考研考博-英语-云南工贸职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南工贸职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thetalkshavebecome______withbothsidesrefusingtocompromiseanyfurther.

问题1选项

A.irrational

B.irreconcilable

C.irreparable

D.irreplaceable

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.irrational不合逻辑的；没有道理的B.irreconcilable矛盾的；不可调和的

C.irreparable无法弥补的；不能修复的D.irreplaceable（因贵重或独特）不能替代的

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据关键信息withbothsidesrefusingtocompromiseanyfurther（双方都拒绝进一步妥协）可知，这次谈判是不可调和的，B项符合句意，故该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】由于双方都拒绝进一步妥协，谈判变得不可调和。

2.单选题

ThelegendofPaulRevere'smidnightridethroughtheMassachusettscountrysidein1775isknowntomostAmericans,youngandold.Asthestorygoes,PaulReverewasasilversmithinBostonatthetimeoftheAmericanRevolution.WhenhelearnedthattheBritisharmyplannedtoattackthetownsandvillagesofMiddlesexCounty,farmhouseandvillagehall,towarnthelocalrevolutionarysoldiersoftheplannedattack.Becauseofhiswarning(accordingtolegend)thestrugglingAmericancolonieswereabletodefeattheBritishinanimportantbattle.

OnereasonforthepopularityofthelegendmaybethepublicityithasreceivedthroughHenryWadsworthLongfellow'scommemorativepoem,PaulRevere’sRide.Longfellowwrotethepoemin1861andithassincethenbecomeoneofthemostwell-knownandwell-lovedpoemsinthecountry.Thepoemcertainlycapturesthesenseofdangerandexcitement,metwithcourageandingenuitywhichmanyAmericansassociatewiththeAmericanRevolution.Itiseasytounderstandwhythepoemevokessuchalargeaudience.

However,Longfellow'spoemcontainsanumberofhistoricalerrors.AccordingtoLongfellow'spoem,PaulRevereinstructedafriendtowatchthemovementoftheBritishtroopsanddeterminewhethertheymarchedinlandortowardstheirboats.ThefriendwasthentohanglanternsinthetoweroftheOldChurchinBoston:onelanterniftheBritishmarchedbylandandtwolanternsiftheymarchedbysea.Theexpression"oneifbylandandtwoifbysea,"takenfromLongfellow'spoem,hasbecomeverypopularandisoftenquoted.Butthisideacontainstwoinaccuracies.First,thelanternswerehunginthetoweroftheOldChristChurch,nottheOldNorthChurch,whichisinacompletelydifferentpartofBostonandwouldnothavebeenvisiblefromPaulRevere'slookoutpoint.Second,Longfellowconfusedthemeaningofthenumberoflanternstobehung:theactualarrangementwas"twoifbylandandoneifbysea.”

NotallofLongfellow'shistoricalmistakesaresominor.ItseemsasthoughLongfellowchosetoemphasizetheideaofoneloneherostrugglingagainstmanyopposingforces,withonlyhisownabilitiestorelyon.Butactually,PaulReverewasonlyoneofthreeridersdelegatedtowarntheRevolutionarysoldiersaboutthecomingattack.

SomepeoplefeelthatLongfellow'serrorsareinsignificant,andthattheidealsofcourageandcunningaretheimportantfeaturesofboththepoemandthehistoricaleventswhichinspiredit.Butothersfeelthat,whileitprobablymakeslittledifferencehowmanylanternswerehungfromwhichchurchtower,thepoem'semphasisonthesolitaryherorunscountertothemostvaluableideainthepoem:theideaofunityandcooperationinthefaceofdanger.Criticsofthepoemraiseanimportantquestion:Longfellow'spoemtellsafamousstory,andtellsitpowerfully—butisittherightstory?

1.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutPaulRevereisTRUE?

2.PaulRevereRODETHROUGHMiddlesexCountybecausehewantedtowarnthelocaltownspeoplethat（）

3.Accordingtothearticle,whatisoneofthefactorsthatcontributetothepopularityofthestoryofPaulRevere?

