《C语言程序设计》课后习题答案()谭浩强

《C语言程序设计》课后习题答案()谭浩强《C语言程序设计》课后习题答案()谭浩强《C语言程序设计》课后习题答案()谭浩强资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月《C语言程序设计》课后习题答案()谭浩强版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：第1章程序设计和C语言1什么是计算机程序1什么是计算机语言1语言的发展及其特点3最简单的C语言程序5最简单的C语言程序举例6语言程序的结构10运行C程序的步骤与方法12程序设计的任务141-5#include<>intmain(){printf("**************************\n\n");printf("VeryGood!\n\n");printf("**************************\n");return0;}1-6#include<>intmain(){inta,b,c,max;printf("pleaseinputa,b,c:\n");scanf("%d,%d,%d",&a,&b,&c);max=a;if(max<b)max=b;if(max<c)max=c;printf("Thelargestnumberis%d\n",max);return0;}第2章算法——程序的灵魂16什么是算法16简单的算法举例17算法的特性21怎样表示一个算法22用自然语言表示算法22用流程图表示算法22三种基本结构和改进的流程图26用NS流程图表示算法28用伪代码表示算法31用计算机语言表示算法32结构化程序设计方法34习题36第章最简单的C程序设计——顺序程序设计37顺序程序设计举例37数据的表现形式及其运算39常量和变量39数据类型42整型数据44字符型数据47浮点型数据49怎样确定常量的类型51运算符和表达式52语句57语句的作用和分类57最基本的语句——赋值语句59数据的输入输出65输入输出举例65有关数据输入输出的概念67用printf函数输出数据68用scanf函数输入数据75字符数据的输入输出78习题823-1#include<>#include<>intmain(){floatp,r,n;r=;n=10;p=pow(1+r,n);printf("p=%f\n",p);return0;}3-2-1#include<>#include<>intmain(){floatr5,r3,r2,r1,r0,p,p1,p2,p3,p4,p5;p=1000;r5=;r3=;r2=;r1=;r0=;p1=p*((1+r5)*5);#include<>#include<>intmain(){floatd=300000,p=6000,r=,m;m=log10(p/(p-d*r))/log10(1+r);printf("m=%\n",m);return0;}3-4#include<>intmain(){intc1,c2;c1=197;c2=198;printf("c1=%c,c2=%c\n",c1,c2);printf("c1=%d，c2=%d\n",c1,c2);return0;}3-5#include<>intmain(){inta,b;floatx,y;charc1,c2;scanf("a=%db=%d",&a,&b);scanf("%f%e",&x,&y);scanf("%c%c",&c1,&c2);printf("a=%d,b=%d,x=%f,y=%f,c1=%c,c2=%c\n",a,b,x,y,c1,c2);return0;}3-6#include<>intmain(){charc1='C',c2='h',c3='i',c4='n',c5='a';c1=c1+4;c2=c2+4;c3=c3+4;c4=c4+4;c5=c5+4;printf("passworis%c%c%c%c%c\n",c1,c2,c3,c4,c5);return0;}3-7#include<>intmain(){floath,r,l,s,sq,vq,vz;floatpi=;printf("请输入圆半径r，圆柱高h∶");scanf("%f,%f",&r,&h);#include<>intmain(){intx,y;printf("输入x:");scanf("%d",&x);if(x<1)/*x<1*/{y=x;printf("x=%3d,y=x=%d\n",x,y);}elseif(x<10)/*1=<x<10*/{y=2*x-1;printf("x=%d,y=2*x-1=%d\n",x,y);}else/*x>=10*/{y=3*x-11;printf("x=%d,y=3*x-11=%d\n",x,y);}return0;}4-7-1#include<>intmain(){intx,y;printf("enterx:");scanf("%d",&x);y=-1;if(x!