(英语)高一英语阅读理解(教育文化)解题技巧及练习题

英语）高一英语阅读理解（教育文化）解题技巧及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类1．阅读理解Asisknowntoall,nowadaysmanystudentsareinterestedinstudyingabroad.Attendingschoolsabroadhasmanyadvantages.First,bylookingatourowncountryfromoutside,wecanbestseethestrongpointsandweakpointsofournationandthereforebroadenourminds.Second,whilestudyinginaforeigncountry,wecantravelwidely,visitingfamousscenicspotsandmakingfriendswiththelocalpeople.Third,wecanusetheforeignlanguageinourdailylifesothatourabilityinthatlanguagemaybeimprovedquickly.Butthemostimportantistolearnadvanced（先进的）scienceandtechnology.Foralltheseadvantages,itisreallyworthwhiletogoabroadforeducation.However,aseverythinghastwosides,therearealsosomedisadvantagesinattendingaforeignuniversity.Themostseriousproblemisthelanguagebarrier（障碍）.Mostofthestudentswhoarereadytogoabroaddonotpreparethemselveswellforthenewlanguageenvironment.Asaresult,onarrivingthere,theywillfinditdifficulttounderstandwhattheinstructorsaresayinginclass.Besides,fornotknowingaboutthecustomsandwayoflifeofthelocalpeople,theymayrunintotroubleindealingwithvarioussituations.Therefore,misunderstandingsoftenarise.Furthermore,thecostoflivingismuchhigherthanthatinourcountry,somoststudentshavetofindpart-timejobsinordertohelpsupportthemselves.Facedwiththesedifficulties,manystudentsfindthemselvesunabletopayfullattentiontotheirstudiesandsomestudentsmayevenfailintheircoursesandlearnlittle.Therefore,givenanopportunitytoattendaschoolabroad,onemustconsiderthefactorscarefullybeforemakinguphismind.Ontheonehand,itisagoodthingtogoandstudyabroad.Butontheotherhand,onemustnotneglect（忽视）thedisadvantages.（1）Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingarealladvantagesofstudyingabroadEXCEPThavingmorechancestogetgoodjobsB.improvingforeignlanguageabilityquicklyC.visitingwell-knownplacesofinterestD.learningverymodernscienceandtechnology（2）Theunderlinedword"instructors"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto"neighborsteachersstrangersclassmates（3）Accordingtothepassage,whydosomestudentsfindpart-timejobs?Becausetheywanttolearnmoreskillsinadifferentcountry.Becausetheywanttomakefulluseoftheirtime.Becausetheyarenotinterestedinstudying.Becausetheyhavetosupportthemselves.（4）Thepassagemainlytellsusthat.studyingabroadisagoodwaytolearnmoreeverythinghastwosidespeopleshouldthinktwicebeforegoingabroadgoingabroadhasmoreadvantagesthandisadvantages【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了出国学习的坏处和好处，旨在告诫人们对出国学习要慎重考虑，不能盲目跟风。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"wecantravelwidely,visitingfamousscenicspots"及"ourabilityinthatlanguagemaybeimprovedquickly.Butthemostimportantistolearnadvanced（先进的）scienceandtechnology"可知，出国学习可以提高我们的外语能力、参观著名景点和学习先进的科学技术，而没有提及有更多的机会找到好工作，故选A。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的""sayinginclass"可知，他们很难理解讲师在课堂上所说的话，由此可知画线词词义为"老师"，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"somoststudentshavetofindpart-timejobsinordertohelpsupportthemselves"可知，很多学生找兼职工作是为了养活他们自己，故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，文章主要分析了出国学习的利弊，根据最后一段内容可知，文章旨在说明对出国学习要慎重考虑，不能盲目跟风，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解"Whensomeoneisrudetoyou,itcanputyouinabadmood.Itmayevenleadyoutoberudetosomeoneelse,creatingachainofrudeness.Infact,thistroublingchainmayevenbecausedbysimplyseeingsomeoneberudetoanotherperson.Youdon'tevenhavetobethetargetofthehadbehavior,"statedaresearcher.Theresearchersworkedwith81persons,withoccupationsrangingfromsecuritytobusinesstomedicine,whowereaskedtocompleteonlinesurveysovera10-dayperiod.Participantsrecordedtheirmoodswhentheywokeup;andintheevening,theydescribedtheirexperiencesoverthecourseofthatday.Eachmorningtheparticipantsalsoviewedashortvideo,describingworkplaceinteractionofsomekind.Halfofthemornings,thevideoincludedsomekindofrudenesswhiletheotherhalfhadsomekindofwarminteractionintheworkplace.Rudenesswasconveyedthroughvariousmeans,includingalackofeyecontactorunpleasantlanguage.Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideosreportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday,andtheywerealsomorelikelytoescapefromfellowemployeestoavoidbeingthevictimsofrudenessthemselves.Theyreportedtheiroverallworksufferedthatdayasaresult.Notallparticipantswereaffectedbytherudenessvideos,however.Afewweeksbeforethestudybegan,theparticipantscompletedanevaluationthatmeasuredtheirself-confidenceandemotionalstabilityamongotherthings.Theparticipantswhoscoredhigheronthisevaluationweresignificantlylesslikelytobeinfluencedbytherudeness.Consequently,oneoftheresearchersrecommendedthatcompanieshiremanagerswhocanlimitexposuretorudeness,provideplentyofpositivereinforcement（强化）andbuildacivilworkplaceenvironment.This,inturn,couldhelpemployeesbuildtheirconfidencelevelsandhelpthembetterhandleworkplacerudeness.（1）WhatisParagraph1intendedtoshow?Thepopularityofrudeness.B.Aregularcauseofrudeness.C.Anewfindingaboutrudeness.D.Thecommondisadvantageofrudeness.（2）Whyaretheshortvideosplayedfortheparticipants?Tomakethemspreadrudeness.Toeducatethemonworkplaceinteraction.Toexposethemtovariousaspectsofrudeness.Toteachthemhowtouserightbodylanguages.（3）Whatistheprobableeffectofwatchingthevideosonsomeparticipants?Beingunwillingtowork.B.Poorabilitytodotheirwork.C.Seriousemotionalsufferings.D.Lessinteractionwithothers.（4）Whomaynotbeaffectedbytherudenessvideos?Peoplepositiveandkindtothemselves.Peoplekeepingcalminstressfulsituations.Peopleowningconfidenceinothers'ability.Peopleparticipatingintherudenessexperiment.【答案】（1）CTOC\o"1-5"\h\z（2）C（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，关于“无礼”行为作为一种“传染性”行为是可以避免的。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Youdon'tevenhavetobethetargetofthebadbehavior"你甚至不必成为不良行为的目标，可知，第一段前半部分在描述了这种无礼行为的“传染性"之后，是在引出一项关于这种行为的新发现。故选C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Eachmorningtheparticipantsalsoviewedashortvideo,describingworkplaceinteractionofsomekind."每天早上，参与者还观看了一段描述某种工作场所互动的短视频；第四段中的"Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideosreportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday..."观看了无礼视频的参与者扌报告称，他们在白天看到或经历了无礼行为……和第五段中的"Notallparticipantswereaffectedbytherudenessvideos,however.燃而，并不是所有的参与者都受到了粗鲁视频的影响。可知，让参与者观看视频是为了让他们受到更多的影响而研究他们的情绪变化。故选Co（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Participantswhowatchedtherudenessvideosreportedseeingorexperiencingrudenessduringtheday,andtheywerealsomorelikelytoescapefromfellowemployeestoavoidbeingthevictimsofrudenessthemselves.Theyreportedtheiroverallworksufferedthatdayasaresult.”观看了无礼视频的参与者报告称，他们在白天看到或经历了无礼行为，而且他们也更有可能逃离同事，以免自己成为无礼行为的受害者。他们报告说，他们的整体工作因此受到影响。可知，一些参与者在观看视频之后会逃避与人交流以免成为受影响者。故选Do考查细节理解。根据第五段中的"Afewweeksbeforethestudybegan,theparticipantscompletedanevaluationthatmeasuredtheirself-confidenceandemotionalstabilityamongotherthings.Theparticipantswhoscoredhigheronthisevaluationweresignificantlylesslikelytobeinfluencedbytherudeness.”在研究开始前几周，参与者完成了一项评估，评估内容包括他们的自信心和情绪稳定性等。在这项评估中得分较高的参与者受粗鲁行为影响的可能性明显较低。可知，不易受到影响的人较为冷静沉着。