考研考博-英语-云南理工职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南理工职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Whatthegovernmentsshoulddourgentlyistotakeactionsto（

）theeconomy.

问题1选项

A.brook

B.blush

C.boost

D.brood

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。brook“容忍，允许”；blush“脸红，羞愧”；boost“促进，提高”；brood“沉思”。句意：政府现在迫切需要的是采取措施促进经济发展。选项C符合题意。

2.单选题

Language,cultureandpersonalitymaybeconsidered（）ofeachotherinthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.

问题1选项

A.indistinctly

B.indefinitely

C.irrelevantly

D.independently

【答案】D

【解析】indistinctly朦胧地；indefinitely无限地,不明确地；irrelevantly不相干地；independently独立地。根据句意可知应填入与inseparable相反的词,选项D符合语境。

3.单选题

Withcloud,mobility,bigdataandconsumerization,companiesareinevengreaterneedoftechnologytalentthantheywereinthelate1990s,andthattalentisinevenshortersupply.Computerscienceenrollmentsareatanall-timelow;baby-boomerworkersareretiringandtakingallofthatlegacy—systemsknowledgewiththem;andSiliconValleyishotagain.Wouldthatyoung,brilliantdeveloperratherjointhenextZyngaorupgradethepayrollsystemsatyourinsurancecompany?

Twoweeksago,IaskedtheITexecutivereadershipofmyweeklynewsletter,TheHellerReport,toanswerthequestion:Ifyouhadamagicwand,whichonetalentproblemwouldyousolve?Responsespouredinandaddressedchallengesaroundrecruiting,developingleaders,andretainingthetalentthattheycurrentlyhave.Butmorethan70percentofreaderswouldusetheirmagicwandtodoonlyonething:givebusinessskillstotheirtechnologists.Theirpeople,theyworry,aresonarrowlyfocusedonthetechnologythattheyfailtoseetheforestforthetrees.Theydonotunderstandthebusinesscontextoftheirtechnologywork,norcantheyhavemeaningfuldiscussionswiththeleadersofthebusinessareasabouttheirtechnologysupport.

Thislackofbusiness-savvytechnologytalentisaseriousproblemforeverycompanythatreliesontechnologytoexist(whichis,ofcourse,everycompany).Thosebeautifully“blendedexecutives,”whocantalktechnologyinonemeetingandcantalkbusinessinanother,arerarebirds.Yetwithtechnologymovingdirectlyintotherevenuestreamofyourcompany,youneedthem,andyourneedisonlygoingtoincrease.

Oneoptionistospendallofyourtimeandmoneyonrecruitingblendedexecutivesfromtheoutside.Youwillbeinheatedcompetitionwitheveryothercompanyinyourmarket,andifyourrecruitingfunctionisnotacompetitiveweaponforyou,youwillfindyourselfinalosingbattle.Youwouldbemuchbetteroffgrowingyourown.Herearesomeideas:

Buildarotationalprogram.EncourageyourheadofhumanresourcestoworkwithyourCIOandafewofyourotherbusinessleaderstobuildaprogramthatrotatesITpeopleintodifferentfunctionsofthebusiness.Thiskindofprogramisnoteasy,withyourCIOhavingtosurvivewithoutatrustedITleaderforaperiodoftime,butthelong-termresultofagoodrotationalprogramcanbetremendous.Itmaywellbeworththeinvestment.

Involveyourbusinessleaders.Ifarotationalprogramistoomuchtotakeonrightnow,buildaleadershipdevelopmentprogramforITthatinvolvesyourbusinessexecutives.EncourageyourCIOtoinvitetheheadsofyourmajorbusinessunitstomeetregularlywiththeseniorITteamtoeducatethemontheirbusinessarea.Andbesurethatyou,CFO,arespendingenoughtimewithIT.Usethatinteractiontochipawayatthelong-standingwallthatoftenexistsbetweenthebusinessandIT.

1.CompaniesareingreaterneedoftechnologytalentNOTbecauseof（）.

2.ThemainideaofParagraph2isthat（）.

3.Thephrase“recruitingfunction”underlinedinParagraph4refersto（）.

4.Ifacompanydoesn’thaveenoughtimeandmoneytohireexecutivesitneeds,itshould（）.

5.ArotationalprogramDOESN’Tinvolve（）.

