考研考博-英语-哈尔滨华德学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-哈尔滨华德学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Hisworkshedprovocativeyetnecessarylightonanimportantwaytoslowthespreadofthisvirus.

问题1选项

A.provisional

B.seductive

C.disturbing

D.insulting

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:他的工作就是着手放缓这种病毒的传播。

provisional:临时的,暂定的。seductive:诱人的，有魅力的。disturbing：干扰的，令人不安的,骚扰的(与画线词provocative:挑衅的，煽动的，意思相近)。insulting:侮辱的，无礼的。

2.单选题

Thehopes,goals,fearsanddesires（

）widelybetweenmenandwomen,betweentherichandthepoor.

问题1选项

A.alter

B.vary

C.transfer

D.shift

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。alter改变，更改；vary改变，变化；transfer转移，转变；shift转移，变换。

句意：希望、目标、恐惧和欲望在男人和女人之间、富人和穷人之间大不相同。这几个词都有改变的意思，但是只有vary能和后面的between搭配，意为“在...之间变化、有差异”，所以选项B正确。

3.单选题

Theteamleaderofmountainclimbersmarkedout（）.

问题1选项

A.thatseemedtobethebestroute

B.whatseemedtobethebestroute

C.whichseemedtobetilebestroute

D.somethingthattobethebestroute

【答案】B

【解析】本句缺少的成分是宾语从句，只有选项B能作为宾语从句。that一般引导同位语从句；选项C缺少先行词；选项D用法不正确，所以本题选B。

4.单选题

Questions17-20arebasedonthefollowingtalkaboutpublicspeaking.Younowhave20secondstoreadQuestions17-20.

17.Whatisthemostimportantthinginpublicspeaking?

18.Whatdosethespeakeradviseustodotocapturetheaudience’sattention?

19.Ifyoudon’tstartworkingforthepresentationuntilthedaybefore,youwillfeel（）.

20.Whoisthisspeechmostprobablymeantfor?

问题1选项

A.Confidence.

B.Preparation.

C.Informativeness.

D.Organization.

问题2选项

A.Gatherabundantdata.

B.Organizetheideaslogically.

C.Developagreatopening.

D.Selectappropriatematerial.

问题3选项

A.uneasy

B.uncertain

C.frustrated

D.depressed

问题4选项

A.Thoseinterestedinthepowerofpersuasion.

B.Thosetryingtoimprovetheirpublicimage.

C.Thoseplanningtotakeupsomepublicwork.

D.Thoseeagertobecomeeffectivespeakers.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】第1题:

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

5.写作题

Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionofnolessthan200wordsaccordingtothefollowingtopic.PleasewriteyourcompositionclearlyontheAnswerSheetprovided.(20points)

Manypeople,especiallyyoungpeople,makefriendsthroughQQchattingorotherformsofinstantmessagingsystems.SomepeoplesaythatsuchrelationshipsasQQnetworkingfriendsarenottrustworthybecausetragedieshappenoccasionally;otherssaythatrelationshipsofsuchkindarenodifferencefromthetraditionalones,becausetheyencounterbothgoodfriendandbadguysthroughQQchattingastheydointheirtraditionallifestyles;stillothersbelievethatwhethertheyaretrustworthyornotdependsonyourinitialpurposeandhowyoupursuesucharelationship.

What'syouropinionaboutit?Pleasechooseoneoptionandwriteanessayofatleast200words.Pleaseuseadequatematerialstosupportyourposition.

【答案】ShouldPeopleMakeFriendsonLine?6.填空题

“Dida”is（1）peopleusuallycallthisuniversity.（

2）itisacomprehensiveuniversity,theearthsciencesarestillitsmainresearchfocus.Thereis（3）universityassociatedwithit,inWuhan.

【答案】1.what

2.Although

3.another

【解析】1.语法题。what在此处引导表语从句,在从句中充当宾语。

2.逻辑分析。由后句的still(仍然)推测前后句为让步关系。

3.语义题。句意:武汉还有一所与之相关的大学。

7.单选题

Lying（）farbackinthemountains,thecoalhadtobehauledfromadeepvalley.