故选Bo【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解Parentsdonotowe(欠)theirchildrenacollegeeducation.Iftheycanaffordit,theycancertainlysendthemtoagooduniversity.Buttheyneedn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan't.Whenchildrengrowupandwanttogetmarried,theirparentsdonotowethemanapartment.Theydonothavethedutytolookaftertheirgrandchildren,either.Iftheywanttodoit,itmustbeconsideredafavor,notanobligation.Doparentsowetheirchildrenanything?Yes,theyowethemagreatdeal.Oneoftheirobligationsistogivetheirchildrenapersonalworth.Childrenwhoarealwaysmadetofeelstupidandunworthy,constantlycomparedwithbrighterbrothers,sisters,orcousinswillbecomesounsure,soafraidoffailingthattheywon'ttryatall.Ofcoursetheyshouldbeproperlycorrectedwhentheydowrong,butit'softenbettertoletchildrenlearntheirmistakesbythemselvesintime.Alltheirparentsshoulddoistotrustthem,respectthem,understandthemandgivethemchancestotryandfail.Theymustlearntostandfailure.Whencriticisms(批评)arereallyneeded,theyshouldbebalancedwithasmileandakiss.Thatisthewaychildrenlearn.Parentsowetheirchildrenasetofsolidvaluesaroundwhichtobuildtheirlives.Thismeansteachingthemtorespecttherightsandopinionsofothers;itmeansbeingrespectfultoelders,toteachers,andtothelaw.Thebestwaytoteachsuchvaluesisbydeed.Achildwhoisliedtowilllie.Achildwhoseesnolaughterandnoloveinthehomewillhavedifficultylaughingandloving.Nochildaskstobeborn.Ifyoubringalifeintotheworld,youowethechildsomething.Theauthorthinksparents.shouldsendtheirchildrentocollegeshouldsupporttheirchildrenaftertheygetmarriedneedtobuyanapartmentfortheirchildrenneedn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan'tsendtheirchildrentouniversitiesWhatdoestheunderlinedword"obligation"inParagraph1mean?Right.Promise.Duty.D.Excuse.（3）Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldparentsdowhenchildrenmakemistakes?Understandthemandtellthemnottodothatagain.Letthemlearnthemistakesbythemselvesintime.Comparethemwithbrighterbrothersorsisters.Correcttheirmistakesimmediately.（4）Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthispassage?Thedutiesofparents.Thebestwaytoteachchildren.Thereasonwhychildrenfeelstupidandunworthy.Thereasonwhyparentsowetheirchildrensomething.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，就父母对子女真正的责任是什么进行论述，总结出父母真正要给予孩子的是个人价值和正确的价值观，这才是父母真正的职责。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Parentsdonotowe（欠）theirchildrenacollegeeducation...Buttheyneedn'tfeelguiltyiftheycan't.”父母不欠子女大学教育如果他们承担不起大学教育，也不必感到内疚，可知，作者认为，如果父母不能送子女上大学，也不必感到内疚。故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Iftheywanttodoit,itmustbeconsideredafavor,notanobligation.”如果他们想这样做，就必须把它看作一种恩惠，而不是义务，这一句中的"favor”意为"恩惠、帮忙”相反意思应为"义务、责任”，所以可以判断"obligation”应是"义务”之意，同时"obligation”和前一句"Theydonothavethedutytolookaftertheirgrandchildren,either."他们也没有义务照顾孙子孙女，这一句里的"duty"是近义词，属于词义重现用法。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Ofcoursetheyshouldbeproperlycorrectedwhentheydowrong,butit'softenbettertoletchildrenlearntheirmistakesbythemselvesintime."当然，如果孩子做错了，他们应该得到适当的纠正，但是最好是让孩子们自己及时地知道他们的错误，可知，当孩子犯错时，父母应该让孩子自己及时了解错误。故选B。（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Parentsdonotowe（欠）theirchildrenacollegeeducation...”从父母送子女上大学，帮忙买房子或照看孙辈等琐事引入主题，说明这些并不是父母真正的职责；以及第三段中的"Oneoftheirobligationsistogivetheirchildrenapersonalworth."他们的义务之一是给孩子们个人的价值和最后一段中的"Parentsowetheirchildrenasetofsolidvaluesaroundwhichtobuildtheirlives."父母有义务为孩子建立一套坚实的价值观，并以此来构建他们的生活。可知，父母真正要给予孩子的是个人价值和正确的价值观，这才是父母真正的职责，所以文章主要讲父母的职责。