考研考博-英语-安徽医科大学考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽医科大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Studentsattheseschoolstestfarbelowthestateaverageinreading,andtheirscoreshaveimprovedonly().

问题1选项

A.marginally

B.marvelously

C.martially

D.markedly

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词辨析。marginally“少量地”；marvelously“不可思议地”；martially“勇敢地”；markedly“显著地”。句意：这些学校的学生在阅读测试中远远低于州平均水平，而且他们的成绩只得到了……提高。空格前面有only修饰，因此可知是只提高了一点点。一次你A选项符合题意。

2.翻译题

现在西方国家的有志之士都认识到，不同文明之间应学会共存，而不应因文化上的不同而走向冲突以致战争。他们认为，不同民族和国家可以通过文化交往与对话取得某种“共识”，也即有一个从“不同”到某种意义上相互“认同”的过程。这种相互“认同”是在两种不同文化中寻找交汇点，并在此基础上推动双方文化的发展，这正是“和”在不同文化中所起的作用。

【答案】AspirantsinWesterncountrieshaverealizedthatpeacefulcoexistenceamongallcivilizationsshouldbeupheld,whileconflictsorevenwarscausedbyculturaldiversitiesshouldbeavoided.Theythinkdifferentnationsandcountriescanreachanagreementbyculturalcommunicationandinteraction,whichrepresentsaprocessfrom“difference”to“agreement”.Reachinganagreementistheprocessofsearchingforthecommonpointindifferentcultureanditisthecoexistencethatpromotesthedevelopmentofdifferentculture.

3.单选题

Marlinisayoungmanofindependentthinkingwhoisnotabout________complimentstohispoliticalleaders.

问题1选项

A.paying

B.havingpaid

C.topay

D.tohavepaid

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：马林是一个有独立思考能力的年轻人，他对他的政治领袖阿谀奉承。根据固定搭配“beabouttodo”，排除A，B选项。句子中的时态用的是现在时，所以后面的句子没有必要用完成时。

4.单选题

TheCollector’sEditioncoinis______,andrepresentsatruecollector’streasuretobeappreciatedforgenerationstocome.

问题1选项

A.unlikelyanyElvisPresleycollectibleeverreleased

B.unlikely,andElvisPresleycollectibleneverreleased

C.unlikeanyElvisPresleycollectibleneverreleased

D.unlikeanyElvisPresleycollectibleeverreleased

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义。句意：此款收藏版硬币，……，代表着一个真正的收藏家的珍品，其在未来将会升值。unlike“不同的；不相似的”；unlikely“不太可能的”，常出现于“itisunlikelythat”。由句意判断，此枚硬币价值极高，不同于猫王发行的其他收藏品。因此D选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Englandisexperiencingitshardestwinterforyears,someareas______undersixfeetfornearlytwomonths.

问题1选项

A.werelying

B.werelaid

C.havinglaid

D.havinglain

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.werelying在撒谎，正处于B.werelaid被覆盖，被放置

C.havinglaid覆盖，放置D.havinglain躺下，处于

【考查点】语态和动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句子前半句意思“英格兰正在经历多年来最艰难的冬天”，可知，someareas（一些地区）是被大雪覆盖了，故用被动语态；而表示“覆盖”要用lay，所以werelaid正确。故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项都表述主动语态，排除。

【句意】英格兰正在经历多年来最艰难的冬天，一些地区被埋在6英尺大雪下近两个月。

6.单选题

Mr.Chenoften（

）hisspeech.

