大学体验英语第一册教案

ExperiencingEnglish1—IntegratedCourseLessonPlanforUnit1―CollegeLifePartI:IntroductionOverviewandclassdemographicsTopicoflesson:onandoffcampuslifePrimaryskills:speaking/reading/writingProficiencylevelofstudents:lowintermediateNumberofstudents:100studentsLengthofclasstime:270minutes,splitinto6segmentsof45minuteseachObjectivesLanguageskillsterminalobjectives:Studentswillbeableto:•talkabout,describeandwriteon-and-offcampuslife,formcompoundandcomplexsentencesenablingobjectives:Studentswillbeableto:listentotheLeadinpartandfillinthemissingwords, scanpassageAandpassageBforspecificinformationskimpassageAandpassageBformainideareadthepassagesthoroughlyandorganizeinformationinitbywritingasummarydoLanguageFocustoconsolidatethelearningdoWriteAboutIttofurtherunderstandthepassagespracticeonthepracticalwritingofRegistrationFormandNameCardsfbcusonCultureSalonforCollegeLifeintheU.SCognitivelearningstrategystudentswilluse:Studentswillbeableto:usepriorknowledgetotalkaboutreorganizedatafrompassagesinpracticeusecontexttodeducethemeaningofwordsrecognizeandusepatternsintheformationofcompoundandcomplexsentencesPartII:ProceduresTransitionandwarm-up[10minutes]TellthestudentsthatyouwillbeleadinganintegratedlessononcollegelifeAskfbrvolunteerstoexplainthemeaningsof"collegelife*'AskthestudentsforexamplesofrelatedinformationtheyhaveencounteredMakealistofthecollegelivesPre-readingactivities[10minutes]Askastudenttoreadaloudthe3questionsinpassageA-ThinkaboutitAskotherstudentstoreadthequestionsinReadandThinkScanning[20minutes]Explaintothestudentsthatthetextforthisreadinglessonisapieceofnarration.Theywillbeginbyscanningthepassageforcertainspecificpiecesofinformation,justastheywouldscananewspaperarticleorastorybeforetheystartreading.Askthestudentswhethertheyneeddefinitionsforanyotherwordsusedinquestions.Trytoelicitdefinitionsofthenewvocabularyfromstudents.Skimming[20minutes]drawthestudents,attentiontothefirstquestiononp.13Askthestudentstoworkwiththeirpartnersforaboutoneminutetomakealistofdifferenttestsincollege,Askforvolunteerstosharetheirresponsestothequestion.Nowaskthestudentstoskimthepassagequicklyandanswerthenextquestionandsoon.Readingfordetails[160minutes],Assurethestudentsthattheydonothavetounderstandeveryonewordinthepassages.Understandtheirmeaningthroughcontext.Givethestudents30minutes(15minutesforeachpassage)tofindthedifficultpoints.Circulatequicklythroughouttheclassroomtomakesurethateveryoneunderstandsthetask,thenreturntohelpstudentswhoarehavingdifficulty.Closureactivity[20minutes]•Askforavolunteertosummarizethepassages.,Showstudentsthesampleofthesummaryofthepassages.Homework[10minutes]Remindthestudentsthethemeoftheunit.,Askavolunteertoexplainhowcollegelifecaninfluencetheirfuture.Requirethestudentstoreadthepassagealoudtwice.TellthestudentstheirwrittenworkisEx6onPage14.Remindthestudentsthatyouwillbecollectingtheirwrittenworknexttime.RequirethestudentstospendatleasttwohourslearningPassageCandDintheExtendedBook,finishingtheexercisesinthebookandcheckingtheanswers.Evaluation[20minutes]Collectthestudents1homeworkatthebeginningofthenextclass.Commentongoodpointsandalsoimproperpointinstudents'worksPassageASoMuchtoLearnRelatedInformationTypesofExaminationQuestionsintheUSandtheUK:Thetwomaintypesofexaminationquestionsaremultiplechoiceandessay,butothertypesareblank-fillingandmatching,anddifferentteachersusedifferenttypes,e.g.,atypicalexammightconsistof50multiplechoicequestionsforonepointeachandtwoessayquestionsfor25pointseach.考试题型主要有两种形式：多项选择题和论文，但也有填空和配对。不同的教师会用不同的题型，如：典型的考试有50个多项选择题，每题一分，两篇论文问题，每篇25分。CollegeStudyInAmericancollegesanduniversities,studentshavemanychoicesaboutthesubjectstheystudy,theirclassschedule,andtheteachersoftheirclasses.Inthisway,studentscancreateaschedulethatismostsuitableforthem.Theycanalsofulfilltherequirementsoftheirdegree.Therefore,studentscarrymostoftheresponsibilityformanagingtheiracademiclife,althoughacademicadvisorsareavailabletohelpthem.在美国大学中，学生的课程学习、上课计划、任课教师都有许多选择。这样，学生可以制定最适合自己的课表，完成学位要求。学生得完全把握自己的学业。当然，学术导师也可提供帮助。Essay-typequestions:Thesearealsocalleddiscussionquestions,becausethestudentisexpectedtodiscussatopicandprovidefacts,reasons,examples,etc.tosupporttheanswer,withthegradedependingmainlyonhowwelltheanswerissupportednotjustonthestudent'sopinion.也叫讨论性问题，因为学生要讨论主题，提供事实、原因和例子等来得出答案。成绩主要视答案是否有据可依，而不仅仅取决于学生的看法。NotestotheTextOnthestepsofonebuilding,agroupofengineeringseniorshuddled,discussingtheexamduetobegininafewminutes:Agroupofengineeringseniorsgatheredtogetheronthestepsofonebuilding.Theywerediscussingtheexamwhichwasgoingtobegininafewminutes.一幢教学楼的台阶上围着一群大四的工科生，都在谈论即刻就要开始的考试。engineeringseniors:studentswhomajorinengineeringandstudyinthe4thyearofacourseinaU.S.college美国大学四年级工科生huddle:to(causeto)crowdtogether,inagroup(使)挤作一团，(使)聚成一堆Examples:Thefloodvictimswerecoldsotheyhuddledtogetherforwarmththatnight.那一天晚上灾民冷得挤在一起取暖。Helayhuddledamongsthisblanketsinbed,hiskneesalmosttouchinghischin.他用毛毯裹着在床上缩成一团，膝盖几乎碰着下巴。due:(showingarrangementsmadeinadvance)expected;supposed(to)Examples:ThenexttraintoLondonisduehereat4o'clock.去伦敦的下一趟班车应在4点钟到这里。Theplanethatwasduetoarriveat10hasbeendelayedfor2hoursbyaheavyfog.由于大雾，原定在10点钟到的班机已经推迟了2个小时。Ontheirfaceswasconfidence.Thisisaninvertedsentence.Thenaturalword-orderofthesentenceis"Confidencewasontheirfaces**. 他们脸上都带着自信。Sometalkedofjobstheyalreadyhad;othersofjobstheywouldget.Sometalkedaboutjobstheyhadalreadyhad;otherstalkedaboutthejobstheywouldget.有的谈起了找好的工作，有的则谈论着要找的工作。talkof:talkabout谈起Examples:Wewerejusttalkingofthematterbeforeyoucamein.你进来之前我们正在谈这件事。Hetalkedofgoingabroadathisbirthdayparty.在生日晚会上他谈到自己将出国的事。some...»others...,stillothers...Examples:Onweekends,collegestudentshavevariouskindsofactivities.Somegototheirpart-timejobs;otherstocinemasandtheaters;andstillotherstothegymnasiumtoexercisethemselves.大学生周末有各种各样的活动。有的去做兼职工作。有的去电影院；还有的去体育馆锻炼。