4.Accordingtothearticle,whattheopponentsofLongfellow'spoemreallymean（）

5.ThelanternhungfromthetowerofOldNorthChurch（）

6.TheauthorthinksthatLongfellow'spoem（）

7.Theauthor'sattitudetowardLongfellow'spoemis（）

问题1选项

A.PaulReverewasasilversmithinBoston.

B.PaulRevererodeonhorsebackallaloneinMassachusetts.

C.PaulReverewasinstructedtowatchcloselythemovementsoftheBritishtroops.

D.PaulReverewasinstructedtowatchcloselythemovementsoftheBritishpeople.

问题2选项

A.theBritishweregoingtostealtheirsilver

B.theBritisharmywasgoingtoattackthem

C.theBritishweregoingtoplunderthetown

D.theyshouldescapefromtheBritishsoldiersbyseainsteadofrunningawayoverland

问题3选项

A.Longfellow'spoem"PaulRevere'sRide".

B.PaulRevere'scourageandbravery.

C.TheimportanteventoftheAmericanRevolution.

D.Animportantquestionraisedbycriticsofthepoem.

问题4选项

A.areallminor

B.makehispoemunpopular

C.mayconfusepeopleabouttheimportantideasbehindthehistoricaleventsonwhichthepoemisbased

D.showthatLongfellowdidnotcarehowmanyorfromwhichchurchtowerlanternswerehung

问题5选项

A.wasvisiblefromPaulRevere'slookoutpoint

B.indicatedthattheBritishweregoingtoattackbyland

C.isoneofmanyinaccuraciesinLongfellow'spoem

D.indicatedthattheBritishweregoingtoattackbysea

问题6选项

A.hashelpedtopublicizethestoryofPaulRevere

B.containsbothmajorandminorhistoricalinaccuracies

C.mayemphasizethewrongfeaturesofthestory

D.alloftheabove

问题7选项

A.largelysatirical

B.partiallycritical

C.fairlyappreciative

D.veryironical

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

第6题:D

第7题:B

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。根据第一段的第二句“PaulReverewasasilversmithinBoston.”可知选项A正确。

第2题:细节事实题。根据第一段第三句“helearnedthattheBritisharmyplannedtoattackthetownsandvillagesofMiddlesexCounty,farmhouseandvillagehall.”他（PaulRevere）得知英军计划进攻米德尔塞克斯郡的城镇和村庄、农舍和村堂。选项B符合原文。

第3题:细节事实题。根据第二段第一句“OnereasonforthepopularityofthelegendmaybethepublicityithasreceivedthroughHenryWadsworthLongfellow'scommemorativepoem,PaulRevere,sRide.”传说如此流行的一个原因可能是它通过亨利•沃兹沃斯•朗费罗的纪念诗《骑马飞奔的保罗里维尔》得到了公众的关注。选项A正确。

第4题:细节推断题。根据最后一段的内容，有人认为，这首诗对孤独英雄的强调与诗中最有价值的理念背道而驰：面对危险时团结合作的理念。这首诗的评论家提出了一个重要的问题：朗费罗的诗讲述了一个著名的故事，而且讲述得很有力——但这是正确的故事吗？也就是说这首诗所依据的历史事件背后的重要思想可能会让人们感到困惑。选项C符合原文。

第5题:细节推断题。根据题干关键词“OldNorthChurch”定位到第三段倒数第二句“thelanternswerehunginthetoweroftheOldChristChurch,nottheOldNorthChurch,...”这是对上句“Butthisideacontainstwoinaccuracies.”的举例。所以选项C正确。

第6题:细节推断题。根据第二段的第一句“Onereasonforthepopularity...,PaulRevere’sRide.”可知选项A正确；根据第四段的第一句“NotallofLongfellow'shistoricalmistakesaresominor.”可知选项B正确；根据第五段的第一句“Somepeople...whichinspiredit.”有些人认为朗费罗的错误不重要，勇敢和狡猾的理想是这首诗的重要特征，也是激发它的历史事件的重要特征。选项C正确。所以本题选D。

第7题:作者态度题。本文前半部分讲述了朗费罗的诗的积极的一面，接下来花了大量的篇幅讲述了诗里的错误，最后一段更是提到怀疑这首诗所依据的历史事件的真实性。文中没有讽刺的意味，而是部分批判，所以选项B正确。

3.单选题

We'llvisitEuropenextyear（）wehaveenoughmoney.