=0)if(x>0)y=1;elsey=0;printf("x=%d,y=%d\n",x,y);return0;}4-7-2#include<>intmain(){intx,y;printf("pleaseenterx:");scanf("%d",&x);y=0;if(x>=0)if(x>0)y=1;elsey=-1;printf("x=%d,y=%d\n",x,y);return0;}4-8#include<>intmain(){floatscore;chargrade;printf("请输入学生成绩:");scanf("%f",&score);while(score>100||score<0){printf("\n输入有误,请重输");scanf("%f",&score);}switch((int)(score/10)){case10:case9:grade='A';break;case8:grade='B';break;case7:grade='C';break;case6:grade='D';break;case5:case4:case3:case2:case1:case0:grade='E';}printf("成绩是%,相应的等级是%c\n",score,grade);return0;}4-9#include<>#include<>intmain(){intnum,indiv,ten,hundred,thousand,ten_thousand,place;位,万位和位数printf("请输入一个整数(0-99999):");scanf("%d",&num);if(num>9999)place=5;elseif(num>999)place=4;elseif(num>99).=%d\n",sn);return0;}5-6#include<>intmain(){doubles=0,t=1;intn;for(n=1;n<=20;n++){t=t*n;s=s+t;}printf("1!+2!+...+20!=%\n",s);return0;}5-7#include<>intmain(){intn1=100,n2=50,n3=10;doublek,s1=0,s2=0,s3=0;for(k=1;k<=n1;k++)/*计算1到100的和*/{s1=s1+k;}for(k=1;k<=n2;k++)/*计算1到50各数的平方和*/{s2=s2+k*k;}for(k=1;k<=n3;k++)/*计算1到10的各倒数和*/{s3=s3+1/k;}printf("sum=%\n",s1+s2+s3);return0;}5-8#include<>intmain(){inti,j,k,n;printf("parcissusnumbersare");for(n=100;n<1000;n++){i=n/100;j=n/10-i*10;k=n%10;if(n==i*i*i+j*j*j+k*k*k)printf("%d",n);}printf("\n");return0;}5-9-1#defineM1000/*定义寻找范围*/#include<>intmain(){intk1,k2,k3,k4,k5,k6,k7,k8,k9,k10;inti,a,n,s;for(a=2;a<=M;a++)/*a是2-1000之间的整数，检查它是否完数*/{n=0;/*n用来累计a的因子的个数*/s=a;/*s用来存放尚未求出的因子之和，开始时等于a*/for(i=1;i<a;i++)/*检查i是否a的因子*/if(a%i==0)/*如果i是a的因子*/{n++;/*n加1，表示新找到一个因子*/s=s-i;/*s减去已找到的因子，s的新值是尚未求出的因子之和*/switch(n)/*将找到的因子赋给k1...k9，或k10*/{case1:k1=i;break;/*找出的笫1个因子赋给k1*/case2:k2=i;break;/*找出的笫2个因子赋给k2*/case3:k3=i;break;/*找出的笫3个因子赋给k3*/case4:k4=i;break;/*找出的笫4个因子赋给k4*/case5:k5=i;break;/*找出的笫5个因子赋给k5*/case6:k6=i;break;/*找出的笫6个因子赋给k6*/case7:k7=i;break;/*找出的笫7个因子赋给k7*/case8:k8=i;break;/*找出的笫8个因子赋给k8*/case9:k9=i;break;/*找出的笫9个因子赋给k9*/case10:k10=i;break;/*找出的笫10个因子赋给k10*/}}if(s==0){printf("%d,Itsfactorsare",a);if(n>1)printf("%d,%d",k1,k2);/*n>1表示a至少有2个因子*/if(n>2)printf(",%d",k3);/*n>2表示至少有3个因子，故应再输出一个因子*/if(n>3)printf(",%d",k4);/*n>3表示至少有4个因子，故应再输出一个因子*/if(n>4)printf(",%d",k5);/*以下类似*/if(n>5)printf(",%d",k6);if(n>6)printf(",%d",k7);if(n>7)printf(",%d",k8);if(n>8)printf(",%d",k9);if(n>9)printf(",%d",k10);printf("\n");}}return0;}5-9-2#include<>intmain(){intm,s,i;for(m=2;m<1000;m++){s=0;for(i=1;i<m;i++)if((m%i)==0)s=s+i;if(s==m){printf("%d,itsfactorsare",m);for(i=1;i<m;i++)if(m%i==0)printf("%d",i);printf("\n");}}return0;}5-10#include<>intmain(){inti,n=20;doublea=2,b=1,s=0,t;for(i=1;i<=n;i++){s=s+a/b;t=a,a=a+b,b=t;}printf("sum=%\n",s);return0;}5-11#include<>intmain(){doublesn=100,hn=sn/2;intn;for(n=2;n<=10;n++){sn=sn+2*hn;/*第n次落地时共经过的米数*/hn=hn/2;/*第n次反跳高度*/}printf("第10次落地时共经过%f米\n",sn);printf("第10次反弹%f米\n",hn);return0;}5-12#include<>intmain(){intday,x1,x2;day=9;x2=1;while(day>0){x1=(x2+1)*2;/*第1天的桃子数是第2天桃子数加1后的2倍.