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解Afriendisbetterthanfortune.Afriendisworsethanpoisoninsomecases.Thetwosentencesabovehaveoppositemeaningsandseemtobeunreasonablebuttheycanbeexplainedasfollows:thefirstreferstoallgoodfriendswhodriveustowardsgoodwhilethesecondallbadoneswholeadusintobadways.Myidealfriendisofcourseagoodfriendwhosegoodnessisshownbelow—hehasnobadhabitssuchassmokinganddrinking.Helivesinfrugality（节俭）.Hestudieshardsoasnottowastehisgoldentime.Athomehehonorshisparentsandloveshisbrothers;atschoolherespectshisteachersandsharesthefeelingsofhisclassmates.Hetreatsthosetrulywhoaretruetohim.Inaword,hehasallthegoodcharacteristicsthatIdon'thave.Icanfollowhimasamodel.WithhishelpIcanbefreefromalldifficulties.Indeed,ifIhavesuchapersonasmyfriend,IshallneverfeardifficultyandIshallneverknowtheexistenceoftheword"failure".（1）Thispassagetellsus.howtomakefriendswithothershowtohelpfriendswhatkindofpersonthewriter'sfriendiswhatkindofpersonweshouldmakefriendswith（2）Accordingtothewriter,anidealfriendrefersto.afriendwithoutbadhabitsafamousmanaperfectmanarespectableman（3）Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.thewriterandhisidealfriendhavealottolearnfromeachotherthewriterhasalottolearnfromhisidealfriendthewriter'sidealfriendhasalottolearnfromhimthewriterhasonlyalittletolearnfromhisidealfriend（4）Fromthesecondparagraph,wecaninferthewriterissurethat.friendshipmeansagreatdealtohimnothingcanbedonewithoutfriendshewhodoesnotsmokeordrinkmustbeagoodfriendgoodfriendsshouldalwayshelpeachother【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们应该交哪种朋友。我们应该交那种在学校尊敬老师，在家爱戴父母认真学习，珍惜时间的朋友。考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文讲述的是我们应该交哪种朋友。我们应该交那种在学校尊敬老师，在家爱戴父母认真学习，珍惜时间的朋友。故选Do考查推理判断。根据第三段可知理想的朋友就是那些完美的人。故选Co考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Icanfollowhimasamodel.""他是我的楷模，我能从他身上学习到很多东西。故选Bo考查推理判断。从文章内容可知我很看重生命中的好朋友，一位友谊对我来说意义重大。故选Ao【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读。考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解AHarvardstudyoftheirgraduatesoverthirtyyearsfoundthattherewereonlyasmallpercentage(3%)ofthemwhoactuallywrotedowntheirgoals-andthesewerethemostsuccessful!Youcanbecertainthateveryoneofthosestudentshadrepeatedlyheardthevalueofgoalsetting.Yetonly3%actuallywrotedowntheirgoalsconsistently.Imaginewhatyoucandoifyoubothwritedownyourgoalsand,then,focusonthemconsistently,untiltheyareaccomplished!Whatisitthatcausesthe"NewYear'sResolutionSyndrome"?Peoplemakeresolutions,workhardatthemforafewweeks,maybeevenafewmonths,andthenforgetthem.Nextyear,theymakethesameNewYear'sresolutions.Thatisthesyndrome.Sowhydosomanypeopledoit?Theymaybemakinggoalsthataretooglobal,andtoounrealistic.Theelephantanalogy(比喻)isstillthebestoneIknowoftoillustrategoodgoalsetting."Howdoyoueatanelephant?Onespoonfulatatime."Soitiswithgoals.Makespoonsizegoalsandaccomplishthemeasily.Onceyou'vemasteredthis,getabiggerspoon!Youmayhavetoomanypeopleinyourlifewhoconsciouslyorsubconsciouslyareunwillingorunabletosupportyoutoreachyourgoals.Surroundyourselfwithpeoplewhowantyoutohavewhatyouwantforyourself.Supporteachotherandyou'llallachieveyourhighestgoals.Wemustbecarefulnottoconfusebusynesswithprogress.Beselectiveabouthowyouuseyourtimeandwhatyoufocuson.Successoftencomeswhenyouknowwhattoleaveout,ratherthanwhattoincludeinyourlife.Goalsettingislikethepigandchickenwhowereoutforawalkintownearlyonemorning.Thechickenbecamereallyexcitedwhenshesawasignthatsaid"Ham&Eggs,$2.99".Shesaidtothepig,"Look,we'vegotdoublebillingagain."Thepiggruntedandsaid,"That'sallrightforyoutosay.Foryou,it'sallinaday'swork.Forme,it'stotalcommitment."Goalsettingisallinaday'swork.Goalachievementistotalcommitment.