阶段性热点预测试题CET5

阶段性热点预测试题CET5阶段性热点预测试题CET5阶段性热点预测试题CET5xxx公司阶段性热点预测试题CET5文件编号：文件日期：修订次数：第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计，管理制度Directions:Therearefourpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,and.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:IfyoulookcloselyatsomeoftheearlycopiesoftheDeclarationofIndependence,beyondtheflourishedsignatureofJohnHancockandtheonly55menwhosignedit,youwillalsofindthenameofonewoman,MaryKatherineGoddard.Itwasshe,aBaltimoreprinter,whopublishedthefirstofficialcopiesoftheDeclaration,thefirstcopiesthatincludedthenamesofitssignersandthereforeheraldedthesupportofallthirteencolonies.MaryGoddardfirstgotintoprintingattheageoftwenty-fourwhenherbrotheropenedaprintingshopinProvidence,RhodeIsland,in1762.Whenheproceededtogetintotroublewithhispartnersandcreditors,itwasMaryGoddardandhermotherwhowerelefttoruntheshop.In1765theybeganpublishingtheProvidenceGazette,aweeklynewspaper.SimilarproblemsseemedtofollowherbrotherasheopenedbusinessesinPhiladelphiaandagaininBaltimore.EachtimeMs.Goddardwasbroughtintorunthenewspapers.AfterstartingBaltimore'sfirstnewspaper,TheMarylandJournal,in1773,herbrotherwentbroketryingtoorganizeacolonialpostalservice.Whilehewasindebtor'sprison,MaryKatherineGoddard'snameappearedonthenewspaper'smastheadforthefirsttime.

WhentheContinentalCongressfledtherefromPhiladelphiain1776,itcommissionedMs.GoddardtoprintthefirstofficialversionoftheDeclarationofIndependenceinJanuary1777.Afterprintingthedocuments,sheherselfpaidthepostriderstodelivertheDeclarationthroughoutthecolonies.

DuringtheAmericanRevolution,MaryGoddardcontinuedtopublishBaltimore'sonlynewspaper,whichonehistorianclaimedwas“secondtononeamongthecolonies.”Shewasalsothecity'spostmasterfrom1775to1789——appointedbyBenjaminFranklin——andisconsideredtobethefirstwomantoholdafederalposition.21.Whichofthefollowingsubjectsisthepassagemainlyconcerned?A.Theaccomplishmentsofafemalepublisher.B.Theweaknessesofthenewspaperindustry.C.Therightsofafemalepublisher.D.ThepublishingsystemincolonialAmerica.22.MaryGoddard'snameappearsontheDeclarationofIndependencebecause

.A.shehelpedwritetheoriginaldocumentB.shepublishedthedocumentC.shepaidtohavethedocumentprintedD.herbrotherwasinprison23.Accordingtothepassage,MaryGoddardfirstbecameinvolvedinpublishingwhenshe

.A.wasappointedbyBenjaminFranklinB.signedtheDeclarationofIndependenceC.tookoverherbrother'sprintingshopD.movedtoBaltimore24.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatMaryGoddardwas.A.anaccomplishedbusinesswomanB.extremelywealthyC.amemberoftheContinentalCongressD.afamouswriter25.Theword“position”inthelastlineofthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto

