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2022年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(一)试卷(课程代码00012)第一部分:阅读判断(第1~10题,每题1分,共10分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,选择C。在答题纸相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。WhyILoveMyJobRossisapublicschoolteacher.Sheteachesagroupof,mostly,seniorsandsheloveswhatshedoes.
"Myjobisgreat,"shesaid."Thatistheonlywaytodescribeit.Asteachers,wehavetheopportunitytocompletelychangesomeone'slifebyprovidinghimorherwithagoodeducation."
RossmovedtoAustinin1981toattendtheUniversityofTexas.Sheearnedadegreeinmath.Sincehergraduation,shehasenjoyedteachinghighschoolstudentsinTexasfornearly30years.Overtheyears,shehastaughteverylevelofhighschoolmath.
"I'vealwaystaughthighschoolstudents,"shesaid."Iliketheirenergy,andIenjoyteachingseniorsbecausetheyaregettingreadytomoveon."
Rossalsobelievesteachinghelpsherkeepabalancebetweenworkandlife.Ithasallowedhertohavethesameworkscheduleasherchildren'sschoolschedule.Whenhersonswereyounger,sheworkedduringthedaywhilehermusicianhusbandworkedatnight.Sodaycarewasneveraproblem.Todayhertwoboyssharethesamedailyscheduleandthesamewinter,springandsummervacationswithher.
Teachingbringsotherbenefits,too.Entry-levelsalariesofteachersarecompetitivewithotherfields.Teachersarealsoofferedgoodretirementbenefitsandinsurance.“Duetobadeconomy,veryfewplacesofferapensionnowandteachingisoneofthem,"shesaid.1.Rossbelievesthatgoodeducationcanchangeaperson'slife.(A)A、trueB、falseC、NotGiven2.RosshasbeenteachinginAustinsince1981.(B)A、trueB、falseC、NotGiven3.Rossisabletoteacheverylevelofhighschoolmath.(A)A、trueB、falseC、NotGiven4.Rossisoneofthemostpopularteachersinherhighschool.(C)A、trueB、falseC、NotGiven5.Rossenjoysteachinghighschoolstudents.(A)A、trueB、falseC、NotGiven6.Ross'husbandusedtohaveaday-timejobwhentheirsonswereyounger.(B)A、trueB、falseC、NotGiven7.Ross'twosonsareinterestedinmusic.(C)A、trueB、falseC、NotGiven8.Rossoftengoestravelingwithhersonsduringtheirvacations.(C)A、trueB、falseC、NotGiven9.Newteachersearnmuchlessthanbeginnersinotherfields.(B)A、trueB、falseC、NotGiven10.Becauseofbadeconomy,teachersarelosingtheirpensions,too.(B)A、trueB、falseC、NotGiven第二部分:阅读选择(第11~15题,每题2分,共10分)阅读下面短文,请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项,并在答题纸相应位置上将该项涂黑。AlbertEinsteinAlbertEinsteinwasafamousscientist.Hecreatedmanytheoriesthatcompletelychangedthewaypeoplesawourworldandtheuniverse.Atfirst,veryfewscientistscouldunderstandhistheories.Astimepassed,otherscientistscametoacceptthem.
EinsteinwasborninUlm,Germanyin1879andgrewupinMunich.Hewasnotagoodstudentatschool.Heonlydidthingshewasinterestedin,likescienceandmath.
Afterschool,EinsteinwenttoSwitzerlandandworkedattheSwisspatent(专利)officeinBern.Hestudiedwhatotherpeoplehadinvented.LaterhemovedtoBerlin,Germany.Helivedthereforalongtimeanddevelopedmanyofhisscientifictheories.HewontheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1921.
In1933,HitlerandtheNaziscametopowerinGermany.EinsteinwasagainsttheNazisandtheirideas.HedecidedtoleaveGermanyandgotoAmerica.WhenWorldWarⅡbrokeoutin1939,EinsteindiscoveredthatGermanscientistswereworkingonabomb.Thebombcouldkillthousandsofpeople.HewrotealettertotheAmericanpresidenttowarnhim.HealsosuggestedthattheAmericansstartbuildingone,too.
In1942,theAmericangovernmentstartedaprojecttobuildtheatomicbomb.TwoofthesebombsweredroppedtoendthewaragainstJapan.Einsteinwasshockedwhenheheardthenews.Hewantedatomicenergytobringpeacetotheworld.