问题1选项

A.asitis

B.asitdid

C.wasis

D.didit

【答案】B

【解析】考查强调句用法。“过去分词+asitis(was)”“现在分词+asitdoes(did)”是一种强调语气的表示原因的结构。由于lying为lie的现在分词，故用“现在分词+asitdoes(did)”这个句型，此句相当于：Asitlayfarbackinthemountains...句意：由于煤矿位于深山深处，所以必须从深谷里运来。因此B选项正确。

8.单选题

MoscowseemstobemovingpastitsoldfearofanexpandedNATO.ThoughRussiadoesnotwanttojoinNATO——PutinandotherpoliticianshavemadeitclearthattheyconsiderRussiacapableofensuringitsownsecurityitisplacinganew（）onfosteringtiewithitsNATOneighbors.

问题1选项

A.premium

B.prelude

C.preponderance

D.preamble

【答案】A

【解析】形近异义词辨析。premium“额外费用”；prelude“前奏，序幕”；preponderance“优势，多数”；preamble“序文，先兆”。又根据固定搭配placeanewpremiumon“鼓励，重视”，句意：普京和其他政客已经明确表示，他们认为俄罗斯有能力确保自己的安全俄罗斯注重加强与北约邻国的关系。选项A符合题意。

9.单选题

Einstein’stheoryofrelativityseemed______whenitwasfirstintroduced.

问题1选项

A.impressive

B.unaccountable

C.inconsistent

D.incredible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项impressive“感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的”；B选项unaccountable“无责任的；莫名其妙的；不可理解的”；C选项inconsistent“不一致的；前后矛盾的”；D选项incredible“不能相信的，难以置信的；极好的，极大的”。句意：爱因斯坦的相对论刚被提出时似乎令人难以置信。因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

Therewere150_____attheinternationalconferencethissummer.

问题1选项

A.spectators

B.viewers

C.participants

D.onlookers

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析。spectator观众，旁观者；viewer观察者，观看者；participant参与者；onlooker旁观者，观众。句意：今年夏季的国际会议有150名与会者。选项C符合原文。

11.单选题

Oldpeoplearealwayssayingthattheyoungarenotwhattheywere.Thesamecommentismadefromgenerationtogenerationanditisalwaystrue.Ithasneverbeentruerthanitistoday.Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents.Theythinkmoreforthemselvesanddonotblindlyaccepttheidealsoftheirelders.Eventswhichtheoldergenerationremembersvividlyarenothingmorethanpasthistory.Thisisasitshouldbe.Everynewgenerationisdifferentfromtheonethatprecededit.Todaythedifferenceisverymarkedindeed.

Theoldalwaysassumethattheyknowbestforthesimplereasonthattheyhavebeenaroundabitlonger.Theydon’tliketofeelthattheirvaluesarebeingquestionedorthreatened.Andthisispreciselywhattheyoungaredoing.Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency.Officehours,forinstance,arenothingmorethanenforcedslavery.Wouldn’tpeopleworkbestiftheyweregivencompletefreedomandresponsibility?Andwhataboutclothing?Whosaidthatallthemenintheworldshouldweardrabgreysuitsandconvicthaircuts?Ifweruinourmindstomoreseriousmatters,whosaidthathumandifferencescanbestbesolvedthroughconventionalpoliticsorbyviolentmeans?Whyhavetheoldergenerationsooftenusedviolencetosolvetheirproblems?Whyaretheysounhappyandguilt-riddenintheirpersonallives,soobsessedwithmeanambitionsandthedesiretoamassmoreandmorematerialpossessions?Cananythingberightwiththerat-race?Haven’ttheoldlosttouchwithailthatisimportantinlife?

Thesearenotquestionstheoldergenerationcanshrugofflightly.Theirrecordoverthepastfortyyearsorsohasn’tbeenexactlyspotless.Traditionally,theyounghaveturnedtotheireldersforguidance.Today,thesituationmightbereversed.Theold——iftheyarepreparedtoadmititcouldlearnathingortwofromtheirchildren.Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”.Enjoymentisaprincipleonecouldapplytoallaspectsoflife.Itissurelynotwrongtoenjoyyourworkandenjoyyourleisure;toshedrestrictinginhibitions.Itissurelynotwrongtoliveinthepresentratherthaninthepastorfuture.Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation.Thisistheirgloriousheritage.Canwebesurprisedthattheyshouldsooftenquestionthesanityofthegenerationthatbequeathedit?

1.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesintheyoungisNOTmentioned?

2.Whatdotheyoungrejectmost?

