考研考博-英语-四川机电职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川机电职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Becausemanyofthemineralsfoundontheoceanfloorarestill（

）onlandwhereminingisrelativelyinexpensive,miningtheoceanfloorhasyettobecomea（

）enterprise.

问题1选项

A.mon

B.accessible...marginal

C.unidentified...subsidized

D.fitable

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。A选项的scarce“缺乏的，罕见的”；common“普通的，常见的，共有的，一般的，平常的”；B选项的accessible“可到达的，可进入的，易懂的，易接近的”；marginal“边缘的，末端的”;C选项的unidentified“未经确认的，无法识别的，身份不明的”；subsidize“给与补助金，贿赂”；D选项的plentiful“大量的，众多的，充足的，丰富的”；profitable“有利的，赢利的”。根据句意‘由于海底发现的许多矿物在陆地上仍然大量存在，且陆地上开采又相对廉价，因此，对海底开采还有待于变成一种有利可图的事业’确定D选项正确。

2.单选题

AgreementmadebythePresidentwithothercountries____theapprovaloftheSenate.

问题1选项

A.issubjectedto

B.issubjectto

C.subjected

D.subject

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.issubjectedto遭到；受到B.issubjectto受支配于

C.subjected使遭受（过去分词）D.subject受……支配的；取决于，adj.

【答案】B

【考查点】短语辨析

【解题思路】空格处为原句缺少的谓语，前后语义为“总统与其他国家达成的协议____经参议院批准。”由此可知，该句表达的是总统签订的协议需要经过参议员的审批，issubjecttotheapprovaloftheSenate“需要经过参议员的审批”，B选项issubjectto“受支配于”符合语义。

【干扰项排除】

A选项issubjectedto“遭到；受到”，指使（某人/某事物）经历、遭受不愉快的事情或受不愉快的事物的影响；

C选项subjected“使遭受（过去分词）”，不符合语境；

D选项subject“受……支配的；取决于，adj.”，不能单独做谓语。

【句意】总统与其他国家达成的协议需经参议院批准。

3.单选题

TheforeignstudentinChinais（

）withagooddealofChineseculture.

问题1选项

A.scattered

B.overflowed

C.permeated

D.manipulated

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项scattered“分散的，散乱的”；B选项overflowed“溢出的”；C选项permeated“渗透，弥漫”，bepermeatedwith洋溢着；D选项manipulated“操作”。句意：在中国的外国学生洋溢着大量的中国文化气息。选项C更符合语境。

4.单选题

问题1选项

A.Itsbenefits.

B.ltseffects.

C.ltsdisadvantages.

D.ltsusefulness.

问题2选项

A.lthelpstosimplifythetask.

B.ltmakestheclinicalinformationsystemsmorecomplex.

C.Itismoredifficultwithoutclinicalinformationsystem.

D.ltissimplertocarrythetaskout.

问题3选项

A.Theyareforcedtobebrief.

B.Theysavedoctor'stime.

C.Theytendtobelongbutmeaningless.

D.Theyarewelcomedbydoctors.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

【解析】第1题:对于临床信息系统，对话中的描述是“Complexclinicalinformationsystemsmakesimpletasksdifficulttocarryout（复杂的临床信息系统使得简单的任务难以执行）”，这是在说它的缺点，所以C选项正确。

第2题:这个女性提到医生对于这个软件的抱怨“Complexclinicalinformationsystemsmakesimpletasksdifficulttocarryout（复杂的临床信息系统使得简单的任务难以执行）”，说明这个软件其实使得临床信息系统更加复杂了，因此B选项正确。

第3题:最后一句说到“Thesenotesareoftenexcessivelylongandlackingmeaning（计算机生成的临床记录一般都很长而且毫无意义）”，因此C选项符合文意。

5.单选题

Thecommitteeis（

）adecisionfromtheheadquartersbeforeittakesanyaction.

问题1选项

A.waiting

B.awaitingfor

C.awaiting

D.anticipating

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词和动词词组辨析。wait“等候”；awaitfor这个词组不常见；await“等候”；anticipate“预期；期望”。句意：采取任何行动之前，委员会正在等待总部的一个决定。wait后面要接一个介词for再加等待的对象；await可以直接接宾语。选项C符合题意。

6.单选题

Afriendshipmaybe（）,casual,situationalordeepandlasting.