问题1选项

A.tumbles

B.stumbles

C.rumbles

D.fumbles

【答案】D

【解析】形近词辨析题。A选项tumble“摔倒”；B选项stumble“踌躇”；C选项rumble“隆隆作响”；D选项fumble“笨手笨脚地做；笨嘴拙舌地说话”。句意：陈先生经常在演讲的时候笨嘴拙舌地说话。选项D符合语境。

7.单选题

Imagineaworldinwhichtherewassuddenlynoemotion—aworldinwhichhumanbeingscouldfeelnoloveorhappiness,noterrororhate.Trytoimaginetheconsequencesofsuchatransformation.Peoplemightnotbeabletostayalive:knowingneitherjoynorpleasure,neitheranxietynorfear,theywouldbeaslikelytorepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.Theycouldnotlearn:theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.Societywouldsoondisappear:Peoplewouldbeaslikelytoharmoneanotherastoprovidehelpandsupport.Humanrelationshipswouldnotexist:Inaworldwithoutfriendsorenemies,therecouldbenomarriage,affectionamongcompanions,orbondsamongmemberso£groups.Society’seconomicunderpinningswouldbedestroyed:sincetherewouldbenoincentivesofanykind.Foraswewillsee,incentivesimplyacapacitytoenjoythem.

Insuchaworld,thechancesthatthehumanspecieswouldsurvivearenexttozero,becauseemotionsarethebasicinstrumentofoursurvivalandadaptation.Emotionsstructuretheworldforusinimportantways.Asindividuals,wecategorizeobjectsonthebasisofouremotions.True,weconsiderthelength,shape,size,ortexture,butanobject’sphysicalaspectsarelessimportantthanwhatithasdoneorcandotous—hurtus,surpriseus,angerusormakeusjoyful.Wealsousecategorizationscoloredbyemotionsinourfamilies,communities,andoverallsociety.Outofouremotionalexperienceswithobjectsandeventscomesasocialfeelingofagreementthatcertainthingsandactionsare“good”andothersare“bad”,andweapplythesecategoriestoeveryaspectofoursociallife—fromwhatfoodsweeatandwhatclothesweweartohowwekeeppromisesandwhichpeopleourgroupwillaccept.Infact,societyexplainsouremotionalreactionsandattitudes,suchasloyalty,morality,pride,shame,guilt,fearandgreed,inordertomaintainitself.Itgiveshighrewardstoindividualswhoperformimportanttaskssuchassurgery,makesheroesoutofindividualsforunusualordangerousachievementssuchasflyingfighterplanesinawar,andusesthelegalandpenalsystemtomakepeopleafraidtoengageinantisocialacts.

1.Thereasonwhypeoplemightnotbeabletostayaliveinaworldwithoutemotionisthat（）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,people’slearningactivitiesarepossiblebecausethey（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheeconomicfoundationofsocietyisdependenton（）.

4.Emotionsaresignificantforman’ssurvivalandadaptationbecause（）.

5.Theemotionalaspectsofanobjectaremoreimportantthanitsphysicalaspectsinthatthey（）.

问题1选项

A.theywouldnotbeabletotellthetextureofobjects

B.theywouldnotknowwhatwasbeneficialandwhatwasharmfultothem

C.theywouldnotbehappywithalifewithoutlove

D.theywoulddothingsthathurteachother’sfeelings

问题2选项

A.enjoybeingrewardedfordoingtherightthing

B.knowwhatisvitaltotheprogressofsociety

C.believethatemotionsarefundamentalforthemtostayalive

D.benefitfromprovidinghelpandsupporttooneanother

问题3选项

A.theabilitytomakemoney

B.thewilltoworkforpleasure

C.thecapacitytoenjoyincentives

D.thecategorizationsofouremotionalexperiences

问题4选项

A.theyprovidethemeansbywhichpeopleviewthesizeorshapeofobjects

B.theyarethebasisforthesocialfeelingofagreementbywhichsocietyismaintained

C.theyencouragepeopletoperformdangerousachievements

D.theygeneratemorelovethanhateamongpeople

问题5选项

A.helpsocietyexploititsmembersforprofit

B.encourageustoperformimportanttasks

C.helptoperfectthelegalandpenalsystem

D.helpusadaptourbehaviortotheworldsurroundingus

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据第一段的第二句“Peoplemightnotbeabletostayalive：knowingneitherjoynorpleasure,neitheranxietynorfear,theywouldbeaslikelytorepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.”如果知道没有了欢喜也没了快乐,没有了焦虑也没了恐惧,人们可能很难存活。他们有可能重复伤害自己的行为，却认为这是有益的。选项B符合原文。

