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附录1:外文原文SeismicCollapseSafetyofReinforcedConcrete
Buildings.II:ComparativeAssessmentof
NonductileandDuctileMomentFramesAbbieBLie),M.ASCE1:CurtB.Haselton,M.ASCE2;andGregoiyGDeierteJnhF_A0CiE”Ab&trad^This is。加耻面ndoftwooonipfinjcMi!papersIdexaniinEih&霖也i而c曲1匕哼safetj'ofin?infbn?EdCDiiciieteframetmiJiiingiandeotandiKfltuondiutibournwnt丘却n盥ihatarempresernaiiveofthembuUtbeforethemkl-1970sin口HfEniaThe国曲曲Ui前。aftrasmentreliesonnoMiiieardju^irtksimuhtbouof5mliamdrespoosetocalculaM3collapserisk,融勰m腌formuc时!ait*ingLouiid-LiiauonaisrartcristicsandsliucturalmadcLbig.Thuevatu国ticnconsidersasetofardidypita]nanductiJcRCfriimcatnjctui^sofvbjtji'histusighiT旋驷a氏il强@nedarcufdjiigladie*sdsmkprovisions,cfthe]Ste7UniformBuikljn^.Code.Tlie花训」眄mdk丑加曲iM的ndi值]]已RCfranae矶nwruresl僧mhmn职领aiUH^Ioftollapserangingfitim5w14xIQ-3抑&iypk闾liigkseism把CMifonihsite,whichisspprexanaately4DtimesIhancorrcspondijnigreisul拈formadismcodc-ccaifomiingspeciniRCmDHicritfrannts.TheseLTietriisdemonstratethectkctivcncssofductiledetailingaridcapacil55designjcquircnwnls^whkhhavebeentatraduccdoverthupsfl3()yearstomipiDvethesalenyofRCbuiJdjnjs.Daiaonrampaj^uve盟fhtybetweennonducdite卸klduculeframesmayah口biFarmIlie日的包呼m卸tofpcrfki皓for叩pm疝唔midmitigiiiliiigseismiccdlapseriskofcsus.lingRCfthjihjbtijldings.IX)L10J06M[ASCEJSTJ94J-541X.0ftM>27S,©202/AmeriamSwie/yqfC7w7Englers.CEDatabasesubjectheadings:StiuctuxTil同hurt与EaithqujikeengmeeiinmEtnjrtuniilreliability:Roiforxedcojscrtle:CoficrcKcstnicturcs:3亡拮miueffects:Framc-s.AuttlOFkeyworcts:Colhpse;Earthqin曲uengineenng;SUucturaJreliability;Reimiaradconcretestructurs.5;Euildirags;CcMimHrd<il;Seismice据CT&bt/odLiCtioniRcinfarccdconcrete(RC'lfrfinwstru^tui'csconstructedinCalitor-nGabefonthemid-I^Oslackinip口rtantfestui'esofgoodsEismkdesign”sufbasstringcolumnsaiidductiledclaiLingofrcinfaLcc-mei%mkiiLgthempDieniiallywlntrabletoginti罩阑吩・inducEdeU邛/Tliese口回曲解淞RC佰u幅轨tvcnwesh^ve加1叶国:siigiiHJeaiHearthquaked如mag层indi£1?7J:SanFemajidd,】979liupc出】丫吼Ley,19&7MhittiurNairows.and1994Northridge舲mkqn油/hiCslifomia^面Mlm匍尊othere;<ibq瘠ike&忡ar】dv6d已ThesefaclorsraiseconcsiisthntsomtofCziLifomia^approsi-nwrelyMAJOOnoiKlucditeRC总巾工内於区m叫pre&etnasignific把ltiolifewls^krj1infum旭e&nhqi^fces-However;dan划eLackingtogaugethssjgiufiziuiccofitiisrisk-inreJatiantocidiei'thehujldmgpopuflndonzitlargeorIqspecificbuiklhngs.Thecolliapscriskofmiitdividufillbuild血gd^pejatlshci[otilyon依buakUnngc他provisionsemployed,in心cirigiualdesign,bmalsosmuciursl15shi口吼Profcssof-IkptrfCivil.EnvimjinK值如andArcbLlecihirjJEngineering,Univ.ofCDlorado,HcmidfeLCOB03C&.E-irml:sbbie席岚3H卸仅先办凰HuiP2心骷口匚由3功日£n11以CUiflu加aS的拉UmV..Chaeo,CA9匆29(如通用』tingmQi口神.E一面加I:£描化]由通广点1小泊小.edu1年城1上"制明IbeplLlvil由iJEmm切口的M对En^irw^riog,KuanfimlUjilv.,Staniof^CA弼J口$.N<MrThisoawiiiKiipt需招snbaniftedmJuly14.2CO9:3Ppm、Hon.Jtiik:30.2010;puMsheJanlircdtiJuly15.2010.