Withallthisassuranceoffouryearsofcollegestudy,theyfeltreadyandabletoconquertheworld:Fouryearsofstudyatcollegehadgiventhemtheconfidenceintheirabilityandpower.Theythoughttheywerereadyandabletogaincontroloverwhatevertheywoulddoaftergraduatingfromcollege.4年的大学学习给了他们自信，使他们觉得自己足以征服世界。Theapproachingexam,theyknew,wouldbeasnap:Theyknewtheapproachingexamwouldbeveryeasy.眼前这场考试，不过是一碟小菜罢了。Youcanuseeachofthefollowingexpressionstosaythatsomethingiseasy.Itiseasy/asnap/apieceofcake/nosweat.这是一件很容易的事。fileinto:tomarchorwalkinasinglelineinthespecifieddirection鱼贯而入，排成纵队进Example:Astheaudiencefiledintothestadium,theyfoundthepopgroupwasalreadythere.观众们涌进运动场时，发现流行乐团已经到了。c.f.fileoutof鱼贯而出，排成纵队退出Example:Whentheaudiencefiledoutofthestadiumaftertheconcertwasover,theyfoundithadstartedtosnow.音乐会结束后，走出体育场的观众发现已经开始下雪了。passout:togiveout;distribute分发Examples:Heisstandinginfrontofthesupermarket,passingoutflyerstocustomers.他站在超市前面，向过往的路人发传单。Pleasepassoutthesesheetstothestudentsinthelecturehall.请把这些纸发给坐在报告厅的学生。nolonger:notanymore;notatthepresenttime不再Examples:Henolongerdrivestoworkeversincehisdoctortoldhimtoexercisemore.自从他的医生要他多锻炼以来，他就再也没有开车上班了。Henolongerlivesinthisapartmentforhehasboughtalargehousenearwhereheworks.他在工作地方的附近买了一栋大房子，再也不用住公寓了。survey:tolookat,examineorconsider(aperson,placeorcondition)asawhole纵览，审视，全面地观察Examples:Youcansurveythecountrysidefromthetopofthehill.你可以从山顶俯视乡村。Thefightersurveyedhisenemyforanyweakness.战士审视着敌人，以发现其弱点。Thestudentsshiftedrestlesslyintheirseats:Thestudentswerefeelingveryuneasyandtheywerechangingtheirbodypositionsallthetime.学生们再也坐不住了。shift:tochangepositionordirection;tomovefromoneplacetoanother改变(位置或方向)；变换，转移，移动Examples:WhenPau!foundthattheteacherwasreadinghiscompositiontotheclass,hebegantoshiftuncomfortablyinhisseat.当保罗发现老师正在对全班念他的作文时，他开始坐立不安。Thewindwhichwasblowingfromthesouthhasshiftedtothenorth.原来刮的南风已转成北风了。Ijustwanttoimpressuponyouthat,eventhoughyouhavecompletedfouryearsofengineering,therearestillmanythingsaboutthesubjectyoudon'tknow.Ijustwanttomakeyourememberthat,evenifyouhavefinishedfouryearsofengineering,therearestillmanythingsaboutthesubjectyoudon'tknow.我只是想让你们牢牢记住，即使你们已经完成了4年工科学习，这个领域你们还有很多东西不懂。impressupon:tomaketheimportanceof(sth.)cleartosomebodyelse铭亥！J；使铭记Examples:Theprofessorimpresseduponhisstudentstheimportanceoflearninghowtolearnatcollege.教授要他的学生牢牢记住在大学学会如何学习的重要性。Hissongsarestronglyimpressedonmymemory.他的歌声使我难以忘怀。Theyearshaveobscuredthenameofthisprofessor,butnotthelessonshetaught:Afteralltheseyears,Idon*trememberclearlythenameoftheprofessor,butIdorememberclearlythelessonshetaught.多年后，我已忘了这位老师的姓名，但牢牢记住了她的教诲。obscure:tohide;tomakedifficulttoseeorunderstand遮蔽；隐藏；使朦胧；使难理解Examples:Themoonwasobscuredbyclouds.月亮被云彩遮住了。Hisfamewasobscuredbythefameofhiswife.妻子的声望使他暗淡失色。PassageBWishfortheFreshmanYearNotestothetextInlessthantwoweeks,Filhavegraduated:Filhavegraduatedwithintwoweeks.不到两周，我就要毕业了。