2019上海奉贤区高三二模英语及答案

2018学年奉贤区调研测试高三英语试卷（201904）高三英语试卷（201904）命题人：张伟、范丹华、钟爱群考生注意:考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上,做在试卷上律不得分。答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA.youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Atanairport.Inanoffice,Atapolicestation.Atatravelagency.A.Downjacketsarenowonsale,Shecan'twaitforthewintertoarrive.It'shardtoknowhowseverethewinterwillbeSheneedsawarmjacket.A.Learningtodrive.Buyingtheinsurance.BuyingacarTakingaplane,A.Eriewon'teatvegetablewithoutmeatEriclikesbothvegetableandmeatSomemeatwillsolveEric'sproblemEricisshortofvegetable.A.HeisinvasiveHeisheroicHeislife-threateningDHeisawkwardA.Reviewsofthecomedyarenegative.Thereactiontothecomedyisvaried.Thereviewofthenewspaperisonesided.Mediaareprejudicedagainstthecomedy.A.Deliverthepackageinperson.PickupthepackageatthepostofficeAsktohavethepackagedeliveredtohishomeFindouttheopeninghoursofthepostofficeA.Ithasn'tbeengraded.Itreceivedalowgrade.ThecommitteeisdiscussingitThewomanhasn'thandeditin.A.HehasbeentoSeattlemanytines.Hehaschairedalotofconferences.Heholdsahighpositioninhiscompany.HelivedinSeattleformanyyears.A.Itistoolateforthemantogotothetheatre.Peoplehavealreadybeenstandinginlinefortwohours.Themanmustwaitfortwohourstobuytheticket.Themancanbuyaspecialticketbeforethedramastarts.SectionBDirections:InScionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhavebeard.QuestionsIIthrough13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Theyaregardeners.Theysellvegetables.Theyrunaguesthouse:Theyarescientists.A.Fivehours.Eighthours.Twelvehours.Fourteenhours.A.Theyhavedeeperroots.BTheydon'tneedsunshineTheyhavewiderleaves.'Theyhavebiggerflowers.Questions14throughl6arebasedonthefollowingnews.A.Itisproducedinsmallquantities.ItissoldatalowerpriceItisservedmainlyinMcDonald's.Itisgrownfromcowsalone,A.Thelandandthewatersystemhavebeenpollutedseriously.Notenoughmeathasbeenproducedtomeetpeople'sneedsMuchlandhasbeenusedupforanimalsandtheirfood.IthasconsumedfewerandfewernaturalresourcesA.SteaksandhamburgersAnimalrights.Thefoodcrisisinthefuture.Lab-grownmeat.Questions17through20arebasedo0thefollowingconversationA.HeisanEnglishmanlivinginSweden.HeprefershotweathertocoldweatherHevisitsLondonnearlyeverywinter.HelikesSwedenbetterthanEngland.A.ThelongnightThebadweather.ThegloomywinterThecoldhousesA.Delightful.B.Refreshing.C.PainfulD.FrustratingA.Theyworkhardandplayhard,Theyoftenstayuplatereading.TheyliketogocompinginsummerTheytrytoearnmoreandspendmore,ILGrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.HowtoMaketheMostofYOurLunchHourShouldyougrababiteatyourdeskoreatwithyourcollThatdependsonwhat'sonyouragendafortherestoftheday.Lunchhours(21)(get)shorterandshorterandevendisappearinginsomepartsoftoday'sworkingworld.Withfeweremployees(22)(ask)toaccomplishmoreinaday,manyAmericanstreatlunchnotasabreakbutasjustanothertasktosqueezeintoanalreadyover-bookedday.Butdoquickmealsatthedeskactuallyimproveproductivityovermoreleisurelymeals?Theresearchersonlystudied32employees,sothefindingsaredebatable.Butwhentheyassignedonegrouptoeatattheirdesksandanothertodinewithacolleagueatarestaurant,theyfoundthosewhoatelunchtogethershowedadecline(23)theirperformanceontestshatmeasuredconcentration,memoryandtheabilitytocatcherrorsandreademotionsinfacialexpressionsfollowinglunchthanbeforelunch.Bothgroupsatethesamemeals,butthosewhoatetheirfoodalonewereonlygiven20minutestoconsumetheirfood,(24)thepairedparticipantswereallowedonehourintherestaurant.Thosewhoatealonedidnothaveaslargeadropintheircognitiveprocessingasthosewhoateintherestaurant.Whatwasresponsibleforthechange?Thereweretoomanyvariablesatplaytodeterminewhichhadthestrongestinfluenceoncognitivecontrol--wasitthecompanionshiportherestaurantenvironment(25)otherdinnerswerepresent,musicwasplayedandthemealwasservedbywaitstaff,orwasitthelongertimetoenjoythemeal?(26)factorwasresponsible,thegroupthattookarestaurantlunchbreakcamebackmorerelaxed,saytheauthors,andthatlikelyaffectedtheircognitivesharpness.Sharingamealoutsidetheofficewithafiendappearstohavea(27)(calm)effect,andwhileitreducesintellectualskills,itmaydevelopsocialharmonyandteamwork,which(28)beanimportantfeatureofsomeworktasks."Butdon'tfeelsorryforthelonehunger.Itturnsout(29)sincetheywereabletomaintaintheircognitiveskillsfollowingthemeal,theymightbeinabetterposition(30)(think)creativelyforprojectsthatrequiremoreinnovativesolutionsorapproaches.SectionBDirection:Fillineachblankwith,aproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.involvingB.distinguishC.adaptedF.gainsG.partiallyH.amazingD.tailoredE.mediumI.definitelyJ.steerK.implicationsGenesThatMakeYouSmarterThecontributionsgenesmaketointelligenceincreaseaschildrengrowolder.Thisgoesagainsttheideamostpeopleholdthatasweage,environmentalinfluencesgraduallyoverpowerthegeneticlegacy(财产)wearebornwithandmayhave(31)foreducation"“Peopleassumethegeneticinfluencegoesdownwithagebecausetheenvironmentaldifferencesbetweenpeoplepileupinlife,"saysRobertPlomin.“Whatwefoundwasquite(32)andgoesintheotherdirection."Previousstudieshaveshownvariationsinintelligenceare(33)duetogenetics.Tofindoutwhetherthisgeneticcontributionvarieswithage,Plomin'steamgathereddatafromsixseparatestudiescarriedoutin4countries,(34)atotalof1100pairsoftwins.'Theresearcherstestedtwinsonreasoning,arithmeticsetc.tomeasureaquantitycalled"G".Eachstudyalsoincludedbothidenticaltwins,withthesamegenes,andfraternaltwins(异卵双生),sharingabouthalftheirgenes,makingitpossibleto(35)thecontributionsofgenesandenvironmenttotheirGscores.Plomin'steamcalculatedinchildhood,genesaccountforabout41percentofthevariationsinintelligence.Inadolescence,thisroseto55percent;,byyoungadolescence,itwas66percentNOone(36)knowswhytheinfluencefromgenesshouldincreasewithage,butPlominsuggeststhataschildrengetolder,theybecomebetterathandlingtheirenvironmenttosuittheirgeneticneeds,andsays“kidswithwithhighGwillusetheirenvironmenttodevelopcognitiveabilityandchoosefriendswhoarelike-minded.Childrenwith(37)tolowGmaychooselesschallengingpastimesandactivities,furtheremphasizingtheirgeneticlegacy.Isthereanywaytointerferewiththepattern?Perhaps.Theevidenceofstrongheritability(遗传可能性)doesn'tmeanthatthereisnothingyoucandoaboutit."saysSusanneJaeggi,“fromourownwork,theonesthatstartedoffwithlowerIQscoreshadhigher(38)training.Plominsuggestsgeneticdifferencesmaybemoreemphasizedifallchildrenshareanidenticalcurriculuminsteadofitbeing(39)tochildren'snaturalabilities.Mytendencywouldbetogiveeveryoneagoodeducation,butputmoreeffortintothelowerend."hesays.IntelligenceresearchersPaulThompsonagrees:Itshows.thateducatorsneedto(40)adstowardsthingsdrawingouttheirnaturaltalents.