问题1选项

A.lest

B.provided

C.unless

D.until

【答案】B

【解析】副词辨析题。A选项lest“唯恐，以免”；B选项provided“倘若，假如”；C选项unless“除非”；D选项until“直到...”。句意：如果我们有足够的钱，明年我们就去欧洲。选项B符合句意。

4.单选题

Thehighcourtreversedthedecisionofthelowercourtbecausetheruling______thedefendanthisright.

问题1选项

A.refused

B.declined

C.denied

D.ignored

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项refuse“拒绝”，其后接名词、代词或不定式；B选项decline“下降，谢绝，婉言拒绝”；C选项deny“否认，拒绝给予”，denysb.sth.表示“拒绝给予某人某物”；D选项ignore“忽视，不顾”。根据从句中的宾语thedefendanthisright可知选C。句意：高等法院推翻了下级法院的裁决，因为该裁决剥夺了被告的权利。

5.单选题

Leo.Tolstoywas（）asthegreatestwriterofthe20thcentury.

问题1选项

A.saluted

B.estimated

C.scaled

D.measured

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项salute“敬礼，致敬”；B选项estimate“估计，判断”；C选项scale“测量，攀登”；D选项measure“测量，估量”。句意“列夫•托尔斯泰被誉为20世纪最伟大的作家。”选项A符合语境。

6.填空题

THEIRONBRIDGE

TheIronBridgewasthefirstofaskindinEuropeandisuniversallyrecognizedasasymboloftheIndustrialRevolution.

A:TheIronBridgecrossestheRiverSeverninCoalbrookdale,inthewestofEngland.Itwasthefirstcast-ironbridgetobesuccessfullyerected,andthefirstlargecast-ironstructureoftheindustrialageinEurope,althoughtheChinesewereexpertiron-castersmanycenturiesearlier.

B:Riversusedtotheequivalentoftoday’smotorways,inthattheywereextensivelyusedfortransportation.TheRiverSevern,whichstartsitslifeontheWelshmountainsandeventuallyenterstheseabetweenCardiffandBristol,isthelongestnavigableriverinBritain.Itwasidealfortransportationpurpose,andspecialboatswerebuilttonavigatethewaters.Bythemiddleoftheeighteenthcentury,theSevernwasoneofthebusiestriversinEurope.Localgoods,includingcoal,ironproducts,wool,grainandcider,weresentbyriver.Amongthegoodscomingupstreamwereluxuriessuchassugar,tea,coffeeandwine.Inplaces,theriverbankswerelinedwithwharvesandtheriverwasoftencrowdedwithboatsloadingorunloading.

C:In1638,BasilBrookepatentedasteel-makingprocessandbuiltafurnaceatCoalbrookdale.ThislaterbecamethepropertyofAbrahamDarby(referredtoasAbrahamDarbyItodistinguishhimfromhissonandgrandsonofthesamename.)AfterservinganapprenticeshipinBirmingham,DarbyhadstartedabusinessinBristol,buthemovedtoCoalbrookdalein1710withanideathatcokederivedfromcoalcouldprovideamoreeconomicalalternativetocharcoalasafuelforironmaking.Thisledtocheaper,moreefficientironmakingfromtheabundantsuppliesofcoal,ironandlimestoneinthearea.

D:Hisson,AbrahamDarbyII,pioneeredthemanufactureofcastiron,andhadtheideaofbuildingabridgeovertheSevern,asferryingstoresofallkindsacrosstheriver,particularlythelargequantitiesoffuelforthefurnacesatCoalbrookdaleandothersurroundingironworks,involvedconsiderableexpenseanddelay.However,itwashissonAbrahamDarbyIII(bornin1750)who,in1775,organizedameetingtoplanthebuildingofabridge.Thiswasdesignedbyalocalarchitect,ThomasPritchard,whohadtheideaofconstructingitofiron.

