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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连装备制造职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题
Allovertheworld,yourchancesofsuccessinschoolandlifedependmoreonyourfamilycircumstancesthanonanyotherfactor.Byagethree,kidswithprofessionalparentsarealreadyafullyearaheadoftheirpoorerpeers.Theyknowtwiceasmanywordsasmanywordsandscore40pointshigheronIQtests.Byage10,thegapisthreeyears.Bythen,somepoorchildrenhavenotmasteredbasicreadingandmathskills,andmanyneverwill:hisistheageatwhichfailurestartstobecomeirreversible.
Afewschoolsystemsseemtohavefiguredouthowtoerasethesegaps.Finlandensuresthateverychildcompletesbasiceducationandmeetsarigorousstandard.OneFinnishdistrictofficial,askedaboutthenumberofchildrenwhodon’tcompleteschoolinhercity,replied,”Icantellyoutheirnamesifyouwant.“IntheUnitedStates,KIPPcharterschoolsenrollstudentsfromthepoorestfamiliesandensurethatmostalmosteveryoneofthemgraduateshighschool—80percentmakeittocollege.Singaporenarroweditsachievementgapamongethnicminoritiesfrom17percentto5percentover20years.
Thesesuccessstoriesofferlessonsfortherestofus.First,getchildrenintoschoolearly.High-qualitypre-schoolingdoesmoreforachild’schancesinschoolandlifethananyothereducationalintervention.Onestudy,whichbeganinthe1960s,trackedtwogroupsofstudentsfromdisadvantagedbackgrounds.Someweregiventheopportunitytoattendahigh-qualitypre-school;otherswerenot.Thirty-fiveyearslater,thekidswhowenttopre-schoolearnedmore,hadbetterjobs,andwerelesslikelytohavebeeninprisonordivorced.
Second,recognizethattheaveragekidspendsabouthalfhiswakinghoursupuntiltheageof18outsideofschool—don’tignorethattime.KIPPstudentsspend60percentmoretimeinschoolthantheaverageAmericanstudents.Theyarriveearlier,leavelater,attendmoreregularly,andevengotoschooleveryotherSaturday.Similarly,in1996,Chileextendeditsschooldaytoaddtheequivalentofmorethantwomoreyearsofschooling.
Third,pourlotsofefforttotrainteachers.StudiesintheUnitedStateshaveshownthatkidswiththemosteffectiveteacherslearnthreetimesasmuchasthosewiththeleasteffective.SystemssuchasSingapore’sarechoosyaboutrecruiting;theyinvestintrainingandcontinuingeducation;theyevaluateteachersregularly,andtheyawardbonusesonlytothetopperformers.
Finally,recognizethevalueofindividualizedattention.InFinland,kidswhostarttostrugglereceiveone-to-onesupportfromtheirteachers.RoughlyoneinthreeFinnishstudentsalsogetsextrahelpfromatutoreachyear.Ifwecanlearnthelessonofwhatworks,wecanbuildonit.
1.WhatcanweinferfromtheFinnishdistrictofficial’sreplyinParagraph2?
2.Whyisitimportantforkidstoattendahigh-qualitypre-school?WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
3.Themostimportanteducationalfactorforachildtoachievesuccessinschoolandlifeisto______.
4.WhydoesSingaporelaysomuchemphasisontheroleofteachers?
5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?
问题1选项
A.Sheexpressesadesiretoshowoffhergoodmemory.
B.Sheiswillingtooffertheinformationatanytime.
C.Herjobrequireshertorememberallthestudents’names.
D.ThebasiceducationispaidmuchattentiontoinFinland.
问题2选项
A.Kidscanlearnbetterandmore.
B.Kidstendtobepsychologicallyhealthywhentheygrowup.
C.Kidscanhaveabrighterfuture.
D.Whentheygrowup,thekidswishtoearnmoremoney.
问题3选项
A.receiveagoodandearlypre-schooling
B.prolonghisorherlearningtimeinschool
C.getinstructionfrommoreexcellentteachers
D.getperson-to-personhelpfromtheteachers
问题4选项
A.Kidslikeseriousteachers.
B.Kidscanhavebetterchancestolearnmoreandbetter.
C.Goodteacherscancreateahappyandrelaxedenvironment.
D.Kidswanttokeepagoodrelationshipwithteachers.
问题5选项
A.Theimportanceoffamilyeconomicconditionstokids’successinstudyandlife.
B.Theachievementgapbetweenchildrenfromwealthyfamiliesandpoorerones.
C.Somecountrieshaveachievedsuccessinerasingthegapbetweenchildrencompletely.