2.根据第一段“Theycouldnotlearn：theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.”因为没有情感的世界里根本不存在奖惩,所以人们无法学习。反之,如果因为做了正确的事情而得到了奖励,那么人们就可能会学习。所以选项A符合原文内容。

3.根据第一段的倒数第二句“Society’seconomicunderpinningswouldbedestroyed:sincetherewouldbenoincentivesofanykind.”社会的经济基础将被摧毁:因为没有任何形式的激励。所以,社会经济基础依赖于享受激励的能力。选项C正确。

4.根据第二段的第一句,“Insuchaworld,thechancesthatthehumanspecieswouldsurvivearenexttozero,becauseemotionsarethebasicinstrumentofoursurvivalandadaptation.”选项B符合原文。

5.根据原文的最后一段可知,“Emotionsstructuretheworldforusinimportantways.Asindividuals,wecategorizeobjectsonthebasisofouremotions.”情感在很多重要的方面构造了世界。作为个体，我们会根据自己的情绪来分类物品。由此可见,情感可以帮助我们适应周围的世界，选项D符合原文。

8.单选题

Hadspringeverbeengentle,soendearingbefore?Hadeverylittlescene,everyshopwindow,everyfacehepassedeverbeensowonderfullyinteresting?

问题1选项

A.attractive

B.favorable

C.inspiring

D.peaceful

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.attractive吸引人的，令人愉快的B.favorable给人好印象的（有好感）

C.inspiring鼓舞人心的，激励的，启发灵感的D.peaceful安静的，平静的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】endearing的意思为“惹人喜爱的，讨人喜欢的”，这里问春天是否曾经惹人喜爱，让人不自觉地被他吸引，attractive与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】春天曾经如此惹人喜爱吗？他走过的每一处、每一个商店橱窗、每一张面孔，都曾经是那么奇妙而有趣吗？

9.单选题

Readersarerequiredtocomplywiththerulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.

问题1选项

A.observet

B.memorizet

C.commentt

D.request

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。complywith表示“照做，遵守”；A项observe“观察，遵守”，B项memorize“记住，背熟”，C项comment“发表评论，发表意见”，D项request“要求，请求”。句意：读者应遵守图书馆的各项规定，注意自己的行为举止。根据句意可知，该题选择A项正确。

10.翻译题

PleasetranslatethefollowingtenEnglishsentencesintoChinese.

Withahistoryofmorethan5,000years,Chinaisoneoftheoldestancientcivilizationsoftheworld.

Chinawasdividedforshortperiodsofitshistory,withdifferentregionsbeingruledbydifferentgroups.

FromXiaDynastyinthe21stcenturyBCtoQingDynasty,Chinaexperienceddozensofdynastiesinhistory.

Eachdynastyachieveduniqueaccomplishmentsinthefieldsofpolities,economy,culture,scienceandtechnology,etc.

HanDynastywasthemostadvancedempireatthattime,whichcontributestotheformationofthename“theHanNationality”.

TangDynastyimpressedChineseforitslongtimeunificationandpowerfulnationalstrength,becauseofwhichoverseasChinesecallthemselves“Tangpeople”abroad.

SongDynastyandMingDynastywereperiodswheneconomy,culture,educationandsciencewerehighlyprosperous.

Butthechangefromonedynastytoanotherusuallyledtolong-lastingwars,whichbroughtunspeakablesufferingforthemasses.

On1October1949,MaoZedongproclaimedthePeople’sRepublicofChina.

MaoistthoughtwaswidelyappliedastheguidingpoliticalandmilitaryideologyoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