E:Sectionswerecastduringthewinterof1778-9fora7-metre-widebridgewithaspanof31metres,12metresabovetheriver.Constructiontookthreemonthsduringthesummerof1779,andremarkably,nobodywasinjuredduringtheconstructionprocess-afeatalmostunheardofeveninmodernmajorcivilengineeringprojects.Workontheapproachroadscontinuedforanothertwoyears,andthebridgewasopenedtotrafficin1781AbrahamDarbyⅢfundedthebridgebycommissioningpaintingsandengravings,buthelostalotontheproject,whichhadcostnearlydoubletheestimate,andhediedleavingmassivelargerdebtsin1789,agedonly39.Thedistrictdidnotflourishformuch1onger,andduringthenineteenthandearlytwentiethcenturiesfactoriescloseddown.Since1934thebridgehasbeenopenonlytopedestrians.UniversallyrecognizedasthesymboloftheIndustrialRevolution,theIronBridgenowstandsattheheartoftheIronBridgeGorgeWorldHeritageSite.

F:Ithasalwaysbeenamysteryhowthebridgewasbuilt.Despiteitspioneeringtechnologynoeye-witnessaccountsareknownwhichdescribetheironbridgebeingerected—andcertainlynoplanshavesurvived.However,recentdiscoveries,researchandexperimentshaveshednewlightonexactlyhowitwasbuilt,challengingtheassumptionsofrecentdecades.In1997asmallwatercoloursketchbyEliasMartincametolightintheSwedishcapital,Stockholm.Althoughthereisawealthofearlyviewsofthebridgebynumerousartists,thisistheonlyonewhichactuallyshowsitunderconstruction.

G:Upuntilrecentlyithadbeenassumedthatthebridgehadbeenbuiltfrombothbanks,withtheinnersupportstiltedacrosstheriver.Thiswouldhaveallowedrivertraffictocontinueunimpededduringconstruction.Butthepictureclearlyshowssectionsofthebridgebeingraisedfromabargeintheriver.Itcontradictedeverythinghistorianshadassumedaboutthebridge,anditwasevenconsideredthatthepicturecouldhavebeenafakeasnootherhadcometolight.Soin2001ahalf-scalemodelofthebridgewasbuilt,inordertoseeifitcouldhavebeenconstructedinthewaydepictedinthewatercolour.Meanwhile,adetailedarchaeological,historicalandphotographicsurveywasdonebytheIronbridgeGorgeMuseumTrust,alongwitha3DCAD(computer–aideddesign)modelbyEnglishHeritage.

H:Theresultstellusalotmoreabouthowthebridgewasbuilt.Wenowknowthatallthelargecastingsweremadeindividuallyastheyareallslightlydifferent.Thebridgewasn’tweldedorboltedtogetherasmetalbridgesarethesedays.Insteaditwasfittedtogetherusingacomplexsystemofjointsnormallyusedforwood—butthiswasthetraditionalwayinwhichironstructureswerejoinedatthetime.Theconstructionofthemodelprovedthatthepaintingshowsaveryrealisticmethodofconstructingthebridgethatcouldworkandwasinallprobabilitythemethodused.

I:NowonlyonemysteryremainsintheIronBridgestory.TheSwedishwatercoloursketchhadapparentlybeentornfromabookwhichwouldhavecontainedsimilarsketches,ithadbeendrawnbyaSwedishartistwholivedinLondonfor12yearsandtravelledBritaindrawingwhathesaw.Nobodyknowswhathashappenedtotherestofthebook,butperhapstheothersketchesstillexistsomewhere.IftheyareeverfoundtheycouldprovidefurthervaluableevidenceofhowtheIronBridgewasconstructed.

