考研考博-英语-乌兰察布职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-乌兰察布职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Passage1Thereareagreatmanycareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.Youfindthesecareersinengineering,inproduction,instatisticalwork,andinteaching.Butthereisanincreasingdemandforpeoplewhoareabletotakeinagreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhapsdonotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.Thereis,inotherwords,ademandforpeoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneraljudgments.Wecancallthesepeople“generalists”Andthese“generalists”areparticularlyneededforpositionsinadministration,whereitistheirjobtoseethatotherpeopledothework,wheretheyhavetoplanforotherpeopleto,organizeotherpeopleswork,tobeginitandjudgeit.Thespecialistunderstandsonefield:hiseducationalbackgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.Thegeneralist—andespeciallytheadministrator—dealswithpeople;hisconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.

Heisan“educated”man;andhumanitiesarehisstrongestfoundation.Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeinganadministrator.Andveryrarelyisagoodgeneralistalsoagoodspecialistinaparticularfield.Anyorganizationneedsbothkindsofpeople,thoughdifferentorganizationsneedthemindifferentproportions.Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiodintowhichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareeraccordingly.

Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou—butthisispureaccident.Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobsconstantlyorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofyourabilitytoholdanyjob.Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookuponthefirstjobasthefinaljob:itisprimarilyatrainingjob,anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessforbeinganemployee.

21.Thereisanincreasingdemandfor______.

22.Thespecialistis______.

23.Theadministratoris______.

24.Duringyourtrainingperiod,itisimportant______.

25.Aman’sfirstjob______.

问题1选项

A.specialistswhosechiefconcernistoprovideadministrativeguidancetoothers

B.all-roundpeopleintheirownfield

C.peoplewhosejobistoorganizeotherpeople’swork

D.generalistswhoseeducationalbackgroundiseithertechnicalorprofessional

问题2选项

A.amanwhoseconcernismainlywithtechnicalorprofessionalmatters

B.amanwhosejobistotrainotherpeople

C.amanwhohasbeentrainedinmorethanonefield

D.amanwhocanseetheforestratherthanthetrees

问题3选项

A.amanwhoisan“educated”specialist

B.a“trained”manwhoismoreaspecialistthanageneralist

C.amanwhoseesthetreesaswellastheforest

D.amanwhoisverystronginthehumanities

问题4选项

A.totrytobeageneralist

B.tochooseaprofitablejob

C.todecidewhetheryouarefittobeaspecialistorageneralist

D.tofindanorganizationwhichfitsyou

问题5选项

A.shouldnotberegardedashisfinaljob

B.isnevertherightjobforhim

C.shouldnotbechangedorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofhisabilitytoholdanyjob

D.isprimarilyanopportunitytofithimselfforhisfinaljob

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】21.【选项释义】

21.Thereisanincreasingdemandfor______.21.对______的需求日益增加。

A.specialistswhosechiefconcernistoprovideadministrativeguidancetoothersA.主要关心为他人提供行政指导的专家

B.all-roundpeopleintheirownfieldB.各自领域的全能型人才

C.peoplewhosejobistoorganizeotherpeople’sworkC.以组织他人工作为工作职责的人

D.generalistswhoseeducationalbackgroundiseithertechnicalorprofessionalD.技术或专业教育背景的通才

【答案】C

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据increasingdemand定位至第一段第三、四句“但是，人们越来越需要那些一眼就能看到广阔领域的人，这些人可能对任何一个领域都不太了解。换句话说，人们需要能够看到整个森林而不是树木的人，需要能够做出一般判断的人。”理解可知，能够做出一般判断的人的需求日益增加，结合第一段第五句“我们可以称这些人为‘通才’，这些‘通才’在行政管理职位上尤其需要，他们的工作是监督其他人工作，他们必须为其他人计划、组织其工作、开始工作和评判工作”可知，能够做出一般判断的人指的是行政管理职位上的人，C项“以组织他人工作为工作职责的人”同属行政管理的职能，故该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】