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?FewHarvardstudentsknowtheimportanceofsettinggoals.Writingdowngoalsisunhelpfulinachievingthem.AverysmallpercentageofHarvardstudentscansucceed.Keepingworkingongoalseventuallyleadstovictory.WhatcanweknowaboutNewYear'sresolutions?Theyarereallydifficulttoachieve.Mostpeoplegivethemuphalfway.Theyshouldbedifferentfromyeartoyear.Mostpeoplemakenoefforttoachievethem.Accordingtotheelephantanalogy,whensettinggoals,weshould—.askforothers'advicesetgreatandworthygoalsbreakabiggoalintosmallerpiecesrefertothegoalswesetearlierWhatdoesthestoryofthepigandchickenimply?Romeisnotbuiltinoneday.Whenthecatisaway,themicewillplay.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?Goalsonlyworkwhenyoudo!Surroundingscontributetosuccess!WaystomakeNewYear'sresolutionsSuggestionsforsettingrealisticgoals【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)C(4)A(5)A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述只有很少的人能够坚持写下自己的目标，而这部分人是最成功的，同时也说明了实现目标需要注意的几个方面：第一，学会分解目标；第二，找到能够支持自己的人；第三，不要混淆忙碌与进步；第四，目标设定很容易，但是实现目标是一个长期的过程。考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“AHarvardstudyoftheirgraduatesoverthirtyyearsfoundthattherewereonlyasmallpercentage(3%)ofthemwhoactuallywrotedowntheirgoalsandthesewerethemostsuccessful!”可知，只有3%的人能够写下自己的目标，而这些人是最成功的，故可以推测出，只有不断坚持，朝目标前进的人才能成功，故选D。考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"Peoplemakeresolutions,workhardatthemforafewweeks,maybeevenafewmonths,andthenforgetthem.”可知，人们往往年初做决心，前几周，甚至前几个月很努力，但是之后就抛之于九霄云外，可知，很多人半途而废，故选B。考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Howdoyoueatanelephant?Onespoonfulatatime."Soitiswithgoals.Makespoonsizegoalsandaccomplishthemeasily.可知，设置目标跟吃大象是一样的，把目标分成小部分，就很容易实现这些目标了，故可知，要学会分解目标，故选C。考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Goalsettingisallinaday'swork.Goalachievementistotalcommitment”可知，设定目标很短，但是达成目标则需要完全的付出，根据选项，与A选项，罗马不是一日建成的，意思符合，故选A。考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述只有很少的人能够坚持写下自己的目标，而这部分人是最成功的，同时也说明了实现目标需要注意的几个方面：第一，学会分解目标；第二，找到能够支持自己的人；第三，不要混淆忙碌与进步；第四，目标设定很容易，但是实现目标是一个长期的过程，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解Stepinachasbecomeoneofthefirsthighschoolsinthecountrytodropalltextbooksandreplacethemwitha"digitallibrary".WhenstudentsstartedclassesonMonday,theywerezippingtoanappontheirtabletsorlaptopsandbadinstantaccesstoall40textsintheStepinaccurriculum(课程).DennisLauro,directorofaninformationcenterwhichprovidestechnicalsupporttopublicschoolsinNewYork,saidneitherhenorhiscolleagueswereawareofasimilardigitaleffortinapublicschoolsetting."Thisisthewaveofthefuture."Laurosaid."I'mnotsurprisedthataprivateschoolwouldbeatthepublicschoolstoit.Theyhavetheabilitytojustdoit.Thereissomuchpoliticsinvolvedinpublicschools,whenitcomestoamovelikethat,needingapprovalfromboardsandcommittees."ForTomCollins,Stepinac'spresident,thecommitmenttodigitalsourcematerialwasnotsodifficultadecision.Inthepast,students'familieshadtospendupto$700ayearontextbooks.Thisyear—aftertheone-timepurchaseofatabletorlaptop—familiesonlyneedtopay$150.Usingthedigitallibraryisalmostaseasyasopeninganewbook.AstudentcaninstantlylapintoadigitalbookandopenamapofEgyptoraspeechbyPresidentJohnF.Kennedy.Ateachercanshowapagefromadigitalbookonawhiteboardatthefrontoftheclassorsendstudentsalinktoaparticularmathproblemwithnotesaddedin.Thefirstfewweeksmaybringsomechallenges.Stepinacofficialsexpectsomeparentaldiscomfortoverdroppingconcretebooks.Theyrecognizetheremaybetechnicalfaultsatfirst.Andtheywillhavetoencouragestudentstoleavespace-eatingphotosandmusicofftheirtablets—andtokeeptheirtabletscharged.WhatisgoingoninStepinac?It'sbuildinganewlibrary.B.It'sreformingitstextbooks.It'supdatingitsdigitalresources.D.It'schangingitsmanagementpattern.Bysayingtheunderlinedsentence.Laurobelieves.publicschoolsfacegreatchallengesB.privateschoolshavetheiradvantagesC.theeffortistocauseinstantchangesD.it'satrendforschoolstogodigitalWhomayworryaboutthemoveinStepinac?Officials.B.Technicians.C.Parents.D.Teachers.