D.Howtonarrowtheachievementgapbetweenkidsfromdifferentfamilybackgrounds.
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:D
第3题:A
第4题:B
第5题:A
【解析】1.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干,可以定位到文章第二段第二句Finlandensuresthateverychildcompletesbasiceducationandmeetsarigorousstandard.(芬兰确保每个孩子完成基础教育,并达到严格的标准)。D选项“芬兰非常重视基础教育”,根据文章内容,芬兰非常重视基础教育,未接受基础教育的孩子屈指可数,D选项正确。A选项“她想要炫耀她的好记性”,文章并不是想要表明她的记性好,A选项可排除。B选项“她愿意随时提供信息”,文章没有提到此内容,B选项可排除。C选项“她的工作要求她记住所有学生的名字”,她的工作内容并不是要记住孩子的名字,C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。
2.【试题答案】D
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干我们可以定位到文章第三段。D选项“当他们长大了,孩子们希望赚更多的钱”,文章第三段提到thekidswhowenttopre-schoolearnedmore,hadbetterjobs,andwerelesslikelytohavebeeninprisonordivorced.(上过学前班的孩子收入更高,有更好的工作,入狱或离婚的可能性更小。),可推测上过学前班的孩子挣得更多,有更好的工作,但并不是他们希望能够挣到更多的钱,D选项符合题意,因此选择D。A选项“孩子们可以学得更好、更多”,可以定位到文章第三段High-qualitypre-schoolingdoesmoreforachild’schancesinschoolandlifethananyothereducationalintervention.(高质量的学前教育比任何其他教育干预都更有助于孩子在学校和生活中的机会)。A选项可排除。B选项“孩子们长大后心理往往是健康的”,可以定位到文章第三段andwerelesslikelytohavebeeninprisonordivorced.(孩子们长大后入狱的机会小),因此可推测,接受学前教育的孩子们长大后心理更健康,B选项可排除。C选项“孩子们可以有一个更光明的未来”,文章第三段thekidswhowenttopre-schoolearnedmore,hadbetterjobs(孩子们有更好的工作,更高的收入),因此推测,接受高质量学前教育的儿童,可能有一个更光明的未来,C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。
3.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文中第三段第一、二句Thesesuccessstoriesofferlessonsfortherestofus.First,getchildrenintoschoolearly.High-qualitypre-schoolingdoesmoreforachild’schancesinschoolandlifethananyothereducationalintervention.(这些成功的故事为我们其他人提供了教训。首先,让孩子们早点上学。高质量的学前教育比任何其他教育干预都更有助于孩子在学校和生活中的机会)。A选项“接受良好和早期的学前教育”,符合文章所说的内容,儿童接受早期教育越早,越有助于获得成功,A选项正确。B选项“延长在学校的学习时间”,文章第四段提到KIPPstudentsspend60percentmoretimeinschoolthantheaverageAmericanstudents.(KIPP学生在学校的时间比普通美国学生多),这不是孩子成功的主要原因,可排除B选项。C选项“得到更多优秀教师的指导”,文章倒数第二段提到pourlotsofefforttotrainteachers.(只是培训教师),可排除C选项。D选项“从老师那里得到面对面的帮助”,文章最后一段提到kidswhostarttostrugglereceiveone-to-onesupportfromtheirteachers.(开始有困难的会获得老师一对一的支持),但这不是孩子获得成功的根本原因,可排除D选项。因此A选项正确。
4.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文中第五段第二句StudiesintheUnitedStateshaveshownthatkidswiththemosteffectiveteacherslearnthreetimesasmuchasthosewiththeleasteffective(美国的研究表明,拥有最高效教师的孩子学到的东西是低效教师的三倍)。B选项“孩子们可以有更好的机会学到更多更好的东西”,符合文章内容,高效教师使孩子学得更多,B选项正确。A选项“孩子们喜欢严肃的老师”,文章没有提到此内容,排除A选项。C选项“好的老师可以创造一个快乐和轻松的环境”,文章没有提到此内容,可排除C选项。D选项“孩子们想要和老师保持良好的关系”,文章没有提到这个内容,可排除D选项。因此B选项正确。
5.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】主旨大意题。通读全文。A选项“家庭经济条件对孩子学习和生活成功的重要性”,文章第一段提到Allovertheworld,yourchancesofsuccessinschoolandlifedependmoreonyourfamilycircumstancesthanonanyotherfactor(在世界各地,你在学校和生活中取得成功的机会更多地取决于你的家庭环境,而不是其他任何因素),因此文章的主要内容,便是家庭环境对孩子成功的重要性,且围绕此观点展开,A选项正确。B选项“富裕家庭和贫困家庭孩子之间的成就差距”,文章只是部分内容提到这个观点,B选项可排除。C选项“一些国家在完全消除儿童之间的差距方面取得了成功”,文章只是说让孩子接受基础教育方面取得较大的进展,并不是完全消除差距,C选项可排除。D选项“如何缩小不同家庭背景的孩子之间的成绩差距”,文章没有提到这个内容,可排除D。因此A选项正确。
2.单选题
Theannual()ofthedepartmentstorestartstomorrow.