A项“主要关心为他人提供行政指导的专家”，根据原文可知，“通才”才是关心领导力、计划和方向的人才，该项属于张冠李戴；

B项“各自领域的全能型人才”，根据解题思路可知，需要的这类“通才”可能对任何一个领域都不太了解，该项属于反向干扰；

D项“技术或专业教育背景的通才”，根据原文可知，专家的教育背景才是技术或专业，该项属于张冠李戴。

22.【选项释义】

22.Thespecialistis______.22.专家是______。

A.amanwhoseconcernismainlywithtechnicalorprofessionalmattersA.专门从事技术或专业事务的人

B.amanwhosejobistotrainotherpeopleB.一个以训练他人为工作职责的人

C.amanwhohasbeentrainedinmorethanonefieldC.在多个领域受过训练的人

D.amanwhocanseetheforestratherthanthetreesD.一个能看到整个森林而不是树木的人

【答案】A

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据第一段倒数第二句“专家只了解一个领域，他的教育背景是适当的技术或专业”可知，专家是专门从事技术或专业事务的人，该题选择A项“专门从事技术或专业事务的人”正确。

【干扰项排除】B项“一个以训练他人为工作职责的人”、C项“在多个领域受过训练的人”和D项“一个能看到整个森林而不是树木的人”是“通才”所具备的能力，都属于张冠李戴。

23.【选项释义】

23.Theadministratoris______.23.管理者是______。

A.amanwhoisan“educated”specialistA.受过“教育”的专家

B.a“trained”manwhoismoreaspecialistthanageneralistB.一个“训练有素”的人，他是一个专家而不是通才

C.amanwhoseesthetreesaswellastheforestC.既能看到树木又能看到森林的人

D.amanwhoisverystronginthehumanitiesD.很擅长人文学科的人

【答案】D

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“他是一个‘有教养’的人；人文学科是他最坚实的基础”可知，人文学科对管理者而言是最坚固的基础，也就是说管理者很擅长人文学科，故该题选择D项“很擅长人文学科的人”。

【干扰项排除】

A项“受过‘教育’的专家”和B项“一个‘训练有素’的人，他是一个专家而不是通才”，根据第二段第二句“很少有专家能成为管理人员”可知，该项属于反向干扰；

C项“既能看到树木又能看到森林的人”根据题干定位至第一段最后一句“通才——尤其是管理者——与人打交道”可知，管理者就是通才，而前文提到通才是“能够看到整个森林而不是树木的人”，该项属于曲解原文。

24.【选项释义】

24.Duringyourtrainingperiod,itisimportant______.24.在你的培训期间，______是重要的。

A.totrytobeageneralistA.努力成为一个通才

B.tochooseaprofitablejobB.选择有利可图的工作

C.todecidewhetheryouarefittobeaspecialistorageneralistC.决定你是适合做专家还是通才

D.tofindanorganizationwhichfitsyouD.找一个适合你的组织

【答案】C

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第二段最后一句“在培训期间，你的任务是找出你适合这两种工作中的哪一种，并据此规划你的职业生涯”，第二段提到的两种工作就是通才和专家，所以在培训期间，找到自己适合做专家还是通才是重要的，该题选择C项“决定你是适合做专家还是通才”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

A项“努力成为一个通才”与原文不符，该项属于曲解原文；

B项“选择有利可图的工作”和D项“找一个适合你的组织”文中没有提到，这两项属于无中生有。

25.【选项释义】

25.Aman’sfirstjob______.25.一个人的第一份工作______。

A.shouldnotberegardedashisfinaljobA.不应该被视为自己的最后一份工作

B.isnevertherightjobforhimB.永远不适合他

C.shouldnotbechangedorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofhisabilitytoholdanyjobC.不应该被改变，否则人们会怀疑他是否有能力胜任任何工作