A.job

B.ElectionC.Document

D.location21-25A

BC

AAQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Ifwomenaremercilesslyexploitedyearafteryear,theyhaveonlythemselvestoblame.Becausetheytrembleatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashion,theyarealwaystakenadvantageofbythedesignersandthebigstores.Clotheswhichhavebeenwornonlyafewtimeshavetobeputasidebecauseofthechangeoffashion.Whenyoucometothinkofit,onlyawomaniscapableofstandinginfrontofawardrobepackedfullofclothesandannouncingsadlythatshehasnothingtowear.Changingfashionsarenothingmorethantheintentionalcreationofwaste.Manywomenspendvastsumsofmoneyeachyeartoreplaceclothesthathavehardlybeenworn.Womenwhocannotaffordtothrowawayclothinginthisway,wastehoursoftheirtimealteringthedressestheyhave.Skirtsarelengthenedorshortened;necklinesareloweredorraised,andsoon.Noonecanclaimthatthefashionindustrycontributesanythingreallyimportanttosociety.Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarmth,comfortanddurability.Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearanceandtheytakeadvantageofthefactthatwomenwillputupwithanyamountofdiscomfort,aslongastheylookright.Therecanhardlybeamanwhohasn'tatsometimeinhislifesmiledatthesightofawomanshakinginathindressonawinterday,ordelicatelypickingherwaythroughdeepsnowinhigh-heeledshoes.Whencomparingmenandwomeninthematteroffashion,theconclusionstobedrawnareobvious.Dotheconstantlychangingfashionsofwomen'sclothes,onewonders,reflectbasicqualitiesofinconstancyandinstabilityMenaretooclevertoletthemselvesbecheatedbyfashiondesigners.DotheirunchangingstylesofdressreflectbasicqualitiesofstabilityandreliabilityThatisforyoutodecide.26.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?AcriticizingBpraisingCmatter-of-factDenthusiastic27.Accordingtotheauthor,fashionisathingthat

.Aisneitherawasteofmoneynorawasteoftime.Bcontributessomethingreallyimportanttothesociety.Cispractical.Dmakesitsfollowerssuffer.28.WhichoftheimplicationsaboutthelastparagraphisTrue?AWomenareinconsistentandunstable.BMenarestableandreliable.CDresscannotreflectaperson'scharacter.DMenarecleverenoughnottocareaboutwomen'sappearance.29.Thispassageismostprobablywritten

.Afromawoman'spointofview.Bfromaman'spointofview.Cbyawoman.Dbyaman.regardtothewholepassage,whoaretoblameforthequicklychangingfashionindustry?AwomenthemselvesBfashiondesignersCbigstoresDalloftheabove26-30ADCB

DQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Forme,scientificknowledgeisdividedintomathematicalsciences,naturalsciencesorsciencesdealingwiththenaturalworld(physicalandbiologicalsciences),andsciencesdealingwithmankind(psychology,sociology,allthesciencesofculturalachievements,everykindofhistoricalknowledge).Apartfromthesesciencesisphilosophy,aboutwhichwewilltakelater.Inthefirstplace,allthisispureortheoreticalknowledge,soughtonlyforthepurposeofunderstanding,inordertofulfilltheneedtounderstandwhatisintrinsicandconsubstantialtoman.Whatdistinguishesmanfromanimalisthatheknowsandneedstoknow.Ifmandidnotknowthattheworldexisted,andthattheworldwasofacertainkind,hewouldn'tbeman.Thetechnicalaspectsorapplicationsofknowledgeareequallynecessaryformanandareofthegreatestimportance,becausetheyalsocontributetodefininghimasmanandpermithimtopursuealifeincreasinglymoretrulyhuman.Butevenwhileenjoyingtheresultsoftechnicalprogress,hemustdefendtheprimacyandautonomyofpureknowledge.Knowledgesoughtdirectlyforitspracticalapplicationswillhaveimmediateandforeseeablesuccess,butnotthekindofimportantresultwhoserevolutionaryscopeisinlargepartunforeseen,exceptbytheimaginationoftheUtopians.Letmerecallawell-knownexample.IftheGreekmathematicianshadnotappliedthemselvestotheinvestigationofconic(锥体)sectionszealouslyandwithouttheleastsuspicionthatitmightsomedaybeuseful,itwouldnothavebeenpossiblecenturieslatertonavigatefarfromshore.Thefirstmentostudythenatureofelectricitycouldnotimaginethattheirexperiments,carriedonbecauseofmereintellectualcuriosity,wouldeventuallyleadtomodernelectricaltechnology,withoutwhichwecanscarcelyconceiveofcontemporarylife.Pureknowledgeisvaluableforitsownsake,becausethehumanspiritcannotresignitselftoignorance.But,inaddition,itisthefoundationforpracticalresultsthatwouldnothavebeenreachedifthisknowledgehadnotbeensoughtdisinterestedly.31.Themostimportantadvancesmadebymankindcomefrom