问题1选项
A.stocking
B.stocktaking
C.stockpiling
D.stockholding
【答案】B
【解析】形近词辨析。stocking长袜;stocktaking盘点存货;stockpiling贮存,囤积;stockholding持有股票或证券。句意:百货公司的年度盘点明天开始。选项B符合句意。
3.单选题
Themeasuresarelittlemorethan____thatwillfadefastonceinvestorstakeahardlookatthem.
问题1选项
A.blindfaith
B.windowdressing
C.goodimpression
D.winningimage
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“blindfaith”,意为“盲目的信念”;B选项“windowdressing”,意为“装点门面”;C选项“goodimpression”,意为“好的印象”;D选项“winningimage”意为“赢者的形象”,句意:这些措施不过是装点门面,一旦投资者仔细观察,它们很快就会消失。因此,B选项符合句意。
4.单选题
InNovember1970YukioMishima,togetherwithsomeofhisfanaticalfollowersfromtheultranationalisticShieldSocietywhichhehadfoundedin1966,brokeintotheheadquartersofJapan’sEasternDefenseForcesarmedwithswordsanddaggers,overpoweredsomeaides,tiedupthecommandinggeneral,anddemandedthatthetroopsbeassembledtohearaspeech.Mishimaaddressedthetroopsfortenminutes,incitingthemtorebelagainsttheconstitutionalgovernmentimposedbytheUnitedStatesthathad,inhiswords,“turnedJapanspineless”.Receivingonlyridiculeinresponse,hereturnedtothegeneral’sofficeandthere,beforethegeneral’sunbelievingeyes,proceededtokillhimselfinstrictaccordancewiththetraditionalsamurairitualofseppuku.AfterMishimahaddrivenadaggerdeepintohisleftabdomen,oneofhisaidesseveredhisheadwithasword.Theaidelikewisekilledhimselfandwasbeheaded;theotherssurrendered.
In1936therehadbeenasimilarrevoltand,thoughequallyunsuccessful,ithadforeshadowedtherepressiveregimeofGeneralTojothatwastostagetheattackonPearlHarborin1941.ThatearlierrevoltistheonereferredtoinPatriotism,oneofMishima’smostpowerfulstories.Herelifeandfictionbecomejoined.TheactofseppukuwasforMishimaafulfillment,“theultimatedreamofmylife.”Bornofanancientsamuraifamily,helongedtodieahero’sdeathinaccordancewiththeancientsamuraicode;buthisweakbodykepthimfromserviceinthewar,andhehadtocompensatethroughbodybuilding(hebecameexpertatkarateandkendo)and,mostimportant,throughthedisciplineofwriting.Inhisshortlifetimeheturnedouttwentynovels,thirtyplays,manyessays,andmorethaneightystories:healsoproduced,directed,andactedinmovies,andevensangonstage.Hisfirstbookofstories,AForestinFlower,appearedin1943,butitwasConfessionofaMask(1948),dealingwiththemeditationsofayoungmanofhomosexualleaningsinarepressivesociety,thatbroughthimfame.
Mishimahasbeencalled“Japan’sHemingway,”whileothershavecomparedhimto“aesthetic”writerslikeWalterPeterandOscarWilde.
1.Thearticleimpliesthat().
2.TheaimoftherebelledbyMishimawas().
3.Inthe1970rebel,thespeechmadebyMishima().
4.Whatistrueaccordingtothearticle?
5.Mishimabecameawell-knownwriterafterhehad().
问题1选项
A.Mishimarefusedtojointhearmywhenhewasyoung
B.Mishimahasbeenregardedasalunaticwriter
C.Mishimaisapersonwhoishardtodefine
D.criticsallagreethatMishimaisanaestheticwriter
问题2选项
A.tocapturethecommandinggeneral
B.tourgethegovernmenttodeclareawaragainstAmerica
C.toincitethesoldierstorebelagainsttheconstitutionalgovernment
D.toforcetheEmperortogiveupthethrone
问题3选项
A.waswellreceivedbythesoldiers
B.waslaughedatbythesoldiers
C.impressedthecommandinggeneral
D.leftadeepimpressiontothesoldiers
问题4选项
A.ThegeneralknewthatMishimahadlongedtodieahero’sdeath.
