2023届云南省红河州-高考考前模拟英语试题含解析

2023高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasn’tableto______.A．getaway B．dropin C．checkout D．holdon2．Iwishyouwouldn'tbeso________；youmakefacesateverythingIsay.A．weirdB．politeC．reluctantD．serious3．—HowdidyoufindProfessorSmith’sspeechlastnight?—Tobefrank,hisspeechdidn’t________tome.A．appeal B．belongC．refer D．occur4．Itwasconsiderate_____younottoplaythepianowhileIwasasleep.A．of B．for C．to D．from5．ItisobviousthatJohnisunhappy._________,itcomesasnosurprisethatshehasdecidedtochangeherjob.A．However B．Otherwise C．Moreover D．Therefore6．Juliahasgotapretty_deal—shewaslaidoffjustforbeinglateonce!A．roughB．toughC．illegalD．mean7．—-Whatdifferencewillitmake_____weshallgototheconcertonTuesdayorSaturday?—Theyofferadiscountonweekdays.A．thatB．whenC．ifD．why8．Ifshe________generousasshemakesoutshewouldhavedonatedmoremoneyinthecatastrophe.A．hadbeen B．wereC．wouldbe D．was9．Newenergy-sharingprojects_____indozensofcitiesacrossthecountrytofuelChina’ssharingeconomyinthenextfewyears.A．aretocarryout B．arebeingcarriedoutC．werecarriedout D．willhavebeencarriedout10．Theeducationalreformisnowunderwaythroughoutthecountry,________thestudentsmoreopportunitiestodeveloptotheirgreatestpotential.A．tograntB．havinggrantedC．grantingD．granted11．-Whodoyouthinkisabletofinishthejobintwodays?-It'shardtosay.Thiswouldappeartobe________fortherelativelyefficient.A．asacredcowB．aHerculeantaskC．aPandora'sboxD．achild'splay12．Youcanusethisroomforyourclubactivitiestomorrow______youkeepittidyandclean.A．forfearthat B．incaseC．onconditionthat D．evenif13．Thevarietyoffoodattherestaurantislimited,buteverymealcanserveatleasttwopeopleandisunder¥10,sonotonlyisit______butpracticalaswell.A．adaptableB．adjustableC．adoptableD．affordable14．Julieisoneofthosewomenwhoalwaysthelatestfashion.A．putupwith B．keepupwith C．comeupwith D．getonwith15．Thisisaveryinterestingbook.I’llbuyit，________.A．howmuchmayitcost B．nomatterhowitmaycostC．howevermuchitmaycost D．whatevermayitcost16．henewly-discoveredstarwasnamed_____aChineseastronomer________hiscontributionstoastronomy.A．for;infavorof B．after;inhonorofC．by;inmemoryof D．as;inpraiseof17．Therealwinnersinsportarethosewhoknowhowtopersevereandtobehavewith________—whethertheywinorloseagame.A．certaintyB．cautionC．dignityD．independence18．—Dad,youshouldhavetakenmetothefootballmatchthismorning.—Ihadintendedto,butIcouldn’tspareanytime,I_____areport.A．hadwrittenB．wroteC．waswritingD．wouldwrite19．Thewitnessanimportantdetailwhendescribingtheaccident.A．broughtout B．keptoffC．leftout D．raninto20．—Anythingtodrink?Whataboutcoffee?—Er…IthinkI’llhaveacolddrinkcoffee.A．otherthan B．morethan C．lessthan D．ratherthan第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）KangSung-ilbuysSancho,hisPomeranian,atoyeverybusinesstripandthislunarNewYearholidaywilldresshimupinsnew$50suittovisit‘grandma’,Kang’smother.Kangandhiswifesaychildrenaretooexpensiveandbringtoomuchpressure.InsteadtheyhavechosentoshowerSanchowithloveandgifts.Theyarenotalone.SouthKorea’spetindustryisbooming,fuelledbythesamefactorsthathavemadethecountry’sbirthrate,at1.05birthsperwoman,thelowestintheworld:thehighcostofeducationandhousingaswellasextremelylongworkingdays.