四级阅读 1课件

READING

COMPREHENSION

CET-4遇到生词就发蒙，影响情绪长句结构复杂，不知所云不知答案在哪里找，只能草草作答文章读懂了，但是题目却做不对时间不够，文章来不及读困惑得阅读者得天下

根源基本功掌握不扎实1对四级考试阅读题型的特点不够了解2缺乏对答题技巧的掌握3高质量的模拟练习还不够4

5缺乏坚定的信念和毅力3.不应忽视掌握英语短语。四级英语阅读中会大量出现短语。有些短语的意思和构成该短语的单词的字面意思相去甚远，较难掌握，而这又恰恰是考试的重点，因此，熟练掌握考纲规定的短语也是考生必须具备的能力。

4.适当扩充词汇量。通过课外阅读英文报刊、浏览英文网站，观看英文电影等方式逐步增加词汇储备，经过积累会在阅读时得心应手。句法是关键1.环环相扣型

指一个长句子有诸多定语从句和同位语或状语从句环环相扣而成。06/2012,CET4

Facebookisahandysite,butI’mupsetbytheideathatmyinformationisinthehandsofpeopleIdon’ttrust.主句同位语从句定语从句Facebook是很方便，但是一想到我的个人信息掌握在我不信任的人手里，我就忐忑不安。

TonyLittle,headmasterofEton,warnedthatboyswerebeingfailedbytheBritisheducationsystembecauseithadbecometoofocusedongirls.伊顿公学校长托尼.利特乐警告说，英国现有的教育体系正在毁掉男生，因为当前的教育过于关注女生。基本原则先找主-谓-宾再找定-状-补阅读理解选材特点在体裁方面，主要是以实用性强的议论文、说明文、新闻评述、报刊评论为主，来源是英语国家原版报刊或书籍，绝大多数是评论性文章。在题材方面，篇章阅读选材非常广泛，内容涉及人文社科类和自然科普类，主要突显近几年的社会热点问题，尤其是西方国家如英、美广泛关注的社会话题和热点问题。阅读理解五大题源报刊Newsweek《新闻周刊》TheNewYorkTimes《纽约时报》NewScientist《新科学家》Time《时代周刊》TheWashingtonPost《华盛顿邮报》

篇章阅读解题步骤第一步：看题干，定位题干关键词；第二步：读文章，把握文章大意；第三步：回看题，原文定位答案；第四步：核选项，保证万无一失。篇章阅读5种常考题型主旨大意题事实细节题推理判断题词汇语义题观点态度题主旨大意题

主旨大意题的目的在于测试考生理解整篇文章或者整个段落的主旨要义，区分主要信息和次要信息的能力。

根据问题内容的不同，这类问题可分为主题型、标题型和目的型。ModelTest1&266.Thepassageiswrittenmainlyto_______

61.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.提问文章的标题Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?Thepassagecouldbeentitled…Whichtitlesuitsthispassagebest?解题技巧找主旨句

主旨句体现整篇文章的主题思想，反映作者写作意图。说明性及论述性文章中，主旨句常出现在首段第一句或者最后一句；归纳性以及推理性文章中，主旨句一般出现在末段。2.总结各段落大意并相加有的文章没有明确的主旨句，这就需要大家在理解各段大意、分析段落之间逻辑关系的基础上，总结出文章所表达的中心思想。

(Para.1)Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,butregardlessofwhetheritisorisn’t–wewon’tdomuchaboutit.(Para.5)Thepracticalconclusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotentialdisaster,theonlysolutionisnewtechnology.

事实细节题

事实细节题是针对文章中的具体细节或重要信息所涉及的题目。

这类题目一般涉及when,where,what,who,which,why和how内容的问题。常见命题方式Thereasonfor…isthat…Accordingtothepassage,why(when,what,who,how,etc.)…Thepurposeof…was…Welearnfromthebeginningofthepassagethat…62.ProjectXisintendedforhelpingtheyoungAfricanimmigrantsto_____.63.HowwellthememberslearnintheProjectXprogramisdemonstratedby____.64.WhatdoweknowabouttheImaginationStage?65.Accordingtotheauthor,whatFranckKetchouangwrotewas____.06/2012,CET458.IntheGreatDepressionmanyunhappycoupleschosetosticktogetherbecause_____.59.Inadditiontojoblosses,whatstandsinthewayofunhappycouplesgettingadivorce?12/2011,CET4Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutvacationing?66.Theauthorsuggestsattheendofthepassagethatcouplesshould___.解题技巧

一般来说此类题的答案均可在文章中找到答案。但是答案的表述常常不是文章中的原话，而是使用同义的词语或句子进行表述即对原句子改写。

因此，在回答此类问题时，应首先仔细审题画出关键词，弄清题目的具体要求，以及所给的四个选项画出关键词，再利用关键词回文章中定位，找出文章中相对应的细节性句子，分别与四个选项进行一一对照，以确定正确答案。掌握命题点

