高中主谓一致练习题

主谓一致1)语法形式上要一致,即用作主语的名词中心词和谓语动词在单复数形式上一致2)意义上要一致,即主语和谓语的一致关系取决于主语的单复数意义3)就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Readingandwritingareveryimportant.注意①:当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。Theironandsteelindustryisveryimportanttoourlife.Truthandhonestyisthebestpolicy．Thegirl'steacherandfriendisayoungdoctor．Toloveandtobelovedisthegreathappiness.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisagoodhabit.Aknifeandforkisonthetable.TheLeaguesecretaryandmonitorwasaskedtomakeaspeechatthemeeting.注意②:and连接的两个单数名词前若用each,every,manya修饰,该名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式.例如:Manyabookand(manya)penisfoundintheschoolbag.Eachboyand(each)girlwantstoservethepeopleinfuture．主谓一致中就近一致原则以there,here,thefollowing开头的句子的主语是一系列事物时,以及在由notonly...butalso...,not...but...;or,either...or...,neither.nor...连接主语的句子中，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致Thereisapen,aknifeandseveralbooksonthedesk..Hereisapen,afewenvelopsandsomepaperforyou.Notyou,butIamtoblame.NotonlyJohnbutalsoIamgoingtoShanghainextweek.Eitheryouorsheistogo.NeitherLucynorCarolhasanymoneyleft.谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语后面跟有aswellas,with,alongwith,togetherwith,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,like,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto等引导的词组时,其谓语动词与前面的主语一致。例如:Theteachertogetherwithsomestudentsisvisitingthefactory.Theteacheraswellasthestudentswasexcited．John,ratherthanhisroommates,istoblame.Myhusband,morethananyoneelseinthefamily,islongingtogothereagain.Billy,togetherwithhissisters,waswoundedintheaccident.Nooneexcepttwogirlswaslateforschool.4代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词如everything,somebody,anyone等作主语,或主语中含有each,every,manya,morethanone修饰时，谓语需用单数.Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.Eachofushasatape-recorder.注意：Weeachhaveatape-recorder.5neither,none作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数,这要取决于说话人的看法.如Noneofushave/hasgotacamera.但是代表不可数名词时，只看做单数；neither做形容词使用时，与单数名词连用，谓语动词用单数。Noneofthismoneyismine.Neitherstatementistrue.6all作主语表示人时,谓语动词用复数;表示物时,谓语动词用单数.如:Allthatglittersisnotgold.Allareeagertoreachanagreement.Allarepresentandallisgoingwell.7在代词therest,what,which,who,some,any,more,most等词的单复数由其具体指代的词决定.Wehavetenbooks;youcanhavetwo,andtherestaremine.Thereisonlyacupofwater.Youcantakeasip,andtherestismine.8表示金钱,时间.距离.价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。Threeweekswasallowedformakingthenecessarypreparations.Tenyuanisenough.如果强调数目，用复数。Onehundredcentsmakeadollar.Morethanfiftyyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.9集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定.如family,crowd,class,board董事会army军队jury陪审团audience观众enemy敌人committee委员会flock羊群community共同体firm商号party政党company公司gang一群press新闻界council理事会government政府public公众couple对、双group组staff全体职员crew全体人员herd牧群team队等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体.Hisfamilyisn'tverylarge.他家不是一个大家庭.Hisfamilyaremusiclovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者.但集合名词people,police,cattle,poultry（家禽）.等在任何情况下都用复数形式.Arethereanypolicearound?但是请注意如果表示类指的集合名词humanity,man,mankind表示的是整体,即把这类人或事物的全部包括在内,所以只有单数形式.如作主语,谓语动词常用单数.10一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式：glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses（圆规），chopsticks,scissors等。但如果主语用akindof,apairof,aseriesof等加名词构成时,谓语动词则由单位词决定动词的单、复数形式。例如：Apairofshoeswasonthedesk．Twopairsofscissorsaremissingfrommytoolbox.11用halfof,partof,mostof,aportionof和分数、百分数等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词保持一致.Mostofhismoneyisspentonbooks.Mostofthestudentsaretakinganactivepartinsports.Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.12what引导的主语从句,谓语动词可视表语而定:表语是单数名词时,动词用单数,相反,则用复数Whattheywanttogetareanumberofgoodbooks.Whenandwheretheyaregoingtoholdthemeetingisstillunknown.（一件事情的两个方面）13动词不定式,动词-ing形式短语作主语时,谓语动词常用单数.例如:Goingoutforawalkaftersupperisagoodhabit."the+形容词/过去分词"作主语时的主谓一致当"the+形容词/过去分词"表示一类人或事物时,谓语动词用复数;如果指某一抽象概念时,谓语动词则用单数.如：①Thesickhereareverywellcaredfor.②Thetrueistobedistinguishedfromthefalse.在一些短语,如manya或morethanone所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式但由morethan・・・of作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致.Manyapersonhasreadthenovel.许多人都读过这本书.Morethanonestudenthasseenthefilm.但：Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.Morethan60percentofthestudentsarefromthecity.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市."oneandahalf+名词"作主语时,谓语动词要用单数.