口iscussiwiperiodoj^jimdlS^pl?mbrrI),2011;wpw-nlcdi-MUHonsvmislhenibmiflfflLfofindiviHmlpapers.This-产卬erbpmoiUkJ^whoJ时StrzEZEirgmer-jwj?.Vol.337..No.4,AprilL2011.©ASCE.,ISSN0733-9445^20]I.M-492-5O2/S23.OO.4般JJOURNALOFSTROCTURiALENGINEERING©ASCEAPRILZD11configuration,cofistiwiionqualiHbuildinglocaiionpamisJiie-spe-dffchazardiTiformatiftn.ApsulfromthecheJiengcsu-fw-curfitelyevMui圉ingdiecol也谬riskis1」建questionofmk^lemice加间由unidjLijiiurijlevelcl 由碑区理邛曲里rri/居fortmOdings,加tLiisregard,CDLiipai'aiivcassessmentafbujldingsdu疝4口edaccord-iiigtooldxierajsmodembujldimgcodespnivule^白itiehjisofevalu-睡〔helevelof由片印tableriskin中bycurttncmsign即410BuiLdmgcoderequirements;forseismicdjesiguaj]ddetailingofreinforc-edconweiehaveeh却i群d幻世、而例Ey血cethemid-197。丸idj (oofeen.'ed河口蚂口油士dami维已后润mincreasedluidentandiiigaftheimportanceofducdledclaiiLingofn^nlbrceflKntInconvr^t幡olderaondvetikRCframesn»d«nicode-cunforming碑xx:向m0rnmEframesforhjgh-seasmkregionsemp】口ya、包江卬ofc:ap昵iiydem兔npw讨蛇口【患曲削preveait口『dehyunfavorablefkilurtmod&ssuch抽c-oSumnshear后ihiE.beam一mtunwi^51falluiie^andsoft-alDT)'me曲卸仁it瓜AMJhoii£ltiltereis附自1加才致注mem由削dtese曲细蝉wbuilding的心网口证,mentsarc-appropriace.then:islittledatataquantifytheassociatedinipmw白瞪皿依in需由沿nMsafety.PeHttfmmRqba蛤d磔打蚂i博如期ghi总仃睡miiiMdsswapp血di口diisstudytoassessthelikcLihacdafcnrlhquakc-tadiKcdcoUapscin批■也眸甲西白disoflidiictileRC猫me河icm止8P^rformsjiice-b^d日into弟阑蕤妈哈酒的血唱pmwilesapt^kfcbiLi^kEEm翼即七叮长for於・Lartiiiggromid-iiiotianin(cnsity!tastniitiir^lrKpouscandbuildingperforrnaiicethroi理hnohli□嬴tbnelibwjr屈lubtion(Deierlem2004).The15V心1211klli-ofnondluctikRCfraniesJtiructiir&sisba&txl口nasetof阪Ktypk莉strucluiBsdiesignedacvordijjgHoUiepra-visioftsOfihe1967UnifomiBuildingCode(IJBOHCBO1967).Thocancljttyptstructures<irereprescutatireofrtg皿缸wdl-(lesigriislRCsirucnjtttsuoitmuuT国血CalifCKHio:berweaiappioiimateiy1^50and1,975.Collapseispredictedtluuughd16F皿Jfli2kl团2474^4-E-P^sriLahcifi£出m±mAi2E110rHa43口弼niKibleLfindcotripfaedugiT加皤tiobof皿憾aotii-ductilDRCHicbchpcsisavailableuiLie!andDcierlcE(2008^Fourofibe4Md12嗯loryde就姆蟾have轲山秋仁闻(1目前ling,相descnbedsubstqufndy.Tl】ucoLLnpscperformanceofarchetypicaJnondu^tilc-RCtramcsinwwrjesis€oni>parefilratheofductileRCfiranw匍th已t,那$pnseniedin1hsccimpinioiipupcriHwiehenclbL'^Ullb).