Thisisanexampleoftheuseofthefutureperfecttense.Thefutureperfecttensetellsussomethingthatwillbepastatorbeforeacertaintimeinthefuture.Examples:Bythistimenextweek,you'llhavetakenyourexamination.到下周这个时候，你就考完了。IhopethateverythingIhavetoldyouwillnothavebeenforgottenbythenextlesson.我希望到下次上课时你们还记得我给你们讲了些什么。lookback:toreviewthepast;thinkofwhathashappened回顾Examples:Lookingbackonthepast,IcannowseethatIwastedsomuchofmyprecioustime.回顾过去，我现在才意识到我已浪费了这么多宝贵的时间。Helooksbackatthefouryearsofhiscollegedayswithsatisfaction.回顾四年大学生活他感到很惬意。EverydayIwishIcouldfreezetimeandmakethenexttwoweeksgomoreslowly.每天我都祈愿时间会凝滞，接下来的两周过得更慢一些。"wish"isfollowedbyasubjunctiveclausehere.Examples:Iwishitwerecooler.(Itisnotcool.Itishot.)我希望更凉一些。Iwishyouhadcometothecinemawithuslastnight.(Youdidn't.)你昨晚要和我们一起看电影该多好。4andthroughmanytriumphsandfailuresIcametoknowmoreaboutmyself:Ihadexperiencedmanysuccessesandmanyfailures.ItwasthroughthesesuccessesandfailuresthatIgottoknowmyselfbetter.历经多次的成功与失败使我对自己有了更多的了解。cometo:(usedwithaninfinitive)tolearnto,togrowto熟知,了解，学会,开始Examples:Hehadcometolikethecitybetterafterlivingthereforthreeyears.住了三年后，他更加喜欢那座城市了。Ihavecometorealizehowimportantitistolearntouseacomputer.我逐渐意识到学会用电脑是多么重要。5.involve:tohaveasapartorresult涉及，牵涉Examples:Takingthejobwouldinvolvelivingabroad.做这项工作就得住在国外。Listeningtoradioprogramsisagoodpastime,becauseitinvolvesthelistener'simagination.听广播节目是一种很好的消遣，因为它可以激发听众的想像力。.AsIwalkdownthefamiliarroutesoncampus,Ifindmyselfdoingalotofsoul-searchingandreminiscing.AsIwalkonthefamiliarcampusroad,IfindmyselfthinkingaboutthepasseddaysIspentatthecollege.走在校园熟悉的路上，不知不觉中就陷入了深深的反思和对往昔的回忆中soul-searching:adeepexaminationofone'smindandconscience反思Example:Aftermanyhoursofsoul-searching,hedecidedtoadmithisguilt.反思了好多小时后，他决定承认自己的罪行。reminisce:totalkorthinkaboutpastexperiences,esp.pleasantones回忆Example:Thetwofriendswerereminiscingabouttheiryouth.两位朋友在一起回忆起他们的青年时代。findoneself:discover发现Example:Hefindshimselfnotunderstandingwhyeverybodywaslaughing.他不明白为什么人人都在笑。.recapture:tocaptureagain;togetintoone'spoweragain,causetobeexperiencedagain重新获得；再现，使再次经历、体验或产生(往日的情感等)Examples:Thepolicerecapturedtheescapedprisoner.警察再次抓获了那个逃犯。Duringthepartywithsomeyoungpeople,theparentsfoundthemselvesrecapturingthejoysoftheiryouth.和青年人开晚会，父母重温了他们年轻时的欢乐。havebeenpanickingattheideaofgraduating:Whenthinkingaboutmycominggraduation,Ican'thelpfeelingquiteuneasy.一想到毕业心里就一阵阵恐慌。attheideaof:atthethoughtof一想起，,,就Examples:Havingneverlivedawayfromherparents,Janebegantopanicattheideaoflivingoncampusonherown.珍妮从没离开过父母，她一想到要独自住在校园就开始发慌。Smilesbroadenedmymother'sface.Shejustcouldn'thelpitattheideaofthefamilyreunion.•想到全家人能欢聚一堂，母亲就笑逐颜开。Theworldisenormousandthepossibilitiesareendless:Theworldissobigandwhoknowswhatwillhappen(aftergraduation).世界如此之大，可能发生的事情太多太多。Wecanseefromthesentencethattheauthorisreluctanttoleaveschoolwithwhichheisfamiliarandatwhichhefeelssafe.IamgettingaqueasyfeelingdeepdowneverytimeIthinkaboutthefactthatFmgoingtobegraduating:IamgettinganuneasyfeelingwheneverIthinkaboutthefactthatI'mabouttograduate.