.AtechnicalapplicationsBapparentlyuselessinformationCthenaturalsciencesDphilosophy32.Theauthordoesnotincludeamongthesciencesthestudyof

.AchemistryBanthropologyCastronomyDliterature33.TheauthorpointsoutthattheGreekswhostudiedconicsections

.AweremathematiciansBwereinterestedinnavigationCwereunawareofthevalueoftheirstudiesDworkedwithelectricity34.Thetitlebelowthatbestexpressestheideaofthispassageis

.ATechnicalProgressBMan'sDistinguishingCharacteristicsCLearningForItsOwnSakeDtheDifferencebetweenScienceandPhilosophy35.Thepracticalscientist

.AknowsthevalueofwhathewilldiscoverBisinterestedintheunknownCisaphilosopherDconceivesofcontemporarylife31-35

BDCCAQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Diffusionistheprocessbywhichmoleculesorionsscatterorspreadfromregionswheretheyareinhigherconcentrationstowardregionswheretheyareinlowerconcentrations.Asarule,thisphenomenoninvolvesthemovementofmoleculesorionsingasesorliquids.Actually,moleculesingasesandmoleculesandionsinbodyfluidsareconstantlymovingathighspeeds.Eachoftheseparticlestravelsinaseparatepathalongastraightlineuntilitcollidesandbouncesoffsomeotherparticle.Thenitmovesinanotherdirection,onlytocollideagainandchangedirectiononcemore.Suchmotionishaphazard,butitaccountsforthemixingofmoleculesthatcommonlyoccurswhendifferentkindsofsubstancesareputtogether.Forexample,ifyouputsomesugarintoaglassofwater,thesugarwillseemtoremainatthebottomforawhile.Thenslowlyitdisappearsintosolution.Asthishappens,themovingwaterandsugarmoleculesarecollidinghaphazardlywithoneanother,andintimethesugarandwatermoleculeswillbeevenlymixed.Thismixingoccursbydiffusion—thesugarmoleculesspreadwheretheyareinhigherconcentrationtowardtheregionswheretheyarelessconcentrated.Eventuallythesugarbecomesuniformlydistributedinthewater.Thisconditioniscalledequilibrium.Osmosisisaspecialkindofdiffusion.Itoccurswheneverwatermoleculesdiffusefromaregionofhigherconcentrationthroughaselectivelypermeablemembrane,suchasacellmembrane.36.Theconcentrationofamaterialinanareareferstothe

.A.areainwhichamaterialisfoundB.amountofthatmaterialfoundinaparticularareaC.kindofmaterialitisD.nameofthematerial37.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstsentenceinthefirstparagraph?A.Todefinediffusion.B.Toexplaindiffusion.C.Togiveanopinionofdiffusion.D.Toprovideanexampleofdiffusion.38.Thesecondsentenceinthefirstparagraphisused

.A.toelaborateon,orextend,thedefinitionB.togiveaspecificexampleC.tostatethemainideaD.togiveaconclusion39.Whichofthefollowingtitlessuitsthepassagebest?A.Diffusion.B.Osmosis.C.HowDoesDiffusionHappen?

