考研考博-英语-华南农业大学考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-华南农业大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Ifyougetintoabathfullofwater,someofthewaterwill（

）ontothefloor.

问题1选项

A.overlap

B.overflow

C.flourish

D.flutter

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项overlap“与…重叠”；B选项overflow“溢出，泛滥”；C选项flourish“繁荣，茂盛，茁壮成长”；D选项flutter“飘动，飞来飞去”。句意：如果你进入一个充满水的浴缸，水将会溢出到地板上。选项B符合句意。

2.单选题

Manynovelsthatattempttomirrortheworldarereally___oftherealitythattheyrepresent.

问题1选项

A.reflections

B.demonstrations

C.illuminations

D.reproductions

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.reflections反映；反响B.demonstrations示范；展示

C.illuminations启发；阐释D.reproductions复制；复制品

【考查点】近义词辨析。

【解题思路】句中mirror在这里表示反映的意思，that引导一个定语从句修饰novel，在这里表示尝试反映世界的小说。空格后接of，of短语做后置定语。主句为novelsare+空格处名词。空格处应该填一个与mirror相似的单词，表示反映的意思。A选项reflection符合句意。

【干扰项排除】

B选项demonstration表示清楚细致地展示；

C选项illumination指某物能够被理解；

D选项reproduction表示复制出与原物相似的物品。

【句意】许多试图反映世界的小说实际上反映了它们所代表的现实。

3.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.

钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。著名的词作家乔羽说：“钓鱼可以分为三个阶段：第一阶段是吃鱼；第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之；第三个阶段主要是钓趣，面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全都抛到一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。”

【答案】Fishingisasportthatcanhelpimproveone’stemperament.Itisgoodforphysicalandmentalhealth.Thewell-knownsongwriterQiaoYusaid:“Fishingfallsintothreestages.Thefirststageisjustforeatingfish.Thesecondstageisforenjoyingthepleasureoffishingaswellaseatingfish.Thethirdstageismainlyforthepleasureoffishingfacingapoolofclearwater,onecastsasideallanxietiesandworriesandenjoysagoodmentalandphysicalrest.

4.单选题

TheSantaAnaappealscourtupheldanearlierjuryverdictawarding$3.2millionindamagestoAlexisSartiwhosufferedseriousnervedamageafterafoodpoisoningepisodeatarestaurant.（1）

InApril2005,SartiaterawtunaattheSaltCreekGrillerestaurant.Afterwards,shesufferedfromsuddenparalysisanddoublevision.Shespentthenext49daysinthehospital,andhadtodropoutofcollegeformorethanayearandahalfafterthefoodpoisoningincident,formedicalcareandtherapy.

（2）Musclesandspasmsbotherheronadailybasis,althoughshesaysshe’susedtothesenow.Shehasrecoveredsomewhatsincethen.Butstrenuousactivityisoutofthequestion,andwhat’sworse,sheexpectshersituationtodeteriorateasshegetsolder.

Sartifiledalawsuitagainsttherestaurant,andclaimedcrosscontaminationofthetunawithaformofbacteriathatexistsinrawpoultry.

（3）

TheverdictwassetasidebySuperiorCourtJudgeDerekW.Hunt.The4thDistrictCourtofAppealinSantaAnahasnowoverturnedJudgeHunt’sruling.

Indeliveringhisdecision,JudgeHuntsaidhewasconstrainedbya35-year-oldappellatedecisionthatprohibitsjuriesfromassumingthatcrosscontaminationintherestaurantswastheresultoffaultypracticesofhandling.

TheSantaAnaappealscourtseemstohavedisregardedthatolderappellatedecision.

（4）

Ithasbeencitedforinroperfoodstorage,crosscontaminationandincorrecthandlingonthreeseparateinstances.

ItwasclearthatthenegligentfoodhandlingpracticesatthisrestaurantwereresponsibleforadeadlycrosscontaminationthatresultedinSard’sfoodpoisoning.

（5）

Still,shehasincurredmorethanamilliondollarsworthofmedicalbills,andexpectstoneedmoremedicalcareinthefuture.

问题1选项

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

问题2选项

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

问题3选项

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

问题4选项

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

问题5选项

A.Atthetrial,Sard’sattorneysarguedthatSaltCreekGrillehasarecordofpoorhandlingpracticesinitskitchens.