问题1选项

A.identical

B.superficial

C.critical

D.original

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。identical同一的，完全相同的；superficial表面的，肤浅的；critical批判的，爱挑剔的；original原始的，最初的。句意：友谊可以是、随意的、情境性的，也可以是深刻而持久的。根据句意可知填空处的词应与deep和lasting意义相反，且与casual和situational意义相似，选项B符合语境。

7.单选题

Themostinterestingnewcarsmayowe()thesimplewisdomofhiringafewtalentedpeopleandallowingthemtowork.

问题1选项

A.lesslocalfree-spiritednessthan

B.lesslocalfree-spiritednessthanto

C.tolesslocalfree-spiritednessthanto

D.lesstolocalfree-spiritednessthanto

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。oweto“归功于”是固定搭配，与比较级less…than连用，应为owelessto…thanto…。句意：最有趣的新车与其说得益于当地的自由精神，还不如说是得益于一种简单的智慧，即雇佣几个能人，并让他们为之工作。因此D选项符合题意。

8.单选题

Herspeechwas（

）andcausedalotofangrycomment.

问题1选项

A.prospective

B.prone

C.provocative

D.promising

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项prospective“未来的，预期的”；B选项prone“有…倾向的”；C选项provocative“刺激的，挑拨的，气人的”；D选项promising“有希望的”。句意：她的演讲很气人，引起了许多愤怒的评论。选项C符合句意。

9.单选题

Sincethefirstbrainscannerwasconstructedseveralyearsago,computedtomographyorcomputedmedicalimagery,hasbecomefairlywidelyused,itsrapidacceptanceisduetothefactthatithasovercomeseveralofthedrawbacksofconventionalX-raytechnology.

Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer.Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles.Suchpicturesarebasedonseriesofthin"slices",

Inaddition,conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs.Theycannotdistinguishsofttissuesorvariationsintissues.Theliverandpancreasarenotdiscernibleatall,andcertainotherorgansmayonlyberenderedvisiblethroughtheuseofradiopaquedye.Sincecomputedtomographyismuchmoresensitive,thesofttissuesofthekidneysorthelivercanbeseenandclearlydifferentiated.ThistechniquecanalsoaccuratelymeasuredifferentdegreesofX-rayabsorption,facilitatingthestudyofthenatureoftissue.

AthirdproblemwithconventionalX-raymethodsistheirinabilitytomeasurequantitativelytheseparatedensitiesoftheindividualsubstancesthroughwhichtheX-rayhaspassed.Onlythemeanabsorptionofallthetissuesisrecorded.Thisisnotaproblemwithcomputedtomography.Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy.

1.ConventionalX-raysmainlyshowthedifferencebetween（

）.

2.Whatkindofviewismadepossiblebycontiguouscrosssectionsofthebody?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat，comparedtoconventionalX-raytechniques,computedtomographyismore

（

）.

4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardthisnewtechnique?

5.Accordingtothepassage,computedtomographycanbeusedforallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

问题1选项

A.boneandair

B.liverandpancreas

C.muscleandotherbodytissues

D.heartandlungs

问题2选项

A.Two-dimensional

B.Three-dimensional

C.Animated

D.Intensified

问题3选项

A.compact

B.rapid

C.economical

D.informative

问题4选项

A.Cautious

B.Tolerant

C.Enthusiastic

D.Critical

问题5选项

A.monitoringapatient'sdisease

B.diagnosingdisorders

C.locatingtumors

D.reconstructingdamagedtissues

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。第三段指出:Inaddition，conventionalX-raygenerallydifferentiatesonlybetweenboneandair,asinthechestandlungs(另外，传统X光射线通常只能在骨头和空隙之间做出区分，比如胸腔和肺),由此可知A项“骨头和空隙”。

2.判断推理题。题干问的是:身体相邻交叉部位可能成什么样的像？第二段指出:Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer(首先，传统的二维X光射线成像不能显示包含在三维物体里的所有信息。因为不同层面不同深度的影响是叠加的，这会使观察者困惑),因此B项“三维的”正确。