问题1选项

A.theaccumulationofmoredata

B.theneedtoserveconsumers

C.therisingdemandforcloudcomputation

D.thedevelopmentofmedicalindustry

问题2选项

A.profounddiscussionisrequired

B.ITemployeesshouldbebusiness-savvy

C.technologysupportisexpected

D.therearechallengesinrecruitingdevelopers

问题3选项

A.recruitmentofaparticularfirm

B.thefunctionalityofrecruitment

C.competitiverecruitmentstrategy

D.employmentofITworkersforacertainemployer

问题4选项

A.achievelong-termresults

B.deviseatrainingprogram

C.participateinheatedcompetition

D.callonallbusinessleaders

问题5选项

A.blendedITexecutives

B.CIO

C.CEO

D.allbusinessleaders

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干：公司特别需要技术人才不是因为_______。通过题干定位到文章第一段的第一句话Withcloud,mobility,bigdataandconsumerization,companiesareinevengreaterneedoftechnologytalentthantheywereinthelate1990s.（随着云计算、移动性、大数据和消费化，企业比上世纪90年代末更需要技术人才。），A选项“更多数据的累积”，对应“大数据”，B选项“服务消费者的需要”，对应“消费化”，C选项“云计算需求的增加”，对应“云计算”，只有D选项“医药产业的发展”，在文中并没有提及，所以本题应该选D选项。

2.主旨大意题。题干：第二段的中心思想是________。根据第二段的主要内容“如果你有根魔杖，你会解决哪一个人才问题？70%的读者的选择是把商业技能传授给他们的技术人员”，所以B选项“IT员工应该具有商业头脑”符合题意。文中最后一句提到Theydonotunderstandthebusinesscontextoftheirtechnologywork,norcantheyhavemeaningfuldiscussionswiththeleadersofthebusinessareasabouttheirtechnologysupport.（他们不了解其技术工作的业务环境，也不能与业务领域的领导者就其技术支持进行有意义的讨论。），由此可知，和业务领域的领导者进行深入的讨论是包括在商业技能里面的，所以A选项“需要深入的讨论”不正确，C选项“期待技术支持”和D选项“在招聘开发者方面存在一些挑战”都是想要解决的问题之一，但不是中心思想。综上所述，该题正确答案为B选项。

3.语义推测题。题干：文中第四段的划线部分“recruitingfunction”指的是_______。第四段中提到ifyourrecruitingfunctionisnotacompetitiveweaponforyou,youwillfindyourselfinalosingbattle.Youwouldbemuchbetteroffgrowingyourown.Herearesomeideas：（如果你的recruitingfunction对你来说不是一件有竞争力的武器，你会发现自己处于一场失败的战斗中。你最好发展自身，以下是一些建议：），紧接着第五，第六段提出一些建议。所以recruitingfunction在这里指的是“有竞争力的招聘策略”，C选项符合题意。A选项“特定公司的招聘”，B选项“招聘的功能”，D选项“为某个雇主雇佣IT工人”，均不是对recruitingfunction正确的解释。综上所述，该题正确答案为C选项。

4.细节推理题。题干：如果一家公司没有足够的时间和资金来聘请它所需要的高管，那么它应该_________。文章第五段和第六段提到的两个建议，第一个是Buildarotationalprogram（建立一个轮换计划），第二个是Involveyourbusinessleaders（让你的商业领袖参与进来），由此可知，D选项“号召所有的商业领袖”符合题意。A选项“取得长期结果”，在文中并未提及，排除A选项，B选项“制定培训计划”，文中第六段提到的轮换计划指的是将IT人员轮换到业务的不同职能的程序，和B选项表达的内容不相符，排除B选项，C选项“参加激烈的比赛”，在文中并未提及，排除C选项。所以本题应该选择D选项。

5.事实细节题。题干：轮换制度不包括________。由关键词“rotationalprogram”定位到文章第五段EncourageyourheadofhumanresourcestoworkwithyourCIOandafewofyourotherbusinessleaderstobuildaprogramthatrotatesITpeopleintodifferentfunctionsofthebusiness.（鼓励您的人力资源主管与您的CIO和其他一些业务领导合作，建立一个将IT人员轮换到业务的不同职能的程序。），由此可知，D选项“所有商业领袖”，不正确，所以本题选择D选项，A选项“混合IT高管”，B选项“CIO”均在第五段中提到，C选项“CEO”在第六段中提到“businessexecutives”，综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。

4.单选题

WhenRobertShiller,aYaleeconomistandbestsellingauthor,toldacrowdoffinanceprofessorsandeconomicsstudentslastspringthatonly10percentofhismoneywasinvestedinstocks,theygasped.