3.Whydotheyoungstressonthepresent?

4.Whatcantheoldlearnfromtheyounggeneration?

问题1选项

A.Bettereducated.

B.Moremoneyandfreedom.

C.Independence.

D.Hardwork.

问题2选项

A.Values

B.Theassumptionoftheciders.

C.Conformity

D.Conventionalideas.

问题3选项

A.Theyhavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb.

B.Theydislikethepast.

C.Theythinkthepresentworldisthebest.

D.Theyareafraidofdestruction.

问题4选项

A.Enjoymentisnotsinful.

B.Peopleshouldhavemoreleisuretime.

C.Menmightenjoylife.

D.Oneshouldenjoyone’swork

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪项不是文章提到的关于年轻人的特征”。文章第一段提到“年轻人受了良好的教育。他们花钱享受自由。他们很快成长并且不依赖父母。”（Theyoungarebettereducated.Theyhavealotmoremoneytospendandenjoymorefreedom.Theygrowupmorequicklyandarenotsodependentontheirparents），由此可以得知只有选项D“努力工作”没有提及到，符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“年轻人最反感的是什么”。文章第二段提到“他们怀疑上一代人的设想，并且打破了他们的满足状态”（Theyarequestioningtheassumptionsoftheireldersanddisturbingtheircomplacency），第二段后面的那几个问句都体现出了年轻一代不再固守成规，不愿意像上一代人一样，选项C“一致性”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。题目问的是“为什么年轻人强调现在”。文章最后一段提到“对现在的重视是意料之中的，因为年轻人是在炸弹的阴影下长大，且经受着被彻底毁灭的威胁”（Thisemphasisonthepresentisonlytobeexpectedbecausetheyounghavegrownupundertheshadowofthebomb;theconstantthreatofcompleteannihilation），选项A符合题意。

4.细节事实题。题目问的是“老一辈能从年轻一辈那里学到什么”。文章最后一段提到如果老一辈愿意学习年轻一辈的话，最重要的一课便是享受并不是罪过（Oneofthebiggestlessonstheycouldlearnisthatenjoymentisnot“sinful”），选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Thediplomaticcrisishasbeen（）bythebreakdownofthetalksbetweentheleadersofthetwonations.

问题1选项

A.withhold

B.nurtured

C.cultivated

D.approached

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项withhold“保留，克制”；B选项nurtured“培育，养育”；C选项cultivated“发展，耕作，教化”；D选项approached“接近，靠近”。句意：外交危机靠近是由于两国领导人之间的谈判破裂而引起的。两国领导人之间谈判失败是导致外交危机的原因，那么外交危机就更接近了，选择D选项approached“接近，靠近”意思正确。因此D选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Theselfishpeoplearemainly（）withwhattheycanpersonallygetoutoftheorganization.

问题1选项

A.impervious

B.concerned

C.scandalous

D.suspicious

【答案】B

【解析】句意:自私的人主要关心自己个人能从组织中得到什么东西。

考查形容词辨析。impervious不受影响的，无动于衷的，不能渗透的；concerned有关的，关心的；scandalous可耻的；suspicious可疑的，怀疑的，多疑的。Beconcernedwith关心…。故选B。

14.单选题

Peoplearegettingabetterideaoftheneedtoprotect（

）propertyrights.

问题1选项

A.knowledge

B.intelligence

C.intellectual

D.learning

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。intellectualproperty意为“知识产权”。

句意：人们越来越了解到保护知识产权的必要性。

15.单选题

Itisnosecretamongathletesthatinordertoimproveperformanceyou’vegottoworkhard.However,hardtrainingbreaksyoudownandmakesyouweaker.Itisrestthatmakesyoustronger.Improvementonlyoccursduringtherestperiodfollowinghardtraining.Thisadaptationisaccomplishedbyimprovingefficiencyoftheheartandcertainsystemswithinthemusclecells.Duringrecoveryperiodsthesesystemsbuildtogreaterlevelstocompensateforthestressthatyouhaveapplied.Theresultisthatyouarenowatahigherlevelofperformance.

Ifsufficientrestisnotincludedinatrainingprogram,imbalancebetweenexcesstrainingandinadequaterestwilloccur,andperformancewilldecline.The“overtrainingsyndrome（综合症）’’isthenamegiventothecollectionofemotional,behavioral,andphysicalsymptomsduetoovertrainingthathaspersistedforweekstomonths.Itismarkedbycumulativeexhaustionthatpersistsevenafterrecoveryperiods.