3.判断推理题。题干问的是:和传统X光射线相比,计算机断层扫描更加…。第二段指出:Tobeginwith,conventionaltwo-dimensionalX-raypicturescannotshowalloftheinformationcontainedinathree-dimensionobject.Thingsatdifferentdepthsaresuperimposed,causingconfusiontotheviewer(首先，传统的二维X光射线成像不能显示包含在三维物体里的所有信息。因为不同层面不同深度的影响是叠加的，这会使观察者困惑),Thecomputerisabletoreconstructpicturesofthebody'sinteriorbymeasuringthevaryingintensitiesofX-raybeamspassingthroughsectionsofthebodyfromhundredsofdifferentangles(计算机断层扫描可以通过测量从数百个不同角度穿过身体截面的X线的强度变化来重新构建身体内部的图像)。由此可知D项“能提供更多信息”正确。

4.观点态度题。文章通篇在讲计算机断层扫描相比传统X光射线的优点。最后一句话指出:Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy(它（即计算机断层扫描）可以精确定位肿瘤位置来监控放射治疗的进程，所以，除有诊断能力外，它在治疗中能起到重要作用)。由此可知作者对于断层扫描的态度是肯定的。故选C。

5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词computedtomography定位至最后一段:Itcanaccuratelylocateatumorandsubsequentlymonitortheprogressofradiationtreatment,sothatinadditiontoitsdiagnosticcapabilities,itcanplayasignificantroleintherapy(它（即计算机断层扫描）可以精确定位肿瘤位置来监控放射治疗的进程，所以，除有诊断能力外，它在治疗中能起到重要作用)。因此A项“监控患者的疾病”,B项“诊断疾病”和C项“定位肿瘤位置”都正确。故选D。

10.单选题

Youmusthavewaitedhereforalongtime,（）you?

问题1选项

A.mustn't

B.didn't

C.haven’t

D.hadn't

【答案】C

【解析】句意:你一定在这里等了很长时间了，对吗？

语法题。考查反义疑问句。句中的反意疑问句是对havewaited进行反问，因陈述句部分中有foralongtime,即完成时态，故反意疑问句部分要用“haven’t/hasn’t+主语”。

11.单选题

AsGilbertWhite,Darwin,andothersobservedlongago,allspeciesappeartohavetheinnatecapacitytoincreasetheirnumbersfromgenerationtogeneration.Thetaskforecologistsistountangletheenvironmentalandbiologicalfactorsthatholdthisintrinsiccapacityforpopulationgrowthincheckdifferentpopulationsmakesthisoverthelongrun.Thegreatvarietyofdynamicbehaviorsexhibitedbydifferentpopulationsmakesthistaskmoredifficult:somepopulationsremainroughlyconstantfromyeartoyear;otherexhibitregularcyclesofabundanceandscarcity;stillothersvarywildly,withoutbreaksandcrashesthatareinsomecasesplainlycorrelatedwiththeweather,andinothercasesnot.

Toimposesomeorderonthiskaleidoscopeofpatterns,oneschoolofthoughtproposesdividingpopulationsintotwogroups.Theseecologistspositthattherelativelysteadypopulationshave“density-dependent”growthparameters;thatis,ratesofbirth,death,andmigrationwhichdependstronglyonpopulationdensity.Thehighlyvaryingpopulationshave“density-independent”growthparameters,withvital,ratesbuffetedbyenvironmentalevents;theseratesfluctuateinawaythatiswhollyindependentofpopulationdensity.

Thisdichotomyhasitsuses,butitcancauseproblemsiftakentooliterally.Foronethingnopopulationcanbedrivenentirelybydensity-independentfactorsallthetime.Nomatterhowseverelyorunpredictablybirth,deathandmigrationratesmaybefluctuatingaroundtheirlong-termaverages,iftherewerenodensity-dependenteffects,thepopulationwould,inthelongrun,eitherincreaseordecreasewithoutbound(barringamiraclebywhichgainsandlossescanceledexactly).Putanotherway,itmaybethatonaverage99percentofalldeathsinapopulationarisefromdensity-independentcauses,andonlyonepercentfromfactorsvaryingwithdensity.Thefactorsmakinguptheonepercentmayseemunimportant,andtheircausemaybecorrespondinglyhardtodetermine.Yet,whetherrecognizedornot,theywillusuallydeterminethelong-termaveragepopulationdensity.