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了Stepinac是第一个放弃了传统意义上的教科书，改用数字图书馆的学校。这是未来学校向数字化发展的一种趋势，但是家长们对这一进程心存疑虑。（1）纟田节理解题。由第一段Stepinachasbecomeoneofthefirsthighschoolsinthecountrytodropalltextbooksandreplacethemwitha""digitallibrary"可矢口Stepinac把textbook变成了digitallibrary,应该是改革了教科书，故选B。（2）推理判断题。由第二段Laurosaid."I'mnotsurprisedthataprivateschoolwouldbeatthepublicschoolstoit.Theyhavetheabilitytojustdoit.Thereissomuchpoliticsinvolvedinpublicschools,whenitcomestoamovelikethat,needingapprovalfromboardsandcommittees.可矢Lauro认为在学校发展数字化并不是一件令人吃惊的事，私立学校在政策决定上比公立学校更有优势，如果在公立学校推行，需要得到很多人的同意。从中可以看出Lauro认为未来学校向数字化发展是一种趋势，故选D。（3）田节理解题。由最后一段Thefirstfewweeksmaybringsomechallenges.Stepinacofficialsexpectsomeparentaldiscomfortoverdroppingconcretebooks.可知在Stepinac，父母们对这一进程很担心，故选Co【点评】考查阅读理解。考涉及田节理解题和推理判断题，田节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。7．阅读理解SomeAfricanschoolsareaddingprogramsthatteachwhatofficialsarecalling"softskills"tostudents.Softskillsarepersonalqualitiesthathelpapersonrelateeffectivelytoothers.Officialssaythiskindoftrainingcanhelpstudentssucceedinthejobmarketandinlife.ThetrainingisbeingofferedattheSt.BernadetteKamonyiSecondarySchoolinKigali,Rwanda.Forweeks,itsstudentshavebeenvisitingneighborhoodbusinesses.Thegoalofthesefieldtripsisfortheyoungpeopletolearnwhatisnecessarytosecureajob.Forthesecondaryschoolstudents,thisinformationisimportant.Inafewmonths,they'llcompletetheirstudiesandtrytheirbesttofindwork.OneoftheRwandanstudentsis22-year-oldAminadabNiyitegeka.Hesayshewilllookforanyjobavailable.Hehopesthatwhathelearnsinhisworkreadinessclasswillhelp.Traditionally,secondaryschoolsinAfricahavespentmoretimeonsubjectslikemathematicsandscience,largelyignoringareaslikepublicspeakingandteamwork.Butthatischanging.Schoolsareexploringnewteachingmodelstooffersoftskillsandprofessionaltraining.Itispartofanefforttopreparestudentstobecomebettercommunicators,problemsolversandcitizens（公民）.RwandahasstartedaworkreadinesstrainingprogramcalledAkaziKanozeAccess.Itmeans"workwelldone"inKinyarwanda,theofficiallanguageofRwanda.Theprogramhastrainedmorethan20,000studentstohelpmakethemmoreappealingtoemployers.EmmanuelNtagungiraisateacherandworksasatrainerforAkaziKanozeAccess,Heoftenvisitsemployerswhohavegivenjobstohighschools.Theemployersareveryhappybecausethegraduatesarereadytowork.Hesayshehopestheprogramwillhelplowerunemployment,whichstandsatover13percentnationwide.Healsoexplainsthatthegraduateshaveahealthymindsetandemployersaresatisfiedwiththejobthey'vebeendoing.（1）Whichofthefollowingisnotanexampleof"softskills"?Beingcompetentinsoftware.Communicatingwithotherswell.Makingagoodspeechinpublic.Havingagoodsenseofcooperation.（2）InwhatwayhavesecondaryschoolsinAfricachanged?Theyfocusonmathematicsandscience.Theyignoreareaslikepublicspeakingandteamwork.Theyapplynewteachingmethods.Theymakeanefforttoofferstudentssoftskills.（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?TheprogramKaziKanozeAccessaimstoappealtoemployers.AminadabNiyitegekawilldefinitelyfindagoodjobaftergraduation.Studentswithsoftskillsarelikelytogetalongwellwithothers.Studentshavebeenvisitingneighborhoodbusinessestosecureajob.