Thetexthasnineparagraphs.A-I.Whichparagraphcontainsthefollowinginformation?Writethecorrectletter.A-Ionyouranswersheet.（

）

1.whyabridgewasrequiredacrosstheRiverSevern

2.amethodusedtoraisemoneyforthebridge

3.whyCoalbrookdalebecameattractivetoironmakers

4.howthesectionsofthebridgewereconnectedtoeachother

【答案】1.D

2.E

3.C

4.H

【解析】1.根据文章D段，“hadtheideaofbuildingabridgeovertheSevern,asferryingstoresofallkindsacrosstheriver,particularlythelargequantitiesoffuelforthefurnacesatCoalbrookdaleandothersurroundingironworks,involvedconsiderableexpenseanddelay.”，AbrahamDarby有在塞文河上建一座桥的想法，因为需要运送各种各样的物资过河，尤其是科尔布鲁克代尔和周围其他炼铁厂的大量燃料，这要花费相当大的费用，而且耗费很长的时间。可判断出D段的主要内容是解释了在塞文河上建桥的原因。

2.根据文章E段，“AbrahamDarbyⅢfundedthebridgebycommissioningpaintingsandengravings,buthelostalotontheproject,whichhadcostnearlydoubletheestimate,andhediedleavingmassivelargerdebtsin1789,agedonly39.”，达比三世在这座桥的绘画和雕刻上赞助了资金，但他在这个项目上损失惨重，花费几乎是预期的两倍。1789年，年仅39岁的他死后留下了巨额债务。可判断出E段主要提到了桥的花费和资助问题，为这座桥筹集资金。选项E符合题意。

3.根据文章C段，“DarbyhadstartedabusinessinBristol,buthemovedtoCoalbrookdalein1710withanideathatcokederivedfromcoalcouldprovideamoreeconomicalalternativetocharcoalasafuelforironmaking.”，达比在布里斯托尔开了一家公司，但他在1710年搬到了科尔布鲁克代尔，他的想法是，从煤炭中提取的焦炭可替代木炭，是一种更经济的炼铁燃料。可判断出搬到科尔布鲁克代尔的目的在于可以利用熔炉从焦炭中提取更经济的炼铁材料，所以对炼铁工人更有吸引力。选项C符合题意。

4.根据文章H段，“Thebridgewasn’tweldedorboltedtogetherasmetalbridgesarethesedays.Insteaditwasfittedtogetherusingacomplexsystemofjointsnormallyusedforwood—butthiswasthetraditionalwayinwhichironstructureswerejoinedatthetime.”，这座桥不像现在的金属桥，焊接或用螺栓连接在一起的。相反，它是用一套常用于木材的复杂的接头系统连接在一起的——但这是当时铸铁连接的传统方式。可判断出H段主要介绍了桥的各个部分是通过什么样的方式相互连接的。选项H符合题意。

7.单选题

TheUnitedStatesconsistsoffiftystates,

hasitsowngovernment.

问题1选项

A.eachofthem

B.theyeach

C.which

D.eachofwhich

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：美国由50个州组成，每个州都有自己的政府。选项D符合题意。

8.单选题

______allourkindnesstohelpher;Sararefusedtolisten.

问题1选项

A.At

B.In

C.For

D.On

【答案】D

【解析】考查介词词义辨析。at“在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置等）”；in“在……内”；for“对；为了”；on“在……之上；对于，关于”。句意：对于我们的友好帮助，萨拉拒绝了。选项D符合题意。

9.单选题

ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound____inthewoodsoffthehighway.

问题1选项

A.vanished

B.scattered

C.abandoned

D.rejected

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.vanished突然消失；绝迹B.scattered分散

C.abandoned丢弃D.rejected拒绝

【答案】C

【考查点】语义衔接

【解题思路】空格前后语义为“Lee一家丢失的汽车被发现____在高速公路旁的树林里。”根据前后语义可知，丢失的汽车被别人遗弃在高速公路旁的树林里，C选项abandoned“丢弃”符合前后语义衔接。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项不符合原文语义衔接。

【句意】Lee一家丢失的汽车被发现遗弃在高速公路旁的树林里。

10.单选题

OfallfiguresfromAmerica'spast,AbrahamLincolnisdearesttotheheartsoftheAmericanpeople.Infact,theadmirationtheyhaveforhimbordersonworship.WritersnotethattheLincolnMemorialinWashington,DCisnotunlikethetemplesthatancientGreeksbuiltinhonoroftheirgoods,andthatannualceremoniesofcelebratingLincoln'sbirthdayinschoolsandpublicplaceshavesometimeshadcharacteristicsofreligiousservices.CertainlyLincolnisAmerica'sidealofagreatleader.HehadmanyofthequalityofleadershipthatAmericansadmire.