D.Diffusion&Equilibrium.40.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutOsmosisistrue?A.Itinvolvesthemovementofmoleculesingases.B.Itinvolvesthemovementofionsinliquids.C.Itisaprocessbywhichmoleculesdiffusefromaregionofhigherconcentrationtowardthatoflowerconcentration.D.A,BandC.36-40BAAACPartⅡ

ReadingComprehension21A

本文主要讲述的是在美国建国初期一位曾经为美国独立鼎力相助的女性MaryKatherine

Goddard的生平故事。文章介绍了她如何成为一个出版商，又如何在《独立宣言》的发表过程中，解囊相助，并在后来经本杰明·富兰克林任命，作了巴尔的摩的邮政局长，成为美国历史上第一个有联邦职位的女性。这与新闻业的缺点，女出版商的权利，以及殖民地时期的出版系统没有关系22A

B

文章第一段提到，“Itwasshe,aBaltimoreprinter,whopublishedthefirstofficialcopiesoftheDeclaration…”当年是MaryKatherineGoddard出版了第一版官方的《独立宣

言》，而印刷后是她出资由邮递员将《宣言》发到各地。23

A

BC答案在文章第二段的开头“MaryGoddardfirstgotintoprinting…whenherbrother

openedaprintingshop…Whenheproceededtogetintotroublewithhispartnersandcreditors,itwasMaryGoddardandhermotherwhowerelefttoruntheshop”，亦即，MaryGoddard的哥哥开办了印刷店，并和合作人以及债主发生纠纷的时候，MaryGoddard和她的母亲接手了印刷店，从此开始了她的印刷业生涯。24

A

BC

A内容推断题。从文章中的内容可以推断出，MaryGoddard曾经几度挽救了她兄弟的生意，直到她兄弟破产，她的名字就正式出现在了报纸的报头上，可以推断她成为了报纸的真正主人。在文章最后一段的开头，作者提到：DuringtheAmericanRevolution,MaryGoddardcontinuedtopublishBaltimore'sonlynewspaper,whichonehistorianclaimedwas“secondtononeamongthecolonies.”在美国革命期间，MaryGoddard继续主办巴尔的摩的惟一一家报纸，而这张报纸被一个历史学家评论为“在殖民地中首屈一指”。这进一步证明了她的办报能力。因此形容她是“anaccomplishedbusinesswoman”是选项中最为恰当的。25

A

BC

AA

position是“工作”、“职位”的意思。比如：He'sgotagoodpositionwithasoftwarecompany.他在一家软件公司有份好工作。再比如：toapplyforaposition谋职。26

A语气题也是阅读理解常考的题目，这要求学生有较敏锐的感觉。本篇批评时装业的无聊和女人对时尚的不理智追求，具有较强的个人好恶色彩，因此说它客观讲述事实，故C是不对的。27AD根据本文，大冷天女人们为了时髦，穿上薄衣服冻得发抖，自然是在受苦，而且从另一种意义上，追时髦既浪费时间，又浪费金钱，也让它的追逐者们受苦。28ADC最后一段肯定的一点是男人对时尚的观点比女人要理智得多。但作者用两个问句表明女人衣着变幻不说明性格多变，男人衣着不变也不说明性格就持久，男人不至于傻到相信时装设计师设计出的型号，但也不会一点不关心女人的型号。29

ADCB本文对女人如此批评，对男人如此褒奖，似应男人所写，但有男人眼光不一定就是个男人。30

ADCB

D造成时装业快速变化，A、B、C三者都有一定责任，不能只看文中第一句便认定是A“女人自己”，注意题干中有“纵观全文”条件，所以全面考虑，应是三者兼有。31

B文章第二段第二句说“人们因其实用性所追求的知识会立即取得可预见的成功，但并不是那种具有革命性的重要结果，在很大程度上，人们并没有预见到这种知识的革命性。”紧接着作者又以两个例子加以论证。由此可见，人类所取得的最重要的进步来源于那些看起来没用的信息。32

BD文章第一段中提到了自然科学和人类科学。选择项中A项的化学和C项的天文学属于自然科学范畴，而B项人类学属于人类科学的范畴。33

BDC文章第二段第四句说“假如希腊数学家没有热心致力于锥体截面的研究，并且丝毫没有怀疑将来有一天它会有用，……。”由此可推断出研究锥体截面的科学家并未意识到自己研究的价值。34

BDCC本文主要讨论了纯科学的意义，并且以实例来说明，科学家在进行纯科学研究时，并未追求其实用价值。由此可见，作者写这篇文章的主要意图，即文章的中心思想是为学习而学习。35