皿・ReadingComprehensionSectionADirection:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Opendata-sharersarestillintheminorityinmanyfields.Althoughmanyresearchersbroadlyagreethatpublicaccesstorawdatawouldpromotescience,mostare(41)toposttheresultsoftheirownlaboursonline.Somecommunitieshaveagreedtoshareonline-geneticists,forexample,postDNAsequencesattheGenBankrepository(库).andastronomersareaccustomedto(42)imagesofgalaxiesandstarsfrom,say,theSloanDigitalSkySurvey,atelescopethathasobservedsome500millionobjects-buttheseremainthe(43)nottherule.Historically,scientistshave(44)sharingformanyreasons:itisalotofwork,untilrecently,gooddatabasesdidnotexist:grantfunderswerenotpushingforsharing;ithasbeendifficulttoagreeonstandardsforformattingdata,andthereisnoagreedwaytoassigncreditfordata.Butthe(45)aredisappearinginpartbecausejournalsandfundingagenciesworldwideareencouragingscientiststomaketheirdata(46).Lastyear,theRoyalSocietyinLondonsaidinitsreportthatscientistsneedto.(47)aresearchculturewheredataisviewedasprivatepreserve".Fundingagenciesnotethatdatapaidforwithpublicmoneyshouldbepublicinformation.andthescientificcommunityisrecognizingthatdatacannowbesharedonlineinwaysthatwerenotpossiblebefore.Tomatchthegrowingdemand,servicesarespringinguptomakeiteasiertopublishresearchproducts(48)andenableotherresearcherstodiscoverandcite(弓丨用)them.Althoughcallstosharedataoftenconcentrateonthe(49)advantagesofsharing,thepracticeisnotpurelybeneficialtoothers.Researcherswhosharegetplentyofpersonalbenefitsincludingmoreconnectionswithcolleagues.improved(50)andincreasedcitations.Themostsuccessfulsharers-thosewhosedataaredownloadedandcitedthemostoften-getnoticed,andtheirworkgetsused.(51)oneofthemostpopulardatasetsonmultidisciplinaryrepositoryDryadisaboutwooddensityaroundtheworld:ithasbeen5700times.Co-authorAmyZannethinksthatusersprobablyrangefromclimate-changeresearcherswantingtoestimatehowmuchcarbonisstoredinbiomass,toforesterslookingforinformationondifferentgradesoftrees.I'dmuchprefertohavemydateusedbythenumberofpeopletoastheirownquestions,"shesays.It'simportanttoallowreadersandreviewerstoseeexactlyhowyouarriveatyourresults.Publishingdataandcodeallowsyoursciencetobe(54).Evenpeoplewhosedataarelesspopularcanbenefit.Bymakingtheefforttoorganizeand1abelfilessootherscanunderstandthem,scientistscanbecomemoreorganizedandbetterdisciplinedthemselves,thusavoiding(55)lateron.41.A.restrictedB.reluctantC.desperateD.generous42.A.accessingB.processingC.analyzingD.identifying43.A.assumptionB.mysteryC.exceptionD.phenomenon44.A.longedforB.appealedtoC.focusedonD.objectedto45.A.symptomsB.barriersC.advantagesD.consequences46.A.controllableB.uniqueC.reliableD.public47.A.shiftawayfromB.endupwithC.giverisetoD.buildup48.A.secretB.digitallyC.ethicallyD.fairly49.A.materia1B.individualC.moralD.economic50.A.visibilityB.awarenessC.conditionD.confidence51.A.OnthecontraryB.AsaresultC.ForexampleD.Afterall52.A.downloadedB.updatedC.optimizedD.addressed53.A.moderateBmaximumC.averageD.estimated54.A.reversibleB.profitableC.reproducibleD.recognizable55.A.cris^sB.confusionC.riskD.conflictSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.AItwas1961andIwasinthefifthgrade.Mymarksinschoolweremiserableand,thethingwas,1didn'tknowenoughtoreallycare.MyolderbrotherandIlivedwithMominahumblehouseinDetroit.WewatchedTVeverynight.ButonedayMomchangedourworldforever.SheturnedofftheTV.Ourmotherhadonlybeenabletogetthroughthirdgrade.But,shewasmuchbrighterandsmarterthanweboysknowatthetime.Shehadnoticedsomethinginthesuburbanhousesshecleaned--books.Soshecamehomeoneday,snappedoftheTV,satusdownandexplainedthathersonsweregoingtomakesomethingofthemselves,.Youboysaregoingtoreadtwobookseveryweek,"shesaid."Andyou'regoingtowriteareportonwhatyouread."Wecomplainedabouthowunfairitwas.Besides,wedidn'thaveanybooksinthehouseotherthanMomsBible.Butsheexplainedthatwewouldgowherethebookswere:"I'lldriveyoutothelibrary.'Soprettysoontherewerethesetwopeevishboyssittinginherwhite1959OldsmobileontheirwaytoDetroitPublicLibrary.Iwanderedreluctantlyamongthe.Ichloivleddren'sbooksanimals,sowhenIsawsomebooksthatseemedtobeaboutanimals,Istartedleafingthroughthem.ThefirstbookIreadclearthroughwasChiptheDamBuilder.Itwasaboutbeavers.ForthefirsttimeinmylifeIwaslostinanotherworld.Notelevisionprogramhadevertakenmesofarawayfrommysurroundingsasdidthisvirtuevisittoacoldstreaminaforestandtheseanimalsbuildingahome.Itdidn'tdawnonmeatthetime,buttheexperiencewasquitedifferentfromwatchingTV.Therewereimagesforminginmymindinsteadofbeforemyeyes.AndIcouldreturntothemagainandagainwiththeflipofapage.SoonIbegantolookforwardtovisitingthisquietsanctuaryformmyotherworld.NowmyolderbrotherisanengineerandIamadoctor.SometimesIstillcan'tbelievemylife'sjourney,fromafailingandindifferentstudentinaDetroitpublicschooltothisposition,whichtakesmeallovertheworldtoteachandperformcriticalsurgery.ButIknowwhenthejourneybeganthedayMomswitchedofftheTVsetandputusinherOldsmobileforthatdrivetothelibrary.Wecanlearnfromthebeginningofthepassagesthat.AtheauthorandhisbrotherhaddonewellinschooltheauthorhadbeenveryconcernedaboutbisschoolworktheauthorhadspentmuchtimewatchingTVafterschooltheauthorhadrealizedhowimportantschoolwasAccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor'smother?Tolerantanddecisive.aggressiveandopen-minded.Determinedandfarsighted.Persistentandliterate.Theunderlinedword"peevish"inthepassagecanbereplacedby.naughtyB.bad-temperedC.patientD.obedientTheauthorbegantolovebooksforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat.hecouldconstantlyreviewtheplotsinthebookshecouldvisualizewhathereadinbismindhecouldgetmanyrewardsfromhismotherherealizedthatbooksofferedhimnewexperienceBNANCYDREWANDTHEHIDDENSTAIRCASE(PG)Age10+Sparklingbookadaptationhasgreatcharacters,somescares.NancyDrewandtheHiddenStaircase"isbasedonaclassic1930NaneyDrewmysterybookandisaimedattensandyoungten.Althoughthestoryinvolvespoliticallymotivatedkidnappingandasupposedlyhauntedhouse,thescariestmomentisduringwhatturnsouttobeamodeldreamsequence.Positivemessagesincludecourageandteamwork,andstrongrole(mostlyfemale)areatthecenteroftheaction