B.Sartisaidmedicalbillstotaledabout$1millionandshewantstoputasideanother$1millionforfutureexpenses.

C.Sartiinsiststhatthevictoryisamoral,ratherthanmonetaryone.

D.Onceahighschoolcrosscountryrunner,Sartitodayisunabletotakepartinsportslikerunning,orotherformsofextremephysicalactivity.

E.It’samilestonedecisionthatcannowbecitedacrossotherfoodpoisoninglawsuits.

F.Ajuryhandeddownaverdictfor$3.2million,andSaltCreekGrille,whichalsohasbranchesinNewYorkandNewJersey,appealed.

【答案】第1题:E

第2题:D

第3题:F

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.联系上下文。本文第一段第一句概述了SantaAna案件的审判结果。而选项中只有E是总结这一审判结果的历史意义。

2.联系上下文。本文第二段主要介绍了Sarti在食品中毒后所受到的身体机能方面的损伤。选项中只有D是关于她身体所受的伤害。

3.联系上下文。此空格下文的中心词“verdict”前面的定冠词the使用，提示读者该词不是第一次出现在此处，而选项中只有F选项里出现了“averdict”。

4.联系上下文。本空格下文中用到指代词“it”，而且是做“cite”的宾语，所以该代词可能指“供词”、“记录”等文件。

5.联系上下文。本题空白后的句子大意为：不包括今后的治疗，受害者Sarti目前已经承受了100多万美元的医疗费用。这句话暗指她这次胜诉与其说是金钱方面的胜诉，不如说是道义上的胜诉。

5.单选题

I______atthematurityofsuchayoungchild.

问题1选项

A.surprised

B.marveled

C.shocked

D.moved

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项surprised“使感到意外”；B选项marveled“大为赞叹”；C选项shocked“惊愕；休克”；D选项moved“使感动”。句意：我对这样一个孩子的成熟感到______。根据语境，这里是指没想到这么小的小孩子竟然这么成熟，带着褒奖的意味，所以marveled“大为赞叹”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

6.单选题

Helivedina（

）house,andforthisreasonhewaseasilyacceptedintohismoney-worshipingsociety.

问题1选项

A.shabby

B.ragged

C.dingy

D.decent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他住在一栋很体面的房子里，也因为这样他很快就被金钱至上的社会所接纳。shabby“破旧的”；ragged“粗糙的”；dingy“昏暗的”；decent“体面的”。根据句意，选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

Iremindedhimthatwehadaskedforanordinaryroom,notaspecialroom,andwhenIinquiredwhatisunusualaboutourroom,heseemednottowanttoanswer.

问题1选项

A.hadaskedforanordinaryroom，not

B.inquiredwhat

C.unusualabout

D.seemednottowant

E.没有错误

【答案】C

【解析】形容词误用。将unusual改为special。句意:我提醒他,我们要求入住的是普通间,而不是专用房，并且，当我询问我们的房间有什么特殊时,他似乎不想回答。unusual不寻常的；不平常的。special特别的；专门的。

8.单选题

Wright，acomputerscientist,isplottinganexperimentwithahumanoidrobotcalledNao.Heandhiscolleaguesplantointroducethiscuterobottopeopleonthestreetandelsewhere—whereitwilldeliberatelyinvadetheirprivacy.Uponmeetingstrangers,forexample,Naomayuseface-recognitionsoftwaretodigupsomedetailedinformationonlineaboutthem.Or,itmaytapintotheirmobilephone’slocationtrackinghistory,learnwheretheyatelunchyesterday,andaskwhattheythoughtofthesoup.

Wrightisoneofanumberofresearcherswonderingwhetherwecantrusttherobotsthatarepoisedtoenterourlives.Scientistsandscholarsarguethatifrobotsbecomeubiquitous,they’llbeabletoconstantlywatchandrecordus.Oneofthegreatestthreats,itseems,istoourprivacy.

Robotshavealreadybeenworkinginfactoriesfordecades.Somearenowinourhomes,cleaningourfloors,whileothersmaysoonkeepawatchfuleyeonusassecurityguardsorhelptakecareoftheelderly.Inthelastyearalone,Google,whichisalreadydevelopingself-drivingcars,boughteightrobotcompanies.