由于这类问题常常涉及时间、地点、人物、数据及重要事实中的具体信息，如对于事件或者现象出现的原因和结果等细节的理解，所以应掌握常见的命题点。在阅读文章的过程中，对重要细节做出标记，可有效提高解题的速度和准确率。

1.转折转折是指由however,nevertheless,but,yet,infact等词引导出的句子，其前面的内容往往只是起铺垫作用，后面才是作者想要表达的关键信息。06/2010,CET461.WhatdoweknowabouttheblackboxesfromAirFranceFlight447?Thereisstillagoodchanceoftheirbeingrecovered.B)Thereisanurgentneedforthemtobereconstructed.C)Theyhavestoppedsendinghomingsignals.D)TheyweredestroyedsomewherenearBrazil.

ExpertsbelievetheboxesfromAirFranceFlight447,whichcrashednearBrazilonJune1,2009,areinwaternearlythatdeep,

statisticssaythey'restilllikelytoturnup.but2.因果与条件因果关系与条件关系在联系上下文的逻辑关系中处于重要地位。表因果关系的词汇及短语名词：reason,cause,result,consequence…动词及动词短语：cause,resultin,arisefrom,attribute…to,beresponsiblefor,bedueto…连词、介词及副词：because,since,for,as,therefore,so,thus,why,with,consequently…06/2012CET461.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A)Theeconomicrecoverywillseeahigherdivorcerate.B)Fewcouplescanstandthetestofeconomichardships.C)Moneyisthefoundationofmanyahappymarriage.D)Astablefamilyisthebestprotectionagainstpoverty.

Today’seconomiccrisiscouldwellgenerateasimilarnumberofcoupleswhoserelationshipshavebeenirreparablyruined.it’sonlywhentheeconomyishealthyagainthatwe’llbegintoseejusthowmanybrokenfamilieshavebeencreated.So63.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutmostFacebookusers?Theycareverylittleabouttheirpersonalinformation.Theyarereluctanttogiveuptheirpersonalinformation.Theydon’tknowtheirpersonaldataenrichesFacebook.Theydon’tidentifythemselveswhenusingthewebsite.MostFacebookusersdon’trealizethisishappening.Eveniftheyknowwhatthecompanyisupto,theystillhavenoideawhatthey’repayingforFacebook,peopledon’treallyknowwhattheirpersonaldataisworth.because3.对比当文章中涉及两种情况、两个方面或者两种态度时，应特别注意理清其中的对比关系。

常见的结构：more…than,incontrastwith,not…but,while,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,comparedwith…12/2011,CET464.TheYouGovpollof2,000peopleindicatesthatinarecession_____.divorceandseparationratesincrease.conflictsbetweencouplestendtorise.itismoreexpensiveforcouplestosplitup.couplesshowmoreconcernforeachother.AYouGovpollof2,000peoplefound22%saidtheywerearguingmorewiththeirpartnersbecauseofconcernsaboutmoney.06/2012CET458.IntheGreatDepressionmanyunhappycoupleschosetosticktogetherbecause_____.livingseparatelywouldbetoocostlystartinganewfamilywouldbehardtheywantedtobetterprotecttheirkidstheyexpectedthingswouldturnbetter

By1932,whennearlyone-quarteroftheworkforcewasunemployed,thedivorceratehaddeclinedbyaround25%from1929.thisdoesn’tmeanpeopleweresuddenhappierwiththeirmarriages.,withincomesdecreasingandinsecurejobs,unhappycouplesoftencouldn’taffordtodivorce.ButRatherModelTest161.ComparedwiththeU.S.,mostWesternEuropeannations_____.havehigherinfantdeathratesdobetteroninfantdeathratesdomorestudiesonText4babypaylessattentiontoText4baby

CurrentlytheU.S.ranks30thworldwideforinfantdeathrate,accordingtoMeehan,mostWesternEuropeannations.behind

推理判断题

推理判断题是对文章的某个句子、段落或整篇文章的含义或言外之意所设的问题。这类试题的答案在文章中没有直接的文字表述，难度较大。常见命题方式Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat…Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat…Theauthorsuggeststhat…Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?Whatwouldthenextparagraphprobablydealwith?解题技巧

根据选项中的关键词定位至相关段落或语句，据其字面意思，进行分析、推理、归纳文章潜在的含义，做出正确合理的判断。

碰到考查细节的地方，尤其注意不要以偏概全，不要把文章中的细节作为结论，一定要经过慎重整理再确定正确答案。06/2011CET459.WhatdoestheIndianaUniversitystudyshow?Interracialroommatesaremorelikelytofallout.Fewwhitestudentslikesharingaroomwithablackpeer.Roommatesofdifferentracesjustdon’tgetalong.Assigningstudents’lodgingrandomlyisnotagoodpolicy.AnIndianaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethreetimesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbytheendofthesemester.