Themostcommonsymptomisfatigue.Thismaylimitworkoutsandmaybepresentatrest.Theathletemayalsobecomemoody,easilyimitated,havealteredsleeppatterns,becomedepressed,orlosethecompetitivedesireandenthusiasmforthesport.Somewillreportdecreasedappetiteandweightloss.Physicalsymptomsincludepersistentmuscularsoreness,increasedfrequencyofviral（病毒性的）illnesses,andincreasedincidenceofinjuries.

Thetreatmentfortheovertrainingsyndromeisrest.Thelongertheovertraininghasoccurred,themorerestrequired.Therefore,earlydetectionisveryimportant,Iftheovertraininghasonlyoccurredforashortperiodoftime（e.g.3-4weeks）theninterruptingtrainingfor3-5daysisusuallysufficientrest.Itisimportantthatthefactorsthatleadtoovertrainingbeidentifiedandcorrected.Otherwise,theovertrainingsyndromeislikelytorecur.Theovertrainingsyndromeshouldbeconsideredinanyathletewhomanifestssymptomsofprolongedfatigueandwhoseperformancehasleveledoffordecreased.Itisimportanttoexcludeanyunderlyingillnessthatmayberesponsibleforthefatigue.

1.Thefirstparagraphofthepassagetellsusthat（

）.

2.By“overtraining”theauthormeans

（

）.

3.Whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutthe“overtraining”syndrome?

4.Whatdoesthephrase“leveloff’(Line7,Para,4)mostprobablymean?

5.Theauthoradvisesattheendofthepassagethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.theharderanathletetrains,thebetterhisperformancewillbe

B.restaftervigoroustrainingimprovesandathlete’sperformance

C.strictsystematictrainingisessentialtoanathlete'stopperformance

D.improvementofanathlete'sperformanceoccursinthecourseoftraining

问题2选项

A.aseriesofphysicalsymptomsthatoccuraftertraining

B.undueemphasisontheimportanceofphysicalexertion

C.trainingthatisnotadequatelycompensatedforbyrest

D.trainingthathasexceededanathlete’semotionallimits

问题3选项

A.Itoccurswhenathletesloseinterestinsports.

B.Itappearsrightafterahardtrainingsession.

C.Thefatigueitresultsinisunavoidableintheathlete’strainingprocess.

D.Itmanifestsitselfinfatiguewhichlingersevenafterarecoveryperiod.

问题4选项

A.Slowdown.

B.Becomedull.

C.Stopimproving.

D.Beonthedecline.

问题5选项

A.overtrainingsyndromeshouldbetreatedasaseriousillness

B.overtrainingsyndromeshouldbepreventedbeforeitoccurs

C.anathletewithovertrainingsyndromeshouldtakealengthyrest

D.illnesscausingfatigueshouldnotbemistakenforovertrainingsyndrome

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨大意题。这类题需要找段落中心句。第一段中心句出现在转折词however之后“However,hardtrainingbreaksyoudownandmakesyouweaker.Itisrestthatmakesyoustronger.Improvementonlyoccursduringtherestperiodfollowinghardtraining.然而，艰苦的训练会让你崩溃，让你更虚弱。是休息使你更强壮。只有在艰苦训练之后的休息期间才会有进步。”浏览四个选项可知B选项中出现了关键词rest“剧烈训练后的休息能提高运动员的成绩”，因此B选项符合文意。

2.语义推断题。由关键词定位到文章第二段“Ifsufficientrestisnotincludedinatrainingprogram,imbalancebetweenexcesstrainingandinadequaterestwilloccur,andperformancewilldecline.如果在训练计划中没有充分的休息，就会出现过度训练和休息不足之间的不平衡，从而导致成绩下降。”紧跟着下一句就提到“the‘overtrainingsyndrome’”，可知过度训练和休息不足就会产生“过度训练综合征”，这个症状就是休息不足所造成的，因此C选项“休息不能充分补偿的训练”符合题意。

3.判断推理题。文章对于“theovertrainingsyndrome”的描述出现在第二段与第三段中。由上题可知，它发生在过度训练和休息不足之状态失衡时，因此A选项“它发生在运动员对运动失去兴趣的时候”和B选项“它出现在一次艰苦的训练之后。”排除；C选项“运动员在训练过程中产生的疲劳是不可避免的”在文章中并未正面提及。