每每想到就要毕业，我就打心眼儿里感到不安。"Everytime"isusedheretointroduceanadverbialclauseoftime.Apartfrom"everytime”nounphraseslike"themoment'1,"nexttime*'etc.canalsobeusedtointroduceadverbialclausesoftime.Examples:EverytimeIcatchacold,Ihaveapaininmyback.每次一受凉，我就背痛。Stormyapplausebrokeforththemomentthepopstarappearedonthestage.流行歌星一上台，就爆发出一阵雷鸣般的掌声。feellike:(informal)tohaveawishfor;want.想要Examples:Doyoufeellikeacupofcoffee?你想要一杯咖啡吗？Itissuchafineday.Ifeellikegoingoutforapicnic.天气这么好，我真想出去野餐。c.f.feel:togiveorproducethestatedsensation好像Examples:"Whatisthisinmypocket?Itfeelslikeanut.""我口袋里是什么？好像是栗子。"Thefollowingtwosentencesfromthepassagealsobelongtothiscategory.Examples:IfeellikethereissomuchmorethatIwanttolearn,butinsteadIhavetograduate.我觉得还有很多东西想学，可是却不得不毕业了。IfeellikeIamlivingindenialaboutgraduating.我觉得自己是在回避毕业。It'stoodifficulttoevencontemplatetheideathatsoonIwillbewakingupinthemorningsandnothaveaclasstowhichIshouldbegoing.ItissodifficultformetounderstandthatsoonIwillbewakingupinthemorningsandfindthereisnoclassfbrmetogoto.甚至不敢想像早上醒来没有课上会是什么样的情形。contemplate:tothink(about)deeplyandthoughtfully深思Examples:Thedoctorcontemplatedthedifficultoperationhehadtoperform.医生反复思忖那个难做的手术。12theideaofalifetimecommitmenttoacertainjobseemsliketorture.一辈子就干一行的想法简直就是一种折磨。commitment:aresponsibilityorpromisetofollowcertainbeliefsoracertaincourseofaction责任Examples:Comeandlookroundourshopwithoutacommitmenttobuyanything.请来我们商店看看，不一定要买什么东西。Idon'twanttogetmarriedbecauseIdon'twantanycommitments.因为不愿承担任何责任，所以我不想结婚。13.cherish:tocarefortenderly;love;tokeepafeelingdeeplyandfirmlyinmind珍惜，珍爱Examples:Theoldmancherishedthegirlasifshewerehisdaughter.老人十分疼爱这个女孩，好像她是自己的亲闺女。Thechildhasbeenawayformorethanthreeyearsandhisparentsalwayscherishthehopethathewillcomebacksoon.虽然孩子离家已三年多了，父母亲总是抱着他会很快回来的希望。ExperiencingEnglish1—IntegratedCourseLessonPlanforUnit2—StudyOnlinePartI:IntroductionOverviewandclassspecialtiesanddemographicsTopicoflesson:studyonlinePrimaryskills:speaking/reading/writingProficiencylevelofstudents:lowintermediateNumberofstudents:100studentsLengthofclasstime:270minutes,splitinto6segmentsof45minuteseachObjectivesLanguageskillsterminalobjectives:Studentswillbeableto:talkabout,describeandwriteInternetandeducationinthepassageslearnNumberofNounsandArticlesenablingobjectives:Studentswillbeableto:listentotheLeadinpartandfillinthemissingwordsscanpassageAandpassageBforspecificinformationskimpassageAandpassageBformainideadoLanguageFocustoconsolidatethelearningdoWriteAboutIttofurtherunderstandthepassagespracticeonthepracticalwritingofNotesofApologyfocusonCultureSalonforAreYouaOnlineLearnerCognitivelearningstrategystudentswilluse:Studentswillbeableto:usepriorknowledgetotalkaboutdistanceeducationreorganizedatafrompassagesinpracticeusecontexttodeducethemeaningofwordsrecognizeandusepatternsinNumberofNounsandArticlesPartII:ProceduresTransitionandwarm-up[10minutesJTellthestudentsthatyouwillbeleadinganintegratedlessononstudyonlineAskforvolunteerstosaysomethingaboutdistanceeducationtheyknowabout, AskthestudentsforexamplesofrelatedinformationtheyhaveencounteredMakealistofadvantagesanddisadvantagesofstudyonlinePre-readingactivities[10minutes]•Askastudenttoreadaloudthe3questionsinpassageA-Thinkaboutit,AskotherstudentstoreadthequestionsinReadandThinkScanning[20minutes]Explaintothestudentsthatthetextforthisreadinglessonisapieceofnarration.Theywillbeginbyscanningthepassageforcertainspecificpiecesofinformation,justastheywouldscananewspaperarticleorastorybeforetheystartreading.Askthestudentswhethertheyneeddefinitionsforanyotherwordsusedinquestions.Trytoelicitdefinitionsofthenewvocabularyfromstudents.Skimming[20minutes]drawthestudents*attentiontothefirstquestiononp.32Askthestudentstoworkwiththeirpartnersforaboutoneminutetomakealistofadvantagesofstudyingonline.Askforvolunteerstosharetheirresponsestothequestion.Nowaskthestudentstoskimthepassagequicklyandanswerthenextquestionandsoon.Readingfordetails[160minutes]Assurethestudentsthattheydonothavetounderstandeveryonewordinthepassage.Understandtheirmeaningthroughcontext.Givethestudents30minutes(15minutesforeachpassage)tofindthedifficultpoints., Circulatequicklythroughouttheclassroomtomakesurethateveryoneunderstandsthetask,thenreturntohelpstudentswhoarehavingdifficulty.Closureactivity[20minutes],Askfbravolunteertosummarizethepassage•ShowstudentsthesampleofthesummaryofthepassagesHomework[10minutes],Remindthestudentsthethemeoftheunit.AskavolunteertoexplainhowtheInternetcaninfluencetheirfuturelife.Requirethestudentstoreadthepassagealoudtwice.TellthestudentstheirwrittenworkisEx6onPage35., Remindthestudentsthatyouwillbecollectingtheirwrittenworknexttime.RequirethestudentstospendatleasttwohourslearningPassageCandDintheExtendedBook,finishingtheexercisesinthebookandcheckingtheanswers.Evaluation[20minutes]Collectthestudents'homeworkatthebeginningofthenextclass.Commentongoodpointsandalsoimproperpointinstudents,worksPassageAInternetandEducationRelatedInformationOnlineeducationMillionsofpeoplehaverejectedtraditionaleducationinfavorofE-learning.AndmanyuniversitieshavesetupE-learningcenters.Online-learningenrollmentsaregrowing33percentayearandareexpectedtohit2.2millionby2004.数以百万计的人已经摒弃了传统教育，转而选择网络教育。许多大学设立了网络教育中心。（根据美国资料）美国在线学习学生人数增长了33%,预计在2004年将达到220万。WagesforteachersAccordingtoNationalFacultySalarySurveyinPrivateFour-YearCollegesandUniversities(2000-01),thehighest-payingdiscipline/majorfieldisLaw,inwhichtheoverallaveragesalaryis$108,450.Theotherdisciplines/majorfieldsinthetopfivearePublicHealth,$89,706;FinancialManagementandServices,$89,523;ChemicalEngineering,$82,878;andElectrical,ElectronicsandCommunicationsEngineering,$80,848.AwidersalarysurveybytheAmericanAssociationofUniversityProfessors(AAUP)founda3.5percentincreaseinaveragesalariesforfacultyatpublicandprivateinstitutionsinrecentyears.