D.isprimarilyanopportunitytofithimselfforhisfinaljobD.主要是让自己适应最后一份工作的机会

【答案】A

【考查点】细节事实题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第三段“你的第一份工作可能是适合你的——但这纯粹是偶然。当然，你不应该经常换工作，否则人们会怀疑你从事任何工作的能力。同时，你也不能把第一份工作看成最后一份工作：它主要是一份培训工作，一个了解你自己以及你是否适合成为一名员工的机会。”，从中理解可知，第一份工作可能是适合的，但是不应该把第一份工作看作是最后一份工作，所以该题选择A项“不应该被视为自己的最后一份工作”符合题意。

【干扰项排除】

B项“永远不适合他”与原文相反，该项属于反向干扰；

C项“不应该被改变，否则人们会怀疑他是否有能力胜任任何工作”，不是不应该改变，而是不应该经常换工作，该项属于曲解原文；

D项“主要是让自己适应最后一份工作的机会”，不应该把第一份工作看作是最后一份工作，该项属于反向干扰。

2.单选题

Thecompanymakesaperiodicalreviewofexpenditureeverymonth.

问题1选项

A.regular

B.immediate

C.prevalent

D.temporary

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项regular“定期的；有规律的；合格的；整齐的；普通的”；B选项immediate“立即的；直接的；最接近的”；C选项prevalent“流行的；普遍的，广传的”；D选项temporary“暂时的，临时的”。句意：公司每月定期检查支出情况。结合此处关键词periodical“[数]周期的；定期的”，得知A选项正确。

3.单选题

Themeetingwas（）overbythemayorofthecity.

问题1选项

A.presumed

B.proposed

C.presented

D.presided

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项presumed“假定，推测”；B选项proposed“建议，打算”；C选项presented“提出，呈递”；D选项presided“主持，担任会议主席”。句意：会议由该市市长（）。本句表示“会议由市长主持”，因此D选项符合题意。

4.单选题

Diseaseisafluidconceptinfluencedbysocietalandculturalattitudesthatchangediachronicallyinresponsetonewscientificandmedicaldiscoveries.Historically,doctorsdefinedadiseaseaccordingtoaclusterofsymptoms,andastheirclinicaldescriptionsbecamemoresophisticatedtheystartedtoclassifydiseasesintoseparategroups,sothatfromthismedicaltaxonomycamenewinsightsintodiseaseetiology.Beforethe20thcentury,schizophreniaandsyphiliticinsanityweretreatedasthesamedisease,butbyearly1900itbecameevidentthatpsychoseswithoutassociateddementiarepresentedaseparatediseaseforwhichthetermschizophreniawasthencoined.Thedefinitionofschizophreniacontinuestoevolvefromthepsychiatricdiseaseofthe1960stoanillnesswithasuspectedgeneticetiology,thoughtheexistenceofsuchanetiologyremainsuncertain.Whileanoptimistichuntisstillonforthegenesinvolved,wemustcontinuetodefineschizophreniaintermsofthepresenceorabsenceof“positive”and“negative”symptoms.

Labelingsomeoneasdiseased,however,hasenormousindividual,social,financial,andphysicimplications,forirrespectiveofdiseasesymptoms,thelabelitselfmayleadtosignificantdistress.Individualswithasymptomaticconditions,includinggeneticvariations,maybeperceivedbythemselvesorothersashavingadisease.Itisnotthatlabelingsomeoneasdiseasedisalwayspositive—itdoeshavesevereramifications,affectingdecisionstohavechildrenorresultinginunjusttreatmentbylife,medical,anddisabilityinsurers—butitcanbebeneficial,legitimizingsymptoms,clarifyingissuesofpersonalresponsibility,andimprovingaccessibilitytohealthcare.Nevertheless,deviationsfromnormalthatarenotassociatedwithriskshouldnotbeconsideredsynonymouswithdisease.Twoschools—nominalistandessentialistorreductionist-havedebatedtheclinicalcriteriausedtolabelapatientasdiseased.Nominalistslabelsymptomswithadiseasename,suchasschizophrenia,anddonotofferanexplanationoftheunderlyingetiology,whileessentialistscontendthatforeverydiseasethereisanunderlyingpathologicaletiology,andnowarguethattheessentiallesiondefiningthediseasestateisageneticabnormality.