4.语义推断题。本句句意：过度训练综合症可能出现在任何表现出长期疲劳症状的运动员身上，也可能是在表现已经……或下降的运动员身上。因为过度训练，可能造成运动员状态不佳，很难出现冒尖的运动表现，只可能下降decrease或表现平平，由此推测leveloff就表示“趋平”。C选项“停止进步”符合文意。

5.观点态度题。A选项“过度训练综合症应该被视为一种严重的疾病”未在最后一段中体现，提到其治疗方法就是“rest”，可知也不应视为严重的疾病；B选项“过度训练综合症应该在发生之前预防”不符合段意，本段未提及预防的问题；C选项“患有过度训练综合症的运动员应该进行长时间的休息”不符合文意，文章讲到的是需要“sufficientrest足够的休息”而不是“长时间休息”。D选项“引起疲劳的疾病不应被误认为是过度训练综合症”，符合最后一句中“要排除可能造成疲劳的疾病存在的可能”，不要把所有的疲劳都归于“过度训练综合征”。

16.单选题

Itmightbesupposedthatgreaterefficiencycouldbeachievedifseveralpeopleworkedtogethertosolveaproblemthanifonlyoneindividualworksonit.

Althoughgroupsoftenmayincreasethemotivationoftheirmemberstodealwithproblems,thereareconflictsarisingamongmembersofagroup.Problemsolvingneedsthepresenceofaneffectiveleaderwhonotonlyprovidesdirection,butalsopermitstheorderly,constructiveexpressionofdifferentopinions;muchoftheleader’seffortmaybedevotedtoresolvingdifferences.Successinproblemsolvingalsodependsonthedistributionofabilitywithinagroup.

Althoughgroupsmayreachagreaternumberofcorrectsolutions,ormayrequirelesstimetodiscover

ananswer,theirefficiencyistypicallylowerthanthatachievedbyskilledindividualsworkingalone.

Inbrainstorming,aproblemispresentedtoagroupofpeoplewhothenproceedtoofferwhatevertheycanthinkof.Theoreticallytheseunrestrictedsuggestionsincreasetheprobabilitythatatleastsomebettersolutionswillappear.Nevertheless,studiesshowthatwhenindividualsworkaloneundersimilarconditions,performancetendstoproceedmoreefficientlythanitdoesingroups.

Underspecialcircumstances,however,agroupmaysolveproblemsmoreeffectivelythanacompetentindividualdoes.Groupmembersmaycontributedifferentresourcestoasolutionthatnoindividualcanachievealone.Sometimessocialdemandsmayrequiregroupagreementonasingleissue,asinmakingnationaleconomicormilitarypoliciesunderthegovernments.Whenonlyoneamongseveralsolutionsiscorrect,evenifagrouprequiresmoretime,ithasahigherprobabilityofidentifyingtherightonethandoesanindividualalone.

1.Inagroup,problemsolvingneeds（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,itiseasierforgroupstoreach（）.

3.Theauthorthinksthatunrestrictedsuggestionscanbringabout（）.

4.Itcanbeseenfromthepassagethatagroupwillbemoreefficientin（）.

5.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?

问题1选项

A.thepresenceofaneffectiveleader

B.thebestwaytocollectresources

C.everyonetoworkharder

D.morefunds

问题2选项

A.mistakestheywanttomake

B.theplacewhichtheywanttogo

C.theplacewheretheywanttorest

D.agreaternumberofcorrectsolutions

问题3选项

A.sometrouble

B.somebettersolutions

C.somemoretime

D.somemoreeffort

问题4选项

A.discussingdirections

B.correctingmistakes

C.dealingwithnationalproblems

D.findingaproblem

问题5选项

A.Agroupofpeoplemaysolveproblemsmoreeffectivelythananindividual.

B.Theefficiencyofagroupisworstintheworld.

C.Agroupwillnotbeefficientindealingwithnationalpolicies.

