大学英语1课程学习指导资料

《大学英语(1)»课程学习指导资料编写宋永栋适用专业：各专业(护理专业除外)

适用层次：业余专科、业余高起本四川大学网络教育学院二00六年四月《大学英语（1）»学习指导资料编写：宋永栋本课程学习指导资料艮据该课程教学大纲的要求，参照现行采用教材《新编实用英语》（教育部《新编实用英语》编写组编写，高等教育出版社，2004年8月）以及课程学习光盘，并结合远程网络业余教育的教学特点和教学规律进行编写，适用于各专业专科（护理专业除外）学生。第一部分课程的学习目的及总体要求一、课程的学习目的：在约一个学期的学习时间内，掌握英语语言的一些基础知识和基本技能，从而提高外语素质，为进一步学习打下一定基础。二、课程的总体要求：通过语言学习和语言实践活动，增加词汇约550个和短语约150个,其中重点词汇约200个；语法重点掌握句子的基本类型、冠词、名词单复数、动词时态、主动与被动语态、时态的照应和主语与谓语一致等内容；积累英语国家文化等方面知识；并在英语阅读、翻译及写作能力方面初步有所收获。第二部分课程学习的基本要求及重点难点内容分析课程学习计划本期学习〈新编实用英语》（综合教程）和〈新编实用英语》（学学.练练.考考）第一册（第5,10课除外）。.课程学习基本要求：.既要有时间看书，也要保证有足够时间进彳亍语言实践活动，作到动口，动耳、动眼、动手和动脑同时并举；.最好能和一个同学搭档进彳亍语言实践活动，尤其是学习教材第一部分的"TalkingFacetoFact□若悬河一说’的时候；.学习阅读部分“MaintainingaSharpEye火眼金睛—读”时，要勤查词典，最好把生词和解豆语记录在小笔记本上，以备复习之用。.语音部分学习内容（-）基本语音知识.开音节与闭音节（1）开音节是以元音字母结尾的音节；如：she,no,me,see...;或者是以辅音字母（r除外）+f元音字母不发音的E字母结尾的音节；如：make,take,administrate...（2）闭音节是包含有一个元音字母的一个或几个辅音字母（r除外）组成的音节：如：be/gin,for/get,sit,pro/fit,wall,ten/nis....单词重音:在双音节或多音节单词中,有一个音节要重读,其余音节弱读，如：for'get,*mother,ten，nis,*wallet,manipu，lation...（二）元音字母在音节中的读音

儿日子任在各种音节匚口的读音如下表：元音字母字母读音在重读开音节中读音在重读闭音节中读音在弱读音节中读日Aa[ei][ei]face,make,[0]ta兀,(ia兀，oa8[<->]ayaiv,XuvaEe[i：][i:]he,be[e]let,net,get,set[i],[e]enact,excuseIi[ai][ai]I,li/ke[i]sit,tip,begin[i]tennis,summit0o[cu]no,go,so[]vot,Xot加。兀[C]Uu[ju：][ju:]tu/ne,mu/te,[纪]6JV,(yr|UT,vox[<->]forum,lotus（二）主要兀音字母组合，辅音字母及主要辅音字母组合的发音；1.兀音字母基本组合的读音：-ee,-ea[i:]；week,team,see,sea-ea[ei]great,steak-ou,-ow[au];loud,low,town,-ir,-er,-ur[<->：]bird,her,burn-ear,-ere[ic]8ap,T|8p8-are,-air[Ec]pape,(|xxip-or[：][<->]Zop8,Soxxop-our[:][atx-^]noup,帆oup,coup-oo[u：][u]food,look-ar[a:]star,start-ew[ju：]few,new-oa3u]boat,load-ay[ei]play,lay,say2.辅音字母本身的读音匕俄固定，也比较好掌握,这里不再赘述.3.辅音字母基本组合的读音见下列：-th[T][A]think,that,teeth...-ch[tS]teach,march,chest...-sh[S]she,sheet,brush...-ng[N]ring,thing,playing...-kn[n]knife,knight,knock...-dge[5Z]bridge,ridge,hedge...-tch[tZ]match,kitchen,notch...-ght[t]light,night,weight...-tion[E<->v]relation,notion,donation...-sion[Z—v][Z<->v]decision,commission,mission.-ture1iterature,culture,gesture-ture(四)句子重音与语调1.句子重音有两种情形：(1)基本重音一在不考虑其他因素的情况下，Y句子中的实词(名词，形容词，动词，数词，副词)一般需要重读，而虚词(冠词，代词，介词，连词和感叹词)一般不需要重读e.g.Letmetellyoumystory,butitisalongstory.HisfatherDunoftenwenttohisschooltowatchhim.上面句子中斜体字都是实词，朗读时需要重读.(2)逻辑重音一为了强调句子中一个词的意思，本来不重读的把它重读，本来重读的，读得更重，其他单词的读音相对弱化.e.g.Gesslerasked,“Isawyouputasecondarrowonyourclothes,whatwasthatfor?”“IfIkilledmyson,thisarrowisforyou.MSaidWilliamTell.上面加粗的词属于逻辑重音，second原来就要重读，现在读得更重，强调说话人的疑惑，但you原来并不重读，现在要重读，是强调这枝箭不是为了其他任何人准备的，而是专门为你准备的。2.语调：语调一般分为三种：平调，升调和降调(1)平调，用于朗读句子中间的一些词e.g.Givemetwopoundsofpotatoes.(2)升调，用于一般疑问句，反意问句的后半部(有时)，选择疑问句。r前面部分以及列举事物。e.g.Doyoubelievewhathesaidatthemeeting?Youdon'tmindcallingwhenyougethome,doyou?(3)降调，用于陈述句，特殊疑问句，祈使句，反意疑问句前半部以及选择问句.如：e.g.Noplacesontheearthhasnotbeeninhabitedbypeoplebynow.Whatdidyoumeanbysayingthatnobodylikedmynovels?四.嫡褊实用英语》教MW《新编实用英语》是教育部组织一批英语专家编写的一套适合高职高专学生英语学习的英语教材.