(89minutes)WONDERPARK(PG)Age8+Imaginativebutintenseadventuredealswithworryandfear"WonderPark"isinanimatedadventureaboutanimaginativegirlnamedJune(voicedbyBriannaDenski),who'sspentyearsdreamingupamagicalamusementparknamedWonderlandwithhermom(JenniferGranner).Youcanexpectplentyofactions(includingexplosionsandperils),aswellastheloomingpresenceofworryandsadness,sinceJuneisdealingwiththefactthathermomhasaseriousillness.Thefilmcelebratesimagination,curiosityandperseverance,anditunderlinestheimportancenotlettingfearstopyoufrombeingyourselfanddoingwhatyoulove.(93minutes)CAPTIVESTATE(PG-13)Age14+Dark,disconnectedbutsmartalieninvasionmovie"CaptiveState"isanalien-invasionmoviesetinafutureChicago.Somehumanstrytocooperatewiththeconqueringaliens,whileotherstrytorebel;there'saverycomplexplanattheheatofthestory.Violenceisthebiggestissue:Humansarekilledbothvaporizedbyaliensandshotbyguns.Thereareexplosions,bloodsplattersgorysurgeries,grossalieneffects,cyanidepillsandlotsofchaosandstress,Themovieismoreaboutitsownbigideasthanaboutcharactersoremotions,butit'ssmartenoughthatitshouldpleasemostteenandadultsci-fifans.JohnGoodmanandVeraFarmigaco-star.(109minutes)FIVEFEETAPART(PG-13)Age13+Strongactingsavespredictable,sentimentallovestoryFiveFeetApart"isbasedonthebestsellingYAnovel,aboutWill(ColeSprouse)andStella(HaleyLuRichardson),twohospitalized17-year-oldswithcysticfibrosis(囊胞性纤维症)fallinlove,Thestorypromotestreasuringthoseclosesttoyouandhasthemesofperseveranceandempathy.(115minutes)Ifyouarehookedonsciencefictions,whichmoviewillyoupreferaccordingtothepassage?WONDERPARKNANCYDREWANDTHEHIDDENSTAIRCASE.FIVEFEETAPART.CAPTIVESTATE.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?It'sappropriatetowatchthefilm“CaptiveState"withayoungersisteraged5.Themovie"WonderPark"canteachyoutobebraveenoughtofacefearIt'sadvisableofyoutowatch"FiveFeetApart"ifyouarefreeforoneandhalfhours“NancyDrewandtheHiddenStaircase”isadaptedfromabest-sellingnovel.Afterreadingthepassage,wecan.knowaboutthebackgroundofthefilmproductionlearnaboutthepopularityofthesefilmsgainathoroughunderstandingofthefilmshavethebestoptionforthefilmwewantCThecompanythatrevolutionizedthedeliveryofinformationnowaimstodothesamewithelectricity.TechnologypowerhouseGoogletodayannounceditwouldspend"tensofmillions"ofdollarsnextyearinresearchanddevelopmentandinvestmentsinanefforttodrivedownthecostoflarge-scalerenewableenergytomakeitcheaperthancoal.NotonlywillGooglebehiringengineersandenergyexpertsforitsnewinitiative,knownasRE<C（renewableenergyatlesscostthancoal）,butitalsowillmakeinvestmentsinfledglingcompanies—startingwiththosethatfocusonsolar-thermaltechnology,enhancedgeothermal,andhigh-altitudewindpower."Cheaprenewableenergyisnotonlycriticalfortheenvironmentbutalsovitalforeconomicdevelopmentinmanyplaceswherethereislimitedaffordableenergyofanykind,"saidSergeyBrin,Googleco-founderandpresidentoftechnology,inapreparedstatement.Coalsupplies40percentoftheworld'selectricityandmorethanhalfofU.S.power,andifcurrenttrendscontinue,itisexpectedtograbaneverincreasingsharebecauseitisaplentifulandcheapfuelforbigconsumersliketheUnitedStatesandRussia.Butcoalisalsotheworstfuelinitsproductionoftheglobalwarminggascarbondioxide.Googleco-founderLarryPagesaidthecompany'sgoalistoproduceonegigawatt（十亿瓦特）ofrenewableenergycapacitythatischeaperthancoalwithin"years,notdecades."Googlesaysthat'senoughelectricitytopoweracitythesizeofSanFrancisco（about330,000households）.Google,locatedinMountainView,Calif.,saiditwasinitiallyworkingwithtwootherCaliforniacompanies.TheyareeSolar,ofPasadena,whichisspecializinginsolar-thermalpower,usinglargefieldsofmirrorstoconcentratesunlightandgeneratesteamtorunutility-scaleelectricturbines（涡轮），andMakaniofAlameda,whichisdevelopingwindenergytechnologythattakesadvantageofthemuchstrongerandmorereliablecurrentsavailableathighaltitudes.Googledidnotspecifyhowmuchmoneyitwasputtingintoitsprojectswiththesecompaniesbutsaidtheybothhad“promisingscalableenergytechnology".Thisportionoftheinitiativewillbefundedthroughthecompany's'philanthropicarm,G,whichisnotatraditionalchantybutcanmakeequity（股票）investmentsincompaniesBrinandPagehavepledged（抵押）1percentofGoogle'sequityandprofitstowardeffortsincludingclimatechangeandglobalpoverty.TheREvCprogramistheleastofaseriesofstepsGooglehastakenonclimatechange.Thecompanysayitisontrackinitsgoaltobecarbonneuralinthenearfuture.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEofthecoal?ItisakindofcontroversialfuelgivenitslargequantityanditsharmtotheenvironmentItisplentifulandcheapfuelhatwillsurelyearnmoremarketshare.Itwillbetotallyreplacedbytherenewableenergyinyearsbecauseitproducestheworstgas-carbondioxide,ItissupportedbysomeenthusiasticcountrieslikeUSandRussiawhichrelyheavilyonthecoalItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.GhasmadesomecrucialdecisionsinexpandingthecompanyGhasfocusedonexploitingalternativestotraditionalenergyGisacharityorganizationcommittedtofundingtheprojectsbenefitingmankindGisanenvironmentalorganizationthatspecializesinpromotinggreenfuelWhatcanNotbelearnedabouttheRE<CProgramme?AItwillcometrueinafewyearswiththeeffortsmade.ItisaprogrammeofenvironmentalprotectionItisoneofthemeasurestakentoneutralizecarbonItwillberealizedthroughinvestmentsinsolarand,windenergycompanies.Thebesttitleofthispassageis.Google'sRE<CProgrammeGoogle,theEnergyRevolutionaryGoogle,theEnvironmentalProtectorGoogle'sRenewableEnergyProjectSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Thisyear'sCarnivalfestivalskickedoffonFebruary16andgoonuntilMarch5.Duringthe18daysofCarnival,thecityfillswiththousandsoftouristsfromacrossItalyandaroundtheworld.PartsofVenicearewellknownforthebeautyoftheirsettings,theirarchitectureandartwork.TheItaliangovernmentdecidedtobringbackthehistoryandcultureofVenicebyseekingtousethetraditionalCarnival.Itdoesn'thavetobetraditional.CarnivalvirtuallydisappearedwhenNapoleon'stroopsbroughtanendtotheVenetianRepublicin1797.VeniceCarnivalTheannualVeniceCarnivalisinfullswing,withthousandsofrevelers（狂欢者）gatheringthecity'scanalsandsquaresinelaboratecostumesandextraordinarymasks.⑹）TheCarnevalediVeneziaisthoughttodatebacktothe11thcentury,makingitoneoftheworld'soldest.CarnivalsareheldinmanyCatholiccountries,suchasSpainandBrazil,wheretheyserveasalastchancetoeat,drinkandbemerrybeforethedeprivationsofLent,the40daysoffastin（斋戒）thatprecedeEaster.ItisthoughtthatthemasksallowedVenetianstohidetheiridentities,allowingthepoortomixwiththewealthy,breakingstrictsocialorder,evenifonlyforabriefandcontrolledperiod.