*/x2=x1;day--;}printf("total=%d\n",x1);return0;}5-13#include<>#include<>intmain(){floata,x0,x1;printf("enterapositivenumber:");scanf("%f",&a);x0=a/2;x1=(x0+a/x0)/2;do{x0=x1;x1=(x0+a/x0)/2;}while(fabs(x0-x1)>=1e-5);printf("Thesquarerootof%is%\n",a,x1);return0;}5-14#include<>#include<>intmain(){doublex1,x0,f,f1;x1=;do{x0=x1;f=((2*x0-4)*x0+3)*x0-6;f1=(6*x0-8)*x0+3;x1=x0-f/f1;}while(fabs(x1-x0)>=1e-5);printf("Therootofequationis%\n",x1);return0;}5-15#include<>#include<>intmain(){floatx0,x1,x2,fx0,fx1,fx2;do{printf("enterx1&x2:");scanf("%f,%f",&x1,&x2);fx1=x1*((2*x1-4)*x1+3)-6;fx2=x2*((2*x2-4)*x2+3)-6;}while(fx1*fx2>0);do{x0=(x1+x2)/2;fx0=x0*((2*x0-4)*x0+3)-6;if((fx0*fx1)<0){x2=x0;fx2=fx0;}else{x1=x0;fx1=fx0;}}while(fabs(fx0)>=1e-5);printf("x=%\n",x0);return0;}5-16#include<>intmain(){inti,j,k;for(i=0;i<=3;i++){for(j=0;j<=2-i;j++)printf("");for(k=0;k<=2*i;k++)printf("*");printf("\n");}for(i=0;i<=2;i++){for(j=0;j<=i;j++)printf("");for(k=0;k<=4-2*i;k++)printf("*");printf("\n");}return0;}5-17#include<>intmain(){chari,j,k;/*是a的对手;j是b的对手;k是c的对手*/for(i='x';i<='z';i++)for(j='x';j<='z';j++)if(i!=j)for(k='x';k<='z';k++)if(i!=k&&j!=k)if(i!='x'&&k!='x'&&k!='z')printf("A--%c\nB--%c\nC--%c\n",i,j,k);return0;}第6章利用数组处理批量数据142怎样定义和引用一维数组142怎样定义一维数组143怎样引用一维数组元素144一维数组的初始化145一维数组程序举例146怎样定义和引用二维数组148怎样定义二维数组149怎样引用二维数组的元素150二维数组的初始化151二维数组程序举例152字符数组154怎样定义字符数组154字符数组的初始化155怎样引用字符数组中的元素155字符串和字符串结束标志156字符数组的输入输出159使用字符串处理函数161字符数组应用举例165习题1686-1#include<>#include<>intmain(){inti,j,n,a[101];for(i=1;i<=100;i++)a[i]=i;a[1]=0;for(i=2;i<sqrt(100);i++)for(j=i+1;j<=100;j++){if(a[i]!=0&&a[j]!=0)if(a[j]%a[i]==0)a[j]=0;}printf("\n");for(i=2,n=0;i<=100;i++){if(a[i]!=0){printf("%5d",a[i]);n++;}if(n==10){printf("\n");n=0;}}printf("\n");return0;}6-2#include<>intmain(){inti,j,min,temp,a[11];printf("enterdata:\n");for(i=1;i<=10;i++){printf("a[%d]=",i);scanf("%d",&a[i]);}printf("\n");printf("Theorginalnumbers:\n");for(i=1;i<=10;i++)printf("%5d",a[i]);printf("\n");for(i=1;i<=9;i++){min=i;for(j=i+1;j<=10;j++)if(a[min]>a[j])min=j;temp=a[i];a[i]=a[min];a[min]=temp;}printf("\nThesortednumbers:\n");for(i=1;i<=10;i++)printf("%5d",a[i]);printf("\n");return0;}6-3#include<>intmain(){inta[3][3],sum=0;inti,j;printf("enterdata:\n");for(i=0;i<3;i++)for(j=0;j<3;j++)scanf("%3d",&a[i][j]);for(i=0;i<3;i++)sum=sum+a[i][i];printf("sum=%6d\n",sum);return0;}6-4#include<>intmain(){inta[11]={1,4,6,9,13,16,19,28,40,100};inttemp1,temp2,number,end,i,j;printf("arraya:\n");for(i=0;i<10;i++)printf("