【答案】中国有5000多年的历史，是世界最古老的文明之一。

历史上，中国在短期内被划分为多个部分，并且不同的区域由不同的群体管辖。

从公元前21世纪的夏朝开始至清朝结束，中国历史上经历过几十个朝代的变更。

每个朝代在政治、经济、文化和科学技术等领域都有独特的成就。

汉朝是当时世界上最先进的帝国,“汉族”这一名称就得名于汉朝。

唐朝因统一时间长、国力强盛而被国人铭记，因此在海外的中国人自称为“唐人”。

宋朝和明朝是经济、文化、教育与科学高度繁荣的时代。

但朝代的更替一般会导致连年战争，给人民大众带来了难以言表的痛苦。

1949年10月1曰，毛泽东宣布中华人民共和国的成立。

毛泽东思想作为中国共产党的政治和军事指导思想被广泛应用。

11.翻译题

过去，人们并没有充分认识到污染给环境造成的影响。只是把它看成一种会熏黑房屋，弄脏河流的令人讨厌的东西。

【答案】

Inthepast,peoplewerenotfullyawareoftheimpactofpollutionontheenvironment.Weregarditasanobnoxiousthingwhichcanblackenhouseanddirtyriver.

12.单选题

TheAmericansdifferfromtheChineseintheirabilityto________conversationswithstrangers.

问题1选项

A.holdback

B.enterinto

C.pickup

D.turndown

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项“隐瞒，退缩，抑制，阻止”；B选项“进入”；C选项“捡起，获得，收拾”；D选项“调小，拒绝”。句意：美国人和中国人在与（）陌生人交谈的能力上有所不同。根据关键词：conversationswithstrangers，搭配最准确的是enterinto所以答案选B。

13.单选题

Wearemakinglittle（）inpollutioncontrol.

问题1选项

A.headway

B.sideway

C.edgeways

D.leeway

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项headway“前进；进步；航行速度；间隔时间”；B选项sideway“人行道；小巷”；C选项edgeways“侧着；边对边地；在边上的”；D选项leeway“退路；留有余地；风压差；余地”。根据固定搭配makelittleheadway“前进的步伐很小；没什么进展”可知该题选headway。句意：我们在控制污染方面成绩甚微。因此A选项正确。

14.单选题

Ifwedon'tstopflirtingwiththosedeathlynuclearweapons,thewholeglobewillbe（

）

问题1选项

A.empowered

B.punished

C.polluted

D.annihilated

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。句意:如果我们不停止与那些致命的核武器的亲密接触，整个地球将。empower:使控制局势，授权。punish:惩罚,处罚。pollute:污染，弄脏。annihilate:消灭，湮没。

15.单选题

DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.ThiswouldsoundweirdinDanish.WhenDanestalktoforeignersaboutDenmark,theyalwaysbeginbycommentingonitstininess,itsunimportance,thedifficultyofitslanguage,thegeneralsmall-mindednessandself-indulgenceoftheircountrymenandthehightaxes.NoDanewouldlookyouintheeyeandsay“Denmarkisagreatcountry.”You’resupposedtofigurethisoutforyourself.

Itisthelandofthesilksafetynet,wherealmosthalfthenationalbudgetgoestowardsmoothingoutlife’sinequalities,andthereisplentyofmoneyforschools,daycare,retrainingprograms,jobseminars—Danesloveseminars:threedaysatastudycenterhearingaboutwastemanagementisalmostasgoodasaskitrip.ItisaculturebombardedbyEnglish,inadvertising,popmusic,theInternet,anddespitealltheEnglishthatDanishabsorbs―thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit—olddialectspersistinJutlandthatcanbarelybeunderstoodbyCopenhageners.Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”andaforeignerisstruckbythesweetegalitarianismthatprevails,wherethelowliestclerkgivesyoualevelgaze,whereSirandMadamehavedisappearedfromcommonusage,evenMr.andMrs..It’sanationofrecyclers—about55%ofDanishgarbagegetsmadeintosomethingnew―andnonuclearpowerplants.It’sanationoftirelessplanners.Trainsrunontime.Thingsoperatewellingeneral.

Suchanationofoverachievers—abrochurefromtheMinistryofBusinessandIndustrysays,“Denmarkisoneoftheworld’scleanestandmostorganizedcountries,withvirtuallynopollution,crime,orpoverty.Denmarkisthemostcorruption-freesocietyintheNorthernHemisphere.”So,ofcourse,one’sheartliftsatanysightingofDanishsleaze:skinheadgraffitionbuildings(“ForeignersOutofDenmark!”),brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark.