Firstofall,Lincoln'scareerfitspopularAmericanbeliefthateverychildcandreamofbecomingpresident.Americansadmiretheperson——theonewho,withneithermoneynorfamilyinfluence,fightshisorherwaytothetop.Lincolnwasbomofpoorparents.Hismotherdiedwhenhewasyoung.Hehadlittleopportunityforschooling.Hisearlystudywasdonealoneatnightbythelightofafireplace.Hedidhardmanuallaborthroughtheday——splittingrailsforfences,takingcareoflivestock,workingonriverboat——orinstore.Butashegrewolderhestudiedlawinhissparetimeandbecamealawyer.Hewasagoodspeakerandstudentofpoliticalphilosophy.HisabilityfinallymadeanameforhimandeventuallyhebecamepresidentoftheUnitedStates.

LincolnisalsoadmiredbecauseofhisleadershipduringthedifficultperiodoftheCivilWar.Hedaredtodowhathethoughtwasrightatatimewhenhisbeliefswereunpopularwithmanypeople.He,inasense,representsthespiritofunionamongthestates.BeforetheCivilwar,theeconomyoftheSouthdependedonanagriculturalsystemwhichmadeuseofslavelabor.Whenreformersinthenorthernstates,putpressureonCongressnottopermittosecedeorwithdraw,fromtheUnitedStates,theyarguedthatthequestionofslaverywasamatterfortheindividualstatestodecideratherthanthefederalgovernment,andtheydidnotwanttoacceptitsdecision.Thenationalgovernmentsaidthatnostatehadtherighttosecede,andtheCivilWarwastheresult.Ifthesouthhadwonthewar,whatistheUnitesStatesmightwellhavebeendividedintoseveralcountries.Lincolnworkedhardtopreservetheunion,andthenorthernstateswerevictorious.

Furthermore,Lincolnhadmanypersonalqualitiesthatmadehimdeartotheheartsofhiscountryman.Hehadinfinitepatienceandtoleranceforthosewhodisagreedwithhim.Aspresident,heappointedmentohighgovernmentpositionswhomheconsideredmostcapable,eventhoughsomeofthemopenlyscornedhim.Hewasgeneroustohisopponents.Therearemanystoriesabouthisthoughtfultreatmentofsouthernleaders.Whenthewarwasover,heshowedtheSouthnohatred.SincegenerositytowardadefeatedopponentisadmiredbyAmericans,Lincolnfittedthenationalideaofwhatisright.

ShortlyaftertheCivilWarended,Lincoln,wasshotwhileattendingaplayinWashingtonTheater.Hediedwithinafewhours.Theuncontrolledemotionalreactionofthenationtohisdeathwasalmostunbelievableanddemonstratedthedeepesteeminwhichhewasheld.Newspaperswereedgedwithblack;religiousleadersgavepraiseofLincolninsteadoftheirpreparedsermons.HisfuneralprocessioninWashingtonwasmileslong.Lincoln'sbodywastakenbytrainbacktohisformerhomeinSpringfield,Illinois,butinallthemajorcitiesthroughwhichthetrainpassed,thecoffinwasparadedthroughstreetslinedwithsorrowfulthousands.Inthesmalltownsthroughwhichthetrainpassedbellsranginhonorofthedeadpresident.Citizenslittorchesalongtherailroadtracktoshowtheirlastrespects.

ThecircumstancesofhisdeathsetLincolnapartfromotherAmericanleaders.HadLincolnlived,itmightwellbethathispostwarpolicieswouldhavebroughtcriticismsuponhimthatwouldhavetarnishedhispopularity.Instead,anassassin'sbulleterasedinthemindsofAmericansanyfaultshehadandemphasizedhisvirtues.

1.WhataretheaspectsthatmadeLincolnidealofagreatleader?

2.Lincoln'sbeliefsusedtobe（）.

3.Fromthelastparagraphitcouldbeinferredthat（）.

4.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthat（）.

5.Lincolncamefromacitynamed（）.

6.Howmanypersonalqualitiesarementionedinparagraph4?

7.Theword“assassin”means（）.