印第安纳州立大学的研究结果：到学期末时，不同种族的室友不再住宿在一起的几率是同为白人的两位室友的三倍。06/2010,CET466.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?Theeffectsofpositivethinkingvaryfrompersontoperson.B)Meditationmayprovetobeagoodformofpsychotherapy.C)Differentpeopletendtohavedifferentwaysofthinking.D)Peoplecanavoidmakingmistakesthroughmeditation.

Thepaperprovidessupportfornewerformsofpsychotherapythaturgepeopletoaccepttheirnegativethoughtsandfeelingsratherthanfightthem.Inthefighting,wenotonlyoftenfailbutcanmakethingsworse.Meditation

techniques,incontrast,canteachpeopletoputtheirshortcomingsintoalarger,morerealisticperspective.

词汇语义题

词汇语义题不同于一般的词汇测试题，它测试考生是否具备推测某个超纲词或某个短语在特定语境中特定含义的能力。常见命题方式Accordingtotheauthor,theword“…”means…Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheword“…”inline…?Whichistheprobabledefinitionoftheword“…”?Inline…thephrase“…”couldbereplacedby…By“…”,theauthorprobablymeans…Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningto“…”?Inline…theword“…”refersto…解题技巧

1.运用词汇的同义、反义关系文中有时出现的thatistosay,inotherwords,thatis,namely等往往可以提供生词的确切含义。另外还可以根据一些标点符号，如破折号、冒号和括号所引出的对前文内容的解释，来理解相关词汇或短语的含义。

有时通过上下文的转折关系，如however,but,whereas,ontheotherhand,incontrast,ratherthan,instead等连词、短语或副词所提供的相反的信息来确定某个生词的含义。2.结合常识，联系上下文进行逻辑推理。ModelTest157.Theword“harness”inParagraph2canbereplacedby“____”.takeadvantageofbeindependentofproduceaneffectonexpandtherangeof利用

独立于给…带来效果扩大范围

Theso-calledtext4babycampaignisthefirstfree,healtheducationprogramintheU.S.toharnessthereachofmobilephones,accordingtoitssponsors.06/2011,CET458.WhatdoesSamBoakye’sremarkmean?Whitestudentstendtolookdownupontheirblackpeers.Blackstudentscancompetewiththeirwhitepeersacademically.Blackstudentsfeelsomewhatembarrassedamongwhitepeersduringthefreshmanyear.Beingsurroundedbywhitepeersmotivatesablackstudenttoworkhardertosucceed.InaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamBoakye-theonlyblackstudentonhisfreshmanyearfloor-saidthat“ifyou’resurroundedbywhites,youhavesomethingtoprove.”

“如果你的周围都是白人学生，那么你需要证明点什么。”

-言外之意就是，周围的白人会激励黑人学生去努力学习。12/2011,CET463.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“moneyisknown…tobringarelationshiptoitsknees”(Line1,Para.2)?Moneyisconsideredtobetherootofallevils.Fewpeoplecanresistthetemptationofmoney.Disputesovermoneymayruinarelationship.Somepeoplesacrificetheirdignityformoney.

Sincemoneyisknowntobeoneofthethingsmostlikelytobringarelationshiptoitsknees,weshouldbegrateful.Arecentresearchshowargumentsaboutmoneywereespeciallydamagingtocouples.(line5,Para.2)

观点态度题

观点态度题考查考生根据文章的内容、写作方法以及遣词造句，就作者对于某个问题的观点、态度或作品的风格做出评价的能力。命题方式Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetowards…?Toneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas…Whatisthetoneofthepassage?Whatdoestheauthorthinkof…?Accordingtothepassage,whatistheauthor’sopinionabout…?解题技巧作者的观点态度词汇的选择在很大程度上奠定了文章的基调，表达出作者的观点态度。因此，在解答此类问题时，必须在掌握文章主旨大意的基础上，认真分析作者的措辞，把握文章的语气，确定作者的观点态度。常见的表观点态度的词汇褒义：supportive,positive,approving,favorable,enthusiastic,optimistic,concerned,sympathetic,etc.贬义：negative,critical,ironic,disappointed,depressed,pessimistic,indifferent,etc.中性：subjective,objective,neutral,matter-of-fact,informative,descriptive,etc.06/2009,CET461.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofgreenfashion?Greenproductswillsoongomainstream.B)Ithasaverypromisingfuture.C)Consumers