaystheymanyseemmorecasualandlessefficient,butoneshouldnot
(11)
thembycommercialcriteria.Thepeoplewhoworkwiththemdosofordifferentreasonsandwithdifferent
(12)
,bothpersonaland
(13)
.Oneshouldnotjointhem
(14)
toarmthemwithprofessionalexpertise,theymustbejoinedwithcommitmenttothe
(15)
,notbusinessefficiency.Becausesalariesare(16)
ornon-existent,manyvoluntarybodiesoffermodestexpenses.Butmanyretiredpeopletakepartincommunityservicefor
(17)
,simplybecausetheyenjoythework.
Manycommunityactivitiespossible
(18)
retirementwerealsopossibleduringone’sworkinglifebuttheyaretobeundertaken
(19)
seriouslyforthat.Retiredpeoplewhoarejustlookingforsomethingdifferentorunusualtodoshouldnotconsider
(20)
communityservice.
问题1选项
A.oversea
B.oversea
C.overseas
D.overseas
问题2选项
A.so
B.as
C.that
D.then
问题3选项
A.qualifying
B.quantity
C.qualified
D.quality
问题4选项
A.partly
B.partially
C.passionately
D.particularly
问题5选项
A.operate
B.order
C.occupy
D.offer
问题6选项
A.where
B.which
C.that
D.as
问题7选项
A.paid
B.paying
C.pay
D.tobepaid
问题8选项
A.lately
B.before
C.ever
D.never
问题9选项
A.number
B.team
C.crowd
D.staff
问题10选项
A.by
B.in
C.through
D.with
问题11选项
A.comment
B.lookat
C.judge
D.enjoy
问题12选项
A.subject
B.subjective
C.objects
D.objectives
问题13选项
A.organizational
B.organization
C.organizing
D.organized
问题14选项
A.toexpect
B.expecting
C.expected
D.beingexpected
问题15选项
A.cause
B.course
C.caution
D.case
问题16选项
A.small
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