Yetdespiteadvancesintechnologyandinartificialintelligence,we’restillalongwayfromintelligentrobots.Whatwillempowerthem,however,isthecloud:thedistributed,networkedcomputinginwhichtheInternetlives.ByconnectingtotheInternet,robotscanretrieveinformationandaskforhelpastheynavigatetheworld,forexample.

Itwouldbethenextstepinatechnologicalevolutionalreadyunderway.“Whatwe’reincreasinglyseeingnowistheexistenceofcomputersandsensingdevicesaspartoftheinfrastructurethatsurroundsus,saysWright,basedattheOxfordInternetInstituteattheUniversityofOxford.Withsmartphones,theriseofwearabletechnologieslikeGoogleGlass,andtheavailabilityofwireless

Internetalmosteverywhere,theInternetisembeddingitselfdeeperintoourenvironment.

“Ultimately,whatarobotisorwhatarobotrepresentsisanincreasingpresenceofcomputersasmorephysicalobjectsthatweinteractwith,”Wrightsays.“Thoseinteractionsaregoingtobeveryrich,”headds.“It’sgoingtobephysicalandpervasive.”

Perhapsthat’spartofthereasonwhysomeofthemajorwebtechnologyfirms,suchasGoogle,havebeenembracingrobotics.Someresearchersandprivacyadvocatesareconcernedthatrobotscouldactasphysicalextensionsofthesecompanies,givingthemtremendousaccessintoyourlife.

1.WhatistrueaboutthehumanoidrobotNao?

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”(Paragraph2)mostprobablymean?

3.GoogleismentionedinParagraph3to（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthecloud?

5.Somemajorwebtechnologyfirmsembraceroboticsbecause

（

）.

6.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Itisusedtointrudeintopeople’sprivacy.

B.Ithasalotofdetailedinformationinitssoftware.

C.Itcantrackwherepeopleputtheirmobilephones.

D.Itcanhelppeopleorderinarestaurant.

问题2选项

A.Unique.

B.Ridiculous.

C.Commonplace.

D.Powerful.

问题3选项

A.showthelatestdevelopmentofrobots

B.illustrateitscontributiontotheroboticindustry

C.explaintheapplicationofrobotsontheInternet

D.demonstratethewidespreaduseofrobots

问题4选项

A.Itisthelatestdevelopmentinartificialintelligence.

B.Itcanhelpdevelopintelligentrobots.

C.ItisanetworkofInternet-connectedcomputers.

D.Itisanavigationtoolforworldtravelers.

问题5选项

A.robotsmakehumaninteractionswiththeInternetmoreprevalent

B.robotscouldadvancetechnologicalrevolution

C.robotscanimprovethenaturalenvironment

D.robotscanprotectthebusinesssecretsofcompanies

问题6选项

A.WhatistheUnderlyingPowerofRobots?

B.Robots:CanWeTrustThemwithOurPrivacy?

C.TheEvolutionofRoboticTechnology.

D.TheFutureofRoboticTechnology.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词“thehumanoidrobotNao”，可将信息点定位至原文第一段第二句。根据“Heandhiscolleaguesplantointroducethiscuterobottopeopleonthestreetandelsewhere—whereitwilldeliberatelyinvadetheirprivacy.(他和他的同事们计划把这个可爱的机器人介绍给大街上的人和其他地方的人——它会故意侵犯他们的隐私。)”,即可得出本题答案。

2.词义推断题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第二段。根据“ifrobotsbecomeubiquitous,they’llbeabletoconstantlywatchandrecordus(如果机器人变得无处不在，它们将能够不断地观察和记录我们)”,即可得出本题答案。

3.细节推断题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第三段。根据“beenworkinginfactoriesfordecades(在工厂工作了几十年)”“Google,whichisalreadydevelopingself-drivingcars,boughteightrobotcompanies.(谷歌公司也运用机器人，开发了无人驾驶车，并已经购买了8个机器人公司。)”,即可进行合理推断，从而得出本题答案。