Forthelasttwentyyearsofhislife,EinsteinlivedinPrinceton.Hecontinuedhisscientificworkthere.HediedonApril18,1955.
11.WhatcanweknowaboutEinsteininhischildhood?(D)A、HewasborninMunich,Germany.B、Hewasastraight-Astudentatschool.C、Hewasaskedtoleaveschool.D、Hewasinterestedinsciencesubjects.12.InwhichcountrydidEinsteindevelopmanyofhistheories?(C)A、Switzerland.B、America.C、Germany.D、Japan.13.EinsteindecidedtoleavefortheUnitedStatesbecausehe___A___.A、wasopposedtotheNazisB、couldfindabetterjobthereC、wantedtogetawayfromwarsD、wasinvitedbytheUSgovernment14.WhenEinsteinlearnedaboutthebombsdroppedonJapan,hefelt___B___.A、excitedB、surprisedC、satisfiedD、confused15.WhatcanbeinferredaboutEinsteinfromthepassage?(D)A、HehadmanyfollowerswhenhewasinSwitzerland.B、HeearnedaNobelPrizeafterWorldWarII.C、HespenthislatedaysinGermany.D、Hewasapeace-lovingperson.第三部分∶概括段落大意和补全句子(第16~25题,每题1分,共10分)
阅读下面短文,请完成短文后的2项测试任务∶(1)从第16~20题后所给的6个选项中为第①~⑥段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)从第21~25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
JungleHighway
①CentralBrazilhasbeeninvaded(入侵)byengineersandconstructionworkers.TheyhavecutthroughtheAmazonjungletobuildanewroadacrossBrazil.
②ThenewroadiscalledtheTrans-AmazonHighway.ItlinksthecitiesofBrazil'seastcoastwithanotherhighwaythatstretchestothePacific.ThehighwayconnectscitiesalloverBrazilwithnewsettlementsincentralBrazil.
③Braziliansarebothhopefulandanxiousaboutthehighwayproject.ThelandofnortheasternBrazilisdry.Itisdifficultforthepeopletogrowenoughfoodormakeenoughmoney.Theyexpectthenewhighwaytoprovidenewfarmlandandmanyjobs.Theyalsoexpectnewtownsandcitiestodevelopalongthehighway.TheybelievepeoplewillmovefromthecoastalcitiesandhelpdevelopcentralBrazil.
④ThehighwayisagreatchallengetoBrazilianengineering.Hugecuttingmachinesareusedtoclearawaythickjunglegrowth.Thereareotherchallenges,too.Workershavetodealwithheavyrains,bitinginsects,diseasesandloneliness.Theydonotbringtheirfamilieswiththem.Theyoftenmisstheirfamiliesandfriendsathome.
⑤Ecologists(生态学家)areworriedaboutproblemsthenewhighwayhasbrought.Therainforesthasonlyathinlayer(层)ofrichsoil.Thislayerhasbeenprotectedbytalltreesandfedbydeadleavesandplants.Butconstructionisdestroyingtheforest.Thetreeshavebeenclearedawaytomakeroomfortheroadandnewsettlements.Ecologistsbelievetherewillbenogoodfarmland.Already,someareasofthejunglehaveturnedintodryanddustydeserts.
Task1
16.Paragraph①:
17.Paragraph②:
18.Paragraph③:
19.Paragraph④:
20.Paragraph⑤:
A.Descriptionofthehighway
B.Difficultiesoftheproject
C.InvasionoftheAmazonjungle
D.Lifeinthejungle
E.Ecologists'worries
F.Brazilians'expectations
Task2
21.Treesinthejunglehavebeencut_____.
22.PeopleinnortheasternBrazilexpectthehighway_____.
23.Brazilianshopethat_____.
24.Roadworkersoftenfeellonelybecause_____.
25.Ecologistsareworriedthat_____.