“SocialpressuresinSouthKoreaaresuchthatparentsarerequiredtoproviderresourcesfordecadesfromprivateschoolingtoartclasses,”saidKanga39yearoldmanagerofapetfuneralhome.Ontopofeducationexpenses,anaverageanhouseholdmustbudgetroughly12.8yearsofincometobuyamid-rangehome,comparedto8.8yearsin2014,datafromKBKookminBankshows.Addingtotheirstress,southKoreansworkthethirdmosthoursperyearamongOECD(经合组织)nations,nextonlytoMexicoandcostaRica.Pet-owninghouseholdshaveroseto28percentofallSouthKoreanhouseholdsin2018,comparedwith18percentin2012,governmentdatashows.Thatinturnhasresultedinaprosperouspetcareindustrywhoseofferingsincludetailoredpetdietsandhigh-pricedphotoshoots.Pet-relatedstartupsarealsopopularwithventurecapitalists.ThesouthKoreanpet-relatedindustrywasworth2.7trillionwon($2.4billion)lastyear,andthatcouldmorethandoubleinsizeby2027,accordingtotheKoreanRuralEconomicInstitute.1、Whatdotheunderlinedwords“hisPomeranian”inparagraphIreferto?A．Hisson. B．Hispet.C．Atoy. D．Sancho’sbrother.2、WhatmayNOTbetheresultofexpensiveeducationandhousesalongwithlongworkinghours?A．ThebirthrateinSouthKoreanisthelowestintheworld.B．28percentoftheSouthKoreanfamiliesraisedpetsin2018.C．Therearemorepet-relatedbusinessesthanbefore.D．Parentssendtheirchildrentoprivateschools.3、Whichofthefollowingmaybetheserviceofferedinapet-relatedindustry?A．Trainingthepettobeatailor. B．Showeringthepetwithgifts.C．Takingpicturesforcustomers’pets. D．Shootingthepetwithafalsegun.4、Accordingtothepassage,manypeoplethinkthatgivingbirthtoababyA．Coststoomuch B．IsamustC．Isboring D．Bringshappiness22．（8分）CantrainingYourWorkingMemoryMakeYouSmarter?Wewouldallliketoincreaseourcognitive(认知的)abilitybeyondthelimitssetbyMotherNature.Soit’snowonderthatbrain-trainingprogrammes—whichtypicallyfocusontrainingourworkingmemory—areamultibillion-dollarindustry.Butcanthiskindoftrainingreallymakeussmarter?Cognitivetrainingseesthebrainasakindofmusclethatcanbemadestrongerwiththerightkindofpractice.Itconsistsoftasksorgamescarriedoutoncomputersorsmartphones.Despitemuchresearch,therehassofarbeennoagreementaboutitseffectiveness.Somethinkthatcognitivetrainingincreasesabroadrangeofcognitiveabilities,whileotherslessoptimistic.Yetwedoknowthatsomecognitiveskills,suchasworkingmemoryandintelligence,tendtogotogetherandarepredictorsofreal-lifeskillssuchasworkperformance.Thus,trainingonecognitiveskillmightleadtoanimprovementinmanyothercognitiveandnon-cognitiveskills.Thatisexactlytheunderlyinghypothesis(假设)onwhichworking-memorytrainingisbased.Totestthishypothesis,weexaminedallthestudiesaboutworking-memorytrainingwecouldfindwithnormallydevelopingchildren:26experimentsand1,601totalparticipants.Childrenrepresentanidealtestgroup:duringchildhood,skillsarestillatthebeginningoftheirdevelopment.Thus,cognitivetrainingismorelikelytosucceedwithchildrenthanadults.Theresultswereveryclear.Working-memorytrainingdidnotshowanyeffectonchildren’sfluidintelligence,aperson’sabilitytosolvenewproblemsandadapttonewsituations.Itdidn’tinfluencetheiracademicachievementorothercognitiveabilities,either.Theonlyreliableeffectwasthatchildrengotbetteratwhattheytrainedtodo.Nomore,noless.Soperformingworking-memorytasksdoesseemtomakeyoubetteratdoingthem.Nonetheless,thefactthatparticipantsgotbetteratsuchtasksdoesnotnecessarilymeanthattheirworking-memoryabilityincreased.Theymayjusthavelearnthowtoperformthatparticulartypeoftask.Theresultsdoindicatethattheuseofworking-memorytrainingprogramsasaneducationaltoolisfruitless.Moregenerally,togetherwithotherresearch,theresultscontributetodisprovingcognitivetrainingcompaniespromisesofabetterbrain.Theresultshaveevenmoreimportantimplicationstheoretically.Theyquestionthehypothesisthattraininggeneralcognitivemechanismscanaffectothercognitiveorreal-lifeskills.Beyondworking-memorytraining,otherrecentstudieshaveshowntheimprovingcognitiveskillsoutsidemusic-includingacademicskills.However,thesenegativeresultsmustnotdiscourageusfromtrainingourcognitiveandnon-cognitiveskills.Wejusthavetobeawareoftheactuallimitationsofsuchpracticeinareasoutsidewhatweareactuallytraining.Butthatdoesn’tmeanweshouldn’tdoit-themostefficientwaytodevelopaskillis,afterall,totrainthatskill.1、Tofindouttheeffectofworkingmemorytraining,theauthor________.A．madesomescientificstudiesB．reviewedthepreviousresearchC．compareddifferenttestgroupsD．gotsomechildreninvolvedintheexperiment2、Childrenjoiningintheexperimentswereableto__________.A．dobetterinthefieldwheretheyaretrainedB．obtaingreateracademicachievementsC．adjusttonewsituationsquicklyD．succeedwhentheydealwithreallifeproblems3、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthecognitivetraining?A．PessimisticB．DisapprovingC．ObjectiveD．Optimistic4、Cognitivetrainingislikelyto_______accordingtothepassage.A．discoverthesecretsofhumanmindsB．makeone’sbrainstrongerbywayofpracticeC．earnagoodnameforthetrainingcompanyD．bringmuchprofittothetrainingcompanies23．（8分）ItisquiteapparentthatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonrainforest.Withoutitwewouldnothavegrownintoprimates(灵长类动物).Orwewouldprobablystillbestrugglingtosharpenabronzetoolwhilecrawlingaroundonfourlegsinsearchofmeat.Withoutcompetition,Columbuswouldn’thavediscoveredAmericaandEdisonwouldneverhaveinventedthelightbulb.Friendship,likeallrelationshipsbetweentwopeople,involvescompetition.Itisn’tcompetitioninatraditionalsensebecausetherearenogoalstobescoredandnoprize.Perhapstheecologicaldefinition---thesimultaneous(同时)demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrinents,livingspace,orlight---betterexplainsit.Asinnature,highschoollifeisgovernedbyasetoflaws,similartoashortenedversionofDarwin’stheoryofevolution,overpopulation,andcompetition.Thereisanabundanceofhighschoolstudentsandtodistinguishthem,rankingandcategorizing(分类)takeplace.Inhighschool,friendshipslearntocoexistwithcompetitioneventhoughattimestherelationshipisrough.Infact,insomecircumstance,competitionistoomuchofaburdenforafriendshiptobear,causingittofallapart.Collegeadmissionisthefinalhighschoolobjective.Fouryearsofhardworkistoachievegoodgrades,andastudent’sfateisdeterminednotonlybytheseachievements,butbytherecordsofthousandsofotherseniorstryingtoachieveasimilarrecognition.Nevertheless,bynecessity,competitionbetweenstudentsexistsinallaspectsofhighschoollife.Itsetsandimprovesthestandardsineverythingfromsportstoschoolwork.Ahealthy,friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenitbecomestoofierce,jealousy(妒忌)cantearfriendshipsapart.Yet,despiteallthis,withoutcompetition,wewouldbelost.1、Whatdoestheecologicaldefinitionmainlyexplain?A．Howtowinthecompetition.B．Whatcompetitionexactlyis.C．Whattheresultofcompetitionis.D．Howfriendscompetewitheachother.2、Accordingtothewriter,whatcausesthehighschoolstudentstocompete?A．Theyknowthelawsofnaturewell.B．Friendshipisaburdenforthem.C．Thenumberofthemistoolarge.D．Theyaredividedintodifferentgroups.3、Whichbestdescribestherelationshipoffriendshipandcompetition?A．Friendshipisalwaysbasedoncompetition.B．Competitionisaresultoflostfriendship.C．Competitionisterriblyharmfultofriendships.D．Thedegreeofcompetitionisvitaltofriendship.4、Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“competition”?A．Competitioniscertaintohappenatschool.B．Theresultofcompetitionareoutofcontrol.C．Competitionbecomesfierceinhighschool.D．Friendshipisnotasimportantascompetitionatschool.24．（8分）Googleisconsistentlyratedthebestplacetowork.SoyouneedadegreefromHarvardtointhedoor,right?Notreally，accordingtoLaszloBock，Google'sHeadofPeopleOperations.Whenthecompanywassmall,GooglecaredalotaboutgettingkidsfromHarvard,Stanford,MITandmanyotherIvyLeagueschools.ButBocksaiditwasthe“wrong”hiringstrategy.Experiencehastaughthimthereareexceptionalkidsatmanyotherplaces,fromstateschoolsinCaliforniatoNewYork.“Whatwefindisthebestpeoplefromplaceslikethatarejustasgood，ifnotbetter，asanybodyyoucangetfromanyIvyLeagueschool，”saidBock，whojustauthoredabooktitled“WorkRules!”Everyyear，2millionpeopleapplytogetajobatGoogle.Bockhimselfhasseensome25,000résumés.SowhatelsedoesGooglenotcareabout:Grades:Google'sdatashowsthatgradespredictperformanceforthefirsttwoyearsofacareer，butdonotmatterafterthat.Brain-teasers:Goneareinterviewquestionssuchas:Whyaremanholecovers（井盖)round?orHowmanygolfballscanfitinaschoolbus?“Ourresearchtellsusthosequestionsareawasteoftime,”Bocksaid“They’reareallycoachableskill.Themoreyoupractice,yougetbetteratit.”Here'swhatGoogledoescareabout:Problemsolvers:Yourcognitiveability(认知能力),orhowwellyousolveproblems.Leaders:Theideaisnotwhetheryouwerepresidentofthestudentbodyorvicepresidentofthebank,butrather:“Whenyouseeaproblemdoyoustepin,helpsolveit,”andthencritically，“Areyouwillingtostepoutandletsomebodyelsetakeover，andmakeroomforsomebodyelse?Areyouwillingtogiveuppower?”Googleyness:That'swhatGooglecallsitsculturalfit.It'snot“Areyoulikeus?”Bocksaid.“Weactuallylookforpeoplewhoaredifferent，becausediversitygivesusgreatideas.”“What'smostimportantisthatpeopleareintellectuallyhumble,willingtoadmitwhenthey'rewrong,andcareabouttheenvironmentaroundthem...becausewewantpeoplewhothinklikeownersnotemployess,”Bocksaid.Theleastimportantthing?Knowinghowtodothejob.