这套教材体现了高等学校英语教学从“语法领先，阅读领先”到“听说领先，应用领先”的改革方向，它彳艮好地把对学生语言基本技能的培训与语言应用能力的培训结合起来，有利于实现培养应用型人才的目标。这套教材有两个显著的特点：一是实践性，教材完全通过大量的听、说、读、写、译的语言实践来训练学生的基本语言能力；二是练习的模仿性，教材的几乎所有练习都通过模仿实例展开，使学生在语言实践活动中的语言习得即刻可以转化为语言的实用能力。这套教材与国家网考委的统考资料〈大学英语》可以实现对接，让学生可以较为容易地完成专升本的过渡。全套教材共四册，每册(包含一本“综合教程”及一本学生用书)有十课，每课由"TalkingFacetoFace口若悬河—说；BeingAllEars洗耳恭听—听；MaintainingaSharpEye火眼金睛—读；TryingyourHand一试身手—写；HavingSomeFun开心一亥一乐”五部分组成。每课配套练习都能在网上在线完成，在线批改，非常适合网络教育学生自学。.《新编实用英语》学习总体要求我院拟使用教材前三册作为专科各专业（护理专业除外）的英语课程的主要教材，（大学英语＞（1）课程使用第一册，本期学习第一册（第5,10课除外）。在“综合教程”每课的五部分中，着重掌握“MaintainingaSharpEye火眼金睛一读；TryingyourHand一试身手——写”三部分。要求通过语言实践的方法来学习，作到动嘴，动眼，动手与动脑并举。学生用书“学学•螭•考考”基本上是“综合教程”的补充和扩展,学生只需在“MaintainingaSharpEye火眼金睛一读”部分中选第一篇文章来学习即可.基础好,有余力的学生可多选择一些其他部分的内容来学习。.《新编实用英语》重，难点分析（~）词汇与短语.本期要求菖§生词及配掇豆语约300个，并能在听说读写译的实践中学会使用。每课阅读部分练习“ReadandComplete-4W是仅有的纯粹词汇练习，应该全作。本册书第177-196页对全书的词汇与短语作了总结，应安排一定时间学习。.要求重点掌握的短语见下：leaveanimpressionon/uponsb.给某人留下深刻的印象 getbetteracquaintedwith更好地了解inmostcases 在大多数情况下inthisway这样，以这种方式preferAtoB 喜欢A胜于喜欢Bgoonholiday去度假usedtobe曾经asamatteroffact事实卜attach…to...附上incontrast正相反ingeneral总的来说inperson 亲自insteadof不是…（而是）tendtodosth.倾向于做SBvaryfrom...to…自…到…不等takeup占据，占领checkin登记geton登，生活gowrong出毛病，失败onfire着火putup竖起，建起payfor付款pickup取，拿，拾起burstinto爆发holdup使停顿inreturn回报onthebestterms关系非常好despairof 对…失去信心；绝望beaboutto正要,即将toone'samazement令…惊奇的是apologizet(）向某人道歉keepone'spromise遵守诺言failtodo!sth.没能做成某事inthiscase 这样臃divideinto分成drownin 淹没subjectto需经受drawup起草，制订headon 前进sparenoefforts不遗余力undertheeyeofsb.在某人的指导下giveup放弃takepartin参与crazyabout对.••着迷inaddition 除此之外helpyourselfto吃，别客气startwith/by用…作为开端bringalong随身带来contributesth.to对…做贡献getintouchwith与某人保持联系athighspeed 以高速度bereadyto准备好了switchon 打开电源beblessedwith被赐予，具有lookfonvardto盼望regardsth.as 把…视作remindsb.of提醒，使想起shortof缺乏（二）语法部分.英语句子的基本类型：（可参阅〈新编实用英语一学学•练练•考考＞第一册P12）（1）英语句子从功能上分为：a.陈述句，b.祈使句，c.疑问句和d.叹句如：a.Itisarulethatthenewwilltakeplaceoftheold.Givemefiveminutes.DidIoffendyousomewhere?Hownicetheweatheristoday!（2）从结构上分为：a.简单句，b.并列句，c.复杂句和d.并列复杂句。e.g.a.Theskyisblue.Theskyisblueandtheseaisblue,too.TheyliketosurfinHawaiiwhentheweatherpermits.TheyliketosurfinHawaiiwhentheweatherpermits,buttheynevertravelabroad..名词单复数和名词所有格基fi出知识（可参阅〈新编实用英语一学学•练练•考考》第一册P41）.定冠词与定冠词的主要用法（参阅《新编实用英语一学学•僦•考考》第一册P28）.形容词和副词匕徽级与最高级基5出知识（请参阅〈新编实用英语一学学•练练•考考》第一册P.127）.动词的基本时态（一般时、进行时和完成时）动词时态是语法的一个重点，也是一个难点，要求大家付与足够的时间与精力。这里作一个扼要的介绍。英语的时态就是用动词不同的形态来表达不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态。这是与我们汉语酬不同的，我们汉语只需用时间副词就足够了。请看下例：Petersawahitmovieyesterday.彳皮得昨天看了一场艮叫座的电影。从上面一句英语和汉语译文可以看出，英语句子的动作'看'发生在昨天，不但用时间副词'yesterday',而且用动词‘see，的过去形态’saw，来表示。但是，在汉语句子中，只用副词“昨天”就够了。了解濯ffl内容，请参阅〈新编实用英语一学学•练练•考考＞第一册P.55,P70o.动词的主动语态与被动语态动词的语态也是语法的重点和难点，大家也要给予足够的重视。语态和时态是不同的概念，语态是围绕及物动词发生的动作的施动者与受动者两者的关系，以及在句子中如何表述的问题。请看Ourmaidvacuumsthefloorcarpeteveryweek.Thefloorcarpetisvacuumedbyourmaideveryweek.（我们家女佣每周吸地）在这两个句子中，女佣（maid）是‘吸地'（vacuum）这个动作的施动者，由她去执行，吸地’这个动作，而地毯（thefloorcarpet）则是受动者，接受，吸地'这个动作。