（68）ThethemeofCarnival2019is“TuttacolpadellaLuna,"or“Blamethemoon,"markingahalf-centurysincemanfirstwalkedonthesatellite.Topreventovercrowding,authoritieshaveinstalledturnstilesattheentrancestothehistoricSt.Marks'Square,closingitofftonewvisitorsonce23,000revelershaveentered.Costumedrevelersarealsosearchedastheyenterthesquare.Veniceissituatedacrossagroupof118smallislandsthatareseparatedbycanalsandlinkedbyover400bridges.TheislandsarelocatedintheshallowVenetianLagoon,anenclosedbaythatliesbetweenthemouthsofthePoandthePiaveRivers.（69）ThelagoonandapartofthecityarelistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.AlthoughmostvisitorssticktothetraditionalCarnivalcostumesofbaroquegownsandbejeweledmasksforwomenandblackcapesandthreateningmasksformen,moreandmorepeopleareoptingfortheirownuniqueinterpretations.SomevisitorsuseCarnivalasanopportunitytoshowoffafantasticcreationthey'vealwaysdreamedofwearing.Itdoesn'thavetobeVenetian.(70)AtCarnival,everybodyisfreetobewho--orwhat--theywanttobe.Perhapsadifferentgender--orevenspecies.That'sthejoyofthemask--nobodyknowswhoorwhatthepersonwearingitwasbeforeCarnival.SummaryWritingDirections:ReadthefollowingpasSummarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.UseyourownwordsasfaraspossibleGardeningcanhavemanypositiveeffectsonyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Whetheryou'regrowingfruitandveggies,flowersorsucculents,gettingyourgreenthumboncanhaveasurprisingnumberofhealthbenefitsforyouandyourfamily.Dependingonthesizeofyourgarden,maintainingitcanbeagreatwaytobephysicallyactive.Thiscouldbeastoughasmowingthelawn,orasgentleasgettingagoodstretchandpracticestabilizingyourselfwhilekneeling,sittingorreaching.Infact,gardeningisarecommendedactivityasitcanencouragetheuseofmanymotorskills,improveenduranceandstrengthandkeepyoumoving.Thesedays,wecanbuyprettymuchanyfruitandvegetablewewantfromthesupermarket,atanytimeofyear.Butgardeningenablesustoeatseasonally,whichhasimportantbenefitsforourbodies.Forexample,asparagusandapricotsgrowinspringandsummer,whileBrusselssproutsgetgoinginwinter.Eatingseasonallycankeephealthyeatingexcitingbyencouragingyoutotrynewrecipesusingin-seasonproduce.Youwillalsogetawidervarietyofdifferentcolouredproduce,providingnutritiousvitaminsandmineralsinyourdietthroughouttheyearastheproduceyoueatchangeswiththeseasons.Gardeningisalsoagreatwaytorelax,providingopportunitiestostillthemindandgetawayfromthebusynessofeverydaylife.Thereisevenevidencetosuggestthatgardeningcanhelpeasesymptomsofmentalillnesseslikedepressionandanxiety.Whetheryou'regardeningbyyourself,orgettingthewholefamilyinvolved,it'sagreatwaytospendsometimeoutdoors,awayfromscreensandto-dolists,andengagewithnature.Fromrepetitivetaskslikeweedingthatprovideopportunitiesformeditation,topractisingpatiencewhilewaitingforplantstogrow,gardeningisagreatexerciseforyourmindaswellasyourbody.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.这项新颁布的规定仅适用于一些突发情况。(apply)你越向别人敞开心扉，你心灵所承受的痛苦就越少。(Themore..北京之行最令我印象深刻的是故宫的雪以及其优质的导游服务。(impress)我国政府从未对垃圾分类问题那么重视过，相信通过大家齐心协力，我们的居住环境会变得更好。(Never..)GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.每年五月的第二个周日是母亲节你所在的班级准备以母亲节为契机筹划一次班级主题活动，你积极参与筹划并设计了一个活动方案，请你在全班同学面前介绍你的方案。介绍包括以下两个方面:1、简述你活动方案的主题和内容。2、谈谈你设计该活动方案的理由。（文中不能涉及真实信息）奉贤区2018学年第二学期高三调研