Ithasbeensuggestedthatdiseasesdefinedaccordingtotheessentialisttraditionmaybepreciselywrong,whereasthosedefinedinthenominalisttraditionalmayberoughlyaccurate.Butinlabelingadiseasestate,wemustconsiderboththephenotype(symptoms)orthegenotype(geneticabnormality),foradverseconsequences,whilethelatterhelpssuggestspecificgeneticorpharmacologictherapies.Thus,bothclinicalcriteriaandgeneticabnormalitiesshouldbeusedtodefineadiseasestate,andthechoiceofadiseasedefinitionwillvaryaccordingtowhatonewishestoachieve,thegeneticcounselingoffamilymembersortheeffectivetreatmentofthepatient.

1.Theauthorofthepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorconsidersthewayschizophreniahasbeenclassifiedbydoctorsafter1960stobeanexampleofwhichofthefollowing?

3.Accordingtothepassage,anadherentofthe“nominalistschool'wouldclassifyararenewfeverinwhichofthefollowingways?

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefunctionofthelastparagraphinrelationtothepassageasawhole?

5.Itcanbeinferredthatwhichofthefollowingsituationsislikelytobemostproblematictoanadherentofthe“essentialist”methodofpathologicaltaxonomy?

问题1选项

A.proposingareturntoatraditionaltaxonomicalsystem

B.describingawaytoresolveataxonomicaldilemma

C.assessingthesuccessofanewtaxonomicalmethod

D.predictingachangeinfuturetaxonomy

问题2选项

A.Adiseasewhichresistedtraditionalmethodsofclassification,buthasbeenservedwellbymodernmethodsofclassification.

B.Adiseasewhichhasresistedmodernmethodsofclassification,andcontinuestorequireatraditionalmethodofclassification.

C.Adiseasewhichsatisfiesmodernmethodsofclassificationbest,butwhichscientistsprefertoclassifythroughatraditionalmethod.

D.Adiseasewhichsatisfiestraditionalmethodsofclassificationbest,butwhichscientistsprefertoclassifythroughamodernmethod.

问题3选项

A.Shewouldwaituntilthediseaseappearsinotherpatients,thenclassifyitbyestablishingvariationsintheirsymptoms.

B.Shewoulddeterminewhetherthediseaseisacquiredorgenetic,thenclassifyitaccordingly.

C.Shewouldisolatethebacteriaorvirusorgeneticanomalywhichcausesthedisease,thenclassifyitaccordingly.

D.Shewoulddescribethepatient’ssymptoms,comparethemtopatientswhohavehadsimilarsymptoms,thentreatthepatternasadisease.

问题4选项

A.Itsummarizesthebenefitsthatmayaccruefromaperfectedsystemofpathologicaltaxonomy.

B.Itprovidesadditionalreasonswhypathologicaltaxonomyisadifficultendeavor.

C.Itarguesforasynthesisoftwomethodsofpathologicaltaxonomyalreadyinuse.

D.Itcontinuestohighlightthedifferencesbetweentwomethodsoftaxonomicalpathologicaltaxonomy.

问题5选项

A.Apatientsufferingfromfever,inwhichthevirusthatisapparentlyresponsibleforthesymptomshasnotbeenisolated.

B.Apatientsufferingfromlunginflammationwhich,thoughresemblingotherinflammations,doesnotrespondtoanyknowntreatments.

C.Apatientsufferingfromageneticanomalywhosecausemaybeknownbutwhoseconsequencesremainunidentified.