Nonetheless,itisanorderlyland.YoudrivethroughaDanishtown,itcomestoanendatastonewall,andontheothersideisafieldofbarley,anicecleanline:townhere,countrythere.Itisnotanationofjaywalkers.Peoplestandonthecurbandwaitfortheredlighttochange,evenifit’s2a.m.andthere’snotacarinsight.However,Danesdon’tthinkofthemselvesasawaiting-at-2-a.m.-for-the-green-lightpeople―that’showtheyseeSwedesandGermans.Danesseethemselvesasjazzypeople,improvisers,morefreespiritedthanSwedes,butthetruthis(thoughoneshouldnotsayit)thatDanesareverymuchlikeGermansandSwedes.Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.Denmarkhasfewnaturalresources,limitedmanufacturingcapability;itsfutureinEuropewillbeasabroker,banker,anddistributorofgoods.YousendyourgoodsbycontainershiptoCopenhagen,andthesebright,young,English-speaking,utterlyhonest,highlydisciplinedpeoplewillgetyourgoodsaroundtoScandinavia,theBalticStates,andRussia.Airports,seaports,highways,andraillinesareultramodernandwell-maintained.

Theorderlinessofthesocietydoesn’tmeanthatDanishlivesarelessmessyorlonelythanyoursormine,andnoDanewouldtellyouso.Youcanhearplentyaboutbitterfamilyfeudsandthesorrowsofalcoholismandaboutperfectlysensiblepeoplewhowentoffonedayandkilledthemselves.Anorderlysocietycannotexemptitsmembersfromthehazardsoflife.

ButthereisasenseofentitlementandsecuritythatDanesgrowupwith.Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship,andyoushouldn’tfeelbadfortakingwhatyou’reentitledto,you’reasgoodasanyoneelse.Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone,thebenefitsyougetifyouloseyourjob,thestepsyoutaketogetanewone;andtheorderlinessofthesystemmakesitpossibleforthecountrytoweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.

1.TheauthorthinksthatDanesadopta（）attitudetowardstheircountry.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaDanishcharacteristiccitedinthepassage?

3.Theauthor’sreactiontothestatementbytheMinistryofBusinessandIndustryis（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,Danishorderliness（）.

5.AttheendofthepassagetheauthorstatesallthefollowingEXCEPTthat（）.

问题1选项

A.boastful

B.modest

C.deprecating

D.mysterious

问题2选项

A.Fondnessofforeignculture.

B.Equalityinsociety.

C.Linguistictolerance.

D.Persistentplanning.

问题3选项

A.disapproving

B.approving

C.noncommittal

D.doubtful

问题4选项

A.setsthepeopleapartfromGermansandSwedes

B.sparesDanessocialtroublesbesettingotherpeoples

C.isconsideredeconomicallyessentialtothecountry

D.preventsDanesfromacknowledgingexistingtroubles

问题5选项

A.Danesareclearlyinformedoftheirsocialbenefits

B.Danestakeforgrantedwhatisgiventothem

C.theopensystemhelpstotidethecountryover

D.orderlinesshasalleviatedunemployment

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到原文首段“DespiteDenmark’smanifestvirtues,DanesnevertalkabouthowproudtheyaretobeDanes.”，中文翻译为：尽管丹麦有着明显的优点，但是丹麦人却从不谈及自己身为丹麦人有多么自豪。因此B选项“谦虚的”符合题意。

2.【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干关键词Danishcharacteristic可定位到文章第二段Itisthelandwhere,asthesayinggoes,“fewhavetoomuchandfewerhavetoolittle,”，中文翻译为：正如俗语所说，它（即丹麦）是一个‘很少人拥有太多且更少的人拥有太少’的国土，对应B选项“社会平等”。第二段中“thereisnoDanishAcademytodefendagainstit”，中文翻译为：没有一个丹麦的学院去反对它（英语），对应C选项“语言的容忍”。以及第二段“It’sanationoftirelessplanners.”中文翻译为：它是一个有着不知疲倦的规划者的国家。对应D选项“持续的规划”。因此A项符合题意。