B.ThegeneralwasgreatlytakenabackbyMishima’ssuicideattempt.
C.SomesoldierssurrenderedafterMishima,sspeech.
D.OneofMishima’saideswaskilledbythesoldiers.
问题5选项
A.written“Patriotism,”oneofhismostpowerfulstories
B.writteneightyshortstories
C.published“AForestinFlower”
D.published“ConfessionofaMask”
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:C
第3题:B
第4题:A
第5题:D
【解析】1.细节推理题。根据原文内容可知,本文主要是讲YukioMishima的生平,选项A与原文不符;选项B和D太片面,选项C更准确,所以本题选C。
2.细节判断题。根据关键词“rebel”定位到第一段“Mishimaaddressedthetroopsfortenminutes,incitingthemtorebelagainsttheconstitutionalgovernmentimposedbytheUnitedStates...”Mishima向军队发表了十分钟的演讲,煽动他们反抗美国强加给他们的立宪政府。选项C符合原文。
3.细节事实题。根据第一段“Receivingonlyridiculeinresponse”可知Mishima发表演讲后只得到嘲笑的回应,选项B符合原文。
4.细节判断题。根据第二段“TheactofseppukuwasforMishimaafulfillment,‘theultimatedreamofmylife.’”切腹自尽对Mishima来说是一种实现,实现的是他“生命中的终极梦想”。也就是说他渴望像英雄一样死去,选项A正确。选项B在文中没有提及;选项C,D均与原文不符。所以本题选A。
5.细节事实题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“...butitwasConfessionofaMask(1948),...,thatbroughthimfame.”可知选项D正确。
5.翻译题
Anindividualhumanexistenceshouldbelikeariver—smallatfirst,narrowlycontainedwithinitsbanks,andrushingpassionatelypastrocksandoverwaterfalls.Graduallytherivergrowswider,thebanksrecede,thewatersflowmorequietly,andintheend,withoutanyvisiblebreak,theybecomemergedinthesea,andpainlesslylosetheirindividualbeing.Theman,who,inoldage,canseehislifeinthisway,willnotsufferfromthefearofdeath,sincethethingshecaresforwillcontinue.Andif,withthedecayofvitality,wearinessincreases,thethoughtofrestwillnotbeunwelcome.Ishouldwishtodiewhilestillatwork,knowingthatotherswillcarryonwhatIcannolongerdoandcontentinthethoughtthatwhatwaspossiblehasbeendone.
【答案】参考译文:
一个人的存在应该像一条河流——开始是涓涓细流,被限制在狭窄的河岸之间,然后热情奔放地冲过岩石,越过瀑布。渐渐地,河面变宽了,河岸也远去,河水流动得更加平静。最后,它没有间断地融入了大海,而后便毫无痛苦地消失了自我。能够这样理解自己一生的老人,就不会因害怕死亡而痛苦,因为他所珍爱的一切都会继续存在下去。而且,随着精力的衰退,倦意的增加,长眠的想法并不是不受欢迎的。我希望死于尚能劳作之时,知道别人会继续我未竟的事业,一想到能做的事都做了,就感到满足。
6.单选题
Duringthe1700sand1800s,majorfightingduringwarsgenerallyceasedforthewintersandarmiestookupwinterencampments.AswinterdescendeduponPennsylvaniain1777,GeneralGeorgeWashingtonchoseValleyForge,Pennsylvania,someeighteenmileswestofPhiladelphiaassiteofthewinterencampmentoftheContinentalArmy.TheareawasfarenoughawayfromtheBritishinPhiladelphiatodiscouragesurpriseattacksanditslocationbetweenhighhillsandtheSchuylkillRivermadeiteasilydefensible.
TheContinentalArmy,however,wasinbadshape.Ofthe12,000soldiers,manylackedthesuppliesorclothingtosurvivethewinterandmanyotherswerestarvingatthispoint.AtValleyForge,defenselineswerebuiltalongwithover1,000hutstoprovidesomerelieffromthebrutalelements.