Managersmightsuggestanywherefrom50to90percent.But10percent?Thiswasheresy.

Howabout0percent?

That’sthesharethatinvestorsshouldplowintodomesticstocks,accordingtoBenInker,directorofassetallocationforGrantham,Mayo,andVanOtterloo&,Co.(GMO),amoney-managementfirmwithsome$85billioninassets.

Welcometoacontrarianviewoftoday'sequitymarkets.Asmallbutvocalbandofhereticsiscallingintoquestionnotonlytheprofitpotentialofstocksbutalsothefoundationforconventionalwisdomaboutinvesting.Evenforthosewhodisagreewiththem,theirargumentsserveasarealitycheckforthemarket.

Areconventionalportfoliosreallyassafeasexpertssay?

“Don’tbesurprisedthattheWallStreetbrokeragefirmsspendmostoftheirtimetellingyouthatstocksarecheap,”warnsMr.Inker.“WallStreetlikesthemarket.Itlikestrading.WallStreetmakesalotmoremoneyoffoftradingstocksthantradingbonds.”

Thetrickistodetermineyourportfolio’sexposuretorisk,analystssay.Andthatdepends——toasurprisinglylargedegreeonhowdiversifieditisandhowlongyou’repreparedtostaythecourse.Thesearekeyelementsof“modemportfoliotheory,”whichcameintobeinginthe1950sandeventuallywonitscreator,HarryMarkowitz,aNobelPrize

Essentially,portfoliotheoryholdsthatinvestorsreapthegreatestreturnwiththeleastriskwhentheyallocatetheirmoneyamongdiverseclassesofassets,holdthemforthelongterm,andrebalancetheportfoliowhenthevariousclassesofassetsstraytoofarfromtheiroriginalallocation.

Tomakeitwork,youneedtoownassetclassesthatdon'tmoveinlockstep,makeaccurateestimatesoftheirfuturereturns,anduseaverylongtimehorizon.Amiscalculationinevenoneofthesesteps,however,canseriouslyhurltheprospectsforreachingyourultimategoal.

“Thelong-termnatureisthedrivingforceoftheportfolio,”saysJerryKorabilk,vicepresidentofIbbotsonAssociates,aChicago-basedassetallocationadviser.“Allofourclientsareinstitutions,andwedevelopportfolioswith10-,20-,even30-yeartimehorizons.”

Ridingtherollercoaster

Thus,investorsshouldnevertrytogetinandoutofthemarketatspecifictimes,thetheoryholds.Instead,theyshouldridetheinevitableebbandflowofprices.Iftheyhaveallocatedtheirmoneycorrectly,someportionoftheirportfoliowillalmostalwaysbemakingmoney.Byrebalancingtheirportfoliosperiodically——sellingoffsomeofthewinningassetclassesandbuyingmoreofthelosers—theyarecontinuallybuyinglowandsellinghigh,atleastinarelativesense.

Thisbuy-and-holdstrategyhaswonoverhordesofinvestors.TheaverageFidelityretirementaccounthasnearly60percentofitsmoneyinstocks,arecentstudyfound.Theoverallaverageforretirementaccounts:61percent,accordingtotheEmployeeBenefitResearchInstitute.Evenequityallocationsforcollegeanduniversityendowmentshoveraround57.1percent,saystheNationalAssociationofCollegeandUniversityBusinessOfficers.

Theproblemisthatinvestorssometimeshavetobeextraordinarilypatientforthestrategytopayoff.In1981,forexample,theS&P500indexstoodatthesamelevelitfirstachievedin1965.Todaytheindexisabout30percentlowerthanitspeakin2000.Doinvestorsreallyhavetoputupwithsuchlongperiodsoflosses?

Profitsofimpatience

No,sayasmallcontingentofmoneymanagers.Byavoidingthestockmarketastheirprimaryengineforprofitduringthepastfiveyears,severalofthesemanagershavepostedgoodreturns.