D.Acaseofapatientwithsymptomsthatmayhavearisenfromtwoknowndiseasesofdifferentsources.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。文章第一二段提到在确诊疾病的依据时，有两个不同的派别：唯名论者（nominalist）和本质主义者（essentialist），前者用疾病名称来标记症状（Nominalistslabelsymptomswithadiseasename），后者认为每一种疾病都有病理病因（Whileessentialistscontendthatforeverydiseasethereisanunderlyingpathologicaletiology）；文章在最后一段提出在确诊时，临床症状和基因都应该考虑（Butinlabelingadiseasestate,wemustconsiderboththephenotype(symptoms)orthegenotype(geneticabnormality)），选项B“提出一种解决疾病分类进退两难处境的方法”符合题意。

第2题:推理判断题。文章第一段倒数第二句话提到“对精神分裂症的定义从20世纪60年代的精神疾病演变成一种疑似遗传病因的疾病，尽管这种病因还不确定”（Thedefinitionofschizophreniacontinuestoevolvefromthepsychiatricdiseaseofthe1960stoanillnesswithasuspectedgeneticetiology,thoughtheexistenceofsuchanetiologyremainsuncertain），由此可知选项D“一种满足传统分类方法的疾病，但是科学家更愿意通过现代方法来分类”符合题意。

第3题:推理判断题。文章第二段提到“唯名论者用疾病名称来标记各类症状，例如精神分裂症，并且没有对潜在的病因作任何解释”（Nominalistslabelsymptomswithadiseasename,suchasschizophrenia,anddonotofferanexplanationoftheunderlyingetiology），选项D“她会描述患者的症状，跟那些有同样症状的病人比较，然后将他们定义为患同一种疾病”符合题意。

第4题:推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“但是在确诊一种疾病时，临床症状和基因异常都应该被考虑在内”（Butinlabelingadiseasestate,wemustconsiderboththephenotype(symptoms)orthegenotype(geneticabnormality)），由此可知选项C“提出综合两种正在使用的病理分类方法”符合题意。

第5题:推理判断题。文章第二段的最后提到“然后本质主义者认为每种疾病都有一个病理学上的病因，而且现在认为决定病情最本质的病变是基因异常”（whileessentialistscontendthatforeverydiseasethereisanunderlyingpathologicaletiology,andnowarguethattheessentiallesiondefiningthediseasestateisageneticabnormality），选项A“一名明显是由病毒感染而引起发烧的病人”符合题意。

5.单选题

Thishotel（

）$50forasingleroomwithbath.

问题1选项

A.claims

B.charges

C.demands

D.prices

【答案】B

【解析】意:这家酒店带浴室的单间要价50美元。

考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的三单形式。Claim要求,请求,主张;charge要价,向前冲;demand要求,查询,需要;price给……定价,估价。B符合句意。

6.单选题

TheannualPhiDeltaKappa/GalluppollofattitudestowardspubliceducationreleasedthisweekfoundthatamajorityofAmericansfeelitisimportanttoputa“qualified,competentteacherineveryclassroom”.BobChase,presidentoftheNationalEducationAssociation（NEA.,themainteachers’union,wastednotimeinpointingoutthatthiswillrequireraisingteachers’salariessothatmorequalifiedcandidateswillentertheprofessionandstaythere.AstudybytwoeconomistssuggeststhatthequalityofAmerica’steachershasmoretodowithhowtheyarepaidratherthanhowmuch.

ThepayofAmericanpublicschoolteachersisnotbasedonanymeasureofperformanceinstead,itisdeterminedbyarigidformulabasedonexperienceandyearsofschoolingfactorsmassivelyunimportantindecidinghowwellstudentsdo.Theuniformpayscaleinviteswhateconomistscalladverseselection.Sincethemosttalentedteachersarealsolikelytobegoodatotherprofessions,theyhaveastrongincentivetoleaveeducationforjobsinwhichpayismorecloselylinkedtoproductivity.Fordullards（笨蛋），theincentivesarejusttheopposite.Thedataarestriking:whentestscoresareusedasaproxy（代替物）forability,thebrightestindividualsshuntheteachingprofessionateveryjuncture.Cleverstudentsaretheleastlikelytochooseeducationasamajoratuniversity.

