高二英语会考专项：形容词和副词讲义

专题六形容词与副词【形容词与副词概念】形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。形容词与副词

比较级,最高级:构成：形容词、副词比较级和最高级的有规则变化和不规则变化两种规则变化如下表：构成方法原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er或-estlongtalllongertallerlongesttallest以字母-e结尾的词，加-r或-stlargenicelargernicerlargestnicest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先变y为i，再加-er或-estbusyheavyfunnyearlybusierheavierfunnierearlierbusiestheaviestfunniestearliest重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母结尾时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-estbighotfatbiggerhotterfatterbiggesthottestfattest多音节和部分双音节词在原级前加more或mostusefulbeautifulquicklyslowlymore

usefulmore

beautifulmore

quicklymore

slowlymost

usefulmost

beautifulmost

quicklymost

slowly2.不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstlittlelessleastmany/muchmoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest二．形容词、副词比较级和最高级的常用句型1.原级as+形容词/副词原级+as和一样否定：notas/so+形容词/副词原级和不一样2.比较级①比较级+than②the+比较级，the+比较级③比较级+and+比较级④the+比较级+ofthetwo“两者中较的”⑤比较级前可用much，even，still，far,alittle,alot,byfar,3.最高级①the+最高级+比较范围“...之中最...”②oneofthe+最高级+可数复数+比较范围“中最之一”③序数词+最高级4.倍数的表达①倍数+as+原级+名词+as②倍数+比较级+than③倍数+the+名词（size，length，height，weight，width等）+of④倍数+what从句=倍数+thatof三、兼有两种形式的副词hardhardlyhard刻苦地；猛烈地困难地；坚硬地Hestudiesveryhard.It’sveryhardformetosolvethemathproblem.hardly几乎不；否定副词Wehardlyhavetimetoeatbreakfast.highhighlyhigh高的；地位高；声音高It’sahighbuilding.Theplaneflieshigh.highly非常（常和praise，speak等词连用）Theyspokeveryhighlyofhim.deepdeeplydeep"深的；深深地"，表示空间深度Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.

deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地；深刻地；深沉地；”+形容词或过去分词与hate，dislike，regret，admire，love，value等动词连用Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.Ideeplyregrethisdeath.Iamdeeplygratefultoyou.latelatelylate迟；晚Youhavecometoolate.lately最近；近来（同recently）aslateas=aslatelyas“近至；直到”Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?Isawhimaslate(lately)asyesterday.nearnearlynear在附近Thetraincamenearerandnearer.nearly几乎；差不多Itisnearlyteno’clock.closecloselyclose靠近；挨近；接近Heissittingclosetome.closely紧密地；仔细地；严密地Watchhimclosely.

Wefollowedcloselyafterhim.mostmostlymost最；非常It’samostinterestingbookihaveeverread.mostly主要地；一般地It’samostinterestingbookihaveeverread.widewidelywide宽的，广阔的Heopenedthedoorwide.widely广泛地，普遍地Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.freefreely免费的；自由的Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike.无限制地Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.四、以ly结尾的形容词：表示时间hourly，daily，nightly，weekly，monthly，quarterly，yearly，early，timely表示人manly，womanly，wifely，fatherly，childly表示人的外貌、特征、性格、心理等lovely，friendly，lively，kindly，sickly，poorly，lonely，ugly，elderly，homely表示事物特征、环境、情况、状态likely，orderly，costly，deadly，mannerly，chilly，disorderly，【达标测试】一．单句语法填空1．Itis_________(reason)toassumethatheknewbeforehandthatthiswouldhappen.2．Successdoesn’tonlydependonwhatyoudo.Whatyoudon’tdois_________(equal)important.3．I________(mere)suggestedyoushoulddoitagain.There'snoneedtogetannoyed.4．Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris_________(clean)thanever.5．I'vebeenwritingthisreport___________(occasion)forthelasttwoweeks,butithastobehandedintomorrow.6．Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled________(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.7．Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,buthefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”________(high)．8．Wedranktogetherandtalked________(merry)tillfarintothenight.9．Gamesareoften__________(excite)anddramatic,buttheygenerallyaren'tveryintellectual.10．Seatedinacomfortablechair,listeningtothepeacefulmusic,you'llbebroughtintoa________(relax)stateofmind.11．Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir_________(nature)course.12．“Howmuchisadishofplainicecream？”heasked.Somepeoplewerenowwaitingforherserviceandthewaitressgrewabit_________(patience).“Thirty­fivecents”，shesaid_________(rude)．13．HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaid_________(sharp),"Don’tbesomean,"pointingafingerofwarningather.14．I’mso________(gratitude)toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmyterribledayendhappily.15．Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich________(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.二、单句改错1．IwassomuchnervousthatIcouldhardlytellwhichdirectionwasleft.2．Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.3．ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleontheroad.4．Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterthevegetablestogether.5．Ienjoyedstudyingdifferentkindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.6．Instead,hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.7．Atonetime,Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn’tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.8．Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.9．ThedisheswhatIcookedwereMom’sfavoritest.10．Lotsofstudieshaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.三、语篇填空(用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文)WhenaplanefromLondonarrivedatSydneyairport,workersbegantounloadanumberof1.________(wood)boxeswhichcontainedclothing.Noonecouldaccountforthefactthatoneoftheboxeswas2.________(extreme)heavy.It3.________(sudden)occurredtooneoftheworkerstoopenupthebox.Hewas4.________(astonish)atwhathefound.Amanwaslyingintheboxontopofapileof5.________(wool)goods.Hewas6.________surprisedatbeingdiscoveredthathedidnoteventrytorunaway.Afterhewasarrested,themanadmittedhiding7.________(silent)intheboxbeforetheplaneleftLondon.Hehadhadalongand8.________(comfort)trip,forhehadbeenconfined(关在)tothewoodenbox9.________(secret)forovereighteenhours.Themanwasorderedtopay￡3,500forthecostofthetrip,whichwas10.________expensivethanthenormalprice,whichonlycost￡2,000.会考模拟题：1.ZhaozhouBridgeisoneof______stonebridgesintheworld.A.oldB.olderC.oldestD.theoldest2.Thisstreetismuch______thanthatone.A.thewidestB.widestC.wideD.wider3.Whata___boy,Heworkedoutsuchadifficultmathproblem.A.strongB.kindC.lazyD.clever4.BecausepeoplecanfindinformationontheInternet,knowledgespreads_____.A.nearlyB.hardlyC.loudlyD.quickly5.Paulisn’tas____asSandy.Heoftenmakesmistakesinhishomework.A.carelessB.morecarefulC.morecarelessD.careful6.Xi'anisoneof_______capital______inChina.A.older;cityB.theolder;cityC.oldest;citiesD.theoldest;cities7.Daviddoesn'tlikefilms.Andhe____goestothecinema.A.oftenB.usuallyC.seldomD.recently8._____childrenthereareinafamily,____theirlifewillbe.A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterC.Fewer:richerD.More;poorer9.ThemoreyoulistentoEnglish,______you