Inordertounderstandthenatureoftheecologist’sinvestigation,wemaythinkofthedensity-dependenteffectsongrowthparametersasthe“signal”ecologistsaretryingtoisolateandinterpret,onethattendstomakethepopulationincreasefromrelativelylowvaluesordecreasefromrelativelyhighones,whilethedensity-independenteffectsacttoproduce“noise”inthepopulationdynamics.Forpopulationsthatremainrelativelyconstant,orthatoscillatearoundrepeatedcycles,thesignalcanbefairlyeasilycharacterizedanditseffectsdescribed,eventhoughthecausativebiologicalmechanismmayremainunknown.Forirregularlyfluctuatingpopulations,wearelikelytohavetoofewobservationstohaveanyhopeofextractingthesignalfromtheoverwhelmingnoise.Butitnowseemsclearthatallpopulationsareregulatedbyamixtureofdensity-dependentanddensity-independenteffectsinvaryingproportions.

58.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith______.

59.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorconsidersthedichotomydiscussedinparagraph2tobe______.

60.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

61.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingbehaviorshavebeenexhibitedbydifferentpopulationsexcept______.

问题1选项

A.discussingtwocategoriesoffactorsthatcontrolpopulationgrowthandassessingtheirrelativeimportance

B.describinghowgrowthratesinnaturalpopulationsfluctuateovertimeandexplainingwhythesechangesoccur

C.proposingahypothesisconcerningpopulationsizesandsuggestingwaystotestit

D.posingafundamentalquestionaboutenvironmentalfactorsinpopulationgrowthandpresentingsomecurrentlyacceptedanswers

问题2选项

A.applicableonlytoerraticallyfluctuatingpopulations

B.useful,butonlyifitslimitationsarerecognized

C.dangerouslymisleadinginmostcircumstances

D.acompleteandsufficientwaytoaccountforobservedphenomena

问题3选项

A.Forirregularlyfluctuatingpopulations,doublingthenumberofobservationsmadewillprobablyresultintheisolationofdensity-dependenteffects.

B.Density-dependenteffectsonpopulationdynamicsdonotoccurasfrequentlyasdodensity-independenteffects.

C.Atpresent,ecologistsdonotunderstandanyoftheunderlyingcausesofthedensity-dependenteffectstheyobserveinpopulationdynamics.

D.Itissometimespossibletoinfertheexistenceofadensity-dependentfactorcontrollingpopulationgrowthwithoutunderstandingitscausativemechanism.

问题4选项

A.roughlyconstantpopulationlevelsfromyeartoyear

B.regularcyclesofincreasesanddecreasesinnumbers

C.erraticincreasesinnumberscorrelatedwiththeweather

D.increasefromrelativelyhighvalues

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

【解析】58.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】中心主旨题。题干意思是“在这篇文章中，作者主要关注……”。文章首先提出物种增长的现象，随即提出二分法并对其进行讨论，最后对这个二分法进行评估，因此在这篇文章中，作者主要关注的是讨论控制人口增长的两类因素以及他们的重要性，所以A项“讨论控制人口增长的两类因素，并评估它们的相对重要性”符合题意。B项“描述自然种群的增长率如何随时间波动，并解释这些变化发生的原因”、C项“提出关于人口规模的假设，并提出检验它的方法”和D项“提出一个关于人口增长中环境因素的基本问题，并提出一些目前公认的答案”都是文章中的一部分，不够全面。因此，该题选择A项正确。