Moisturefromrainandmeltingsnowmadeitimpossibleformanysoldierstostaydryandallowedforthespreadofdisease.Theonlyreliablefoodthatthesoldiersreceivedwasamixtureofflourandwaterknownas“firecake.’’Occasionally,soldiersreceivedmeatandbread.Furthermore,manysoldiershadinadequatesuppliesofclothingandwereforcedtoendurethewinterintattersandwithoutblankets.Manylackedshoes.Woundedsoldiersoftendiedfromexposuretotheelements.Unsanitaryandcrowdedconditionsledtotheproliferationofdiseasesandsicknessessuchastyphoidandpneumonia.
Over2,000peoplediedfromsuchsicknesses.
OnFebruary23,1778,formerGermanGeneralBaronvonSteubenarrivedatValleyForgetotrainthePatriotshowtomarchinformation,firegunsquickly,usebayonetsandbecomesoldiers.ThoughvonSteubenspokelittleEnglish,hedevelopedatrainingmanualinFrenchthatwouldbetranslatedonthegroundsintoEnglish.UnlikemanyAmericangenerals,vonSteubenworkeddirectlywiththesoldiers,endearinghimtothethousandssufferingatValleyForge.VonSteuben’spresencedidmuchtoimprovethemoraleofthearmyduringthebitterwinterandalsohelpedthemdevelopintoamoretactical,effectivemilitarymachine,capableoffightingtheBritish.
OnJune19,1778,theContinentalArmyleftValleyForgeinpursuitoftheBritishwhoweremovingnorthtoNewYork.
1.WhydidGeneralWashingtonchooseValleyForgeasthesiteofhisarmy’swinterencampment?
2.HowwasBaronVonSteubendifferentfromAmericangenerals?
3.WhatwasprobablythemostimportantcontributionsmadebyBaronVonSteuben?
4.Whathappenedlast?
问题1选项
A.Itwasclosetoasourceofwater.
B.Itwaswarmerthananyotherencampments.
C.Itslocationmadeiteasytodefend.
D.Itwastheonlyplacewherehewouldn’tbeattacked.
问题2选项
A.Heneverworkeddirectlywithsoldiers.
B.Heworkeddirectlywithsoldiers.
C.Hewouldgointobattlewithsoldiers.
D.HelikedtheBritish.
问题3选项
A.HehelpedtransformtheContinentalArmyintoanarmythatcouldactuallyfighttheBritish.
B.Hetaughtthesoldiershowtousebayonets.
C.HetaughtthesoldiersthattheirGeneralsdidnothavetospeakgoodEnglish
D.Heprovidedthesoldierswiththingstolaughabout.
问题4选项
A.TheContinentalArmylearnedtofiregunsfasterandtousebayonets.
B.TheContinentalArmybegantheirpursuitoftheBritish.
C.ItwasApril1778whenthewarfinallycametoanend.
D.BaronVonSteubenarrived.
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:A
第4题:B
【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段,“TheareawasfarenoughawayfromtheBritishinPhiladelphiatodiscouragesurpriseattacksanditslocationbetweenhighhillsandtheSchuylkillRivermadeiteasilydefensible.”该地区离英国人在费城的地区足够远,而且由于地形原因,可以免于遭受突袭。选项C符合题意。
2.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段,“UnlikemanyAmericangenerals,VonSteubenworkeddirectlywiththesoldiers,endearinghimtothethousandssufferingatValleyForge.”VonSteuben跟美国将军的不同之处在于他直接和士兵们一起工作,受到了人们的爱戴。选项B符合题意。
3.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段,“VonSteuben’spresencedidmuchtoimprovethemoraleofthearmy…andalsohelpedthemdevelopintoamoretactical,effectivemilitarymachine,capableoffightingtheBritish.”,可见VonSteuben做出的最大的贡献是提高了士兵的士气,使军队有足够的能力与英军作战。选项A符合题意。
4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段,大陆军开始了对英军的追击。选项B符合题意。
7.单选题
Thealliessufferedlessthan20(
)whileenemylossesweresaidtobehigh.
问题1选项
A.casualties
B.consequences
C.calamities
D.severities
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。casualty意为“(战争或事故的)伤员,伤亡”;consequence意为“结果,后果”;calamity意为“灾祸,灾难”;severity意为“严重”。
句意:同盟国遭受伤亡的人数不到20,而敌人的伤亡据说很高。
8.翻译题
Astudysuggeststhelong-termsurvivalbenefitsofshoppingarebetterthangoingtothegym,becauseseeingfriendsandjustpeople-watchingcanstaveofflonelinessandimprovepsychologicalhealth.