a与b的区另应于，a是以浏乍的施侬雌语-主动靛，而b则是用受动者作主语-被句子中，英语动词的形态也发生了变化，a句用，vacuums，（主动语态），b句用‘isvacuumed'（被动语态）所以，英语动词被动语态的一般形态是：be+动词过去分词。上面b句翻译成汉语就是：“我们家的地毯每周都由女佣吸过”。可见，汉语里表达被动语态只需要用“被""由""管""给”等字词就够了，动词没有形态变化o至于英语动词各种时态的被动语态形式o请参阅〈新编实用英语一学学•练练•考考〉第一册P.85.时态的照应和主语与谓语一致这两方面的内容。（请参阅〈新编实用英语一学学•练练•考考〉第一册P.99,P113）（=）交际语言部分英语交际用语有很强的实用性，也是统考内容之一。交际用语的运用不但要求在一定语境中用语和应答在语法上正确，尤其要求用语符合英语国家人民的交际礼仪和交际习惯,要求语言'得体'，这涉及到语用学以及跨文化学科等多方面知识。大家应该在自己的涉外实践活动中和平时的英语学习中不断积累总结，才能熟悉并掌握大量的英语交际用语。交际用语的使用（也就是试题中选项的确定）必须掌握几个原则：一是必须要使参与交际双方能够实现预期的交际意图，完成信息和情感的交流任务；二是使用语言必须语法正确；三是使用语言必须'得体'；四是用语必须与语境协调一致。下面以三个实例来说明交际用语的一些特点和解题的一般技巧。［示例一：】—Wouldyouliketogofishingwithusnow?No,Idon'tlikeItsoundsinterestingbutIhavelotsofhomeworktodoIfssokindofyoutoinviteme.Thankyouforyourinvitation.本题的正确答案是B。这个答案表达了不去钓鱼的意思，也通过对钓鱼这种活动的称赞,来使拒绝的含义表达得委婉礼貌，而且说明了不能去的原因，回答十分得依如果用C或D,虽然很不域，但是未能表达出'去'还是'不去'的意思，问话者对回答不得要领，使得这个轮次的语言交际的目的未能实现。所以，完成信息或者情感的交流是语言交际的首要任务，做这种试题时必须记住。【示例二】一A:Areyoureadytoorderdesert,please?—B:.Yes,pleasePleasedon'torderitYes,rdliketohavesomechocolatecakeNo,don'tmentionit解开这一道问题的关键是，弄清楚对话发生在何处以及对话者之间的关系。从发问的内容便知道，这是发生在一家餐馆中一个招待和T立颐客之间的对话。清楚了每个对话者的身份，彳艮快就可以确定答案是c了。其实，彳艮多涉及交际用语的问题都有一个辩明对话者身份的问题，这一点同学们一定要注意。【示例三】-M:Hi,miss.Yourcoatisreallyverybeautiful.—W:.ThankyouNoneofyourbusiness.Yes,IboughtitinBoston.Yeah,myhusbandgaveittomeasabirthdaypresent.在这位女士可以选择的四个答案中，前面三个答案在语法上都正确，但是只有最后一个答案A才是最得体（注意：是‘得体二而不仅仅是'正确，）的回答。因为，在等车的这段时间中，男士为了打发时间，想主动与女士拉话，这句话只不过是他想“抛砖引玉”用来开始一场谈话的开场白。如果在改革开放以前，一位中国女士最可能用的答案是B,但是在英语国家，这是不太可能的，可见交际用语的选择有明确的文化解读。【示例四】-Mike:Doyoumindtellingmewhereyou'refrom,Jane?一Jane:.Certainly.I'mfromLondonSure.IwasborninLondonNotreally,youcandoitCertainlynot.I'mfromLondon这是明显发生在两个陌生人或者不太熟悉的人之间的对话。只有D才是答案。因为，回答是针对‘Doyoumind...?’而不是4whereareyoufrom?’的，所以用，Certainly'和'Sure，都表明她在意，不愿意讲她是哪里人，但后面又回答了是哪里人这个问题，显得前

后矛盾。这个例子说明，交际用语要复合英语国家人民的习惯，才能达到顺利交流的目的的习惯，才能达到顺利交流的目的。（四）阅读部分〈新编实用英语一综合教程》每课的"MaintainingASharpEye口若悬河-读”里面包含两篇短文，可以把第一篇作为学习重点，完成其后的所有练习；第二篇作为次重点。显出好、有余力的学生还可以在学生用书的同一部分选学更多短文作为补充。（五）翻译部分教材每课阅读部分"MaintainingaSharpEye火眼金睛--读"中的"ReadandTranslate潮豉做英译汉”，“ReadandSimulate模仿句型做汉翻英”以及第二篇短文后面的“ReadandTranslate潮豉:做汉译英”都是英汉互译的材料，可根据各自情况选择一些来做。（六）写作部分教材的写作分为''AppliedWriting应用文写作“以及“SentenceWriting句子写作”两部分。句子写作是瑁出，应用写作是实用，都不能忽视o但是，现阶段更应该多作一些基｛出性练习，因此第二部分“SentenceWriting句子写作”应该作为重点来学习。本期应从单句写作的练习 段落写作。第四部分教材各部分提示语汉语译文A.6.1.本期学习课程目录A.6.1.本期学习课程目录GREETINGANDINTRODUCINGPEOPLEGIVINGTHANKSANDEXPRESSINGREGRETDIRECTIONSANDSIGNSTIMETABLESANDSCHEDULESSTUDYSPORTSANDHOBBIESCOOKERY,FOODANDCULTURE第一课打招呼与作悭第二课致谢与致歉第三课路径与标志第四课时刻表与日程第六课求学第七课体育和爱好第八课烹调、饮食和文化CELEBRATINGHOLIDAYSANDMAKINGFRIENDS第九课庆祝节日和交友B.