BDCCA文章中说科学家进行纯科学研究时，并不知道其研究成果的价值，因此可推断出进行实用科学研究的科学家(practicalscientist)知道他即将做出的发现的价值。36

B此题涉及对concentration一词的理解。在第一段中“higher”与“lower”被用来修饰concentration，如将higher与lower带入四个选项中，只有amount可用这两个词来形容。37

BA如将第一段第一句话翻译出来，即“渗滤是一种分子或离子从较高浓度区分散或扩散到较低浓度区的过程”，这显然是对diffusion的一种定义。38

BAA第一段中第一句话给出了diffusion的定义，第二句紧接着指出，作为一项规则，渗滤这个现象涉及分子或离子在液体或气体中的运动，这是对diffusion定义的进一步阐释。39

BAAA这篇短文第一段先定义diffusion。第二段具体描述了diffusion发生的过程。第三段举例说明了这一过程。第四段描述了diffusion的一种特殊形式osmosis(渗透)。整篇文章都是围绕diffusion展开的。40

BAAAC根据第四段第二句话“Itoccurswheneverwatermoleculesdiffusefrommembrane”可知A和B是错误的，osmosis是水分子的运动。A、B错误，所以D也是错的。C的表达近似于对diffusion定义，既然osmosis是diffusion的一种。PassageOneQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whenaskedabouthappiness,weusuallythinkofsomethingextraordinary,anabsolutedelight,whichseemstogetrarertheolderweget.Forkids,happinesshasamagicalquality.Theirdelightatwinningaraceorgettinganewbikeisunreserved(毫不掩饰的).Intheteenageyears,theconceptofhappinesschanges.Suddenlyit’sconditionalonsuchthingsasexcitement,loveandpopularity.Icanstillrecalltheexcitementofbeinginvitedtodancewiththemostattractiveboyattheschoolparty.Inadulthood,thethingsthatbringdeepjoy----love,marriage,birth----alsobringresponsibilityandtheriskofloss.Foradults,happinessiscomplicated(复杂的).Mydefinitionofhappinessis“thecapacityforenjoyment”.Themorewecanenjoywhatwehave,thehappierweare.It’seasytooverlookthepleasurewegetfromthecompanyoffriends,thefreedomtolivewhereweplease,andevengoodhealth.(Para.5)Iexperiencedmylittlemomentsofpleasureyesterday.FirstIwasoverjoyedwhenIshutthelastlunch-boxandhadthehousetomyself.ThenIspentanuninterruptedmorningwriting,whichIlove.Whenthekidsandmyhusbandcamehome,Ienjoyedtheirnoiseafterthequietoftheday.(Para.6)Psychologiststellusthattobehappyweneedamixofenjoyableleisuretimeandsatisfyingwork.Idon’tthinkthatmygrandmother,whoraised14children,hadmuchofeither.Shedidhaveanetworkofclosefriendsandfamily,andmaybethisiswhatsatisfiedher.(Para.7)We,however,withsomanychoicesandsuchpressuretosucceedineveryarea,haveturnedhappinessintoonemorethingwe’vegottohave.We’vebeensoself-consciousaboutour“right”toitthatit’smakingusmiserable.Sowechaseitandequalitwithwealthandsuccess,withoutnoticingthatthepeoplewhohavethosethingsaren’tnecessarilyhappier.Happinessisn’taboutwhathappenstous----it’sabouthowweseewhathappenstous.It’stheskillfulwayoffindingapositiveforeverynegative.It’snotwishingforwhatwedon’thave,butenjoyingwhatwedopossess.26.Aspeoplegrowolder,they.A.feelithardertoexperiencehappinessB.associatetheirhappinesslesswithothersC.willtakefewerrisksinpursuinghappinessD.tendtobelieveresponsibilitymeanshappiness27.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromParagraphs.5and6?A.Shecareslittleaboutherownhealth.B.Sheenjoysthefreedomoftraveling.C.Sheiseasilypleasedbythingsindailylife.D.Sheprefersgettingpleasurefromhousework.28.WhatcanbeinferredfromPara.7?A.Psychologiststhinksatisfyingworkiskeytohappiness.B.Psychologists’opinioniswellprovedbyGrandma’case.C.Grandmaoftenfoundtimeforsocialgatherings.D.Grandma’shappinesscamefrommodestexpectationsoflife.29.Peoplewhoequalhappinesswithwealthandsuccess.A.considerpressuresomethingblockingtheirwayB.stresstherighttohappinesstoomuchC.areatalosstomakecorrectchoicesD.aremorelikelytobehappy30.