Amongstudentswhodomajorineducation,thosewithhighertestscoresarelesslikelytobecometeachers.Andamongindividualswhoenterteaching,thosewiththehighesttestscoresarethemostlikelytoleavetheprofessionearly.Thestudytakesintoconsiderationtheeffectsofanationwide20%realincreaseinteachersalariesduringthe1980s.Itconcludesthatithadnoappreciableeffectonoverallteacherquality,inlargepartbecauseschoolsdoapoorjobofrecruitingandselectingthebestteachers.Also,evenifhighersalariesluremorequalifiedcandidatesintotheprofession,theoveralleffectonqualitymaybeoffsetbymediocreteacherswhochoosetopostponeretirement.

Thestudyalsotakesaimatteachertraining.Everystaterequiresthatteachersbelicensed,aprocessthatcaninvolveuptotwoyearsofeducationclasses,evenforthosewhohaveauniversitydegreeoragraduatedegreeinthefieldtheywouldliketoteach.Inevitably,thissystemdoeslittletolureingraduatesoftopuniversitiesorprofessionalswhowouldliketoenterteachingatmid-career.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,thereasonwhycleverstudentsrefusetoentertheteachingprofessionisthat（）.

3.“Thedataarestriking:when...thebrightestindividualsshuntheteachingprofessionateveryjuncture”（inParagraph2）meansthat（）.

4.Increaseinteachersalariesdidnotturnoutsoeffectivemainlybecause（）.

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（）.

问题1选项

A.NEAisthelargestsocietyforteachers.

B.ThepayofAmericanteachersisbasedontheirperformance.

C.SometeachersintheU.S.arenotqualifiedenough.

D.Howmuchtheteachersarepaidisthemostimportantfactor.

问题2选项

A.itofferslowpay.

B.theyhaveinterestinotherprofessions.

C.itdoesnotvalueproductivity

D.itusespoorrecruitingstrategies

问题3选项

A.studentsdoingwellinstudyarewillingtotaketeachingasacareer

B.studentsdoingwellinstudycan’tavoidchoosingteachingasacareer

C.studentsdoingwellinstudyarereluctanttobeteachers

D.studentsdoingwellinstudyarenotreluctanttobeteachers

问题4选项

A.schoolsdidapoorjobofchoosingteachers

B.mediocreteachersalwayspostponeretirement

C.thesalarieswerenotattractiveenough

D.teachersdidn’thaveequalopportunities

问题5选项

A.trainingisnecessaryforthosewhowanttobecomeagoodteacher

B.thosewhowanttobecometeachersintheU.S.havetobelicensed

C.manygraduatesoftopuniversitieswouldliketoenterteaching

D.thereisannualincreaseinteachersalariesintheU.S.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段第二句话提到NEA,themainteacher’sunion，由此可知选项A的说法是错误的，可以排除；文章第二段第一句话thepayofAmericanpublicschoolteachersisnotbasedonanymeasureofperformance，由此可知选项B说法错误，可以排除；文章第一段最后一句话提到America’steachershasmoretodowithhowtheyarepaidratherthanhowmuch，由此可知选项D说法错误，可以排除。综上，选项C符合题意。

2.判断推理题。文章第二段提到有才华的老师可能擅长其他领域的职业，所以他们有强烈的动机离开教育行业，转而从事其他那些薪酬与生产效率挂钩的工作（sincethemosttalentedteachersarealsolikelytobegoodatotherprofessions,theyhaveastrongincentivetoleaveeducationforjobsinwhichpayismorecloselylinkedtoproductivity），这也说明教育行业的薪酬与生产效率无关，所以那些聪明学生并不愿意套入教育领域，选项C符合题意。

3.判断推理题。划线句子的大意是那些最聪明的学生并不愿意踏入教育领域，选项C“那些学习成绩好的学生不愿意成为教师”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。文章第三段提到becauseschoolsdoapoorjobofrecruitingandselectingthebestteachers，因此选项A符合题意。

5.细节事实题。文章倒数第一段提到everystaterequiresthatteachersbelicensed（每个州都要求老师有执照），选项B符合题意。

7.单选题

By1817theUnitedStatesConfesshad_______allinternaltaxesandwasrelyingontariffsonimportedgoodstoprovidesufficientrevenuestorunthegovernment.