课程各部分提示语SectionITalkingFacetoFaceSectionITalkingFacetoFaceFollowtheSamplesActoutPutinuseSectionliBeingAllEarsListenandDecodeListenandRespondListenandCompleteListenandJudgeListenandReadListenandMatch第一部分口若悬河-一说模仿实例练口语成双成对练口语设身处蟠口语第二部分洗耳恭听一听听录音选听录音作回应听录音完成句子听录音作判断听录音㈱双填空听录音找关联答案ListenandConclude听录音做结论SectionHIListenandConclude听录音做结论SectionHIMaintainingaSharpEyeReadandThinkReadandCompleteReadandTranslateReadandSimulateReadandJudgeReadandRewriteReadandTranslateSectionIVTryingyourHandAppliedWritingReadandSimulateSimulateandCreateSentenceWriting第三部分火眼金睛-一读潮豉回答问题读也如乍填谡习潮豉侬译汉模仿句型做汉翻英潮豉作判断溺豉练习写作潮豉侬译英第四部分一试身写应用文写作模仿范例学习写作模仿范例写应用文句子写作从语法规则练习写作从改错练习写作从翻译练习写作看图画写短文WritetroughApplyingGrammarRulesWritethroughCorrectingMistakesWritethoughTranslationWritethroughDescribingaPicture第五部分开心一匆一乐SectionVHavingSomeFun第五部分开心一匆一乐第五部分 课程作业网上作业将分两次在网上公布，结果将记做平时或贵，参加本课程成绩总评.第六部分期末考试题型.交际用语(5%)(5X1%).阅读理解(40%)(20X2%).词汇与结构(20%)多项选择(15X1%)完形填空(5X1%).翻译(20%)SectionA翻译例句选优(5X1%)SectionB英汉互译(5X3%).写作(15%)第七部分 综合练习I.UseofEnglish交际用语Directions:Inthisparttherearefiveincompletedialoguesineachgroup.ForeachdialoguetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheOneanswerthatbestcompletesthedialogue.GroupOne第一组—Hello,mayItalktotheheadmasternow?A.Sorry,heisbusyatthemoment B.No,youcan'tC.Sorry,youcan't D.Idon'tknow—DoyouthinkIcouldborrowyourdictionary?A.Yes,youmayborrow B.Yes,goonC.Yes,helpyourself D.Itdoesn'tmatter—Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithusthisevening?A.B.A.B.CNo,Ican'tSorry,butthiseveningIhavetogototheairporttomeetmyparentsD.Idon'tknow—Hi,isMarythere,please?A.Holdon.I'llgetherC.Yes,sheliveshere5.A.Holdon.I'llgetherC.Yes,sheliveshere5.—Pleasehelpyourselftothefish.Thanks,butIdon'tlikefishC.Well,fishdon'tsuitmeNo,sheisn'thereD.Yes,whatdoyouwantB.Sorry,Ican'thelpD.No,Ican'tGroupTwo第二组—Hurryupplease,orI'llbelate.Sorrysir,butthetrafficisthicknowWell,ifsalright,sirHowcanyousaythat,sir?Oh,wearegoingtherightway—Excuseme,butcanyoutellmethewaytotheairport?A.Don'taskthat B.Sorry,I'mastrangerhereC.No,Ican,tsaythat D.No,you'redrivingtoofast—Howaboutadatetothemoviestonight.Jane?

Idon'tthinksoI'msorry.IhavetodrivemymotherhometonightNevermindTakeiteasy—Areyoureadytoorderdesert,please?Yes,pleasePleasedon'torderitNo,don'tmentionitYes,rdliketohavesomechocolatecake—DidTomtellyoutowatertheflowers?No,AndsodidIC.Hedid.AndsoIdidNo,AndsodidIC.Hedid.AndsoIdidNo.AndneitherdidID.Hedid.AndsodoIGroupThree第三组—CanIhelpyouwiththebag?No,no.IcantakeitmyselfThankyouSorry,youcan'tNo,I'mallright—Hello,rdliketospeaktoMark,please.A.Yes,I'mMark B.ThisisMarkspeakingC.Ifsmehere D.Thisisme—Canyougooutwithusfordinnerthisevening?No,IalreadyhaveplansThanksalotbutI'mbusytonightNo,Ireallydon'tlikebeingwithyouI'mill,soIshouldn'tgooutfordinner—Sorry,Imustbeleavingnow,becausethere,sameeting.Oh,no,youcan'tYes,youcanleaveifyoulikeoftea?Doyoureallyhavetogo?Couldn'tyouatleaststayforanothercupoftea?Oh,no.Idon'tunderstand—rdliketobookafilthgoShanghai,please.A.No,ofcoursenot B.DoyoumidifIsaidno?C.Yes,sir,singleorreturn? D.Youcan't.Wearebusy