D.Effectiveleadersoftensolvetheproblemsthemselves.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第二段的第二句“Problemsolvingneedsthepresenceofaneffectiveleader...ofdifferentopinions.”解决问题需要一个有效的领导者，他不仅提供解决问题的方向，而且允许有序地、建设性地表达不同意见。选项A符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第三段可知，团队可能会更容易找到很多解决问题的正确方案。选项D符合原文。

3.细节事实题。根据第五段第二句“Groupmembersmaycontributedifferentresourcestoasolutionthatnoindividualcanachievealone.”。选项B符合原文。

4.细节事实题。根据最后一段第三句“Sometimessocialdemandsmayrequiregroupagreementonasingleissue,asinmakingnationaleconomicormilitarypoliciesunderthegovernments.”有时，社会需求可能需要就一个问题达成集体协议，例如在政府领导下制定国家经济或军事政策。由此推断，在处理国家问题时，团队将会更有效率，选项C符合原文。

5.细节判断题。结合全文内容可知，本文主要强调的是团队合作而不是个人能力，所以只有选项A正确，其他选项均不正确。

17.单选题

Althoughtherehasbeenagreatdealofconstructionattheuniversityinthelastfewyears,butthecampusstillfeelsfairlyopenanduncluttered.

问题1选项

A.therehasbeen

B.attheuniversityinthelast

C.butthe

D.feelsfairlyopenanduncluttered

E.没有问题

【答案】C

【解析】连词多余。去掉but。句子中已经有了从属连词although，故并列连词but多余。

18.单选题

—Youforgotyourkeyswhenyoulefthomeinthemorning.

—Goodheavens,（）.

问题1选项

A.sodidI.

B.soIdid.

C.soyoudid.

D.sodidyou.

【答案】B

【解析】句意:早上，你离开家的吋候，忘记拿钥匙了。天啦，是的！

语法题。考查省略。第一句的you和第二句的I是同一个人。根据句意关系，后句是表示同意上文陈述的内容，而第一句主句的动词是forgot（过去时），因此“soldid”表示“确实”，符合句意和结构，助动词需与前文保持时态一致。因此B项正确。

19.单选题

Assoonasshecoulddosowithoutanappearanceofbeingrude,shepretendedto（）rose,andlefthimtherealone.

问题1选项

A.faint

B.urge

C.yawn

D.sink

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。faint“昏倒，变得昏迷”；urge“催促，推进”；yawn“打哈欠”；sink“下沉”。句意：只要她可以这么做而又不显得无礼时，她假装打了个哈欠，然后起身，留下他独自呆在那里。只有C项符合句意。

20.翻译题

Ourcountryassumesapracticalandactivepostureinthepursuitofworldpeace.TheUnitedNationshashadnomoreconsistentsupporterthanthiscountryforitscharterandtheworkofitsspecializedagencies.WetakepartinmanyUNactivitiesandhaveservedonmanyofitsbodies,includingtheSecurityCouncil.(1)Amongthespecializedagenciesandsubsidiarybodieswhatwesupportarethoseassistingindevelopment,foodsecurity,children,drugcontrolandhumanrights.Wehaveprovidedfinancialsupport,personnelandequipmentforalmostallmajorUNpeacekeepingactivities,contributedourassessedshareofthecostsofallUNoperationsandmadeadditionalcontributions.OurcountryisfullyinvolvedinUNdisarmament,armscontrolandouterspacework.WeacceptthejurisdictionoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeandareactiveindevelopmentoftheinternationallaw.

OureconomicandpoliticalfutureislinkedcloselywiththoseofitsAsianandotherPacificneighbors.Ourtrade,investmentandtechnologytransfer,intheformofjointventureswithsuchcountries,continuetogrow.(2)Throughregular,reciprocal,high-levelexchangesofvisitsourclosecontactwiththeirgovernmentscontinues,particularlywiththegovernmentofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.WetaketheviewthatpeaceandprosperityintheAsia-Pacificregiondependsontheabilityoftheregion’scountriestocooperateandmaintaineconomicgrowthandpoliticalstability.Wearekeentoensurethestabilityandsecurityofthisregionandtodevelopmutuallyprofitabletrade,investment,technologicalexchangesandcooperation.