59.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“从文章中可以推断出，作者认为第2段讨论的二分法是……”。第二段提到二分法，即therelativelysteadypopulationshave“density-dependent”growthparameters（相对稳定的种群具有“密度依赖”的生长参数），并解释了“密度依赖”和“密度独立”，接着第三段阐述了二分法的局限性，倒数第二句和第三句提到Putanotherway,itmaybethatonaverage99percentofalldeathsinapopulationarisefromdensity-independentcauses,andonlyonepercentfromfactorsvaryingwithdensity.Thefactorsmakinguptheonepercentmayseemunimportant,andtheircausemaybecorrespondinglyhardtodetermine.（换句话说，一个种群中99%的死亡可能是由密度独立的原因造成的，只有1%是由随密度变化的因素造成的。构成这百分之一的因素可能看起来不重要，它们的原因可能相应地很难确定。），最后第三段总结所有的种群都受到不同比例的密度依赖和密度独立的交叉影响，所以可以推断，作者认为第二段中讨论的二分法有局限性，但是仍然是有用的，所以B项“有用的，但只有当它的局限性被承认的时候”符合题意，也可知D项“一个完整和充分的方法来解释观察到的现象”错误。A项“只适用于不稳定的人口”和C项“在大多数情况下是危险的误导”没提到。因此，该题选择B项正确。

60.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“下面哪个陈述可以从最后一段推断出来？”。根据题干定位到文章最后一段，由倒数第三句Forpopulationsthatremainrelativelyconstant,orthatoscillatearoundrepeatedcycles,thesignalcanbefairlyeasilycharacterizedanditseffectsdescribed,eventhoughthecausativebiologicalmechanismmayremainunknown.（对于那些保持相对恒定的种群，或者那些在重复周期中振荡的种群，即使引起生物学机制的原因可能仍然未知，也可以相当容易地描述信号的特征和它的影响。）可知，即使在不了解机制原因的情况下，信号的特征和它的影响也很容易描述，而这个信号就是密度依赖对生长参数的影响，所以D项“在不了解其成因机制的情况下，有时可能推断出控制人口增长的密度依赖因素的存在”正确。倒数第二句提到Forirregularlyfluctuatingpopulations,wearelikelytohavetoofewobservationstohaveanyhopeofextractingthesignalfromtheoverwhelmingnoise.（对于不规则波动的种群，我们可能由于观测结果太少而难以从大量噪声中提取信号。）可知，对于不规则波动的种群，因为观测结果太少所以没有办法提取信号，文中没有提到这个结果和观测次数有直接关系，A项“对于不规则波动的种群，将观测次数翻倍可能会导致密度依赖效应的隔离”不正确。B项“密度依赖效应对种群动态的影响不像密度独立效应那样频繁发生”和C项“目前，生态学家们还不了解他们在种群动态中观察到的密度依赖效应的任何潜在原因”在最后一段中没有相关信息能够推理。因此，该题选择D项正确。

61.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“根据文章，除了……以外，以下所有行为都在不同的人群中表现出来了”。文章第一段指出somepopulationsremainroughlyconstantfromyeartoyear;otherexhibitregularcyclesofabundanceandscarcity;stillothersvarywildly,withoutbreaksandcrashesthatareinsomecasesplainlycorrelatedwiththeweather,andinothercasesnot.（一些种群年复一年保持大致不变；其他表现出丰富和匮乏的规律周期；其他的情况差别很大，疾病的爆发和交通事故在某些情况下与天气明显相关，而在另一些情况下则不是。），由此可知，对于不同的种群，数量的变化不是一直不变的，或者是有增加或减少的规律，而且有些种群会受到天气相关因素的影响，而有些则不会，所以A项“每年大致不变的人口水平”、B项“在数量上增加和减少的规律循环”和C项“与天气相关的不规则增长”均排除。在第一段第一句提到allspeciesappeartohavetheinnatecapacitytoincreasetheirnumbersfromgenerationtogeneration.（所有的物种似乎都有一种与生俱来的能力，可以一代又一代地增加它们的数量），可知D项“从相对较高的值增加”是符合题意的。因此，该题选择D项正确。

12.单选题

EventhoughtheRedCrosshad（）largesumforthereliefofthesufferersofthedisaster,manypeopleperished.

问题1选项

A.alienated

B.alternated

C.allocated

D.ascertained

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。alienate使疏远，离间；alternate交替，轮流；allocate分配；ascertain确定，查明。能与largesum搭配的只有分配。故C项正确。句意：尽管红十字会划拨了一大笔款项来缓解遭受灾难的人们，但仍有很多人因这场灾难而死亡。

13.单选题

（

）hetriedtounderstandShakespeare’stragedies,hefailedallthesame.