TakethePermanentPortfolioFund.Unlikemanybalancedfunds,whichdiversifyprimarilybetweenstocksandbonds.Itencompassesamuchwidervarietyofassets:20percentgoldbullionandcoins,5percentsilverbullionandcoins,10percentSwissfrancdenominatedassets(typicallySwissgovernmentbonds),15percentUSandforeignrealestateandnatural-resourcecompanystocks,15percentaggressive-growthstocks,and35percentindollarassets(Treasurysecuritiesinvaryingmaturitiesandalsoshort-term,high-gradebonds).

Overthepastfiveyears,whiletheS&P500hasslippedbackward,thePermanentPortfolioFundhasaveragedastartling10.1percentgrowthperyear.

“Wedon’tcorrelatetoanyindexbecauseweowndifferentassets,”saysthefund'smanager,MichaelGuggino.“Inmarketswherestocksandequitiesaregoingsidewaysordown,weperformverywellbecauseourdiversificationismuchbroader.Ifequitiesgogangbusterslikeinthe90s,clearlywearegoingtounderperformbecausewewon’tbetotallyinstocks.”

Indeed,thefundlaggedsignificantlyduringtheboomyearsofthe1990s,causingaverageannualreturnsforthedecadetotrailtheS&P500byfourpercentagepoints.

1.Accordingto“modemportfoliotheory,”weshould（）.

2.Inthelastparagraph,“Thefundlaggedsignificantlyduringtheboomyearsof1990s,causingaverageannualreturnsforthedecadetotrailtheS&P500byfourpercentagepoints.”Weseefromthissentencethat（

）.

3.Whatattitudedoestheauthorhavetowardsconventionalportfolios?

4.Inthelast2ndparagraph,“Ifequitiesgogangbusterslikeinthe1990s,clearlywearegoingtounder-performbecausewewon’tbetotallyinstocks.”Weknowfromthissentenceallofthefollowingexceptthat（）.

问题1选项

A.buyonesinglykindofstocks

B.neversellourstocks

C.sellstockswhosepricesgorelativelytoohighinourportfolio

D.buystockswhosepricesfluctuatesatthesamepace

问题2选项

A.thefund'sprofitswerenotgoodenough

B.thefund'sperformanceduringthe1990sisverypoor

C.thefundlostmoneyduringthe1990s

D.thefunddidexceedinglywellduringthe1990s

问题3选项

A.Skeptical

B.Scathing

C.Detached

D.Boastful

问题4选项

A.the1990ssawaboomingstockmarket

B.“we”underperformedduringthe1990s

C.“we”willchangeourcourseofaction

D.“we”arenottotallyinstocks

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据现代资产组合理论，我们应该……”。文章第八段提到“这在很大程度上取决于资产的分散性和你打算持有多久。这些是现在资产组合理论的关键部分”（Andthatdepends——toasurprisinglylargedegree——onhowdiversifieditisandhowlongyou'repreparedtostaythecourse.Thesearekeyelementsof“modernportfoliotheory”…），可知强调的是多样性，而不是“单个”，因此选项A可以排除；文章第十段提到“为了让它（投资组合）起作用，你需要拥有不同类型且不同步变化的资产，并且你还需要对资产进行预估”（Tomakeitwork,youneedtoownassetclassesthatdon’tmoveinlockstep,makeaccurateestimatesoftheirfuturereturns,anduseaverylongtimehorizon），因此选项D中的atthesamepace错误，可以排除；文章第九段rebalancetheportfolio,第十二段提到“平衡投资组合包括出售一些盈利的资产，买入更多亏损的资产类别”（Byrebalancingtheirportfoliosperiodicallysellingoffsomeofthewinningassetclassesandbuyingmoreofthelosers），因此选项B错误。综上，选项C符合题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问的是“我们从最后一段的这句话中了解到了什么？”文章最后一句提到“实际上，在上世纪90年代的繁荣时期，该基金表现明显滞后，导致这十年的平均年回报率落后于标准普尔500指数4个百分点”（Indeed,thefundlaggedsignificantlyduringtheboomyearsofthe1990s,causingaverageannualreturnsforthedecadetotrailtheS&P500byfourpercentagepoints），由此可以推断在90年代股市暴涨在基金中不明显，因此选项A符合题意。

3.观点态度题。题目问的是“对于传统资产组合，作者是何种态度？”文章第六段提问道“传统的资产组合真的像专家们所说的那样安全吗？”下文对此进行解答，因此选项C“客观的”符合题意。skeptical“怀疑的”；scathing“严厉的”；boastful“自夸的，自负的”。