A.tomakeroomforahighwayproject
B.centralBrazilwillbedeveloped
C.theyleavetheirfamiliesbehind
D.theforestisdestroyed
E.peoplewillsufferfrommorediseases
F.tobringthemmoremoney答案:C
17.A
18.F
19.B
20.E
21.A
22.F
23.B
24.C
25.D第四部分∶填句补文(第26~30题,每题2分,共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白,短文后有6个句子,其中5个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌,并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。First-bornChildrenHowdofirst-bornchildrendifferfromlater-bornchildren?Hundredsofexperimentshaveshownthattheeldestchildtendstobemorecareful,moreeagerforsuccess,andmoreanxious.26_______Heavoidsdangeroussportslikefootballandsoccer.
Onethingseemscertain:first-bornshaveagoodstartinlife.Theyarenomoreintelligent.Buttheyarebetterreadersaschildren.Theydobetterinhighschool.Theygetbettergradesonschooltests.Morefirst-bornsgotocollegesandgraduateschools.27_______Theydominate(占优势)ingraduateschools.Theyaccountformorethanathirdofdoctors,lawyersandcollegeprofessors.Morefirst-bornsbecomefamouspeopleintheworld.
Onereasonfordifferencesbetweenolderandyoungerchildrenisthatparentstreatthemdifferently.Manyparentsusuallyfavortheeldestbecauseeverythinghedoesisanovelty(新奇).First-bornstendtobebreast-fedlonger.Theyarephotographedendlessly.28_______First-bornsarealsogivenmoreresponsibilitybecausethemotherneedsthemtohelpwiththeyoungerones.
29_______Sometimesitissimplybecausefamiliescannotaffordtosendmorethanonechildtocollege.
30_______Thefirst-bornchildprovidesthefirstvehiclebywhichparentscancontinuetheirownidentitiesandrealizetheirhopesanddreams.Allinall,itseemsthatfirst-bornsarenotonlyteachers'pets,butparents'petsaswell.
A.Heisalsomoresensitivetopain.
B.Manyparentssimplyexpectmoreofthefirstchild.
C.Theyaccountfor66%ofthestudentsintopUSuniversities.
D.Later-bornshavevaluablequalitiesthatmanyfirst-bornslack.
E.Butlater-bornsareluckytoappearingrouppictures.
F.Incertaincultures,theeldestshouldenjoyspecialeducationaladvantages.答案A
27.C
28.E
29.F
30.B第五部分∶填词补文(第31~40题,每题1.5分,共15分)
下面的短文有10处空白,短文后列出12个词,其中10个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌。BuildingTrustinTeamworkTrustisimportantforteamwork.Teensmustlearntotrusteachothertoworktowardsacommon31_______.
Foroneactivity,puttheteensinto32_______.Oneisblindfolded(蒙住眼睛).Useringsto33_______mines(地雷)inacertainarea.Theseeingpartnerstandsonthe34_______sideofthefield.Hemustdirecthispartneracrosstheminefieldsafely.Thepointistoseehow35_______theirchosenformofcommunicationis.
Foranotheractivity,36_______thewholegroupanun-assembled(未组装的)tent.TellthemtheyareinAntarcticaand37_______survivedasnowstorm.Theteamleaderhashishandshurtandcannot38_______.Halftheteamhavebeenblindedby39_______andtheotherhalfhavelosttheirvoices.Theymustwork40_______,listentotheirleaderandtrusteachothertoquicklyputthetenttogetherforsurvival.
A.barely
B.Effective
C.effot
Dgive
E.goal
F.help
G.opposite
H.pairs
I.represent
J.snow
K.difficult
L.together答案E
32.H
33.I
34.G
35.B
36.D
37.A
38.F
39.J
40.L第六部分∶完形补文(第41~50题,每题1.5分,共15分)
下面的短文有10处空白,每处空白后的括号内有一个词,请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中,以恢复文章原貌。
TheOriginofBirthdayCake
Thewordsfor"cake"and"bread"werepractically(practical)thesameinearlyEurope.Theonly41_______________(differ)wasthatcakesweresweet.Inthe15thcentury,42_______________(baker)cameupwiththeideaof43_______________(sell)cakesforpeople'sbirthdaysandtheirweddings.Sincethecakeswere44_______________(usual)usedforthebirthdaysofyoungchildren,thesecelebrationswere45_______________(refer)toaschildren'sfestival.Duringthisperiod,peoplebegantoputnewingredients(成分)intocakestomakethem46_______________(sweet)andlessbread-like.
Duringthe17thcentury,birthdaycakeswerealuxury(奢侈品).Onlythevery47_______
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