例如：Oneandahalfapplesisleftonthetable.桌子上有一个半苹果."Oneortwo+复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词用复数.例如：Oneortwopersonsaresenttheretohelpthemdothework."oneof+复数名词+定语从句"结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;而在"theonlyoneof+复数名词+定语从句"的结构中,定语从句的谓语动词要用单数.例如：Heisoneofthestudentswhogetthereontime.他是准时到达那里的学生之一.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhogetsthereontime.他是唯一一个准时到达那里的学生.Alargequantityof修饰名词，谓语动词用单数；largequantitiesof修饰名词，谓语动词用复数；alargeamountof修饰不可数名词,谓语动词用单数；largeamountsof修饰不可数名词,谓语动词用复数;TheoldwelllookedafterbythegovernmentinChina.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.wasThesecretaryandmanagerverybusynow.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereBoththesecretaryandthemanageragreedtoattendthemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.wasTomaswellastwoofhisclassmatesinvitedtotheparty.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeenEitheryouorIgoingtotheteachers‘officeafterclass.A.amB.isC.areD.willMostofhissparetimespentinreading.A.areB.wereC.wasD.havebeenThisisoneofthebestnovelsthatappearedthisyear.A.havebeenB.hasC.hadbeenD.haveTenthousanddollarsquitealargesum.A.areB.isC.wereD.haveAbout20percentoftheworkdoneyesterday.A.areB.isC.wereD.wasMrSmith，togetherwithhischildren，arrived.A.areB.hasC.isD.haveItIwholeavingforLondon.A.is…isB.am・・・isC.is…amD.am・・・amNotonlyTombutalsohiswifefondofwatchingtelevision.A.areB.wereC.beD.isWhenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryyet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecidedAlthoughthefirstpartofthebookiseasy，therest.A.aredifficultB.hasproveddifficultC.issupposeddifficultD.havebeenfounddifficultThattheywerewronginthesemattersnowcleartousall.A.isB.wasC.areD.wereHalfofhisgoodsstolentheotherday.A.areB.wereC.isD.wasMathematicsthelanguageofscience.A.areB.aregoingtobeC.isD.istobeEachofthestudentsaChinese-Englishdictionary.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereareTheyeachabeautifulhandkerchief.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereareBetweenthetworowsoftreestheteachingbuilding.A.standB.standsC.standingD.areThispairofshoesmadeinNanjing.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeenNooneexceptmyparentsanythingaboutit.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.haveknownAnumberofstudentsfromthesouth.A.areB.isC.haveD.hasThenumberofstudentsfromthenorthsmall.A.areB.isC.haveD.hasWritingstoriesandarticleswhatIenjoymost，A.isB.areC.wasD.wereHis“SelectedPoems”firstpublishedin1965.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.areMissSmithisafriendof.A.Mary‘smother'sB.Mary‘smotherC.Mother'sofMaryD.Marymother‘sAgooddealofmoneyspentonbooks.A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeenOnthewalltwolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hangingturngreeninspring.A.LeafB.LeafsC.LeaveD.LeavesFatherwenttohisdoctorforabouthishearttrouble.A.anadviceB.adviceC.advicesD.theadvicesAllbutoneherejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.wereThenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty，butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.A.were；wasB.was；wasC.was；wereD.were；wereTheairinbigcitiesverydirtybyfactories.A.areoftenmadeB.isoftenmadeC.haveoftenmadeD.hasoftenmadeNobodytosmokeinthecinema.A.allowsB.allowC.isallowedD.areallowedTheChinesepeoplehard-workingandbrave.A.areB.isC.hasbeenD.arebeingcanbedonebeendone.A.All；haveB.Allthat；haveC.All；hasD.Allthat；hasJohnhastwobrothers，buteitheroutofworknow.A.areB.isC.hasD.haveThepolicethemurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.A.issearchingforB.weresearchingforC.aresearchingforD.weresearchingApplesofthiskind.A.tastesgoodB.tasteswellC.tastegoodD.tastewellYourtrousersdirty，youmusthavewashed.A.is；itB.are；itC.are；themD.is；themWhererubbish，thereareflies.A.thereareB.thereisC.isD.therehasTheOlympicGamesheldeveryyears.A.is；fourB.are；fourC.is；fiveD.are；fiveManyamancometohelpus.A.haveB.hasC.isD.areHeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoelected.A.areB.haveC.hasD.is46.Three-fourthsofthehomeworktoday.A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havefinished47.ThosewhoA.hasn‘thanded；D.havebeenfinishedincompositions,pleasehandtheminthisafternoon.hisB.haven'thanded；theirC.hashanded；theirD.havehanded；hisJaneisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswhobytheirteacher.A.arepraisedB.ispraisedC.praisedD.praisingThewholeclasstheteacherattentively.A.arelisteningtoB.islisteningtoC.arelisteningD.