“Wefigureifyougetthefirstthreerightyou'llfigureitoutmostofthetime.”1、WhatdoesBockmeaninParagraph2?A．Peoplefromstateschoolscanbeasgood.B．GooglenolongerhirespeoplefromIvyLeagueschools.C．HiringisahardjobforGoogle.D．StateschoolsareworsethanIvyLeagueones.2、Whichquestionbelongstoabrain-teaser?A．Whatareyourgradeslike?B．Whatisthesignificanceoffiguringouttargetusers?C．HowwouldyouimproveaGoogleproduct?D．HowmuchtoiletpaperisneededtocoverTexas?3、WhoisaqualifiedleaderaccordingtoGoogle?A．Oneeagerforpower.B．Onecapableofworkingindependently.C．Onewillingtostepaside.D．Oneoperatinganorganization.4、WhatisGoogleyness?A．Beingunique.B．Beingadaptable.C．Beingqualified.D．Beingloyal.25．（10分）ASafePersonalAlarmMOSTEFFECTIVEDEFENSELoud:125dBear-piercing(刺耳的)panicalarmthatscaresawayattackersProventobemoreeffectivethanpeppersprayasadefensetoolAlsocommonlyusedbyseniorstocallforhelpincaseoffallingSUPEREASYTOUSESimplypullthepin,andthisear-piercingalarmwillworkforuptoahalfhourofcontinuoussoundPlugthepinbackintostopthealarm．(Canbere-usedoverandoveragain)Easilyattachestokeys,purses,backpacksorbeltsWHATPEOPLEARESAYING“Extremelypleasedwithmypersonalalarmsystem．Ifeelmuchsaferinmyeverydaylifehavingitinmypocketorhandbag．Afriendrecentlyhadanunsettlingexperienceinanoutdoorparkinglotofagrocerystore,soIorderedthisproductforher．Shewasdelightedtoreceiveitandtohavetheaddedprotectionandpeaceofminditoffers.”—JillianThompsonfromChicago,IL“OhmyWORD!ThisisSOloud!It’sperfecttocallattentiontoanunwantedsituationortocallattentiontoanythingwhereyoumayneedassistance．Igotmyselfoneandoneforeachofmykids．ThepinreleaseseasilyBUTitdoesn’tseemtojustfallouteithersoyoucancarrywitheaseandwon’thavetoworryaboutsettingitoff．Butifyoudo,it’seasytoslipitrightbackin．Haha!Alittlepullwillgiveyouarealgoodideawhatit’scapableof,Ipromise.”—AngelaKelleyfromPaloAlto,CA“Boughtthreefortheyoungwomeninourfamily．TheywereallveryhappywiththeeaseofuseandhowLOUDitis．Woulddefinitelybuyagain.”—BillyPerkinsfromIndianapolis,INAreyoureadytoprotectyourselfandyourlovedonesfromthebadguys?1、Howdoesthesafepersonalalarmwork?A．Loudandcontinuousnoisegiveswarningorcallsforhelpwhensomeoneisindanger．B．Itcanbeusedasasharpknifetodriveawayattackersandeffectivelyprotectitsuser．C．Intimesofdanger,itcangooffautomaticallyandlastuntilassistanceissuccessfullygiven．D．Apullcanhelpitsusertoavoidanunwantedsituationorwarnitsuserofpossibledanger．2、Thesafepersonalalarmisparticularlyusefulfor．A．someonewhoislookingforagiftforhisfamilyB．astudentwhohastroublewakingupforschoolC．kids,ladies,orseniorsintimeoftroubleD．anyonewhohasadeeploveforhisfamily3、“WHATPEOPLEARESAYING”isattachedheremainlyto．A．explaintheuseoftheproductB．promotetheadvertisedproductC．showgreatthankstotheproducerD．shareexperiencewithreaders第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）WhenIspentthesummerwithmyGrandpainWarwick,hesentmetoMissBee'sstore.1thecounterwasMissBee.Apairofglassesteetered(摇摇欲坠)onthe2ofhernose,grayhairwas3onherhead.“Excuseme.Ineedtogetthese.”Isaid.“So?”Shepushedherglasses4hernose.