问题1选项

A.Lincoln'scareerandfamily

B.Lincolnwasself-madeperson

C.Lincoln'sleadershipduringthedifficultperiodoftheCivilWar

D.Hiscareer,leadership,generosityandrighttimeofdeath

问题2选项

A.unpopularwithmanypeopleduringtheperiodoftheCivilWar

B.aself-madeperson

C.worshipped

D.popularwiththeAmericanpeople

问题3选项

A.Americanpeoplelikethosewhoaregeneroustotheiropponents

B.Apresidentmustbelikeapresident

C.Lincoln'sdeathwasatarighttimetohim

D.LincolnisstillpopularwiththeAmericanpeople

问题4选项

A.apersonwhofightshisorherwaytothetopwillbepresident

B.Americansbelievethateveryonecanbepresidentifhehasability

C.aself-madepersonwillsucceed

D.it'sapieceofcaketobepresidentoftheUnitedStates

问题5选项

A.Washington

B.Springfield

C.Illinois

D.notmentioned

问题6选项

A.3

B.4

C.5

D.6

问题7选项

A.helper

B.assistant

C.soldier

D.killer

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:B

第6题:A

第7题:D

【解析】1.结合全文内容可知,本文从多个方面讲述了林肯受人们爱戴的原因,选项D最能全面概括,其他选项都只是一个方面。

2.根据第三段的第二句“Hedaredtodowhathethoughtwasrightatatimewhenhisbeliefswereunpopularwithmanypeople.”可知,林肯的信仰过去在内战期间并不受大多数人的欢迎,选项A符合原文。

3.根据最后一段可知,如果林肯还活着,很可能他的战后政策会给他带来批评,损害他的声望。相反,暗杀者的子弹抹去了美国人心中他的所有缺点,并强调了他的美德。由此可知,客观上来说,林肯的死亡是在一个恰当的时机,选项C正确。

4.根据第二段的第二句“Americansadmiretheperson——theonewho,withneithermoneynorfamilyinfluence,fightshisorherwaytothetop.”美国人欣赏那些,既没有金钱也没有家庭影响,却能通过奋斗达到顶峰的人。也就是说,美国人相信只要有能力,每个人都能成为总统。选项B正确。

5.根据第五段倒数第二句“Lincoln'sbodywastakenbytrainbacktohisformerhomeinSpringfield,Illinois,...”林肯的遗体被火车运回了他在伊利诺斯州斯普林菲尔德的老家。由此可知,林肯来自于Springfield这个城市,Illinois是州,所以选项B正确。

6.根据第四段“Hehadinfinitepatienceandtoleranceforthosewhodisagreedwithhim.”“Hewasgeneroustohisopponents.”可知,本段提到了林肯的3个个人品质,选项A正确。

7.根据原文可知,这里指林肯遭到暗杀,所以选项D正确。

11.单选题

Governmentreports,examinationcompositions,legaldocumentsandmostbusinesslettersarethemainsituations______formallanguageisused.

问题1选项

A.inwhich

B.onwhich

C.inthat

D.atwhat

【答案】A

【解析】考查定语从句。formallanguageisused是用来修饰situations的定语从句，并且是一个完整的句子，可知横线上的部分充当关系副词，根据短语inthesituation可知横线部分表示地点，所以答案选A选项inwhich，B选项onwhich错误。inwhat用法错误，故C选项inwhat错误。atwhat用法错误，D选项atwhat错误。句意：政府报告、考试作文、法律文件和大多数商务信函是使用正式语言的主要情况。因此A选项正确。

12.单选题

Unfortunately,hisdamagingattacksontheramificationsoftheeconomicpolicyhavebeen（）byhiswholeheartedacceptanceofthatpolicy’sunderlyingassumptions.