4.细节判断题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文第四段。根据“we’restillalongwayfromintelligentrobots.Whatwillempowerthem,however,isthecloud…(尽管目前我们离智能机器人还很遥远，但是云(cloud)是可以用来开发机器人技术的。)”即可得出本题答案。

5.细节事实题。根据题干信息，可将信息点定位至原文倒数第二段。根据““Thoseinteractionsaregoingtobeveryrich,”headds.“It’sgoingtobephysicalandpervasive.”(“这些互动将非常丰富，”他补充道。“它将是物理的和普遍的。”)”,即可得出本题答案。

6.主旨大意题。根据“researcherswonderingwhetherwecantrusttherobotsthatarepoisedtoenterourlives(研究人员想知道，我们是否能信任即将进入我们生活的机器人)”“concernedthatrobotscouldactasphysicalextensionsofthesecompanies,givingthemtremendousaccessintoyourlife(担心机器人会成为这些公司的实体延伸，让它们大量进入你的生活)”,可概括出，文章主要围绕机器人技术的开发会不会威胁人们的隐私这一问题展开。从而得出本题答案。

9.单选题

Wedidn’texpectthatthelocalgovernmentwassoefficient;allthethingswentwithaminimum（）andmaximumspeed.

问题1选项

A.autonomy

B.automation

C.frequency

D.bureaucracy

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词解析。A选项autonomy“自治”；B选项automation“自动化”；C选项frequency“频率；频繁”；D选项bureaucracy“官僚主义”。句意：我们真没料想当地政府竟是如此讲效率，所有事情以最低的……和最快的速度进行。governmentwassoefficient“政府的办事效率高”，可以说明现在政府中一些官僚主义减少了。因此D选项符合题意。

10.单选题

Youshouldn’thavewritteninthe（）sincethebookbelongstothelibrary.

问题1选项

A.interval

B.border

C.margin

D.edge

【答案】C

【解析】句意:你本不应该在空白处写字，因为书是图书馆的。

考查名词辨析。interval间隔；间隙；休息时间；border国界；边界；margin页边空白；白边；边缘；edge边沿；刀刃；锐利。因此C项符合句意。

11.单选题

Computerprogrammersoftenremarkthatcomputingmachines,withaperfectlackofdiscrimination,willdoanyfoolishthingtheyaretoldtodo.Thereasonforthislies,ofcourse,inthenarrowfixationofthecomputingmachine’s“intelligence”onthedetailsofitsownperceptions—itsinabilitytobeguidedbyalargecontext.Inapsychologicaldescriptionofthecomputerintelligence,threerelatedadjectivescometomind:single-minded,literal-minded,andsimple-minded.Recognizingthis,weshouldatthesametimerecognizethatthissingle-mindedness,literal-mindedness,andsimple-mindednessalsocharacterizestheoreticalmathematics,thoughtoalesserextent.

Sincesciencetriestodealwithreality,eventhemostprecisesciencesnormallyworkwithmoreorlessimperfectlyunderstoodapproximationstowardwhichscientistsmustmaintainanappropriateskepticism.Thus,forinstance:itmaycomeasashocktomathematicianstolearnthattheSchrodingerequationforthehydrogenatomisnotaliterallycorrectdescriptionofthisatom,butonlyanapproximationtoasomewhatmorecorrectequationtakingaccountofspin,magneticdipole,andrelativistic,effects;andthatthiscorrectedequationisitselfonlyanimperfectapproximationtoaninfinitesetofquantumfield-theoreticalequations.Physicists,lookingattheoriginalSchrodingerequationlearntosenseinitthepresenceofmanyinvisibletermsinadditiontothedifferentialtermsvisible,andthissenseinspiresanentirelyappropriatedisregardforthepurelytechnicalfeaturesoftheequation.Thisveryhealthyskepticismisforeigntothemathematicalapproach.

Mathematicsmustdealwithwell-definedsituations.Thus,mathematiciansdependonanintellectualeffortoutsideofmathematicsforthecrucialspecificationoftheapproximationthatmathematicsistotakeliterally.Givemathematiciansasituationthatistheleastbitill-defined,andtheywillmakeitwell-defined,perhapsappropriately,butperhapsinappropriately.Insomecases,themathematicians’literal-mindednessmayhaveunfortunateconsequences.Themathematiciansturnthescientists’theoreticalassumptionsthatare,theirconvenientpointsofanalyticalemphasis,intoaxioms,andthentaketheseaxiomsliterally.Thisbringsthedangerthattheymayalsopersuadethescientiststotaketheseaxiomsliterally.Thequestion,centraltothescientificinvestigationbutintenselydisturbinginthemathematicalcontext-whathappensiftheaxiomsarerelaxed?-istherebyignored.