根据美国全国四年制私立大学教职人员工资调查(2000-2001),工资最高的学科、专业领域为法律，平均工资为$108450。排名前五位的其他学科、专业依次为公共健康($89706);金融管理与服务($89523);化工($82878);电气、电子与通讯工程($80848)。美国大学教授协会一项范围更广的调查发现美国公私立高等学校教职人员的工资近年来有平均3.5%的增幅。RegisterforclassesStudentsregistertheirclasseswiththehelpoftheirteachers.Theyareencouragedtoregisterearly,asclasssizesareusuallylimitedtoacertainnumberofstudentsandarefilledonafirst-come,first-servedbasis.TheymayregisterthroughthemaiLbyphone/faxorinpersonattheCenter.Today,itiswidespreadatcollegesanduniversitiestoregisterthroughtheInternet,soitisnolongeraphenomenonthatstudentsstandinalonglinewaitingtoregisterforclassesattheregistrationcenter.学生在教师的指导下进行选课。学校通常鼓励及早选课，因为班级的规模总是限制在一定的学生数目内，按照先来先得的规则确定。学生可以通过邮件、电话或传真、或学生本人在选课中心选课。现在，在各大学通过互联网选课是普遍的作法，所以学生排长队在选课中心等候登记的现象已经不再存在。OnlinelifeItiscertainlytruethatlifeonlineisinescapable.Collegesthathaveinvestedagreatdealinonlinelearninghaveoftendiscoveredthattheextraworkfortheteachershasbeenmorethantheyexpected,andsohavesomeofthefinancialcoststhusfar.However,onlineeducationisquitenew,andinthefuturetheauthor'soptimisticpredictionsmayallcometrue.确实，网络生活是无法逃避的。在网络学习上投入大量资金的各大学常常发现等待教师去做的额外工作比预期的要多，资金方面的成本至今也是比预想的大。然而，网络教育是崭新的事物，在将来本文作者的乐观预言会全部实现。NotestotheTextplayarole:toplayapartinaplay;takepartinandmakechangeshappenExamples:Sheplaystheleadingroleinatelevisionshow.她在一个电视剧中担任主角。Doesreligionhavearoletoplayinsocietytoday?宗教在现代社会还有作用吗？Wegotoschoolbecausewewanttoknowmoreabouttheworldaroundusandatthesametimeextendourhorizonsofthinking.(Para.1)Wegotoschoolbecausewewanttoknowmoreabouttheworldandatthesametimelearntothinkmoredeeplyandinwiderbackground.我们上学，因为我们希望了解周围得世界，同时开阔我们的视野。extend:(tocause)toreach,stretch,continue;toaddtoinordertomakebiggerorlongerExamples:Theforestextendsinalldirectionsasfarastheeyecansee.森林朝四周延伸，一望无际。Wehaveplannedtoextendourpublishingofchildren'sbooks.我们已计划扩展我们的少儿书的出版范围。toofferorgiveExamples:Ishouldliketoextendmythankstoyouforyourkindness.我对你的善意表示感谢。Thebankhasagreedtoextendusmoneytobuyourhouse.银行已同意向我们发放购房贷款。explore:tosearchanddiscoverExamples:IfIhavetimeinthesummer,I'dliketoexploresomeofthelesswell-knownareaofthecountry.如果我有时间，我想去国内不那么有名的地方去探险。Let'sexplorethisissue/question/topic/ideamorefully.让我们更充分地探讨这一问题/话题/观点。Technologyistakingoverthoseinteractionsandintroducingustoawholenewapproachoflearning.(Para.1)Technologyisbeingusedtocommunicateinlearning,andleadingustoacompletelynewmethodoflearning.先进的技术正逐步取代这些交互式的活动并给我们带来一种全新的学习方式。takeover:totakecontrolofsomethingExamples:Thisfirmhastakenoverthreecompaniesthisyear.这家公司今年已兼并了三家公司。Fveaskedmyassistanttotakeoverpreparingthereports.我已要求我的助理接管准备报告的工作。approach:n.thewaytodealwithsomethingExamples:Sinceourresearchsofarhasnotproducedanyanswerstothisproblem,weneedtoadoptadifferentapproachtoit.因为我们的研究至今还没有得到这一问题的答案，我们需要采取一种不同的方法。Michaelisalwaysverylogicalinhisapproach.迈克在处理方法上总是很讲逻辑。v.todealwithsomethingExamples:Weneedstofindthebestwayofapproachingtheproblem.我们需要找到处理这一问题的最佳方法。