问题1选项

A.Hardas

B.Ashard

C.Hardalthough

D.Thoughhard

【答案】A

【解析】考查as引导的让步状语从句。句意：虽然他尽力去理解莎士比亚的悲剧作品，但是却仍然失败了。选项A符合题意。

14.单选题

Hewasshockedtodiscoverthatthingsdraggedonwell（

）thetwoweekshehadanticipated.

问题1选项

A.from

B.for

C.away

D.beyond

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他吃惊地发现，事情拖长得远超过了他预期的两个星期。选项D符合语境。

15.单选题

Itisthroughlearningthattheindividual（）manyhabitualwaysofreactingtosituations.

问题1选项

A.retains

B.gains

C.achieves

D.acquires

【答案】D

【解析】句意:只有通过学习，才能获得许多处理各种情况的常用方法。

考查动词辨析。retain保留；gain获得，赢得（尤指想要的或所需的事物）；resort求助，采取（最后）手段；acquire（靠自己的能力、努力或行为）获得，得到。该处为一个动词，宾语为“habitualways常用方式”。因此，D项符合句意。

16.单选题

Itisperhaps,noaccidentthatmanyoftheoutstandingfiguresofthepastwereamazinglyversatilemen.Rightupuntilcomparativelyrecenttimes,itwaspossibleforanintelligentpersontoacquainthimselfwithalmosteverybranchofknowledge.Thus,amanofgeniuslikeLeonardodaVinciengagedinmanycareersatonceasamatterofcourse.DaVinciwassobusywithhisnumerousinventionsthathebarelyfoundthetimetocompletehispaintings.HecameveryneartofulfillingtheRenaissanceidealofthe"universalman",themanwhowasproficientateverything.Today,werarely,ifever,hearthatamusicianhasjustinventedanewtypeofsubmarine.

Knowledgehasbecomedividedandsub-dividedintocountless,narrowly-definedcompartments.Thespecialistisrespected;theversatileperson,farfrombeingadmired,ismoreoftenregardedwithsuspicion.Themodemworldisaworldofhighly-skilled"experts"whohavehadtodevotethegreaterpartoftheirlivestoaverylimitedfieldofstudyinordertocompetewiththeirfellows.Butthishasnotbeenachievedwithoutconsiderablecost.Thescientist,whooutsidehisownparticularsubjectislittlemorethanamoron,isamodemphenomenon;asisthemanofletterswhoisbarelyawareofthetremendousstridesthathavebeenmadeintechnology.Similarly,specializationhasindirectlyaffectedquiteordinarypeopleineverywalkoflife.Manyactivitieswhichwereoncepursuedfortheirownsakes,areoftengivenupindespair;theyrequiretechniques,theexpertstellus,whichtakealife-timetomaster.Whylearntoplaythepiano,whenyoucanlistentotheworld'sgreatestpianistsinyourowndrawing-room?

Littlebylittle,wearebecomingmoreandmoreisolatedfromeachother.Itisalmostimpossibletotalktoyourneighborabouthisjob,evenifheisengagedinroughlythesameworkasyouare.TheRoyalSocietyinBritainincludesamongitsmembersonlythemosteminentscientistsinthecountry.Yetitishighlydisturbingtofindthatevenhere,asoneofitsmembersputit,atalectureonly10%ofthememberscanunderstand50%ofwhatisbeingsaid!

1.Thepassageimpliesthat（）.

2.Theword"moron"(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisthebestpossibletitleforthepassage?

4.Accordingtothepassage,inordertostandout,ascientistshould（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.menofremarkableachievementsinthepastwereaccidentallyversatile

B.nogreatmaninthepastwasqualifiedasuniversalexceptdaVinci

C.nowadaysversatilemenaregenerallyhighlyregarded

D.nowadaysitisnearlyimpossibleforamantobeversatile

问题2选项

A.afoolishman

B.ahard-workingman

C.anexpert

D.amiserableman

问题3选项

A.HowtoBecomeaVersatileMan.

B.VersatileMen.

C.HowtoBecomeanIntelligentMan.

D.IntelligentMen.

问题4选项

A.engageinasmanycareersaspossible

B.becomeamemberoftheRoyalSociety

C.confinehimselftoalimitedareaofstudy

D.beawareofthegreatprogressinscienceandtechnology

问题5选项

A.DaVinciwastoobusywithhismanyinventionstofinishhispaintings.