PassageTwo

(1)Ourillusionsofsafetyandinvulnerabilityweregone,ourdisengagementfromworldaffairsexposedandtallied.Inonesense,wecannotbefaultedforseeinginthecollapseoftheTwinTowers,orinthedemiseofEnron,orinthebloodyconflictsthathavenoendinsight,signsthatthingsarefallingapartallovertheworld.Wecannotdenyallthatiswrongwiththeworld.Buteithercanweconcludethatalliswrongwiththeworld.(2)Everydayweseerolemodelsofexcellence,goodnessandcouragewhobringjoy,beauty,justice,andcomforttotheirfellowhumanbeings.Andiftheworldismovinginthewrongdirection,thenyouhavetheobligationtohelpturnthingsaround.WeadmittedyoutoUniversityPennsylvaniabecausewebelieveeachofyouhasthepotentialtohelphumanitybackoncourse.Yes,welooktoyoutoaddtothebodyofknowledgeinyourfieldsofstudyduringyourtimeoncampus;yes,weexpectyoutoacquiretheskills,knowledge,andtheprowesstoexcelandmakeimportantcontributionsinyourcareersandprofessions;andyes,Ihavenodoubtthateachofyouwillgofaronwhateverprofessionaltrackyouchoosetofollow.(3)Butwedidn’tbringyoutoUniversityPennsylvaniaonlytobecomeaccomplishedartists,brilliantwriters,preeminentscholars,savvypoliticiansorexpertengineers,webroughtyouherebecausewearecountingonyoutopursueBenjaminFranklin’sfoundingmandatetofocusontheoryandpractice,togainknowledgeforitsownsake,andtouseyourknowledgetothriveprofessionallywhileservinghumanity.

Directions:Eachofthefollowingtwopassageshassomeunderlinedparts.TranslatetheunderlinedpartsintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheet.

【答案】PassageOne

1.【参考译文】在各专门机构和附属机构中，我们支持的是那些协助发展、粮食安全、儿童、药物管制和人权的机构。我们为几乎所有主要的联合国维和行动提供了财政支持、人员和设备，缴纳了联合国所有行动的分摊费用，并提供了额外捐款。我国全面参与联合国裁军、军控和外层空间的工作。我们接受国际法院的管辖权，并积极参与国际法的发展。

3.【参考译文】通过定期的高层互访，我们继续与这些国家的政府，特别是与中华人民共和国的政府保持密切联系。我们认为，亚太地区的和平与繁荣取决于地区国家是否有能力开展合作，保持经济增长和政治稳定。我们渴望确保本地区的稳定与安全，发展互利的贸易、投资、技术交流与合作。

PassageTwo

1.【参考译文】我们对安全和坚不可摧的幻想消失了，我们与世界事务的脱离暴露了出来，并得到了证实。从某种意义上说，我们不能因为看到了世贸双塔的倒塌，安然公司的倒闭，或者看不到尽头的血腥冲突，就认为世界各地都在分崩离析。我们不能否认世界上所有的错误。但我们也不可以得出“这个世界的一切都是错的”这样的结论。

2.【参考译文】每一天，我们都能看到优秀、善良和勇敢的榜样，他们为人类同胞带来欢乐、美丽、正义和安慰。如果世界正朝着错误的方向发展，那么你有义务帮助扭转局面。我们录取你们进入宾夕法尼亚大学是因为我们相信你们每个人都有潜力帮助人类回到正轨。

3.【参考译文】但是，我们把你们带到宾夕法尼亚大学，并不是为了让你们成为有成就的艺术家、才华横溢的作家、卓越的学者、精明的政治家或专业的工程师。我们把你们带到这里，是因为我们指望你们履行本杰明·富兰克林的校训：专注于理论和实践，为了知识本身而获取知识，并利用你们的知识在专业上成功的同时也为人类服务。

21.单选题

Whenwritingaboutcontroversialtopics,someauthorstrytobe（

）.

问题1选项

A.impressive

B.reflective

C.objective

D.persuasive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。impressive意为“给人印象深刻的，感人的”；reflective意为“反射的，反映的”；objective意为“客观的，实体的”；persuasive意为“有说服力的”。

句意：在写有争议的话题时，有些作者力求客观。

22.单选题

（）widespreadbeliefcockroacheswouldnottakeovertheworldiftherewerenoaroundtosteponthem.

问题1选项

A.Inviewof

B.Thanksto

C.Incaseof

D.Contraryto

【答案】D

【解析】句意:和广为流传的说法相反的是，蟑螂如果没有人在周围踩它们的话，根本不能占领世界。

考查短语辨析。Inviewof考虑到，由于；thanksto多亏；incaseof如果，万一；contraryto与……相反。因此D符合句意。

23.单选题

Heinsistedthathe____untiltheworkisfinished.