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.Happinessliesbetweenthepositiveandthenegative.B.Eachmanisthemasterofhisownfate.C.Successleadstohappiness.D.Happyishewhoiscontent.PassageTwoQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheartofpublicspeakingbeganinancientGreeceover2,000yearsago.Now,Twitter,e-mail,blogsandQQchatofferapproachestocommunication—butnonecanreplacetheroleofagreatspeech.Thespokenwordcanhandlevariousimportantfunctions:persuadingorinspiring,informing,payingtribute(致敬),entertaining,orsimplyintroducingsomeone.Persuadingisusedindealingwithorreconcilingdifferentpointsofview.WhentheleadersmetinCopenhageninDecember,2009,persuasivewordsfromactivitiesencouragedthemtotakeformeraction.Inspirationalspeechesdealwithemotions.Theyfocusontopicsandmattersthatareclosetopeople’shearts.Lastyear,duringthefightinginIraq,generalsusedinspiringspeechestopreparethetroopsforbattle.Somespeechesspreadknowledgeanddeepenunderstanding.WhentheH1N1fluwasannounced,thediseasescaredmanypeople.InformativespeechesfromWorldHealthOrganization(WTO)officialshelpedpeopletokeeptheirpanicundercontrolsotheycouldtakenecessarypreventivemeasures.Sadeventsarenevereasytodealwithbutaspeechthatpaystributetothelossofalovedoneandgivespraisefortheircontributioncanbecomforting.Madonna’sspeechaboutMichaelJacksonafterhisdeathshowedthefactthathewillcontinuetoliveonthroughhismusic.It’snotonlyinworldforumswherepublicspeakingplaysanimportantrole.Itcanalsobehelpfulinthecourseofourownlife.Youmaybeaskedtodoapresentationatcollegeorworktoinformothersaboutanareaofgreatimportance.Onamorepersonallevel,afriendmaybeupsetandneedcomforting.Oryoumightbeaskedtointroduceaspeakeratafamilygatheringortospeakatawedding,whereyourlanguagewillbeneededtomovepeopleormakethemlaugh.(Para.7)Greatspeakingabilityisnotsomethingwe’rebornwith.EvenBarackObamaworkshardtoperfecteveryspeech.31.Theunderlinedword“reconciling”inPara.3canbestbereplacedby“”.A.consideringB.questioningC.acceptingD.settling32.ThepassagementionstheH1N1flutoshowthefunctionof.A.persuasivespeechesB.informativespeechesC.inspirationalspeechesD.introductivespeeches33.Para.7mainlytellsusthatpublicspeaking.A.isimportantinworldforums.B.canhelpusmakemorefriends.C.mattersmoreinone’slife.D.ishelpfulinourdailylife.34.Whatwouldthewriterprobablytalkaboutfollowingthelastparagraph?A.Howthespeechcameintobeing.B.Whythepublicspeakingisimportant.C.Howyoucanperfectyourspeech.D.WhyObamaoftenmakesspeeches.35.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TipsofgreatspeechesB.ThehistoryofthespeechC.FunctionsofthespeechD.ThelanguageofthespeechPassageThreeQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomemoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwillsubstantiallydecreasetheamountofwateravailablefordiluting(稀释)wastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplexchemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious(有毒的).Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals.Fromthis,itisapp