4.推理判断题。题目问的是“我们从倒数第二段的这句话中了解到以下信息，除了……”该句出现在倒数第二段最后一句话，意思是“如果股票像90年代那样行情火爆，那么很明显，我们的运作将会差于一般市场价格，因为我们不会完全投资于股市”，“90年代股票市场繁荣”“‘我们’在90年代运作不佳”“‘我们’没有完全投资于股市”均在句子中体现了，只有C选项没有体现，因此该选项符合题意。

5.单选题

InthevillagesoftheEnglishcountrysidetherearestillpeoplewhorememberthegoodolddayswhennoonebotheredtolocktheirdoors.Theresimplywasn’tanycrimetoworryabout.

Amazingly,thesehappytimesappearstilltobewithusintheworld’sbiggestcommunity.AnewstudybyDanFarmer,agiftedprogrammer,usinganautomatedinvestigativeprogramofhisowncalledSATAN,showsthattheownersofwelloverhalfofallWorldWideWebsiteshavesetuphomewithoutfittinglockstotheirdoors.

SATANcantryoutavarietyofwell-knownhackingtricksonanInternetsitewithoutactuallybreakingin.Fannerhasmadetheprogrampubliclyavailable,amidmuchcriticism.Apersonwithevilintentcoulduseittohuntdownsitesthatareeasytoburgle.

ButFarmerisveryconcernedabouttheneedtoalertthepublictopoorsecurityand,sofar,eventshaveprovedhimright.SATANhasdonemoretoalertpeopletotherisksthancausenewdisorder.SoistheNetbecomingmoresecure?Farfromit.Intheearlydays,whenyouvisitedaWebsiteyourbrowsersimplylookedatthecontent.NowtheWebisfulloftinyprogramsthatautomaticallydownloadwhenyoulookataWebpage,andrunonyourownmachine.Theseprogramscould,iftheirauthorswished,doallkindsofnastythingstoyourcomputer.

Atthesametime,theNetisincreasinglypopulatedwithspiders,worms,agentsandothertypesofautomatedbeastsdesignedtopenetratethesitesandseekoutandclassifyinformation.Allthesemakewonderfultoolsforantisocialpeoplewhowanttoinvadeweaksitesandcausedamage.

Butlet’slookonthebrightside.Giventhelackoflocks,theInternetissurelytheworld’sbiggest(almost)crime-freesociety.Maybethatisbecausehackersarefundamentallyhonest.Orthattherecurrentlyisn’tmuchtosteal.Orbecausevandalismisn’tmuchfununlessyouhaveapeculiardislikeforsomeone.

Whateverthereason,let’senjoyitwhilewecan.Butexpectitalltochange,andsecuritytobecomethenumberoneissue,whenthemostinfluentialinhabitantsoftheNetaresellingservicestheywanttobepaidfor.

46.Bysaying“...ownersofwelloverhalfofallWorldWideWebsiteshavesetuphomewithoutfittinglockstotheirdoors”(Lines3-4,Para.2),theauthormeansthat______.

47.SATAN,aprogramdesignedbyDanFarmercanbeused______.

48.Farmer’sprogramhasbeencriticizedbythepublicbecause______.

49.Theauthor’sattitudetowardSATANis______.

50.Theauthorsuggestsinthelastparagraphthat______.