Theresearchersfoundthosewhoshoppeddailylivedlongerthanthosewhoshoppedlessfrequently,evenaftertakingaccountsofpeople’sphysicalorotherhealthproblems.Inshoppingvenues,socializingwith,orwatchingotherscanprovidesocialandmentalbenefits.Comparedwithothertypesofleisure-timephysicalactivity,likeformalexercise,whichusuallyrequiresmotivationandsometimesprofessionalinstruction,shoppingiseasiertoundertakeandmaintain.
【答案】一项研究表明,购物比健身更有利于长寿,因为见见朋友和仅仅看看路人就可以避免孤独和改善心理健康。
研究人员发现,那些每天购物的人比那些不经常购物的人活得更长,即使在考虑了人们的身体或其他健康问题之后也是如此。在购物场所,与他人交流或看看他人可以丰富社交,带来精神上的好处。与其他类型的休闲体育活动相比,比如正式的锻炼,这通常需要动力,有时还需要专业指导,购物更容易进行和坚持下去。
9.单选题
Alwayssincethecreationofcelluloid,plasticshavebeenfoundtohaveamultitudeofindustrialandcommercialuses.
问题1选项
A.Always
B.plastics
C.tohave
D.amultitudeof
【答案】A
【解析】根据题意,A选项句首应该为eversince“自从”,句意:自从发明了电影胶片,人们发现塑料有很多商业和工业的用途。选项A符合题意。
10.单选题
IamneverthefirstinlinetotryoutorbuynewtechnologiesCaseinpoint:IamtheonlypersonIknowwhohasmanagedtosurviveontheplanetthislongwithoutowningacellphone.Iliveasimple,wirefreelifeinamountainousvillageonaremoteislandintheAegean.
Thisiswhywemovedhere,toleavethecitysmogandtheall-franticpacebehindus.Instead,wearesurroundedbygoatsandcats.Wemadetherightdecision.
Acoupleofweeksagoonthebeach,Icameacrossasalmoncoloredconchshell.It’sasillyhabit,butIholdashelltomyeartoseeifIcanhearthewavescrashing.Ineverdo,ofcourse,butIrepeattheexerciseendlessly.Idon’tknowwhythethoughthitme,butsuddenlyitoccurredtomethisshellwasaboutthesizeofafirst-generationcellphone.Idecidedtokeepit
EversinceIbroughtithome,I’vebeenamusingmyselfby“dialing”itandwaitingforittoring.Amazing,thismoderntechnology!Ihavecalleditandamquitetakenwithit.
Ifigureditwastimetotestitoutintherealworld,minuteasmy“realworld”is.Itookitwithmeonedaywhenwewentoutforlunch.Asbusytheothertablesreachedfortheircellphonestocheckinwiththeirbossesaboutthisorthat,Imademymove.Iheldmyshellphonetomyearandspokebriefly.Iamawomanoffewwords.
Iwatchedforreactions,butnobodyseemedtheleastbitconcerned.Onhiswayout,onedinercomplimentedmeonmyunusualmodel.“Oh,it’sthelatestintheOmega-22-Alphaseries.”Ismiled,“Iboughtitatthebigelectronicstradefair.”
Ihadtolaughatmyownjoke:Ihaven’tbeenoffmylittleGreekislandfortwoyears.Ihavecompletelyforgottenwhattheinteriorofabookstoreoramovietheaterlookslike.Ilive28sea-hoursfromAthens,trulyinthemiddleofnowhere.
Thedinernodded,stilltakingmeseriously.Perhapshefeltabitembarrassedthathehadn’tattendedthetradefair.Afterall,nobodywantstoadmitbeingoutoftheloopaboutthelatesttrends,electronicorotherwise.
Idon’talwayscarryitwithme,butnowIatleastownamodernshellphoneandamsemi-connectedtotherestoftheplanet.Ofcourse,Iwon’thandoutmynumbertojustanybody.ThelastthingIwantisabunchoftelemarketersfindingmeandinterruptingmydinnertoaskifIwanttoinvestintimesharesonaGreekisland.
Irealizeitwasabargain,butatthemoment,Iamhavingabizarrebitofatechnicaldifficultywithmywirelesswonder.Itmaybemyimagination,butwheneverIpickupmyphone,Idistinctlyhearthesea.
1.Awire-freelifeasmentionedinthefirstparagraphreferstoalife________.
2.Theauthor’stestwithher“shellphone”intherealworldimpliesthat________.
3.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsmodernlifeseemstobeoneof________.
4.Theauthorfeelsherdecisiontoliveontheislandisa(n)________one.
5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis________.