Thephysicistrightlydreadspreciseargument,sinceanargumentthatisconvincingonlyifitispreciselosesallitsforceiftheassumptionsonwhichitisbasedareslightlychanged,whereasanargumentthatisconvincingthoughimprecisemaywellbestableundersmallperturbationsofitsunderlyingassumptions.

1.Theauthordiscussescomputingmachinesinthefirstparagraphprimarilyinorderto,dowhichofthefollowing?

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatscientistsmakewhichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutscientificarguments?

3.Accordingtothetext,mathematicianspresentarisktoscientistforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

4.Theauthorsuggeststhat-theapproachofphysiciststosolvingscientificproblemiswhichofthefollowing?

5.Theauthorimpliesthatscientistsdevelopahealthyskepticismbecausetheyareawarethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Indicatethedangersinherentinrelyingtoagreatextentonmachines.

B.Illustratehisviewsabouttheapproachofmathematicianstoproblemsolving.

C.Comparetheworkofmathematicianswiththatofcomputerprogrammers.

D.Provideonedefinitionofintelligence.

问题2选项

A.Theliteraltruthoftheargumentscanbemadeclearonlyinamathematicalcontext.

B.Theargumentsnecessarilyignorethecentralquestionofscientificinvestigation.

C.Thearmamentsprobablywillbeconvincingonlytootherscientists.

D.Thepremisesonwhichtheargumentsarebasedmaychange.

问题3选项

A.Mathematiciansmayprovidetheoriesthatareincompatiblewiththosealreadydevelopedbyscientists.

B.Mathematiciansmaydefinesituationsinawaythatisincomprehensibletoscientists.

C.Mathematiciansmayconvincescientiststhattheoreticalassumptionsarefacts.

D.Scientistsmaycometobelievethataxiomaticstatementsareuntrue.

问题4选项

A.PracticalforscientificPurposes.

B.Detrimentalto:scientificprogress.

C.UnimportantinmostSituations.

D.Expedient,butoflittlelong-termvalue.

问题5选项

A.mathematiciansarebetterabletosolveproblemsthanarescientists.

B.changesinaxiomaticpropositionswillinevitablyunderminescientificarguments.

C.well-definedsituationsarenecessityforthedesignofreliableexperiments.

D.somefactorsinmostsituationsmustremainunknown.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章第一段作者用计算机“computingmachines”作为例子来帮助我们更好的了解数学理论“theoreticalmathematics”。选项B符合题意。

2.文章最后一段提到基于某些参数的变化而会导致某些前提的改变（sinceanargumentthatisconvincingonlyifitispreciselosesallitsforceiftheassumptionsonwhichitisbasedareslightlychanged）。选项D符合题意。

3.文章倒数第二段的倒数第二、三句Themathematiciansturnthescientists’theoreticalassumptionsthatare,theirconvenientpointsofanalyticalemphasis,intoaxioms,andthentaketheseaxiomsliterally.Thisbringsthedangerthattheymayalsopersuadethescientiststotaketheseaxiomsliterally提到数学家将这些理论假设变成公理，并且还试图说服科学家相信这些假设都真的。选项C符合题意。

4.文章第二段倒数第一句Thisveryhealthyskepticismisforeigntothemathematicalapproach提到这个健康的怀疑论对于数学方法来说还是陌生的。但是从healthy这个词可以知道在这里是肯定的观点，四个选项中，只有选项A是带有肯定意味的，因此选项A符合题意。

5.healthyskepticism指的是文章第二段倒数第二句的内容：Physicists,lookingattheoriginalSchrodingerequationlearntosenseinitthepresenceofmanyinvisibletermsinadditiontothedifferentialtermsvisible,andthissenseinspiresanentirelyappropriatedisregardforthepurelytechnicalfeaturesoftheequation，有此句可知选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

Inthe1700sNorthAmericancolonistsproclaimedtheirwealthandsocial（）bywearingelaboratestockings.