问题1选项

A.allocated

B.distributed

C.eliminated

D.collected

【答案】C

【解析】allocated分配;distributed分发;eliminated忽略,除去;collected收集。句意：到1817年,美国承认取消了所有的国内税收,运行政府依靠进口商品的关税来提供足够的收入。选项C符合句意。

8.单选题

Itisour（

）policythatwewillachieveunitythroughpeacefulmeans.

问题1选项

A.consistent

B.continuous

C.considerate

D.continual

【答案】A

【解析】形近词辨析题。consistent始终如一的，坚持的；continuous连续的；considerate体贴的，考虑周到的；continual持续不断的，频繁的。

句意：通过和平的方式实现统一，这是我们一贯的政策。选项A符合句意。

9.单选题

Hepromisedmealetter;heoughtto______itdaysago.

问题1选项

A.havewritten

B.write

C.hadwritten

D.bewriting

【答案】A

【解析】考查时态。oughtto或should加不定式原形在时间上相当于动词的现在时；oughtto或should加不定式的完成时在时间上相当于动词的过去时或现在完成时。在本句中，时间状语daysago已经决定了句中的谓语动词一定是过去时，即oughttohavedonesomething，句意：他答应给我写封信；他几天前就该写了。因此A选项正确。

10.单选题

Thedrugsmust（

）ineverywaytothestandardssetupbythegovernment.

问题1选项

A.conform

B.confirm

C.comply

D.correspond

【答案】A

【解析】句意:药物必须符合政府设定的各项标准。

动词辨析。Conform符合,一般是conformto;confirm证实;comply顺从,遵守,一般是complywith;correspond符合，一致,后接to时表示“与…对应/相呼应”。分析题干结构可知ineveryway是表程度，空白处后而接的介词是to,并且整个部分需表示“符合，遵守”的意思，故答案选项为A。

11.单选题

Thisdocumentis（

）unlessitisofficiallystamped.

问题1选项

A.invalid

B.acute

C.deliberate

D.confidential

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。invalid“无效的”；acute“严重的”；deliberate“故意的”；confidential“机密的，保密的”。句意：这份文件除非有官方盖章，否则就是无效的。由后半句unless…这个条件可知A项正确。

12.单选题

YouhaveprobablyheardabouteliteuniversitiesofferingfreeonlinecoursesthroughCoursera.Injustthepastfewweeks,Courserahasadded12universities,includingPrinceton,DukeandJohnsHopkins.

Thecompany'swebsitesaysitsgoalisto“giveeveryoneaccesstotheworld-classeducationthathassofarbeenavailableonlytoaselectedfew’,andmuchofthenewscoveragehasfocusedonhowthiswilldemocratizelearning.TwoweeksafterCourseraannounceditsinitialroundofpartnerships,HarvardUniversityandtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyannouncedaplantoinvest$60millioninasimilarcourseplatformcallededX,andathirdcompany,Udacity,announcedthatittoowouldjointhefray.

Despitenearuniversalenthusiasmforsuchprojects,it’simportanttotakeafewstepsback.First,althoughthecontentisfreenow,it’sunlikelythatitwillremainthatwayforlong.AccordingtoCoursera’scontracts,boththecompanyandtheschoolsplantomakeaprofit―theyjusthaven’tfiguredoutthebestwaytodothatyet.Butmoreimportant,I’mconcernedthatcomputer-aidedinstructionwillactuallywidenthegapbetweenthefinanciallyandeducationallyprivilegedandeveryoneelse,insteadofcloseit.