问题1选项
A.thatisnewtechnologyindependent
B.thatissimpleandisolatedfromtherestoftheworld
C.thatissubjectedtonorestraintsofworkandtraditions
D.thatisnotconnectedwithtelecommunicationsdevices
问题2选项
A.sheisapersonwhotendstobeindulgedinself-amusement
B.sheissolongisolatedfromtheworldthatshenolongerunderstandsit
C.peoplearesobusywithmodernlifethattheycutthemselvesofffromnature
D.peopledonotcommunicatewitheachotherasoftenastheydidbefore
问题3选项
A.amazement
B.dissatisfaction
C.contentment
D.enthusiasm
问题4选项
A.bizarre
B.correct
C.imprudent
D.tough
问题5选项
A.LifewithoutNewTechnologies
B.NewTypeofCellphone
C.NewTechnologiesandModernLife
D.FeaturesofShellPhonesandCellPhones
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:B
第4题:B
第5题:A
【解析】1.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】语义推测题。根据第一段第一句IamneverthefirstinlinetotryoutorbuynewtechnologiesCaseinpoint:IamtheonlypersonIknowwhohasmanagedtosurviveontheplanetthislongwithoutowningacellphone.(我从来都不是第一个尝试或购买新科技的人:我是我所知道的唯一一个在没有手机的情况下在这个星球上生存了这么久的人。),这里指的是不使用像手机这样的新科技,A选项“没有新科技”正确。B选项“简单,与世隔绝”:对应第一段第二句inamountainousvillageonaremoteislandintheAegean(在爱琴海某个偏远岛屿上的山村),这里指的是在地理位置上与世隔绝,与题干的内容无关,属于偷换概念。C选项“不受工作和传统限制”:文中没有提到,属于无中生有。D选项“未与通讯设备连接”:这仅仅表达了字面意思,没有表达出深层含义,属于本末倒置。因此A选项正确。
2.【试题答案】C
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第六段第一句Iwatchedforreactions,butnobodyseemedtheleastbitconcerned.(我观察人们的反应,但似乎没有人在意。),可知没有人在意这个贝壳手机,都忙于自己的生活,注意不到大自然里面的事物,C选项“人们忙于现代生活,与大自然隔绝了”正确。A选项“她是一个喜欢自娱自乐的人”:根据第四段第一句EversinceIbroughtithome,I’vebeenamusingmyselfby“dialing”itandwaitingforittoring.(自从我把它带回家,我就一直在“拨”它,等它响,以此自娱自乐。),这里指的是拨贝壳手机的这个动作,而不是题干说的测试,属于偷换概念。B选项“她与世界隔绝太久,已不了解世界”:没有这样的意思,属于无中生有。D选项“人们不像以前那样经常交流”:文中没有对比人们在现在和过去的交流是怎样的,属于无中生有。因此C选项正确。
3.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】观点态度题。根据第二段Thisiswhywemovedhere,toleavethecitysmogandtheall-franticpacebehindus…Wemadetherightdecision.(这就是我们搬到这里的原因,把城市的烟雾和疯狂的步伐抛在身后……我们做了正确的决定。),可知作者不喜欢之前在城市的生活,所以搬到了这个岛屿,B选项“不满”正确。A选项“惊奇”:作者没有这样的意思,属于无中生有。C选项“满意”和D选项“热爱”:和文章事实相反,属于反向干扰。因此B选项正确。
4.【试题答案】B
【试题解析】观点态度题。根据第二段最后一句Wemadetherightdecision.(我们做了正确的决定。),可知作者认为住在岛上是正确的,B选项“正确的”正确。A选项“古怪的”,C选项“轻率的”和D选项“艰难的”:作者没有这样的意思,属于无中生有。因此B选项正确。
5.【试题答案】A
【试题解析】主旨大意题。第一段作者点出自己对于新科技的不感兴趣,第二段讲搬到岛上,远离城市非常正确,第三、四段讲自己发现的新科技贝壳手机,并且把玩它,第五、六段讲人们没有注意到这个贝壳,最后几段讲自己在岛上的生活是怎样的,没有城市中的现代科技,和大自然紧密连接。综上所述,这篇文章讲述了作者搬离城市,没有现代科技的生活是怎样的,A选项“没有新科技的生活”正确。B选项“新型手机”,C选项“新科技和现代生活”和D选项“贝壳手机和手机的特点”:是文章的部分内容,不足以概括全文,属于以偏概全。因此A选项正确。
11.单选题
Sinceyouaresoweak,youshouldtakeevery____precautionagainstcatchingcold.