问题1选项

A.responsibility

B.events

C.organization

D.status

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项responsibility“责任；职责”，B选项events“事件；大事”，C选项organization“组织；机构”，D选项status“地位；状态”；根据句意我们知道穿长筒袜是殖民者炫耀自己地位的一种手段，因此答案为D。句意为：在18世纪，北美殖民者通过穿着精心制作的长筒袜来展示他们的财富和社会地位。

13.不定项选择题

AscientificpanelconvenedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedguidelinesonFridayfordoctorconductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatients.Thepanelurgeddoctorstoapplytheguidelinesinanalyzingthemassesofpotentiallyusefulinformationaboutvarioustherapiesthatwerecollectedinthisyear’sepidemic.Muchofthatinformationhasnotbeenpublishedoranalyzed.

“Itisamatterofurgencytogetbetteranalysisandreview,”saidDr.SimonMardel,aWHOofficialwholedthetwo-daymeetingthatendedonFriday.HesaidthousandsofpotentialtherapiesandcompoundshadbeentestedsofarasresearcherstrytodeterminetreatmentsforSARS,orsevereacuterespiratorysyndrome.“WerecognizethathavingnotreatmentforSARSishinderingourabilitytocontrolanepidemicinsomanyways,”Hesaid.

Intheepidemicearlierthisyear,varioustreatments,likedrugstofightthevirusorstrengthentheimmunesystem,aswellastraditionalChinesemedicine,weredeliveredunderemergencyconditions,inwidelydifferentsettingandcountriestopatientssufferingfromvaryingstagesoftheillness.Thoseconditions—generallywithoutstandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations—havemadeithardtointerpretresults.

Standardsupportivetherapylikenursing,andinseverecasestheuseofmechanicalrespirators（呼吸器）tohelppatientsbreathe,isthemainstay（主要支持）ofSARScare,andhelpedmanypatientssurvive.ButdoctorsstilldonotknowhowbesttotreatSARSpatientswhohavebreathingdifficulties.Dr.Mardelsaid.Onemethodisinvasiveventilation.Asecondmethodinvolvesblowingoxygenintothelungsthroughamask.Bothcarrytheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees.Withoutproperanalysis,thepanelwasunabletosaydefinitivelywhichtreatmentworkedbest,orwhichcausedthemostharm.“Thereisalackofsharedinformation,”Dr.Mardelsaid,nothingthatalotofdatahavenotbeenpublished.

Thepanelalsoagreedonguidelinesthatwouldallowdoctorstoconductquickandsafeclinicaltrials,aprocessthatgenerallytakesyearstocomplete.TheworldHealthOrganization,aUnitedNationsagencydidnotreleasetheguidelines.Dr.Mardelsaidtheywereflexiblebecausenooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn.Expertsinmanycountrieshavealreadylistedthetreatmentstheywanttotest,andthehealthagencyisleavingthesedecisionstoindividualnations.

1.Guidelinesrecommendedbythescientificpanelcanbeusedfor（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,itisdifficulttointerprettheresultsofcertaintreatmentsforSARSbecause（

）.

3.Accordingtodoctors,thetwomethodstotreatSARSpatientswhohavebreathingdifficultiesboth（

）.

4.AccordingtoaWHOofficial,Dr.Mardel,theguidelineswereflexiblebecause（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.gatheringpotentiallyusefulinformationaboutvarioustherapiescollected

B.conductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatients

C.determiningtreatmentforSARS

D.publishingalltheinformationaboutSARS

问题2选项

A.patientswereindifferentcountries

B.patientsweregivenmedicinesinwidelydifferentsettings

C.patientswereatdifferentstagesoftheillness

D.theseconditionshadnostandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations

问题3选项

A.carrytheriskofinfectinghospitalemployees

B.areeffectiveincuringpatientswhohavebreathingdifficulties

C.don’truntheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees

D.provetoworkeffectivelyandcausenoharm.