问题1选项

A.didn’trest

B.notrest

C.wouldn’trest

D.don’trest

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.didn’trest不休息B.notrest不休息

C.wouldn’trest不休息D.don’trest不休息

【答案】B

【考查点】虚拟语气。

【解题思路】这里考查insist的虚拟语气。当insist表示“坚持要求/坚持主张”，即that从句的动作当时尚未发生的话，则宾语从句必须使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词由“should+动词原形”构成,且should可以省略。对比选项，在这里句意为：他坚持工作完不成就不休息。因此用insist的虚拟语气。所以是insist+shouldnot+动词原形rest，should可以省略。因此选B。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合虚拟语气用法。

【句意】他坚持直到工作完成才会休息。

24.单选题

Theseproblemsare（）examplesintheefforttoavoidtheinevitableeffectsofshortsightedfiscalplanninginthefuture.

问题1选项

A.representative

B.aberrant

C.insignificant

D.illuminating

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项representative“典型的”；B选项aberrant“异常的”；C选项insignificant“无关紧要的”；D选项illuminating“照亮的，启蒙的”。句意：这些问题是典型的例子，为了努力避免未来目光短浅的财政规划所带来不可避免的影响。选项A符合语境。

25.翻译题

ReadthefollowingParagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoChinese.

Theperiodofadolescence,i.e.，theperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybelongorshort,dependingonsocialexpectationsandonsociety’sdefinitionastowhatconstitutesmaturityandadulthood.Inprimitivesocietiesadolescenceisfrequentlyarelativelyshortperiodoftime,whileinindustrialsocietieswithpatternsofprolongededucationcoupledwithlawsagainstchildlabor,theperiodofadolescenceismuchlongerandmayincludemostoftheseconddecadeofone’slife.Furthermore，thelengthoftheadolescentperiodandthedefinitionofadulthoodstatusmaychangeinagivensocietyassocialandeconomicconditionschange.Examplesofthistypeofchangearethedisappearanceofthefrontierinthelatterpartofthe19thcenturyintheUnitedStates,andmoreuniversally,theindustrializationofanagriculturalsociety.

【答案】青春期，即从童年到成年之间的这段时期，可能很长，也可能很短，这取决于社会的期望和社会对什么是成熟和成年的定义。在原始社会，青春期往往是相对较短的一段时间，而在人们受教育时间较长的工业社会，再加上反对童工的法律，青春期的时间要长得多，可能包括人生第二个十年的大部分时间。此外，随着社会和经济条件的变化，在特定社会中，青春期的长度和成年身份的定义可能会发生变化。这类变化的例子如：19世纪后半叶美国边疆的消失，更普遍的是农业社会的工业化。

26.单选题

Perfectcertaintybelongsonlytothegods；therestofushavetomakedowithscienceandits（）.

问题1选项

A.imperfections

B.conclusions

C.methodologies

D.hyperbole

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析。句意：完美只属于上帝，其余的我们必须用科学弥补。imperfections不完美；conclusions结论；methodologies方法论；hyperbole夸张。故选A。

27.单选题

Fortune-tellersaregoodatmaking（

）statementssuchas"Yoursorrowswillchange".

问题1选项

A.literal

B.ambiguous

C.invalid

D.philosophical

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。literal“文字的，逐字的，无夸张的”；ambiguous“模糊不清的，引起歧义的”；invalid“无效的，有病的，残废的”；philosophical“哲学的”。由空格后“Yoursorrowswillchange”确定本句句意是‘算命者擅长做如“你的悲伤将改变”等模糊不清的声明。’B选项正确。

28.单选题

There（）nothingmorefordiscussion,themeetingcametoanendhalfanhourearlier.

问题1选项

A.tobe

B.tohavebeen

C.being

D.be

【答案】C

【解析】考查原因状语。句意：由于没有什么可讨论的了，会议提前半小时结束了。因前后两部分之间没有连接词，所以可以确定前半句为独立主格结构，therebeing是存在句的非限定形式，在句中表示原因状语。因此C选项正确。

29.单选题

Don’tloseheart!Youshould______yourcourageandovercomethedifficult.

问题1选项

A.pullup

B.pluckup

C.holdup

D.setu