问题1选项

A.thosehappytimesappearstilltobewithus

B.theresimplywasn’tanycrimetoworryabout

C.manysitesarenotwell-protected

D.hackerstryouttricksonanInternetsitewithoutactuallybreakingin

问题2选项

A.toinvestigatethesecurityofInternetsites

B.toimprovethesecurityoftheInternetsystem

C.topreventhackersfrombreakingintowebsites

D.todownloadusefulprogramsandinformation

问题3选项

A.itcausesdamagetoNetbrowsers

B.itcanbreakintoInternetsites

C.itcanbeusedtocausedisorderonallsites

D.itcanbeusedbypeoplewithevilintent

问题4选项

A.enthusiastic

B.critical

C.positive

D.indifferent

问题5选项

A.weshouldmakefulluseoftheInternetbeforesecuritymeasuresarestrengthened

B.weshouldalertthemostinfluentialbusinessmentotheimportanceofsecurity

C.influentialbusinessmenshouldgiveprioritytotheimprovementofNetsecurity

D.netinhabitantsshouldnotletsecuritymeasuresaffecttheirjoyofsurfingtheInternet

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】46.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“通过提到‘…ownersofwelloverhalfofallWorldWideWebsiteshavesetuphomewithoutfittinglockstotheirdoors’(第2段第3-4行)，作者的意思是……”。根据第二段第二句中的usinganautomatedinvestigativeprogramofhisowncalledSATAN,showsthattheownersofwelloverhalfofallWorldWideWebsiteshavesetuphomewithoutfittinglockstotheirdoors.（用他自称为“撒旦”的自动调查程序所做的一项最新研究表明，超过一半以上的万维网网站主人建立的家都没有上锁）可知，许多网站没有得到很好的保护；A项“那些快乐的时光似乎还在我们身边”，B项“根本没有什么犯罪需要担心”，D项“黑客们在网站上尝试各种技巧，但实际上并没有入侵网站”都不是作者在这里想表达的。因此C项“许多网站没有得到很好的保护”正确。

47.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“撒旦，一个由DanFarmer设计的程序可以被用来……”。根据第二段第二句usinganautomatedinvestigativeprogramofhisowncalledSATAN（用他自称为‘撒旦’的自动调查程序）和第三段的第一句SATANcantryoutavarietyofwell-knownhackingtricksonanInternetsitewithoutactuallybreakingin.（“撒旦”可以对网站试验一系列众所周知的黑客攻击而不用真正闯入）可以推断出“撒旦”这个程序是用来检验网站是否安全，B项“完善互联网系统的安全性”，C项“阻止黑客闯入网站”，D项“下载有用的程序和信息”都不是“撒旦”的功能，因此A项“检验网站是否安全”正确。

48.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。题干意思是“Farmer的项目受到了公众的批评，因为……”。根据第三段第三句Apersonwithevilintentcoulduseittohuntdownsitesthatareeasytoburgle.（一个有邪恶意图的人可以用它来搜索容易被盗窃的网站）可知D项“它可以被恶意的人利用”符合题意。A项“它会对网络浏览器造成损害”，和B项“它可以侵入互联网站点”不是“撒旦”造成的后果，也不是这个项目受到公众批评的真正原因；根据第四段第二行SATANhasdonemoretoalertpeopletotherisksthancausenewdisorder.（“撒旦”做的更多的是提醒人们注意风险，而不是引起新的混乱）可知，C项“它可以用来在所有的网站上造成混乱”错误。因此D选项正确。

49.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】作者态度题。题干意思是“作者对‘撒旦’的态度是……”。倒数第二段第一句提到Butlet’slookonthebrightside.Giventhelackoflocks,theInternetissurelytheworld’sbiggest(almost)crime-freesociety.（但我们也要看到光明的一面，不考虑安全因素，因特网几乎是世界上最大的没有犯罪的社会）和最后一段第一句说道Whateverthereason,let’senjoyitwhilewecan.（不管是什么原因，让我们在还能享受的时候尽情享受吧），由此可推断作者对“撒旦”的态度是积极的，因此C项“积极的”正确。A项“热心的”，B项“批评的”和D项“漠不关心的”都不符合。因此选C正确。

50.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。题干意思是“文章最后一段……”。倒数第二段第一句提到Butlet’slookonthebrightside.Giventhelackoflocks,theInternetissurelytheworld’sbiggest(almost)crime-freesociety.（但我们也要看到光明的一面，不考虑安全因素，因特网几乎是世界上最大的没有犯罪的社会）和最后一段第一句说道Whateverthereason,let’senjoyitwhilewecan.（不管是什么原因，让我们在还能享受的时候尽情享受吧），由此可推断作者对“撒旦”的态度是积极的，因此C项“积极的”正确。A项“热心的”，B项“批评的”和D项“漠不关心的”都不符合。因此选C正确。

6.单选题

Accordingtothenewschoolofscientiststechnologyisanoverlookedforceinexpandingthehorizonsofscientificknowledge.Sciencemovesforward,theysay,notsomuchthroughtheinsightsofgreatmenofgeniusasbecauseofmoreordinarythingslikeimprovedtechniquesandtools.Inshort,aleaderofthenewschoolcontends,thescientificrevolution,aswecallit,waslargelytheimprovementaninventionanduseofaseriesofinstrumentsthatexpandedthereachofscienceininnumerabledirections.