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在非洲一些地区和学校实施的“软技能”项目，即关注学生个人品质教学项目的实施情况，这种培训可以帮助学生在就业市场和生活中取得成功。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Softkillsrepersonalqualitiethathelpapersonrelateeffecitvelytoothers可知，软技能是指人的品质，能帮助人与人之间有效交流的品质。所以软件操作不是个人品质，就不是软技能。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“TraditionaSeyondaryschoolsinAfricehavespentmoretimeonsubjectslikemathematicsandscience,largelyignoringareaslikepublicspeakingandteamwork.Butthatischanging.Schoolsareexploringnewteachingmodelstooffersoftskilandprofessionaltrai可知传统上，非洲的中学花时间在数学和科学等科目上，很大程度上会忽略公共演讲和团队协作等领域。但现在这样的情况正在改变。学校正在探索新的教学模式以提供软技能和专业训练。所以非洲中级学校的改变是他们努力教给学生软技能。故选Do（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Softkillsrepersonalqualitiethathelpapersonrelateeffectivelytoothers.Officialssaythiskindoftrainingcanhelpstudentssucceedintmarketandinl可知软技能是指人的品质，能帮助人与人之间有效交流的品质。权威人士说这样的训练能帮助学生在找工作和生活中成功。因此软技能帮学生跟人和睦相处。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解Parentswhohavebooksinthehomeincreasethelevelofeducationtheirchildrenwillattain（获得）,whetherrichorpoor,accordingtoa20-yearstudyledbyMariahEvans.Foryears,educatorshavethoughtthestrongestpredictor（预示物）ofattaininghighlevelsofeducationwashavingparentswhowerehighlyeducated.But,thestudyshowedthatthedifferencebetweenbeingraisedinabooklesshomecomparedtobeingraisedinahomewitha500-booklibraryhasasgreataneffectonthelevelofeducationachildwillattainasthedifferencebetweenhavingparentswhoarebarelyliterate（有文化的）andhavingparentswhohaveauniversityeducation.Beingasociologist,Evanswasparticularlyinterestedtofindthatchildrenofless-educatedparentsbenefitthemostfromhavingbooksinthehome.Whatkindsofinvestmentsshouldwemaketohelpthesekidsgetahead?Theresultsofthisstudyindicatethatgettingsomebooksintotheirhomesisaninexpensivewaythatwecanhelpthesechildrensucceed.Evanssaid,"Evenalittlebitgoesalongway.Havingasfewas20booksinthehomestillhasasignificantimpactonmotivatingachildtoahigherlevelofeducation,andthemorebooksyouadd,thegreaterbenefitthechildrenget."Theresearcherswerestruckbythestrongeffecthavingbooksinthehomehadonchildren'seducationalattainmentevenaboveandbeyondsuchfactorsaseducationleveloftheparents,thefather'soccupationortheeconomiclevelofthecountry.Havingbooksinthehomeistwiceasimportantasthefather'seducationlevel,andmoreimportantthanwhetherachildwasbroughtupinadevelopingcountryoradevelopedcountry.Surprisingly,thedifferenceineducationalattainmentforchildrenborninadevelopedcountryandchildrenborninadevelopingcountrywasjust2years,lessthantwo-thirdsoftheeffectthathaving500ormorebooksinthehomehadonchildren.（1）Inthepasteducatorsheldapointofviewthat.childrenwhosefamilyhadalibrarywouldpossiblyattainhighlevelsofeducationchildrenwhowereborninpoorfamiliesstudiedharderthanthoseinrichfamilieschildrenwhoseparentsarehighlyeducatedwouldattainhighlevelsofeducationparents'levelofeducationhadnothingtodowiththeirchildren'slevelsofeducation（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"motivating"inParagraph3mean?Makingsomebodywanttodosomething.HelpingsomebodytofinishsomethingMakingsomebodypretendtodosomething.Preventingsomebodyfromachievingsomething.（3）Whichofthefollowinghasthemostimportanteffectonthelevelofeducationachildwillgain?Theeconomiclevelofthecountry.B.Thefather'soccupation.C.Educationlevelsofparents.D.Havingbooksinthehome.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了影响孩子教育水平的因素，告诉我们家里有书对孩子的重要性胜于家长受过高等教育的影响。