英语试卷参考答案Listening1-5ADCAB6-10BCAAD11-13CAC14-16BCD17-20ADDAGrammarandvocabularySectionA：aregetting22.asked23.in24.while25.where26.Whichever/Whatevercalming28.can/may29.that30.tothinkSectionB：31-35KHGAB36-40IEFDJReadingSectionA41-45BACDB46-50DABCA51-55CABCBSectionB56-59CCBC60-62DBD63-66ACDBSectionC67-70BACESummarywritingGardeningmaybringpositivebenefitstoyourfitnessphysicallyandmentally.Itkeepsyouphysicallyactive,becauseitinvolvesusingmotorskillsandimprovesenduranceandstrength.Besides,gardeninghelpsyoutoeatseasonally,throughwhichyoucanmaintainhealthyeatingandgetadequatenutrition.Also,it'sagreatwaytocalmyourmindandeaseyourdailystress.TranslationThenewly-issuedrule/regulationonlyappliestosomeemergency.Themoreyouopenyourhearttoothers,thelessyouwillsuffer.WhatleftmethedeepestimpressionduringmytriptoBeijingwasthesnowoftheForbiddenCityanditshigh-qualitytourguideservice.Neverbeforehasthegovernmentinourcountryputsuchgreatvalueongarbageclassification,sowebelievethatourlivingenvironmentswillbecomebetterwithjointefforts.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.W:Thanksformeetingme,Mr.Hawker.M:Nicetoseeyou.Doweneedtostopatthebaggageclaimarea?Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?M:Theforecastsaystherewillbeaseverewinter.Areyouprepared?W:Hardly.I'mwaitingforthenextsaletogetadownjacket.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?W:Takeaseatinsideandseehowyoufeel.SowillyoutakethePorschethen,sir?M:Letmecheckfirst.Theengine,wheelandtherearmirror.Yes,andIwanttobuytheinsurance,too.Q:Whatisthemanprobablydoing?M:Eric'sproblemisthathedoesn'teatenoughvegetable.W:Yeah,herefusestoeatvegetableunlessthereissomemeat.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?M:Victorisreallysomething.Henearlygotkilledwhenhetriedtorescueadrowningboyyesterday.W:Well,sofarasIknow,thatwasnotthefirstdangeroussituationhewasinforothers.Q:WhatkindofpersonisVictoraccordingtotheconversation?M:Ihearthatthenewspapergavethatcomedyaterriblereview.W:Itdependsonwhichnewspaperyouread.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?M:IwishIdidn'thavetomakeaspecialtriptothepostofficetogetmypackage.W:Well,ifyoucalltheminthemorning,they'llgivethepackagetoyourmailcarriertobringouttoyou.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?W:Professor,haveyougradedmytermpaperyet?M:Totellyouthetruth,I'vebeentiedupincommitteemeetingsallweek.Q:Whatcanbelearnedaboutthewoman'spaper?W:DavidsaidthatSeattleisagreatplaceforconferences.M:Hecertainlyhastheauthoritytomakethatcomment.He'sbeentheresooften.Q:WhatdoesthemansayaboutDavid?M:Doyouhaveaseatforthedramatomorrow?W:Nomoreordinaryseats,butwewillsellticketsreservedforhonoredgueststwohoursbeforetheperformance.Q:Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Hello,everyone.Welcomebacktotheprogram.Weallknowplantsneedsunshinetogrow.Butactually,notallvegetablesneedlotsofsunshine.MarkHoffmanandhiswifeownaguesthouseinKempton,Illinois.Theyoftenservetheirguestsfreshvegetablesfr