Overtheyears,toolsandtechnologythemselvesasasourceoffundamentalinnovationhavelargelybeenignoredbyhistoriansandphilosophersofscience.ThemodernschoolthathailstechnologyarguesthatsuchmastersasGalileo,Newton,Maxwell,Einstein,andinventorssuchasEdisonattachedgreatimportanceto,andderivedgreatbenefitfrom,craftinformationandtechnologicaldevicesofdifferentkindsthatwereusableinscientificexperiments.

Thecoreoftheargumentofatechnology-yes,genius-noadvocatewasananalysisofGalileo’sroleatthestartofthescientificrevolution.ThewisdomofthedaywasderivedfromPtolemy,anastronomerofthesecondcentury,whoseelaboratesystemoftenskyputEarthatthecenterofallheavenlymotions.Galileo’sgreatestglorywasthatin1609hewasthefirstpersontoturnthenewlyinventedtelescopeontheheavenstoprovethattheplanetsrevolvearoundthesunratherthanaroundtheearth.Buttherealheroofthestory,accordingtothenewschoolofscientists,wasthelongevolutionintheimprovementofmachineryformakingeyeglasses.

Federalpolicyisnecessarilyinvolvedinthetechnologyvsgeniusdispute.WhethertheGovernmentshouldincreasethefinancingofpurescienceattheexpenseoftechnologyorviceversaoftendependsontheissueofwhichisseenasthedrivingforce.

1.Whatleadstotheexpansionofscienceintermsofthenewschoolofscientists?

2.Whatisthenatureofscientificrevolutionaccordingtoaleaderofthenewschool?

3.Whydoesmodernschoolofscientistspayattentiontotheinventionandimprovementoftoolsandtechnology?

4.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.Thecreativeideasofthegreatminds.

B.Thescientificknowledgeofthegeniuses.

C.Theimprovementofordinarytoolsandtechniques.

D.Theneglectedforceinscientificinnovations.

问题2选项

A.Ithelpstoinventaseriesofnewinstruments.

B.Itisactuallytheresultofthedevelopmentofaseriesofinstruments.

C.Itpushesthesciencetowardaparticulardirection.

D.Ithasimprovedthetechniquesininnumerabledirections.

问题3选项

A.Becausetheycanbeappliedinscientificexperiments.

B.Becausetheyaregreatlyadmiredbyscientistsandinventors.

C.Becausetheyareoverlookedbyhistoriansandphilosophers.

D.Becausetheycanbeservedasasourceofbasicinnovations.

问题4选项

A.Thegovernment'sdecisiononitsfinanceallocationisdeterminedbyitsopinionontheprioritybetweenscienceandtechnology.

B.Thegovernmenthasdevelopedpurescienceattheexpenseoftechnology.

C.Thegovernmenthasattachedmoreimportancetotechnologythanpurescience.

D.Thegovernmentwillnolongerincreasethefinancialsupporttopurescience.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文的第一段，“Sciencemovesforward,theysay,notsomuchthroughtheinsightsofgreatmenofgeniusasbecauseofmoreordinarythingslikeimprovedtechniquesandtools.”他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。A选项“伟大思想的创造性思想”，B选项“天才的科学知识”，C选项“普通工具和技术的改进”，D选项“科学创新中被忽视的力量”。因此，C选项符合题意。

2.细节事实题。根据题干定位到第一段的最后一句，“Inshort,aleaderofthenewschoolcontends,thescientificrevolution,aswecallit,waslargelytheimprovementaninventionanduseofaseriesofinstrumentsthatexpandedthereachofscienceininnumerabledirections.”简而言之，新学派的一位领袖认为，我们所谓的科学革命主要是指一系列仪器的改进、发明和使用，这些发明和使用使科学发展的范围无所不及。A选项“它有助于发明一系列新仪器”，B选项“它实际上是一系列仪器发展的结果”，C选项“它把科学推向一个特定的方向”，D选项“它在无数方面改进了技术”。因此，B选项符合题意。