3.【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干可以定位到文章第三段“...brokenbeerbottlesinthegutters,drunkenteenagersslumpedinthepark…”，中文翻译为：水沟中打碎的啤酒瓶，倒在公园里的喝醉的青少年。可知答案为D项“怀疑的”。

4.【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干关键词Danishorderliness可以定位到文章第四段“Orderlinessisamainsellingpoint.”，中文翻译为：有序是一个主要的卖点。因此C项“在经济上对这个国家被认为是至关重要的”正确。

5.【试题解析】细节事实题。A项“丹麦人清楚地被告知自己的社会福利”可定位到文章倒数第一段“Therulesofthewelfaresystemarecleartoeveryone.”，中文翻译为：福利系统的制度对每个人都是显然的。B选项“丹麦人将被给予自己的东西当成理所当然”对应文章最后一段中“Certainthingsareyoursbyvirtueofcitizenship.”，中文翻译为：某些东西由于你是公民而是你的。C选项“公开的系统有助于这个国家度过困难时期”对应最后一段“…toweatherhighunemploymentandsocialunrestwithoutasenseofcrisis.”，中文翻译为：在没有危机感的情况下去经受住失业和社会动荡。因此可知答案为D“有序缓解了失业”。

16.单选题

Forallherrichexperienceinpracticinglaw,thelawyerfailedtoprymuchinformationoutofthe______witness.

问题1选项

A.sophisticated

B.obstinate

C.sober

D.gloomy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项sophisticated“复杂的；精致的；久经世故的；富有经验的”；B选项obstinate“顽固的；倔强的；难以控制的”；C选项sober“冷静的，清醒的；未醉的”；D选项gloomy“黑暗的；沮丧的；阴郁的”。句意：尽管这位律师有丰富的律师执业经验，但她未能从这位固执的证人那里打听到多少信息。因此B选项正确。

17.单选题

Artisconsideredbymanypeopletobelittlemorethanadecorativemeansofgivingpleasure.Thisisnotalwaysthecase,however;attimes,artmaybeseentohaveapurelyfunctionalsideaswell.SuchcouldbesaidofthesandpaintingsoftheNavahoIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest;thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose.

AccordingtoNavahotraditions,onewhosuffersfromeitheramentaloraphysicalillnesshasinsomewaydisturbedorcomeincontactwiththesupernatural—perhapsacertainanimal,aghost,orthedead.Tocounteractthisevilcontact,theillpersonoroneofhisrelativeswillemployamedicinemancalleda“singer”toperformahealingceremonywhichwillattractapowerfulsupernaturalbeing.

Duringtheceremony,whichmaylastfrom2to9days,the“singer”willproduceasandpaintingontheflooroftheNavahohogan.Onthelastdayoftheceremony,thepatientwillsitonthissandpaintingandthe“singer”willrubtheailingpartsofthepatient'sbodywithsandfromaspecificfigureinthesandpainting.Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeingandbecomesstronglikeit.Aftertheceremony,thesandpaintingisthendestroyedanddisposedofsoitspowerwillnotharmanyone.

Theartofsandpaintingishandeddownfromold“singer”totheirstudents.ThematerialusedareeasilyfoundintheareastheNavahoinhabit:brown,red,yellow,andwhitesandstone,whichispulverizedbybeingcrushedbetween2stonesmuchascornsisgroundintoflour.The“singer”holdsasmallamountofthissandinhishandandletsitflowbetweenhisthumbandfore-fingerontoaclean,flatsurfaceonthefloor.Withasteadyhandandgreatpatience,heisthusabletocreatedesignsofstylizedpeople,snakesandothercreaturesthathavepowerintheNavahobeliefsystem.ThetraditionalNavahodoesnotallowreproductionofsandpaintings,sincehebelievesthesupernaturalpowersthattaughthimthecrafthaveforbiddenthis;however,suchreproductionscaninfactbepurchasedtodayintouristshopsinArizonaandNewMexico.ThesearedonebyeitherNavahoIndiansorbyotherpeoplewhowishtopreservethiscraft.