ImusttellhimthatIcan*tloanmyfewsavingstohim,butIdon*tknowhowtoapproachthistopic.我必须告诉他我不能把我不多的存款借给他，但我不知怎样触及这一话题。accessible:easytoreach,getinto,obtain,use,ortalktoExamples:Theresortiseasilyaccessiblebyroad,rail,andair.这一胜地可经由公路、铁路和空中方便到达。Storingcustomerdetailsoncomputermakesthemreadilyaccessible.将顾客信息储存在计算机中，查找非常容易。Therearesomanychoicesofcoursesandsubjectsortimeframesthatcompletingaprogramisnotanissueforstudentsanymore.(Para.2)Studentscanchoosefromsomanycoursesandsubjectsorschedulesthatitisnolongeraproblemforstudentstocompleteaneducationalprogram.在网上，学生对各种课程和时间段有多种选择。因此，完成一项教育计划对学生而言就不再成为问题了。source:esfromorstartat,orthecauseofsth.Examples:OrangesareagoodsourceofvitaminC.桔子是维生素c的很好的来源。Expertsaretryingtofind/locatethesourceofthepollutioninthewatersupply.专家正在努力查找水污染的来源。Inaddition,regularcourses(offline)dependheavilyonbooksandothertraditionalpaper-basedmaterialswhileonlineeducationpostslectures,notes,andassignmentselectronicallyandthatsavesthousandsofdollarseveryyear.(Para.4)Besides,traditionalcoursesdependheavilyonbooks,notes,andothertraditionalmaterialsintheformofpaper;butonlineeducationcanbedonewiththehelpoftheInternet.Inthiswaythousandsofdollarscanbesavedeveryyear.此外，常规的(离线)课程，严重地依赖于书本和其它传统的印刷资料。然而，在线教育则通过电子手段来显示教师授课内容、学生笔记和布置作业，这样每年可以节约数千美元。inaddition(to):besides;furthermore;usedwhenaddinganotherfacttowhathasalreadymentionedExamples:Thehotelitselfcanaccommodate80guests,andinaddition,thereareseveralapartments.宾馆本身可住80人，并且还有几套公寓套房。Inadditiontoapplesyouaskedfor,Iboughtyousomeoranges.除了你要的苹果，我还买了桔子。issue:asubjectorproblemwhichpeoplearethinkingandtalkingaboutExamples:Theneedformorestaffisnotatissue,butfindingsuitablepeoplehasnotbeenaneasyjob.需要更多员工并不是问题，但是找到合适的人不是件简单的事。Don'tworryaboutwhowilldoit-thafsjustasideissue.不要担心谁来做这事一一这只是一个次要问题。Educationwillspreadoutmoreandmoreonlineandstudentswillhavemorechoicesonhowandwhentotaketheircoursesandclasses.(Para.6)Educationwillbecarriedoutmoreandmoreonline.Andstudentswillhavemorechoicestodecidehowandwhentolearntheircoursesandhavetheirclasses.教育会越来越多地在网上推广开来。在以什么方式和什么时间上课的问题上，学生们会有更多的选择。spreadout:tocoverorstretchoveralargeareaExamples:Wespreadthepicnicrugoutontheground,andsatdowntoeat.我们在地上铺开野餐垫子，坐下吃起来。Thesuburbsspreadoutformilestoeithersideofthecity.郊区在城市的周边绵延数英里。PassageBKelleyMcKeeRelatedInformationCertificate(diploma毕业证书)certificateoffersashortercourseofstudythanadegree.Certificatescanserveassteppingstonestoadegree.Acertificatetypicallyrequiresatleast12semestercreditsofcoursework.Withprogramfacultyapproval,creditscompletedinacertificateprogrammaybeusedinadegreeprogram.学历证书所要求得学习时间比获得学位证书的时间短。学历证书可以作为获得学位的一块垫脚石。一个学历证书通常要求至少12个学分的课程学习。经过制定培养计划的教职人员的同意，在获得学历证书时完成的学分可以用于获取学位的培养计划。DistanceeducationDistanceEducationisinstructionaldeliverythatdoesnotconstrainthestudenttobephysicallypresentinthesamelocationastheinstructor.Historically,distanceeducationmeantcorrespondencestudy.Today,audio,video,andcomputertechnologiesaremorecommondeliverymodes.远程教育是