%5d",a[i]);printf("\n");printf("insertdata:");scanf("%d",&number);end=a[9];if(number>end)a[10]=number;else{for(i=0;i<10;i++){if(a[i]>number){temp1=a[i];a[i]=number;for(j=i+1;j<11;j++){temp2=a[j];a[j]=temp1;temp1=temp2;}break;}}}printf("Nowarraya:\n");for(i=0;i<11;i++)printf("%5d",a[i]);printf("\n");return0;}6-5#include<>#defineN5intmain(){inta[N],i,temp;printf("enterarraya:\n");for(i=0;i<N;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);printf("arraya:\n");for(i=0;i<N;i++)printf("%4d",a[i]);for(i=0;i<N/2;i++)n",number);;printf("continuornot(Y/N)");scanf("%c",&c);if(c=='N'||c=='n')flag=0;}return0;}6-10#include<>intmain(){inti,j,upp,low,dig,spa,oth;chartext[3][80];upp=low=dig=spa=oth=0;for(i=0;i<3;i++){printf("pleaseinputline%d:\n",i+1);gets(text[i]);for(j=0;j<80&&text[i][j]!='\0';j++){if(text[i][j]>='A'&&text[i][j]<='Z')upp++;elseif(text[i][j]>='a'&&text[i][j]<='z')low++;elseif(text[i][j]>='0'&&text[i][j]<='9')dig++;elseif(text[i][j]=='')spa++;elseoth++;}}printf("\nuppercase:%d\n",upp);printf("lowercase:%d\n",low);printf("digit:%d\n",dig);printf("space:%d\n",spa);printf("other:%d\n",oth);return0;}6-11#include<>intmain(){chara[5]={'*','*','*','*','*'};inti,j,k;charspace='';for(i=0;i<5;i++){printf("\n");printf("");for(j=1;j<=i;j++)printf("%c",space);for(k=0;k<5;k++)printf("%c",a[k]);}printf("\n");return0;}6-12a-c#include<>intmain(){intj,n;charch[80],tran[80];printf("inputciphercode:");gets(ch);printf("\nciphercode:%s",ch);j=0;while(ch[j]!='\0'){if((ch[j]>='A')&&(ch[j]<='Z'))tran[j]=155-ch[j];elseif((ch[j]>='a')&&(ch[j]<='z'))tran[j]=219-ch[j];elsetran[j]=ch[j];j++;}n=j;printf("\noriginaltext:");for(j=0;j<n;j++)putchar(tran[j]);printf("\n");return0;}6-12b#include<>intmain(){intj,n;charch[80];printf("inputciphercode:\n");gets(ch);printf("\nciphercode:%s\n",ch);j=0;while(ch[j]!='\0'){if((ch[j]>='A')&&(ch[j]<='Z'))ch[j]=155-ch[j];elseif((ch[j]>='a')&&(ch[j]<='z'))ch[j]=219-ch[j];elsech[j]=ch[j];j++;}n=j;printf("originaltext:");for(j=0;j<n;j++)putchar(ch[j]);printf("\n");return0;}6-13#include<>intmain(){chars1[80],s2[40];inti=0,j=0;printf("inputstring1:");scanf("%s",s1);printf("inputstring2:");scanf("%s",s2);while(s1[i]!='\0')i++;while(s2[j]!='\0')s1[i++]=s2[j++];s1[i]='\0';printf("\nThenewstringis:%s\n",s1);return0;}6-14#include<>intmain(){inti,resu;chars1[100],s2[100];printf("inputstring1:");gets(s1);printf("\ninputstring2:");gets(s2);i=0;while((s1[i]==s2[i])&&(s1[i]!='\0'))i++;if(s1[i]=='\0'&&s2[i]=='\0')resu=0;elseresu=s1[i]-s2[i];printf("\nresult:%d.