1.Thepurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

2.Thepurposeofahealingceremonyliesin

（

）.

3.The“singer”rubssandonthepatientbecause

（

）.

4.Whatisusedtoproduceasandpainting?

5.Whichofthefollowingtitleswillbebestsuitthepassage?

问题1选项

A.discussthemedicalusesofsandpaintingsinmedievalEurope.

B.studythewaysNavahoIndianshandeddowntheirpaintingart.

C.considerhowNavaho“singer”treattheirailmentswithsandpaintings.

D.tellhowNavahoIndiansapplysandpaintingformedicalpurposes.

问题2选项

A.pleasingtheghosts

B.attractingsupernaturalpowers

C.attractingtheghosts

D.creatingasandpainting

问题3选项

A.thepatientreceivesstrengthfromthesand

B.ithaspharmaceuticalvalue

C.itdecoratethepatient

D.noneoftheabove

问题4选项

A.Paint

B.Beachsand

C.Crushedsandstone

D.Flour

问题5选项

A.ANewDirectionforMedicalResearch

B.TheNavahoIndians’SandPainting

C.TheprocessofSandpaintingCreation

D.TheNavahoIndians’MedicalHistory

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章首先指出艺术除娱乐还有其他功能。之后便纳瓦霍人的传统为例,说明了沙画师如何在治疗疾病方面发挥作用的,故选D。

2.细节事实题。根据题干关键词ahealingceremony定位至第二段:Tocounteractthisevilcontact,theillpersonoroneofhisrelativeswillemployamedicinemancalleda“singer5’toperformahealingceremonywhichwillattractapowerfulsupernaturalbeing(为了抵消这种邪恶力量，病人或其亲戚将会请一位“歌唱者”举行一场治疗仪式，通过这种仪式将邪恶力量吸引过去)。故选B。

3.细节事实题。根据题干定位至第三段:Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeingandbecomesstronglikeit(通过这种方式，那些邪恶的力量都将被病人吸取，最终病人的身体会变得强健)。故选A。

4.细节事实题。第四段指出:ThematerialusedareeasilyfoundintheareastheNavahoinhabit:brown,red,yellow,andwhitesandstone,whichispulverizedbybeingcrushedbetween2stonesmuchascornsisgroundintoflour(所用材料在纳瓦霍人居住地范围内很容易获得。通过两块石头将棕色、红色、黄色和白色的沙石研磨成粉状，就像将玉米研磨成粉状一样)。故选C。

5.主旨大意题。文章以纳瓦霍人的传统为例，详细讨论了沙画是如何在治疗疾病方面发挥作用。故选B。

18.单选题

Ametropolitanareaconsistsofacentralcityandmanysuburbanareasinits（

）.

问题1选项

A.vicinity

B.vessel

C.upkeep

D.verge

【答案】A

【解析】vicinity邻近，附近；vessel船，舰；upkeep维持，保养；verge边缘。句意：大都市区由一个中心城市和它附近的许多郊区组成。选项A符合句意。

19.单选题

Foragoodweek,bothsideshavebeenseekinganequitablesolutiontothisdispute.

问题1选项

A.potential

B.impartial

C.balanced

D.uneven

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项potential“潜在的”；B选项impartial“公平的”；C选项balanced“平衡的”；D选项uneven“不均匀的”。句意：一个星期以来，双方一直在寻求公平解决这一争端。划线部分equitable是公平的意思。因此B选项正确。

20.翻译题

GenerationJoblessThenumberofyoungpeopleoutofworkgloballyisnearlyasbigasthepopulationoftheUnitedStates

"YOUNGpeopleoughtnottobeidle.Itisverybadforthem,"saidMargaretThatcherin1984.Shewasright:therearefewworsethingsthatsocietycandotoitsyoungthantoleavetheminlimbo.

1.Thosewhostarttheircareersonthedolearemorelikelytohavelowerwagesandmorespellsofjoblessnesslaterinlife,becausetheyloseoutonthechancetoacquireskillsandself-confidenceintheirformativeyears.