Intermsoflearningonthecollegelevel,theDepartmentofEducation,lookedatthousandsofresearchstudiesfrom1996to2008andfoundthatinhighereducation,studentsrarelylearnedasmuchfromonlinecoursesastheydidintraditionalclasses.Infact,thereportfoundthatthebiggestbenefitofonlineinstruction,camefromalearningenvironmentthatcombinedtechnologywithtraditionalmethods,butwarnedthattheuptickhadmoretodowiththeincreasedamountofindividualizedinstructionstudentsgotinthatenvironment,notthepresenceoftechnology.Forallbutthebrightest,themoretimestudentsspendwithtraditionalinstruction,thebettertheyseemtodo.

SupportersofonlinelearningsaythatallanyoneneedstoaccessagreateducationisastableInternetconnection.Butonly35%ofhouseholdsearninglessthan$25,000havebroadbandaccesstotheInternet,comparedwith94%ofhouseholdswithincomemorethan$100,000.Inaddition,accordingtothe2010ReportonMobileAccess,onlyhalfofblackandLatinosprimarilyusethen-cellphonestoaccesstheInternet,amuchmoreexpensiveandless-than-idealmethodfortakingpartinonlineeducation.Inshortytheexplosionofthistypeofeducation,thoughfreenow,mayleavebehindthestudentswhoneededucationthemost.

It’snothardtounderstandwhythechancetowatchlectures,passtestsandevengetaformalcertificatefromaneliteschoolwouldstirexcitement.ButtherecentlyreleasedreportontheAmericanDreammakesclear,afour-yearcollegedegreeistheonlytypeofeducationalinterventionthatpromotesupwardmobilityfromthelower-middleclass.Ifwereallywanttodemocratizeeducation,findingcreativewaystorealisticallyopenupcollegestodifferentcommunitieswilldomoretohelpthanamodelthatismorebeneficialforstudentswhoarealreadywealthy,academicallypreparedandhighlymotivated.Weoughttomakesurethateveryonehasaccesstothesameopportunities,orwewillfurtherwidentheopportunitygapswemeantoclose.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromtheresearchstudiesfrom1996to2008inparagraphfourthatinonlineinstruction,（

）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingisNotthereasonwhycomputer-aidedinstructionwillactuallywidentheeducationalgap?

3.Theauthorconcludesthatifwewanttodemocratizeeducation,weshould

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sdevelopmentofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.studentscanbenefitthemostfromthepresenceoftechnology

B.whatmattersistheincreasedamountofindividualizedinstruction

C.studentscanlearnmorecomparedwithintraditionalone

D.themoretimetheclevereststudentsspend,thehigherscorestheyget

问题2选项

A.Companiesandschoolswanttomakeaprofitfromonlinecourses.

B.Onlineinstruction,won'thelpstudentsasmuchastraditionalclasses.

C.NoteveryonehastheequalaccesstoInternetconnection.

D.It’sunrealistictoprovideonlinecoursestopeoplefromdifferentcommunities.

问题3选项

A.attendlectures,andgetacollegedegreehian.eliteschool

B.signupforvariousonlinecoursesandgetaformalcertificate

C.establishcollegesforstudentsofdifferentbackgroundscreativelyandrealistically

D.guaranteethathighlymotivatedstudentshavethesameopportunityasothers.

问题4选项

A.Introducingtheissue---raisinghisownpointofview---offeringreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatus---citingwaystodealwiththeissue.

B.Citingwaystodealwiththeissue---offeringreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatus---raisinghisownpointofview---introducingtheissue.

C.Raisinghisownpointofview---citingwaystodealwiththeissue---offeringreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatus---introducingtheissue.

D.Raisinghisownpointofview---introducingtheissue---citingwaystodealwiththeissue---offeringreasonsanddescribingtheactualstatus.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

【解析】1.根据文章第四段‘inhighereducation,studentsrarelylearnedasmuchfromonlinecoursesastheydidintraditionalclasses.Infact,thereportfoundthatthebiggestbenefitofonlineinstruction,camefromalearningenvironmentthatcombinedtechnologywithtraditionalmethods,butwarnedthattheuptickhadmoretodowiththeincreasedamountofindividualizedinstructionstudentsgotinthatenvironment,notthepresenceoftechnology.Forallbutthebrightest,themoretimest