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Foryears,educatorshavethoughtthestrongestpredictor（预示物）ofattaininghighlevelsofeducationwashavingparentswhowerehighlyeducated”.多年来，教育工作者一直认为，预示孩子能获取高教育水平的最强的因素莫过于有受过高等教育的父母”。可知，过去教育家们认为受过高等教育的父母的孩子将获得高水平的教育。故选Co（2）考查词义猜测。文章第二、三段一直说家中有书对孩子的积极影响。再根据第三段中的“Evenalittlebitgoesalongwaythegreaterbenefitthechildrenget”即使是一点点书，也能大有帮助……你家的书越多，孩子得到的好处就越大。"可知，书对孩子有很大影响。所以戈U线词的句子“Havingasfewas20booksinthehomestillhasasignificantimpactonmotivatingachildtoahigherlevelofeducation”这句话是说“即使家里只有20本书，在激励孩子接受更高层次的教育方面仍然有很大的影响"。所以，家中有书可以激励孩子获得更高层次的教育水平。由此可推断出划线词的意思是"使某人想做某事"。故选Ao（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Theresearcherswerestruckbythestrongeffecthavingbooksinthehomehadonchildren'seducationalattainmentevenaboveandbeyondsuchfactorsaseducationleveloftheparents,thefather'soccupationortheeconomiclevelofthecountry.”研究者们感到震惊的是，在家里看书对孩子的受教育程度的影响甚至超过了父母的受教育程度、父亲的职业或国家的经济水平等因素的影响。故选Do【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。9．阅读理解Howdoyouspendyourtime？Togetit,PaulT.Rankinaskedsixty-eightindividualstokeepanaccurate,detailedrecordofwhattheydideveryminuteoftheirwakinghours.Hediscoveredthat70percentoftheirwakingtimewasspentononethingonly-communication.PutthatevidencealongsidetheresearchfindingsuncoveredbytheHumanEngineeringLaboratories,theydiscoveredthat,vocabulary,morethananyotherfactoryetknown,predictsfinancialsuccess.Newwordsmakeusbetterthinkersaswellascommunicators.Whatbetterreasonforbeginningrightnowtoextendyourvocabulary？Buthow？Hybrid（杂交产生的）corncombinesthebestqualitiesofseveralvarietiestoensuremaximumproductivity.Ahybridapproachtovocabularyshould,inthesameway,ensuremaximumresults.That'swhyyoushouldusetheCPDformula.ThroughContext.Whenstudentsinacollegeclasswereaskedwhatshouldbedonewhentheycameacrossanunknownwordintheirreading,84percentsaid,"Lookitupinthedictionary."Ifyoudo,however,youshort-circuittheverymentalprocessesneededtomakeyoureffortsmostproductive.Butthere'sanotherreason.Supposesomeoneasksyouwhattheword"fast"means.Youanswer,"speedyorswift".Butdoesitmeanthatinsuchcontextas"fastcolor"or"fastfriend"？Andifahorseisfast,isitsecurelytiedorgallopingattopspeed？Itcouldbeeither.Italldepends.Onthedictionary？No,onthecontext.Afterall,thereareovertwentydifferentmeaningsfor"fast"inthedictionary.Butthedictionarydoesn'ttellyouwhichmeaningisintended.That'swhyitmakessuchgoodsensetobeginwithcontext.ThroughWordParts.Nowforthenextstep.Oftenunfamiliarwordscontainoneormoreparts,which,ifrecognized,providedefinitehelpwithmeaning.Taketheword"monolithic"forexample.Trytoseparatetheparts.Thereistheprefixmono-,meaning"one",andtheroot-lith,meaning"stone".Finally,there'sthesuffix-ic,meaning"consistingof".Thosethreepartsadduptothisdefinition："consistingofonestone".Tospeedupyouruseofwordparts,youwillbeintroducedtothefourteenmostimportantwordsintheEnglishlanguage.Theprefixandrootelementsinthosefewwordsarefoundinover14,000words.Withthoseamazinglyusefulshortcuts,youcanbuildupvocabulary,notatasnail'space,onewordatatime,butingiantleaps,uptoathousandwordsatatime.ThroughtheDictionary.Nowyoucanseewhyyoushouldconsultthedictionarylast,notfirst.You'velookedcarefullyatthecontext.You'velookedforfamiliarwordparts.NowyouplaySherlockHomes.Inlightofcontextorwordparts,youtrytosolveamystery.Whatexactlydoesthatstrangewordmean?Onlyafteryougothroughthementalgymnasticstocomeupwithatentative（不确定的）definitionshouldyouopenthedictionarytoseeifyou'reright.Youarenowpersonallyinvolved.Yourincreasedinterestwillleadtoabettermemoryofbothwordandmeaning.Italsoencouragesyourdevelopmentofthehabitsneededtoaccelerateyourp