\n",resu);return0;}6-15#include<>#include<>intmain(){chars1[80],s2[80];inti;printf("inputs2:");scanf("%s",s2);for(i=0;i<=strlen(s2);i++)s1[i]=s2[i];printf("s1:%s\n",s1);return0;}第7章用函数实现模块化程序设计170为什么要用函数170怎样定义函数172为什么要定义函数172定义函数的方法173调用函数174函数调用的形式174函数调用时的数据传递175函数调用的过程177函数的返回值178对被调用函数的声明和函数原型179函数的嵌套调用182函数的递归调用184数组作为函数参数192数组元素作函数实参193数组名作函数参数194多维数组名作函数参数197局部变量和全局变量199局部变量199全局变量200变量的存储方式和生存期204动态存储方式与静态存储方式204局部变量的存储类别205全局变量的存储类别208存储类别小结212关于变量的声明和定义214内部函数和外部函数215内部函数215外部函数215习题2187-1-1#include<>intmain(){inthcf(int,int);intlcd(int,int,int);intu,v,h,l;scanf("%d,%d",&u,&v);h=hcf(u,v);printf("",h);l=lcd(u,v,h);printf("",l);return0;}inthcf(intu,intv){intt,r;if(v>u){t=u;u=v;v=t;}while((r=u%v)!=0){u=v;v=r;}return(v);}intlcd(intu,intv,inth){return(u*v/h);}7-1-2#include<>intHcf,Lcd;intmain(){voidhcf(int,int);voidlcd(int,int);intu,v;scanf("%d,%d",&u,&v);hcf(u,v);lcd(u,v);printf("",Hcf);printf("",Lcd);return0;}voidhcf(intu,intv){intt,r;if(v>u){t=u;u=v;v=t;}while((r=u%v)!=0){u=v;v=r;}Hcf=v;}voidlcd(intu,intv){Lcd=u*v/Hcf;}7-2#include<>#include<>floatx1,x2,disc,p,q;intmain(){voidgreater_than_zero(float,float);voidequal_to_zero(float,float);voidsmaller_than_zero(float,float);floata,b,c;printf("inputa,b,c:");scanf("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c);printf("equation:%*x*x+%*x+%=0\n",a,b,c);disc=b*b-4*a*c;printf("root:\n");if(disc>0){greater_than_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%f\t\tx2=%f\n",x1,x2);}elseif(disc==0){equal_to_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%f\t\tx2=%f\n",x1,x2);}else{smaller_than_zero(a,b);printf("x1=%f+%fi\tx2=%f-%fi\n",p,q,p,q);}return0;}voidgreater_than_zero(floata,floatb){x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);}voidequal_to_zero(floata,floatb){x1=x2=(-b)/(2*a);}voidsmaller_than_zero(floata,floatb){p=-b/(2*a);q=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);}7-3#include<>intmain(){intprime(int);intn;printf("inputaninteger:");scanf("%d",&n);if(prime(n))printf("%disaprime.\n",n);elseprintf("%disnotaprime.\n",n);return0;}intprime(intn){intflag=1,i;for(i=2;i<n/2&&flag==1;i++)if(n%i==0)flag=0;return(flag);}7-4#include<>#defineN3intarray[N][N];intmain(){voidconvert(intarray[][3]);inti,j;printf("inputarray:\n");for(i=0;i<N;i++)for(j=0;j<N;j++)scanf("%d",&array[i][j]);printf("\noriginalarray:\n");for(i=0;i<N;i++){for(j=0;j<N;j++)printf("%5d",array[i][j]);printf("\n");}convert(array);printf("convertarray:\n");for(i=0;i<N;i++){for(j=0;j<N;j++)printf("%5d",array[i][j]);prin