B.Inthemodemworldamancanbecomeversatilewithoutpayingtheprice.

C.Nowadaysamanoflettersscarcelyknowsaboutthechangesintechnology.

D.DuringtheRenaissancemuchemphasiswasplacedonbeinguniversal.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节推理题。第一段的最后一句为本文的主旨句“Today,werarely,ifever,hearthatamusicianhasjustinventedanewtypeofsubmarine.”这句话的潜在意思就是说:现在多才多艺的人越来越少。选项D符合原文。

2.语义题。原文中的分号,以及as说明,前后是同类事物的比较。根据下文的whoisbarelyawareof可知，moron表示的是"什么都不知道的人",所以选项A正确。原文句意：有些科学家在他自己的研究领域之外和白痴一样。

3.全文主旨题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要是讲多才多艺的人，作者只是提出自己的看法，并没有说如何成为一个多才多艺的人，所以选项B正确。

4.细节事实题。根据第二段第三句“..."experts"whohavehadtodevotethegreaterpartoftheirlivestoaverylimitedfieldofstudyinordertocompetewiththeirfellows.”科学们不得不把大部分的生命投入到一个非常有限的研究领域，以便与他们的同行竞争。选项C符合原文。

5.细节判断题。根据第二段第四句“Butthishasnotbeenachievedwithoutconsiderablecost.”这里采用双重否定强调这一目标的实现需要付出相当大的代价。所以选项B与原文不符。

17.单选题

Investigatorsbelievethefirewascausedby（）electricalwiring.Theysaidthebuilding’swiringhadnotbeendonebyaprofessionalelectrician.

问题1选项

A.sober

B.faulty

C.prompt

D.fussy

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项sober“清醒的”；B选项faulty“错误的”；C选项prompt“敏捷的”；D选项fussy“爱挑剔的”。句意：调查人员认为火灾是由错误的电线引起的。他们说，大楼的布线不是由专业电工完成的。本句表示错误的电线布线。因此B选项正确。

18.单选题

Whenapersondies,hisdebtsmustbepaidbeforehis（）canbedistributed.

问题1选项

A.paradoxes

B.legacies

C.platitudes

D.analogies

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项“似是而非的论点，自相矛盾的话”；B选项“遗产”；C选项“陈词滥调”；D选项“类似，类推”，句意：当一个人死后，他的债务必须在（）分配之前弄清。这句要表示的是“要把遗产分配清楚”，因此B选项符合题意。

19.单选题

Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers£270million.Failuretoprovethatithadnopartincollusionwithothersupermarketsanddairyprocessorsmaylanditwithafineofatleast£80million.TheOfficeofFairTrading(OFT)saidyesterdaythatAsda,Sainsbury’sandtheformerSafeway,plusthedairycompaniesWiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompany,hadadmittedbeinginacarteltofixpricesformilk,butterandcheese.Theywerefinedatotalofjustover£116millionaspartofaleniencydealofferedbythewatchdogtocompaniesthatownedupquicklytoanti-competitivebehavior.

OfficialsattheOFTadmittedprivatelythattheydidnotthinktheywouldeverdiscoverwhichcompanyorindividualhadinitiatedthepricingformulA.Butthewatchdogrecognizesthatatthetimesupermarketswereunderpressurefrompoliticiansandfarmerstoraisethecostofmilktosavedairyfarming,thoughitisnotcertainthatmoneyfounditswaytofarmers.TheOFTclaimedinSeptemberthatithadfoundevidencethattheretailchainshadpassedfuturemilkpricestodairycompanies,whichthenreachedafixedpriceamongthemselves.

Theaveragecosttoeachhouseholdisthoughttobe£11.25over2002and2003.Priceswentupanextra3ponapintofmilk,15ponaquarterofapoundofbutterand15ponahalf-poundofcheese.Thereisnodirectrecompenseforconsumers,however,andthemoneywillgototheTreasury.TheNationalConsumerCouncilgavewarningthattheadmissionswoulddentconsumerconfidenceinleadinghighstreetnamesandthatpeoplewouldbecomeskepticaloftheirclaims.FarmersforAction,thegroupoffarmersthathasledprotestsoverlowmilkpricessince2000,isseekinglegaladviceonwhetheritcannowbringaclaimforcompensation.