问题4选项

A.SARSwouldreemergeinpoorcountries

B.nooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn

C.SARSwouldnotappearindevelopedcountries

D.nooneknewwhetherSARSwouldreturnornot

问题5选项

A.SARS,aDreadfulDisease

B.NoGoodMethodstoTreatSARS

C.SARSWillReturnOneDay

D.HealthpanelRecommendsNewGuidelinesonSARS

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。题干：科学小组推荐的指南可以用于……。A选项“收集关于各种治疗方法的潜在有用信息”；B选项“对SARS患者进行临床研究”；C选项“确定SARS的治疗方法”；D选项“发布有关SARS的所有信息”。由题干关键词定位到文章第一段第一句AscientificpanelconvenedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedguidelinesonFridayfordoctorconductingclinicalstudiesofSARSpatients.（上周五，世界卫生组织（WHO）召集的一个科学小组向医生推荐了对SARS患者进行临床研究的指导方针。）由此可知选项B符合题意。

第2题:事实细节题。根据文章，解释SARS的某些治疗结果是很难的，因为……。A选项“病人在不同的国家”；B选项“患者在不同的环境下服用药物”；C选项“患者处于不同的疾病阶段”；D选项“这些条件没有标准化的测量或控制情况”。根据题干定位到第三段第二句话Intheepidemicearlierthisyear,varioustreatments,…,weredeliveredunderemergencyconditions,inwidelydifferentsettingandcountriestopatientssufferingfromvaryingstagesoftheillness.Thoseconditions—generallywithoutstandardizedmeasurementsorcontrolledsituations—havemadeithardtointerpretresults.（在今年早些时候的疫情中，在不同的环境和国家，在紧急情况下，为不同阶段的患者提供……各种治疗。这些情况——通常没有标准化的测量或控制的情况——使得解释结果变得困难），由此答案选D，其他选项是来描述在什么情况下患者接受了什么样的治疗，不是结果难以解释的原因。

第3题:事实细节题。题干：根据医生所说，两种导致病人有呼吸困难的治疗SARS的方法都……。A选项“有感染医院员工的风险”；B选项“对有呼吸困难的病人有效”；C选项“不要冒将病毒传染给医院员工的风险”；D选项“证明有效，没有造成伤害”。根据题干定位到第四段倒数第三句Bothcarrytheriskoftransmittingthevirustohospitalemployees（两者都有将病毒传播给医院员工的风险），因此答案选A。

第4题:【试题解析】事实细节题。题干：根据世卫组织官员马戴尔博士所说，这份指导方针很灵活因为……。A选项“SARS将在贫穷国家重新出现”；B选项“没有人知道非典会在什么地方、什么时候、在什么情况下卷土重来”；C选项“非典不会出现在发达国家”；D选项“没有人知道非典是否会卷土重来”。根据关键词定位到最后一段第三句话Dr.Mardelsaidtheywereflexiblebecausenooneknewwhere,whenandinwhatsettingSARSwouldreturn.（马戴尔博士说，他们是灵活的，因为没人知道非典会在什么时候、在什么地方卷土重来。），所以答案选B。

第5题:主旨大意题。A选项“SARS，一个可怕的病毒”；B选项“治疗SARS没有好的方法”；C选项“SARS总有一天会卷土重来”；D选项“健康小组推荐新的SARS指南”根据第一段第一句话和最后一段第一句话AscientificpanelconvenedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationrecommendedguidelineson…（由世界卫生组织召集的一个科学小组建议的指导方针……）和Thepanelalsoagreedonguidelinesthat…（该小组还赞同指导方针……）可知全文围绕的主题是指导方针，而不是如何治疗SARS，所以答案选D。

14.单选题

TheAmericanbabyboomafterthewarmadeunconvincingU.S.advicetopoorcountriesthattheyrestraintheirbirths.However,therehashardlybeenayearsince1957inwhichbirthrateshavenotfallenintheUnitedStatesandotherrichcountries,andin1976thefallwasespeciallysharp.BothEastGermanyandWestGermanyhavefewerbirthsthantheyhavedeaths,andtheUnitedStatesisonlytemporarilyabletoavoidthisconditionbecausethechildrenofthebabyboomarenowanexceptionallylargegroupofmarriedcouples.

ItistruethatAmericansdonottypicallyplantheirbirthstos