定语从句关系副词讲解及练习

定语从句关系副词讲解及练习定语从句关系副词讲解及练习定语从句关系副词讲解及练习V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考定语从句关系副词讲解及练习日期：20xx年X月定语从句中关系副词的用法

关系副词，顾名思义，是联系先行词和定语从句的词，属于副词。定语从句中的关系副词有三个：when,where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语。其句法结构如下：

表时间的名词+when+定语从句

when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

例句：IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.

I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.

表地点的名词+where+定语从句

where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

例句：Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.

ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.

表原因的名词reason+why+定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)

例句：ThatisthereasonwhyIdidthejob.(在现代英语中why可以省略)

上句也可以这样表示：

ThatisthereasonIdidthejob.

又如：

Thiswasthereason(why)weraisedthetemperature.

关系副词在定语从句中的用法看似简单，以下注意点不可忽视：

1）“when”、“where”和“why”的运用取就于表时间的名词、表地点的名词和表原因的名词reason在定语从句中所作的成分，比较下面的几组句子：

*IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstmetyouontheseashore.

*Iwillneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinXueyaoMiddleSchool.

**Thisisthehospitalwheremymotherworks.

**Thisisthehospitalwhich/thatwevisitedthedaybeforeyesterday.

***Thereasonwhyhedidnotgotoschoolisthathewasill.

***Thisisthereasonwhich/thathegavehisbossintheoffice.

2)“when”、“where”和“why”都可以替换成“介词+which”，介词的选用取就于先行词和定语从句中的动词。例如：

DoyoustillrememberthedayonwhichwefirstmetinNantong(onwhich=when)

Thisistheroominwhichwelivedlastyear.(inwhich=where)

DoyouknowthereasonforwhichherefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdayparty.(forwhich=why)

有时定语从句中介词短语和动词有意义紧密的修饰关系，尤其在非限制性定语从句中，常使用“介词+which”结构，而不使用关系副词。例如：

Mymotherworksinafactory,infrontofwhichthereisasmallriver.

Atnightthesoldiersgottoasmallhill,atthefootofwhichstoodafarmhouse.

3)关系副词“when”、“where”既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语从句。

例如：IwillalwaysrememberthedaywhenIfirstvisitedtheGreatWall.

HecametoShanghaiin1980,whenhewasonly12.

Idon’tknowtheexactspotwheretheywillmeet.

MrWangwillflytoBeijing,wherehewillstayforthreemonths.

有时关系副词“when”、“where”引导的限制性定语从句和先行词有间隔的现象，是为了平衡句子的语法需要。

DoyourememberoneafternoontenyearsagowhenIcametoyourhouseandborrowedadiamondnecklace？

ThedaysaregoneforeverwhentheChinesepeopleused“foreignoil.”.

4)“that”可活用为关系副词，相当于“when,where、why”和“介词+which”结构，尤其在“thetimewhen”等结构中的“when”常被“that”代替，而且“that”往往省略。

ImayleavehereanytimeIwantto.

DuringthetimeIwasthereIvisitedhimtwice.

ThisismysecondtimeIhavecometoyourcountry.

5)“which”有时可用作关系形容词，这是“which”在非限制性定语从句中的特殊使用，如：

Thedoctoradvisedhimtogive

定语从句专项练习

1．Thisistheplace_____Johnwasborn

A．which

B．where

C.when

D．that

2.

Heistheonlyperson____Iwanttotalkto.

A.that

B.which

C.who

D.whose

3．Isthisproblem_____theteacherexplainedlastweek

A．theone

B．that

C．whichD．one

4．Thehighbuilding_____standfourpolicemenisthepolicestation．

A．which

B．that

C．infrontofit

D.infrontofwhich

5．MymotherwillgiveMaryamodelplane_____shewillliketoplay．

A．which

B．that

C．forwhich

D．withwhich

6．Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.

A．until

B．that

Cwhen

D．where

7．Therearetimes_____IwonderwhyIdothisjob．

A．as

B．while

C．which

D．when

8．AfterlivinginLondonforthirtyyears，MrSmithreturnedtothesmalltown_____hegrewupasachild．

A．which

B．where

Cthat

D．when

9．Theyhadalongtalkaboutthepersonsandthings_____theybothknew．

A．whom

B．what

C.that

D．which

10．Thatistheverybook______Iamlookingfor.

A．that

B．which

C．what

D．as

11．Whoisthescientist_____isgoingtogiveusatalkonspacethisSunday

A．that

B．who

C.which

D．whom

12．Idon'tliketheway_____youspeaktoyourteacher．

A．／

B．inthat

C.which

D．ofwhich

13．Couldyoutellmewhentogetthebook______Iwanttoread

A．what

B．who

C．／

D．it

14．Thedays_____wespentinTokyotogetherwillneverbeforgotten.

A.when

B．which

C．who

D．onwhich

15．Apenfriendofmine______IoftenreceivelettersaskedmeforsomeChinesecoins.

A．who

B．whom

C．towho

D．from

whom

16.Don'tforgettheday_____youwereadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.

A．when

B．that

C．atwhich

D.where

17．Perhapsthisistheonlyshop_____youcangetsuchcheapgoods.

A.that

B．ofwhich

C．bywhich

D．where

18．Icanstillremembertheplace_____

mybrotherandIusedtositintheevening.

A．which

B．what

C.that

D．where

19．_______isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.

A.Which

B.When

C.What

D.As

20．All____isneededisasupplyofoil.

A.thething

B.what

C.that

D.which

21．Hewasseriouslyillwhenhewasachild,____madehimlosehissight.

A.as

B.that

C.which

D.it

22．Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____hecouldturnforhelp.

A.that

B.towhom

C.who

D.fromwhom

23．Hetoldthesamestory______Itold.

A.that

B.which

C.as

D.it

24．Thebestworkisthat____Tomhasdone.

A.it

B.which

C.when

D.where

25.Thefirstthing____weshoulddoistowatertheflowersinfrontoftheroom..

A.which

B.as

C.what

D.that

26.Anygirls___knewhimwereteachers.

A.where

B.that

C.they

D.whom

27.Thehousefellandhurtawomanandherdog___werejustpassingby.

A.which

B.as

C.that

D.who

28．Thatisthehotel____westayedlastyear.

A.inthat

B.inwhich

C.why

D.atwhich

29.Thisisthe答案与简析：

1．B.先行词是地点，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。

2.

A.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时，关系代词常用that。3．A.缺少先行词，故选A,作宾语的关系代词省略。

4．D．介词+关系代词引导定语从句。

5．D.playwith是一个固定结构，故选withwhich。

6．C．先行词为时间名词hours，在定语从句中作状语。

7．D．先行词为时间名词times，在定语从句中作状语。

8．B．先行词为地点名词，在定语从句从中作状语。

9．C．先行词包含人和物，关系代词只能用that。

10．A.先行词被thevery修饰，关系代词只能用that。

11．A.Who引导的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句关系代词只能用that,以免重复。

12．A.way为先行词时，关系代词用that或inwhich或不填。

13．C．关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，指物，可以用that或which或不填。

14．B．spent是及物动词，关系代词which作其宾语。

15．D．receivealetterfromsb．收到某人的来信，先行词为人，故选from