TheOFTinvestigationiscontinuing,however,inrelationtoTesco,MorrisonandthedairygroupLactalisMcLelland,andanylegalactionisexpectedtobedelayeduntilthatiscompleted.

Tescowasdefiantandsaidthatitwaspreparingarobustdefenseofitsactions.LucyNeville-Rolfe,itsexecutivedirector,said:“Aswehavealwayssaid,weactedindependentlyandwedidnotcolludewithanyone.Ourpositionisdifferentfromourcompetitorsandwearedefendingourowncasevigorously.Ourphilosophyistogiveagooddealtocustomers.”

MorrisonhassupportedtheOFTininquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusinessthatittookover,butinastatementsaidthatitwasstillmaking“strongrepresentations”initsdefense.AspokeswomanforLactalisMcLellandsaidthatthecompanywas“co-operating”withtheOFT.IndustryinsiderssuggestedthatthethreecompaniesweredeliberatelystallingtheOFTinvestigation,

Sainsbury’sadmittedyesterdaythatithadagreedtopay£26millioninfines,butdeniedthatithadsoughttoprofiteer.JustinKing,thechiefexecutive,saidhewasdisappointedthatthecompanyhadbeenpenalizedforactionsmeanttohelpfarmersbutrecognizedthebenefitofaspeedysettlement.Asdadeclinedtosayhowmuchitwouldpayinfinesandalsosaidthatitsintentionhadbeentohelpfarmersunderseverefinancialpressure.

1.Fromthefirstparagraph,wemayinferthat______.

2.Whoismostprobablytheinitiatorofthepricingformula?

3.Theword“defiant”inPara.5mostprobablymeans______.

4.WemayinferfromMorrison’sstatementthat______.

5.Thewriter’sattitudetoTescocanbesaidtobe______.

问题1选项

A.Tescoisthemostresoluteamongalltheretailerstodefenditsreputation

B.itisalreadyprovedthatTescohascolludedwithAsda,Wiseman,DairyCrestandCheeseCompanyinfixingthedairyprice

C.Tescoistryingitsbesttoproveitsinnocenceofthescandal

D.Tescoisofferedaleniencydealof£80millionbecauseofitsquickresponsetotheanti-competitivebehaviors

问题2选项

A.Retailchains

B.Farmers

C.Dairycompanies

D.Politicians

问题3选项

A.confident

B.angry

C.deficient

D.challenging

问题4选项

A.MorrisonturnouttobethemostdefensivewhendealingwithOFT

B.MorrisonisreluctanttosupporttheinquiriesintotheformerSafewaybusiness

C.industryinsiderssuggestthatMorrisonwastryingtodelaytheOFTinvestigationwithnon-cooperation

D.Morrisonindeedrefusestoadmititsinvolvementinthescandal

问题5选项

A.objective

B.biased

C.sympathetic

D.optimistic

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段。A选项“特易购是所有零售商中最坚决捍卫自己声誉的。”推测其他的零售商勾结，并没有体现出捍卫自身的声誉，可排除。B选项“事实已经证明，特易购与阿斯达、怀斯曼、乳品佳洁士和奶酪公司串通操纵乳品价格。”理解错误，特易购要证明自己并没有与其他零售商勾结。C选项“特易购正尽力证明自己在丑闻中的清白。”由题干定位到第一句“Tescoispreparingalegalbattletoclearitsnameofinvolvementinthedairyprice-fixingscandalthathascostconsumers£270million”中文翻译：特易购正准备打一场法律战，以澄清自己卷入这起导致消费者损失2.7亿英镑的奶制品价格操纵丑闻的名声。符合题意，因此C选项正确。D选项“由于特易购对反竞争行为的快速反应，特易购获得了8000万英镑的宽大处理。”理解错误，如果Tesco不能证明自己的清白，将面临8000万英镑的罚款。D选项可排除。综上所述，C选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据题干，A选项“Retailchains”（零售连锁店），文中所说的零售商只是将奶制品的价格提供给公司，不符合题意，可排除。B选项“Famers”（农民），文中所说的不确定农民是否得到了钱。C选项“Dair