II.Readingcomprehension阅读理解Directions:Therearesixpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.Passage1People'sattitudestowardsgiftgivingmayvaryfromcountrytocountry,eventhoughthedesiretoconveyafeelingoffriendshipisoftenuniversal.Hereisanexampletoillustratethedifferences.Japanisagiftgivingcountry.ItisnotunusualinJapantoofferagifttoapersonwhoisleavingorhasbeenhelpful.Whenpeopledothat,thegiftstendtobesubstantialandexpensive.However,atleastinthetypicalJapanesestyle,itisnotrequiredtoattainathank-younoteorcardtothegift.Japanesepeoplemayexpresstheirattitudeandfriendshipdirectlythroughthegifttheyhavecarefullychosenandgiventotheverypersontheyloveandrespect.Incontrast,youarelikelytogetmorecardsthangiftsintheUnitedStates.Acardmaycomewithasmallgiftornogiftatall.Ingeneral,Americanpeopledon,tcareverymuchwhetherthegiftisexpensiveornot.Asamatteroffact,yourgiftforthemwouldbeappreciatedallthemoreifyoumakeityourselfinsteadofbuyingitfromastore.Andthewordsonthecardseemtobethemostimportantthing.Whensomeonedoesnothaveacardonhand,heorshewouldwriteathank-younoteonapieceofpaper,giveittoyouinpersonorputitinyourpigeonhoe.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,peopleindifferentcountries.mayhavedifferenthabitsofgiftgivingmayhavealmostthesamehabitofgiftgivinghavethesameattitudestowardsgiftsmustgivegiftsonthesameoccasionJapanesetendtogiveabiggifttotheirfriendstoshowtheir.A.sadness B.friendship C.angerD.sympathyTheauthorthinksthatinJapan,.peopledonotlikegivegiftsin anycasespeopleoftengivegiftswhenhis friendsask foritisunusualtogivegiftstoa personwhen heor she is leavingitisusualforpeopletogivea gifttoaperson who offers help4.Accordingtothepassage,whichoftheA.B.C.D.Americans4.Accordingtothepassage,whichoftheA.B.C.D.AmericansAmericansAmericansAmericanswouldrathersendcardstolikeexpensivegiftswhichliketoputtheirgiftsinfollowingstatementsistrue?theirfriendsthangifts,comedirectlyfromastore,thepigeonholesdonotcarewhetheryouwritesomewordsonyourgiftsornot.5.Thetitleofthepassagemostprobablyis.DifferentGiftsAmericans'AttitudestowardsGiftsDifferentAttitudestowardGiftGivingJapaneseLiketoGiveExpensiveGiftsPassage2Americansoftengreeteachothersimplywith"Hello"or"Hi”.Theybelievesuchaninformalgreetingoftenimpliesacloseandfriendlyrelationship.Similarly,Americansdonothaveaformal"farewell”.Theywilljustwave"good-bye"tothewholegroup.Orperhaps,theywillsimplysay〃Bye〃，“Solong"or"Speakingoftime,rvegottorun“andthenleave.ToAmericans,afriendlyandinformalrelationshipisthemostimportantthing.Yes,aproperintroductionwillleaveagoodfirstimpressionuponothers.However,Americanintroductionsareusuallyrathersimple.IntheUnitedStates,mostpeopledon，tlikeusingMr.,Mrs.orMissinintroductions.Theyfindthesetermstooformal.Theypreferfirstnamestoformaltitlesinmostcases.Forexample,agentlemanmaysay,“Gladtomeetyou.I'mMiller.ButcallmePaul."Sometimesawomanyoumeetforthefirsttimemaysay,"Don'tcallmeMrs.Smith.JustcallmeSally."SowhenyourAmericanfriendsdonotuseyourlastnameortitles,don'tfeelthattheyhavebeenimpolite.Theyonlywanttoshowfriendliness.WhenyoufirstgettoknowanAmerican,hemayaskyou,Wheredoyouwork?”