问题1选项
A.critical
B.comparable
C.distinct
D.conceivable
【答案】D
【解析】【选项释义】
A.critical关键的B.comparable可比较的
C.distinct明显的;确切的D.conceivable可想象的;可信的
【答案】D
【考查点】形容词辨析与语义衔接
【解题思路】原句语义为“既然你这么虚弱,你应该采取一切____的预防措施以防感冒。”由此可知,病人非常虚弱,应该采取一切可能的措施预防感冒,D选项conceivable“可想象的;可信的”最符合原句语义衔接。
【干扰项排除】
A选项critical“关键的”,“采取每一个关键的预防措施”没有“采取每一个可能的预防措施”符合原句语境;
B选项comparable“可比较的”,不符合原句语义衔接;
C选项distinct“明显的;确切的”,不符合原句语义衔接。
【句意】既然你这么虚弱,你应该采取一切可能的预防措施以防感冒。
12.单选题
Theroomwasfullofpeopleandsmoke.Shestartedtofeel(
)withtheheatinside.
问题1选项
A.oppressed
B.congested
C.confronted
D.craned
【答案】A
【解析】动词辨析。句意:这个房间里全是人,布满了烟雾。她开始被里面的热气压的喘不过气来了。
oppressed被压迫的;受迫害的。congested拥挤的;挤满的;(交通)堵塞的;充血的。confronted,confront的过去分词和过去式。使…无法回避;降临于;处理。craned,crane的过去分词和过去式。(为看得更清楚而)探着身子;伸长(脖子)。
13.单选题
Whatyouhavesaidisaninstanceof______andrevealsanunfamiliaritywiththerealitiesoflife.
问题1选项
A.pedantry
B.assertion
C.intimidation
D.aspiration
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。A项pedantry“迂腐,卖弄学问”,B项assertion“断言,声明,主张”,C项intimidation“恐吓,威胁”,D项aspiration“渴望,抱负”。根据关键信息revealsanunfamiliaritywiththerealitiesoflife“表现出对现实生活的不了解”可知选择A项符合句意。句意:你所说的是卖弄学问的例子,说明你不熟悉现实生活。因此,该题选择A项正确。
14.单选题
HecameallthewaytoChinaforpromotingfriendship(
)formakingmoney.
问题1选项
A.otherthan
B.betterthan
C.morethan
D.ratherthan
【答案】D
【解析】【试题解析】考查词组搭配。A选项otherthan“除了,不同于”;B选项betterthan“比……更好”;C选项morethan“比……多”;D选项ratherthan“而不是,宁可”。空格部分要填入一个短语连接前后短语形成对比,前面的意思是“forpromotingfriendship为了增进友谊”和后面“formakingmoney为了赚钱”表示不同的目的,句意为:他一路跋涉来到中国是为了友谊而不是赚钱。故这里选项D符合题意。
15.单选题
Inordertosurvivenowand()inthefuture,alltheworkingstaffmustconstantlycreatenewideasforeveryaspectofyourbusiness.
问题1选项
A.maximize
B.thrive
C.erect
D.recruit
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项maximize“最大化,极大”;B选项thrive“繁荣,兴旺,茁壮成长”;C选项erect“竖立,建造,创立”;D选项recruit“征募,聘用”。句意:为了现在的生存和未来的繁荣,所有的员工必须不断地为企业的各个方面创造新的想法。由选项意思和句意可知,B选项符合句意。
16.单选题
Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we______soformally.
问题1选项
A.neednothavedressedup
B.mustnothavedressedup
C.didnotneedtodressup
D.mustnotdressup
【答案】A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。needn’thavedone表示本不必做某事,却做了。句意:早知道是个小型家庭聚会,我们本不必穿这么正式。因此A选项符合题意。
17.单选题
CriticalandindependentthinkingisavaluedskillamongAmericanacademicsandprofessorswhooftensadlylamentthatmodernstudentslacktheseskills.
问题1选项
A.mournaloud
B.expresssorrowdemonstratively
C.complain
D.regretstrongly
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词以及形容词词义辨析。A选项mournaloud“大声哀悼”;B选项expresssorrowdemonstratively“表达悲伤”;C选项complain“抱怨”;D选项regretstrongly“强烈后悔”。题目中的lament表达的是“遗憾”的意思,所以D“regretstrongly深表遗憾”与题目意思相符。句意:美国专业学者和教授认为批判思维独立思维是一种很有价值的技能,他们通常会因现在的学生缺乏这种能力而伤感遗憾。因此D选项正确。
18.单选题
MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatpowerofthemediumis().
问题1选项
A.granted
B.implied
C.exaggerated
D.remedied
【答案】C
【解析】granted授予,
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