3.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文的第二段，“Overtheyears,toolsandtechnologythemselvesasasourceoffundamentalinnovationhavelargelybeenignoredbyhistoriansandphilosophersofscience.”多年来，工具和技术本身作为基础性创新的源泉在很大程度上被科学史学家和科学哲学家们所忽视。A选项“因为他们可以应用于科学实验”，B选项“因为他们深受科学家和发明家的尊敬”，C选项“因为他们被历史学家和哲学家所忽视”,D选项“因为它们可以作为基本创新的源泉”。因此，D选项符合题意。

4.判断推理题。根据题干定位到文章的最后一段，“WhethertheGovernmentshouldincreasethefinancingofpurescienceattheexpenseoftechnologyorviceversaoftendependsontheissueofwhichisseenasthedrivingforce.”政府是应该以牺牲技术为代价增加纯科学的融资，还是反过来增加纯科学的融资，往往取决于哪一方被视为驱动力的问题。A选项“政府对其资金配置的决定取决于其对科学与技术优先地位的看法”，B选项“政府以牺牲技术为代价发展了纯科学”，C选项“政府更重视技术而不是纯科学”，D选项“政府将不再增加对纯科学的资金支持”。因此，A选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Singerandentertainer,（）forhisbeautifulandexpressivevoice.

问题1选项

A.wasFrankSinatrafamous

B.famouswasFrankSinatra

C.FrankSinatrawasfamous

D.wasfamousFrankSinatra

【答案】C

【解析】考查同位语。句意：法兰克辛纳屈，一个歌手及演员，他因美妙且富有表现力的声音而闻名。在句子中singerandentertainer是对FrankSinatra的同位语解释。根据短语结构befamousfor表示“因……而闻名”可知，本题正确答案为C项。

8.单选题

Therewasabigholeintheroadwhich（）thetraffic.

问题1选项

A.setback

B.stoodback

C.heldup

D.keptdown

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。setback“推迟，使受…挫折”；standback“退后，往后站”；holdup“举起，阻拦”；keepdown“控制，镇压”。句意：路上的一个大洞阻碍了交通。C项符合题意。

9.单选题

I'msorrytohave（）youwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.

问题1选项

A.interfered

B.impressed

C.offended

D.bothered

【答案】D

【解析】句意:这种情况下，我还问了这么多问题，给你添麻烦了，真是抱歉。

考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去分词形式。interfere干预；打扰；impress给……以深刻印象；offend冒犯；得罪；bother烦扰；打扰。因此D符合句意。

10.单选题

Wehadagoodtimethere,andthefoodwasplentifuland（）.

问题1选项

A.conducive

B.wholesome

C.helpful

D.appreciative

【答案】B

【解析】句意:在那，我们度过愉快的时光，而且食物很丰盛又有益于健康。

考查形容词辨析。conducive使容易（或有可能）发生的.；wholesome有益于健康的；helpful有帮助的；appreciative感激的；欣赏的。因此B符合句意。

11.单选题

Arithmeticistheonefundamentalscience,（）allotherphysicalsciences.

问题1选项

A.undermining

B.undertaking

C.underscoring

D.underlying

【答案】D

【解析】词义辨析题。undermine破坏，毁坏；undertake承担，从事；underscore强调；underlie成为…的基础，位于…之下。句意：算术是一门基础科学，是所有其他物理科学的基础。选项D符合句意。

12.单选题

（

）everdevelopedwascelluloid,acombinationofnaturalcamphorandcellulosenitrate.

问题1选项

A.Thefirstplasticand

B.Beingthefirstplastic

C.Thefirstplastic

D.Itwasthefirstplastic

【答案】C

【解析】考查主语。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词was，缺少主语，因此选C。

句意：首先开发的是赛璐珞，一种天然樟脑和硝酸纤维素的混合物。

13.单选题

Inthesearchforsolutiontoseeminglyoverwhelmingproblems,itbecameincreasingly______toincluderadical,evenrevolutionaryideas.

问题1选项

A.stable

B.absolute

C.immortal

D.plausible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项stable“稳定的”；B选absolute项“绝对的”；C选项immortal“不朽的”；D选项plausible“看似合理的”。句意：在寻找看似无法解决的问题的解决方案时，激进的，甚至是革命性的主意越来越______。根据语境，plausible“看似合理的”搭配ideas“主意”比较合理，指激进的方法更加可行，D选项plausible“看似合理的”符合题意。因此D选项正确。

14.单选题

Thelegislativefilibusterisaparliamentarytacticdesignedtodelay