“Areyoumarried?"or"Doyouhavechildren?”SuchquestionsmaybetoopersonaltoEuropeans.ButAmericansdosometimesasksuchquestions.Theywouldliketogetanswerstothesequestions.Inthiswaytheycangetbetteracquaintedwithyouandhaveatopicforbeginningconversationwithyou.Americanslike.A.aformalgreeting B.aninformalgreetingC. togreetpeoplewithtitles D. tosaynothingwhenthey leaveAmericansoftengreeteachotherwithsimplewordsto.A. showtheircloserelationship B. showtheirprideC. expresstheircomplaints D. expresstheirimpolitenessWhenyouaskapersonyoufirst meetquestions like“Areyoumarried?”,.HemaygetangryifheisanAmerican.ShewillprobablyansweryourquestionifsheisanAmericanyounglady.ShewillsurelycallpoliceifsheisaEuropean.HewilllikeyourquestionandgiveananswerifheisaFrenchman.Inwhichofthefollowingcaseswillthetitle"Mr.Smith^^mostprobablybeused?A.InSmith'shomewhenhiswifeaddresseshim.AtabirthdaypartywhenSmith'sgoodfriendsaddresshim.AtaconferencewhenthechairmanintroducesSmithtothepeoplepresent.OntheplaygroundwhenSmith'ssonisplayingbaseballwithhim.Thetitleofthepassagemostprobablyis.TheWayAmericansGreetTheWayEuropeansGreetAmericansLiketoUseFirstNamestoGreetEachOtherEuropeansAreDifferentfromAmericansintheWayofGreetingPeoplePassage3Jimwasintelligent,buthehatedhardwork.Hesaid,“Youworkhard,andmakealotofmoney,andthenthegovernmenttakesmostofitastaxes.Iwanteasyworkthatgivesmelotsofmoneyandthatthegovernmentdoesn'tknowabout.MSohebecameathief-buthedidnotdothestealing.Hegototherstodoit.Theyweremuchlessintelligentthanhewas,sohearrangedeverythingandtoldthemwhattodo.Onedaytheywerelookingforrichfamiliestorob,andJimsawoneofthemtoalargebeautifulhousejustoutsidethetown.Itwasevening,andwhenthemanlookedthroughoneofthewindows,hesawayoungmanandagirlplayingonapiano.WhenhewentbacktoJim,hesaid,“Thatfamilycan'thavemuchmoney.Twopeoplewereplayingonthesamepianothere.MTheword“intelligent“inthefirstsentenceisclosestinmeaningto"A.clever B.honestC.interestingD.modestWhatJimsaidforhisunwillingnesstodohardworkcanberegardedas.A.anexcuseB.alie C.ajoke D.atruthJimdidnotdothestealing,.sohewasnotathiefinfactbecausehewaslessintelligentthanothersbuthemadestealingplansandgaveordersforhewasafraidofbeingcaughtbypoliceWheredidoneofthethievesgotodothestealing?A.Tothevillage. B.Tothecountry.C.Tothecity. D.Tothetown.Itcanbeconcludedfromthestorythat.Jim andhismendidn'trob thefamilythe familytheyweregoing torobwas not richin factthe thiefsenttothebeautifulhouse was foolish enoughthe youngmanandthegirl werehusbandandwifePassage4ChrisEvertLloydinanAmericantennischampionandoneofthetopwomenplayersintheworld.Sheisnotedforherstrongbackhandandherintenseconcentrationduringamatch.ChristineMarieEvertwasborninFortLauderdale,Florida.Shelearnedtoplaytennisfromherfather.BecauseshelearnedtoplayontheslowclaytenniscourtswhicharecommoninsouthernFlorida,EvertisatherbestonslowcourtsIn1971,attheageofsixteen,EvertbecametheyoungestplayertoreachthesemifinalsoftheUnitedStatesOpenTennisChampionships.ThiswasherfirsttimetoparticipateintheU.S.Open.In1972,sheturnedprofessionalandwasabletoacceptmoneyandotherprizesforwinningmatches.In1974,shewonthewomen'ssingletitleintwomajortournaments.ThesetitleswereatWimbledon,theBritishchampionship,andtheFrenchOpen,whichisplayedonclay.LatershewontheU.S.andAustralianOpens,thetwoothermajortennischampionships.Evertsetanimpressiverecordofwinsonclaycourts.FromAugust1973toMay1979,aperiodofalmostsixyears,Evertbeat125opponents.Herunbelievablerecordwillberememberedforaverylongtimeinthesportsworld.In1979,EvertmarriedEnglishtennisplayerJohnLloyd.Wimbledonisthesiteof.A.theU.S.Open