高考短文改错专项解题技巧辅导讲义01-高考英语高三一轮复习

高考英语高三一轮复习高考短文改错专项解题技巧辅导讲义01（讲义中知识点均对标高考）一：短文改错命题部位1.

词法：词性功能、易混词、固定搭配、词性变化等2.

行文逻辑：连词、逻辑承接词、和语义等3.

句法：时态语态、人称和数、句子成分、和结构及各种句型。二：错误类型1.

错词：主要针对动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词等实词2.

多词或缺词：主要针对冠词、介词、连词等虚词。三：短文改错命题规律与总对口诀1.

冠介连词多缺错改错设错为“多缺错”三种，冠介连必考。而且一篇只考一个（构成成语的情况可能第二次出现，但绝不会考第三个）例1.IpaidvisittoMrJohnson例2When,however,onMondayMorning,asciencefictionfilmaboutvisitorstoouterspacewasshownonTV,therewastheimmediateincreaseinreportssightingsfromallpartsofthestates.例3:ThebookIamreadingoftalksaboutafternoonteainBritain.例4：Ididnothavemycamerawithmeatthattime,butIrushedbackhometogetit.2.

同近反义颠倒搁同义词、近义词、反义词易混情况命题者使用的是“_______________”这一招。比如：except,besides/beside

interesting/interested

other/another

too/either等等例1：Beforewaitingforabouthalfanhour,Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.例2：MyfatherwassopleasingthathesuggestedIgotoEnglandforaholiday.例3:Iwasreallydisappointing.3：人称数态须呼应谓语动词必须与主语的人称和数相呼应；人称代词和物主代词要在数、性别、格几方面呼应，文章前后时态，主从句时态要一致。例1Hardworkhavemadehimveryill.例2Finally,therewereasuddenpullatthepole……….例3Hehadadeepvoice,whichsethimselffromothersinoursmalltown.Iwasonlyfourwhenshepassesaway.例4HesaidifIdecidetodosomethingittakeshimmuchtimestostopme.4.关联词语义法逻关联词的选择要依据连接词含义、语法规则和前后句的逻辑关系。并列句与主从句易混；逗号不许连接两个简单句，though与but不合作。例1Assoonaswearrived,sowedroppedthelinesintothewater.例2Myfatherishardworkingbutgoestoworkinthefieldeveryday.例3Havingteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner,thatmightnotbeserveduntil8o’clockatnight.5.系动形容实义副系动词后跟形容词；实义动词与副词合作；名词前面是形容词；than前用形、副比较级；ever、of+范围合作用最高级；分清同源ly副词的含义。如：wide/widelynear/nearlyhigh/highly

close/closely例1：Ifoundtheteatdifficulty,butItriedhardlytodoit/例2

Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.6.动主介宾动名词动词原形不能做主语，不能做介词宾语，要改为动名词。例1Haveteainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner.例2OnarriveinLondon,myauntrangmeup.7.固定搭配还原样成语搭配有固定性和习惯性，恢复正确原样即可。例1Tomakemattersbad,nowIhavetosharearoomwithmyyoungersister,Maggie.例2TherewasoneonparticularI’dalwayswanted.例3Lateon,myauntdrovemehome.8.非谓有法主被说非谓语各有各的规则，主要考虑搭配的固定性，如make/have/letsbdo特点不带to;一个句子必须要有真谓语，非谓语当有则有。考查非谓语动作与其逻辑主语的主被动关系错用的情况居多。例1Meanwhile,IfoundoutthatwithmorepatienceImustmakemytoystolast.例2Felthungry,webuiltafirebythelakeandbarbecuedthefish.例