Yetmoreyoungpeopleareidlethanever.OECDfiguressuggestthat26m15-to24-year-oidsindevelopedcountriesarenotinemployment,educationortraining;thenumberofyoungpeoplewithoutajobhasrisenby30%since2007.TheInternationalLabourOrganisationreportsthat75myoungpeoplegloballyarelookingforajob.WorldBanksurveyssuggestthat262myoungpeopleinemergingmarketsareeconomicallyinactive.Dependingonhowyoumeasurethem,thenumberofyoungpeoplewithoutajobisnearlyaslargeasthepopulationofAmerica(311m).

2.Twofactorsplayabigpart.First,thelongslowdownintheWesthasreduceddemandforlabour,anditiseasiertoputoffhiringyoungpeoplethanitistofireolderworkers.Second,inemergingeconomiespopulationgrowthisfastestincountrieswithdysfunctionallabourmarkets,suchasIndiaandEgypt.

Theresultisan"areofunemployment",fromsouthernEuropethroughnorthAfricaandtheMiddleEasttoSouthAsia,wheretherichworld'srecessionmeetsthepoorworld'syouthquake.TheangeroftheyoungjoblesshasalreadyburstontothestreetsintheMiddleEast.Violentcrime,generallyindeclineintherichworld,isrisinginSpain,ItalyandPortugal—countrieswithstartlinglyhighyouthunemployment.

Willgrowthgivethemajob?

Themostobviouswaytotacklethisproblemistoreignitegrowth.Thatiseasiersaidthandoneinaworldplaguedbydebt,andisanywayonlyapartialanswer.Thecountrieswheretheproblemisworst(suchasSpainandEgypt)sufferedfromhighyouthunemploymentevenwhentheireconomiesweregrowing.

3.Throughouttherecessioncompanieshavecontinuedtocomplainthattheycannotfindyoungpeoplewiththefightskills.Thisunderlinestheimportanceoftwoothersolutions:reforminglabourmarketsandimprovingeducation.Thesearefamiliarprescriptions,butonesthatneedtobedeliveredwithbothanewvigourandanewtwist.

Youthunemploymentisoftenatitsworstincountrieswithrigidlabourmarkets.Cartelisedindustries,hightaxesonhiring,strictrulesaboutfiring,highminimumwages:allthesehelpcondemnyoungpeopletothestreetcomer.SouthAfricahassomeofthehighestunemploymentsouthoftheSahara,inpartbecauseithaspowerfultradeunionsandrigidrulesabouthiringandfiring.Manycountriesintheareofyouthunemploymenthavehighminimumwagesandheavytaxesonlabour.Indiahasaround200lawsonworkandpay.

Deregulatinglabourmarketsisthuscentraltotacklingyouthunemployment.Butitwillnotbeenoughonitsown.Britainhasaflexiblelabourmarketandhighyouthunemployment.Incountrieswithbetterrecords,governmentstendtotakeamoreactiveroleinfindingjobsforthosewhoarestruggling.Germany,whichhasthesecond-lowestlevelofyouthunemploymentintherichworld,paysaproportionofthewagesofthelongtermunemployedforthefirsttwoyears.TheNordiccountriesprovideyoungpeoplewith"personalisedplans"togetthemintoemploymentortraining.ButthesepoliciesaretooexpensivetoreproduceinsouthernEurope,withtheirmillionsofunemployed,letalonetheemergingworld.

4.Acheaperapproachistoreformlabour-hungrybitsoftheeconomv—forexample,bymakingiteasierforsmallbusinessestogetlicences,orconstructioncompaniestogetapprovalforprojects,orshopstostayopenintheevening.

ThegraduateglutAcrosstheOECD,peoplewholeftschoolattheearliestopportunityaretwiceaslikelytobeunemployedasuniversitygraduates.Butitisunwisetoconcludethatgovernmentsshouldsimplycontinuewiththeestablishedpolicyofboostingthenumberofpeoplewhograduatefromuniversity.InbothBritainandtheUnitedStatesmanypeoplewithexpensiveliberal-artsdegreesarefindingitimpossibletogetdecentjobs.InnorthAfrica