“There'snoonehereexceptyouandmeandI'mnotyour5.Gogetthem.Ifyou'reluckyyou'llfinishshoppingbysundown.”Sundownwasfivehours6.Iwasn'tsurelwould7it.HowcouldIhopetofindanythingonthepacked,jumbled(乱堆的)shelvesaroundme?IvisitedMissBeeseveraltimesaweek.Sometimessheshort-chargedme.Othertimessheovercharged.8shesoldmea/an9newspaperinsteadofonethatwascurrent.Goingtothestorewasmorelikegoingintobattle.“Thatbreadisonlytwenty-ninecents!”Icorrectedheroneafternoon.Ihadwatchedthenumberschangeonthecashregister(收款机)closely,andMissBeehadadded35cents.Shedidn'tseem10thatIhadcaughther11.Shejustlookedatmeand12.theprice.AllsummerIlearnedthehardwayto13mylist.Butshestillfoundwaysto14meintomakingmistakes.NosoonerhadImemorizedtheitems'locationontheshelfthanMissBee15theshelvesandmademehuntfor16alloveragain.ThemorningIwasto17toBrooklyn,Istoppedintogetapacketofgum.“Allright,”shesaid.“Whatdidyoulearnthissummer?”Shewasmean!Ipressedmylipstogether.Tomy18,MissBeelaughed.“Iknowwhatyouthinkofme,”shesaid.“butwhenyougetolderyou'llbegladourpaths19!”GladImetMissBee?Theideawas20.NowIgrowupandIfinallyunderstandIreallylearnedalotfromMissBee.1、A．On.B．Under.C．Behind.D．Over.2、A．bottom.B．side.C．tip.D．middle.3、A．piled.B．covered.C．grown.D．worn.4、A．down.B．up.C．out.D．over.5、A．boss.B．guest.C．customer.D．maid.6、A．before.B．away.C．about.D．off.7、A．make.B．dependon.C．seeto.D．keep.8、A．But.B．And.C．Or.D．So.9、A．new.B．bad.C．broken.D．old.10、A．pleased.B．embarrassed.C．excited.D．satisfied.11、A．payingmore.B．chargingmore.C．chargingless.D．payingless.12、A．increased.B．rewarded.C．corrected.D．raised.13、A．addup.B．bringup.C．lookup.D．putup.14、A．arguing.B．forcing.C．persuading.D．tricking.15、A．rebuilt.B．rearranged.C．regained.D．reclaimed.16、A．them.B．her.C．it.D．him.17、A．leave.B．start.C．come.D．return.18、A．amazement.B．joy.C．regret.D．disappointment.19、A．led.B．crossed.C．went.D．passed.20、A．reasonable.B．instructive.C．absurd.D．wise.第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Lastweekendourschoolheldasportsmeeting.1．(realize)itwasourlasthighschoolsportsmeeting，wedecidedtomakeit2．unforgettableexperienceforallofus.Wefirstattendedtheopeningparade，for3．ourclasshadmadealotof4．(prepare).5．ourexcitement，ourparadeperformancewasagreatsuccess.Aftertheparade，thegamesstarted.Myclassmatesattended6．(vary)eventssuchasrunning，highjumpandlongjump.Duetothehardtrainingthey7．(do)before，theirperformanceswerevery8．(impress)．Myclassmatesapplaudedandcheeredfortheathletes，someraisingtheircamerastocapturetheexcitingmoments.Finally，theresult9．(announce).10．wasamazingthatourclasswonthesecondplace.Oureffortspaidoff!Cupinhand，wetookapicturetogether.Ibelievethissportsmeetingwillremainapreciousmemoryforallofusastimegoesby.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。OnedayIwasinourlocalpizzatakeoutwhencoupleteenagerscameintoorderpizzas.Theyeachorderedasmallpersonal-sizepizzaforthem.Andtheyorderedanother3largepizzastobedeliveringtothefiredepartment,wherewashavingatrainingnight.Theyaskedforthedeliverypersontoincludeanotetheyhadwrote.Inittheythankedthememberofthefiredepartmentforalltheydoforthecommunityandforhelpingtheirfriendwhenheis