问题1选项

A.supplemented

B.undermined

C.redeemed

D.diverted

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意：不幸的是，他对这项政策基本假设的衷心接受

了他之前对其分支的猛烈抨击。supplemented增补，补充；undermined破坏，削弱；redeemed救赎，赎回，弥补；di-verted呼叫转移，释放。选项B“破坏”符合句意。

13.填空题

Lookingatthosestars,Igrasped,forthefirsttimeinmylife,theawesomeconceptof_______.(finite)

【答案】infinity

【解析】【考查点】名词。

【解题思路】conceptof_______是名词所有格，横线处应该是名词，结合在看星星的语境，infinity意思为“无限”，符合语境。

【句意】看着那些星星，我生平第一次明白了无限这个令人惊叹的概念。

14.单选题

Somelinguistsbelievethatthe（）ageforchildrenlearningaforeignlanguageis5to8.

问题1选项

A.optimistic

B.optional

C.optimal

D.oppressed

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项optimistic“乐观的，乐观主义的”；B选项optional“可选择的，随意的”；C选项optimal“最佳的，最理想的”；D选项oppressed“受压制的，受压迫的”。句意：一些语言学家认为儿童学习外语的（）年龄是5到8岁。本句表示“儿童学习外语的最佳年龄”，因此C选项符合题意。

15.单选题

TheFourteenthAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitution,ratifiedin1868,prohibitsstategovernmentsfromdenyingcitizensthe“equalprotectionofthelaws”.Althoughpreciselywhattheframersoftheamendmentmeantbythisequalprotectionclauseremainsunclear,allinterpretersagreethattheframers'immediateobjectivewastoprovideaconstitutionalwarrantfortheCivilRightsActof1866,whichguaranteedthecitizenshipofallpersonsbornintheUnitedStatesandsubjecttoUnitedStatesjurisdiction.Thisdeclaration,whichwasechoedinthetextoftheFourteenthAmendment,wasdesignedprimarilytocountertheSupremeCourt'srulinginDredScottVSanfordthatBlackpeopleintheUnitedStatescouldbedeniedcitizenship.TheactwasvetoedbyPresidentAndrewJohnson,whoarguedthattheThirteenthAmendment,whichabolishedslavery,didnotprovideCongresswithauthoritytoextendcitizenshipandequalprotectionthefreedslaves.AlthoughCongresspromptlyoverrodeJohnson'sveto,supportersoftheactsoughttoensureitsconstitutionalfoundationswiththepassageoftheFourteenthAmendment.

ThebroadlanguageoftheamendmentstronglysuggeststhatitsframerswereproposingtowriteintotheConstitutionnotalaundrylistofspecificcivilrightsbutaprincipleofequalcitizenshipthatforbidsorganizedsocietyfromtreatinganyindividualasamemberofaninferiorclass.Yetforthefirsteightdecadesoftheamendment'sexistence,theSupremeCourt'sinterpretationoftheamendmentbetrayedthisidealofequality.IntheCivilRightsCasesof1883,forexample,theCourtinventedthe“stateaction”limitation,whichassertsthat“private”decisionsbyownersofpublicaccommodationsandothercommercialbusinessestosegregatetheirfacilitiesareinsulatedfromthereachoftheFourteenthAmendment'sguaranteeofequalprotectionunderthelaw.AftertheSecondWorldWar,ajudicialclimatemorehospitabletoequalprotectionclaimsculminatedintheSupremeCourt'srulinginBrownV.BroadofEducationthatraciallysegregatedschoolsviolatedtheequalprotectionclauseoftheFourteenthAmendment.

1.Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingiscorrect?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmostaccuratelyindicatesthesequenceoftheeventslistedbelow?

I.CivilRightsActof1866II.DredScottV.Sanford

III.FourteenthAmendmentIV.VetobyPresidentJohnson

3.Accordingtothepassage,theoriginalproponentsoftheFourteenthAmendmentwereprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

4.TheauthorimpliesthattheFourteenthAmendmentmightnothavebeenenactedif（）.

5.Thepassagesuggeststhattheprincipaleffectofthestateactionlimitationwasto（）.

问题1选项

A.Bypresentingalistofspecificrights,framersoftheFourteenthAmendmentwereattemptingtoprovideaconstitutionalbasisforabroadjudicialprotectionoftheprincipleofequalcitizenship.

B.InterpretersoftheFourteenthAmendmenthavenotreachedconsensuswithregardtowhatitsframersmeantbytheequalprotectionclause.

C.NotuntilaftertheSecondWorldWardidtheSupremeCourt