B.theBritishchampionshipC.theFrenchOpen D.bothBandCAtenniscompetitionbetweentwopeopleiscalledatennis.A.gameB.champion C.open D.matchChrisEvert5shusbandisfrom.A.EnglandB.FranceC.theU.S. D.AustraliaAtherfirstU.S.Open,Evertwasa.A.FinalistB.Semifinalist C.winnerD.championHowmanymajortennischampionshipsarethere?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two. D.One.Passage5Therewasapilotandfourpeopleinasmallplane.Suddenlytherewassomethingwrongwiththemachinewhileitwasflyingintheair.Thesmokewaseverywhereintheplane.Thepilottoldthepeopletherewereonlyfourparachutes.Theyallbecameworriedandstartedtomakeexcuses.“Imustgoandmendthemachine,“saidthepilot,takingoneoftheparachutes.Therewasnothinghecoulddosohejumpedout.Thefirstpersonstoodup."I'madoctor”,hesaid."1helppeoplelivelongerandIsavelives.Healsotookaparachuteandjumpedout.Thesecondpersonstoodup."Imushhaveaparachute.I'maverycleverperson.Ihavetoattendanimportantsportsmatch.IknowI'llwinthegamebecauseI'llbethecleverestpersonthere.vHepickedupapackandjumpedout.Twomenwereleft—anoldbusinessmanandayoungmountainclimber.Bythistimetheplanewasgoingdownfast.Thebusinessmansaid,“Youngman,I'moldbutyou,restillyoung.Youtakethelastparachute.MTheyoungmountainclimbersmiled.“Don'tworry,Mhesaid,4twecambothjumptosafetybecausetherearestilltwoparachutes.Justnowthecleverpersonjumpedoutwithmybackpack.,,.Allthepeoplebecameworriedbecause.theycouldn,tfindtheparachutestheywereafraidtheplanewouldbebrokenandknewtherewerenotenoughparachutesforeachpersontherewastoomuchsmokeandtheycouldn,tjumpoutfromtheplanetheysawthepilotjumpoutfirstTheclevermanjumpedoutwith.A.aparachute B.nothingC.thepackoftheclimber's D.twoparachutesAllthepeoplethoughtofthemselvesonlyexcept.A.thepilot B.theclevermanC.thedoctor D.thebusinessman4.Fromthestoryweknowwouldbedead.A.theclevermanB.thebusinessmanC.thepilotD.thedoctor5.wasakind-heartedman.A.ThepilotB.ThemountainclimberC.ThebusinessmanD.ThedoctorPassage6Intheseatherearemanyislands.Initswarmwaterstherearesomelittleones.Wecallthem<4CoralIslands”.Acoralislandisverynicetolookat.Itlookslikearingoflandwithtrees,grass,andflowersonit.Onepartoftheringisopentothewater.Thereisalittleroundlakeinsidetheisland.Ifyoulookintothislake,youwillseebeautifulcoral.Youmaythinktheyareflowers.Ifyoulookatapieceofcoral,youwillseemanylittleholesinit.Ineachoftheseholesaverysmallseaanimalhaslived.Theseseaanimalsmakethecoral.Theybegantobuildunderthewater.Yearafteryear,thecoralgrewhigherandhigher.Atlastitgrewoutofthewater.Thentheseabroughtwatertosmalltreesandsomethingelse.Aftersomeyears,thesethingschangedintoearth.Sometimesthewindbroughtseedstoearth.Sometimesbirdsflewoveritandbroughtseedstotheisland.Thelittleseedsgrew.Inafewyearstherewereplantsallovertheisland.Inafewmoreyearsthereweretreesgrowingthere.Soyousee,theseislandswerebuiltlittlebylittle.Theworkerswereverysmall.Dotheynotteachusalesson?Canyouthinkwhatthelessonis?Inthesea.therearecoralislandsinallplacestherearesomecoralislandsthewaterisalwayswarm

2.Acoralislandlooks..aroundcake.aringoflandThereare2.Acoralislandlooks..aroundcake.aringoflandTherearein..followersgrassAC3.AC4.ABCD5,ABCDB.trees,grassandflowers

D.aroundlake

theholesincorals.B.littlecoralsD.seaanimalsHowdidseedsoftrees,grassandflowerscometothecoralislands?..ThewindandbirdsbroughtthemtothecoralislandsOnlythewindbroughtthemthere・PeoplebroughtthemthereIFishesbroughtthemthereFromthestorywelearnthat.smallworkerscan'sdobigthings>•onlybigworkerscandobigthings.smal1workerscandobigthingsiftheyworkhardandworkalongtime.allsmallthingscandobigthings.III.Vocabularyandstructure词汇与结构SectionA 多项选择Directions:Inhissectionthereare15incompletesentencesineachgroup.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheOneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.GroupOne第一组Somechildrenarefullofaboutthefood.A.complaintB.complaintsC.complainD.complainsgreeting,wouldyoupleasegivemeanexampletouseinEnglish?A.Speakingup B.SpeakingoutC.Speakingof D.SpeakingtoWearenotwellacquaintedallthefacts.A.to B.with C.at D.aboutAgoodstraincarriesallkindsofthings,exceptforD.personsA.passengerD.personsTomhadn，thadbeforehejoinedthearmy.A.lessons B.studiesC.manyeducationsIforgotbothofthe.A.roomsnumbersC.room,snumbersD.mucheducationB.roomnumbersD.mucheducationB.roomnumbersD.roomsofnumbersA.big B.many C.heavyD.largeTotheirgreat,theroofoftheirhousecaughtfire.A.afraidfear C.scareD.feelingTheengineertriedtotheproblemwithseveraldrawings.A.illiterateB.illegibleC.illusionD.illustrateA.afraidfear C.scareD.feelingTheengineertriedtotheproblemwithseveraldrawings.A.illiterateB.illegibleC.illusionD.illustrateTheagesofthestudentsinthisclassfrom18to21.A.vary B.changeC.diversifyD.transformI'dliketomyparents,greetingstoyouandyourfamily.A.deliver B.conveyC.convertD.transmitHeisinterestedcookingChinesefoodandalwaystrieshishandonnewdishes.A.withB.atC.onD.in13.TimeissoshortthatIreallycannottospendawholeafternooninthecoffeeshop.A.supply B.offerA.supply B.offerThatwomanlikestoherA.showupC.showoutC.afford D.provideexpensivedressesinfrontofothers.B.showoffD.showin15.HecouldspeakbothFrenchandGermanfluentlythoughneitherofthemishistongue.D.natureA.mother B.home C.nativeD.natureGroupTwo第二组Shetobookaseatonthenextflight.A.rushes B.torush C.rush D.rushedSheherbossofherarrivalinLondon.A.accusedB.confirmedC.informedD.convinceddamageD.badperfectionD.strangelydamageD.badperfectionD.strangelyA.crash B.murder C.fightD.Itwasonlyainjury,notatallserious.A.little B.slight C.lightThechildrenare