%sum-Ei^rized血Hble2,theseductile后amt*也七d^si^daccoftibagto(heproviiionsoftheIntcmatiouaJBuilding.Cade(ICC2X)03),ASCE7(ASCfc2002).MidAC1318{AC1200酊;瓶dnie史WIgov-cminficodercquircmcntEforEinzHgth”stifthess,capaDitj'dcEign,匍团信Si出唱forspecial^menifram&s.Die乳口好口盛5benefitfremriflicpfovisaonstihnlhavehernancorpar-Htalinloadsmicdesignixide^(hri*in砧「eedMM£「Ee*iiboeAlie1990s,mcLudingsn田的orbni^nlofcapBcitydesignpftn'mii3ns 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邺w00白厘囿和曲其1in忻盘不「如汩d•etfwciallyiai[henunJLKiik^heKype%true耿鹏,叫Thereasnonlin-carkCliIiciihjiIh-hIsmHuikgraJEl>eIilidvikiimiL:cmlu.FEi.lyN<!St[hejiek|m用目TE5-u|i^hdpUirclnXifilk!-dyniLimL:uc»llikpse^n;hlY^<俚曲1瓜de^rited、曲骐q眸丽小利讨codifiedn^nlweuirsctKicas^^nifTilphkMukiltfrW悟lOryDr#fRflligFig.3.rihiiLivHi;iii£i1yNi4HiiIul-jiI^.nyi『iimNgilearebe尊aJUtoiyRCperimHfrInuras:(a)fcinw-ilisfiliirtnieiiLirsponiW:iindthldislri-bvlMiniirf山火曲g《阿拆才轮uwMW加ana!#去CollapsePerformanceAssessmentProcedureSc-iij/aiilki|-,L|uThn-hl.":1■■%.---kitlii:fr-iiuh-.I■,p.-i-ci.hiclil./KCfnn旭mue岫入1对此聃&ihehu脏卬十七期城焙inthenNiipuniFi&ludlyulUucCikKCIrannadEiBclmnc[nl.201lb).Thccolk中毙 is^rgunizedmEgiiKiviTicnliijddyniwrdcnnalysas(]L)Aj由nioniLinearmrwlatk-snmodels,whereeachR.CtnjmeiruKldi>subjct'liNllounuJysi^imckrmultiplegruundrnuliuiiKEfiaLarcs^^led”nincreusingampiiludkrn,同eeutshgnmndmotion,callopy:isdefinedimtheImmsof±eincmsiljispectralWKleniHuiijitheInsL-mod-eperiodoftheunuly^smodcG)oflI]L!in[HiL^TiHjjidjindLiOdlllulrusuLl^in.jjjjjLrluruJ usidka-tifi画Iinthe前r而乔前by馍kewi腕intersflot}8drifts.The【DRNrvpeHfcdlwtiK'hauunlinjisuiileufNUgrtHmdmoLibn&whiwepincipcrdesmbnngwithNelcjrlimiindsiralingpnhrtdunsandescribedhyHn5clionietaL12011b).TheoubzameofIhisns^ssni£nLisalogn心ttdMilislhbucLcudmediMi.玄^nd±nldc^i^Lionl龙WLingLhait-itfxiclLiirc-spn^habiUty口『如4】演「gGthe»>ulkI-ni^LiouLnkn-sity.rcprcscotLiiga^frutitura]cn-llapAeiragililyfinnctLariUncer-山口口inpredictinnofdieirecen^iilyaiuhichLolljpsccwcuns,i^ci;flftl-ti>i™irir''uiwcn』向nySihRtrL^withvariaikmin cemetMmidoiiitr由汨判ufgraimiJ口第川川1wunnJh.AllhoMaplillwpmliTi^ivr nriixjklfrtr住CrTiianesc;bnsirnukiK:驯#"*ycd怪作ea^ociuie-dwmhstrengchiindweiffne心degnidu.l3oninthetlexuralhingesofdiebcam>却ilIcolunins4就/JOURNALOFSTRUCTURALENGINEERING尊ASCE/APRIL20H自iEUsalFig.4.IDAresutlsfor标8-$Kiryspa&c-ftiinn:.SlnieuerE:刖除eflfeciofgenitalcofflapscnwfccmc^lapsccaparityfbrasckdisJewtfiqwakulECtuilLuLiK?i:ewigjUuJdyjhdiiiiDLUkaJysh-^(bjCDtupaiisunDfcollajk»vfru慎]涧皓fen-sidcswayc^QapscDuly⑪dcocubbwd乱想鼬矛的^ndveiiical<dlapseTypicalcomputed^-alucsoftherceord-to-LiCDDL'dwiriwbility{仃山HtrJ5nsbelweMi0.35皿idft.45.UmDertaimtyinhowwe9ltheuanlincarsimulationjiudclrepresentstl】ubchaviauoftherealbuiklhLgilikescxAlied加加怕linguuhh疝uy)isnKOiponuisdin口酢collapS!Bss&ssmaiibyincreasingrtiedispersioflindiecol«lap^efragiljly.Lie!elal.12DC冉JhavepreviouslydemanqglWtheiiiiportaiiceoffKcouiLtingformodelinguneertairrtyinasECss-HbeiMofseismict-ollsrpseriskbecaiisiofEbebrrgcmmI段lyiiiguncenainTj&smpawetersrelated吧m皿ptMMt门已欣加而皿capacityandposicsppiing(£oOening)behavbarfuiddhHhJ^lynoinlimearbdiaviorastheEnldin邑coUapses.Thelo<mlunoer-cainty运coanpuiwlbyconibining陋mliq—eccwdiandmodelinguncerajni}'byusingthe沟k例■eroo<ofrtw即mof血磨sqiian&s:=够F■+ nmsimpUBedspprachprovidesreuse口ab业 oftheprobiibilirtyofcollapseinthelowertailofthedistribwiioji仙d〔he吟感iamkual方的uwey&fcdkip翼(LjeIc1al.2009). amodelinguncertaijnityofff[n,M^iie=0-50(HaschonsaidDdericin2(XJ7'kthetotalun-■imintyincollapse血3鸟曲叫isin曲庭rangeq『。匕如皿=。虏】to0.67for曲《aichelypunoudacdleRCtraiiKS.AsdescribedbyEla^cltanDtaS.(2011£Lb}parametersdcfmijigthecallapscfriagiljlyfLuictLonarcfilsoadjusted3azcauntfordif氤岷estnspedraldiapebetweenraregroundxnctioiiB加CfilifoTiiia幽或山日gen打对8nMliBd-niotkH:!setusedinIhisstudy.31eve启值电(山宫idjusuiieiw 口用iiZBaucollap阱炉rp和摘yof捐血由小修石帕RC加制*by25%,This血re侬is忸瑞山⑪山ucompM由IincreBseof6U%indiegmdjctcdcollapsucsrpjicityofduedkRC1frannesb^ause4])thenonductiJeRCfninn&slendloeKpeiieni^]&s&periodelan$a£iD<i.be-fene匕口口日国r“which*hh:-essarj*tnbenefitfmmdiespectralshapeeffect,幽d(2) th已noncbisciilefirantesteiwl2mH绅能浦smaller舔箕汕却逐工已kraHoiisIhatcomspond.tonKirrJrt?qumt(lessrafc)gmundmodoREthatarertprtsrntedmoredirectlybyQhcgmijeral^round-nncMioffiEEidscLIn屉Mlsdreaders^rerefenBdtoHas^honetM.{2()1la)fortliadetailsofthisprocedure.TheHuaicoMsipscErjigilitycurvesfartheArdwlgrpebuildings,discosisednbenquenflyhtluspaper,iiKQiporHlemodelingunaerHiintymidspectnildiapeadjustmfm船.Kffynnelricsofs^isinicrolljipfiflperfornumegiududuHism闻iiimca]]apsDcapacity,thecolliipsemsu'gmrauo.andthememannuMfre-queucyafcollapse.H:enKdiancollapse isexpressedintennsofgmiMKl.-motioiiin左而mSd(TrHg),whkhdepeodsoothehind皿侬mMpgrindofdhearclietjpe囱od庭L.4iwdierthat亡他be亡wui押Mdnwjitg就ilybawetn加七]法吐萨:b。油面力能通thec0]hp.se川第酬坨五劭defined解thejibedimsccdJ&pse仃r睥diydividedbytinegroiuid-nioliouintensity,witha2%nhfinceofexceedanceku50years,5工;5tl(Tt%%工eksdeclfflias1h&nonrudk&aitiafip^ani^ter itktheb眦值fortheOKte-deHnedLinncjm啦nccmsid打出之常曲邮园ke<unicsi圻[郃[ASCE2002).Adiirdmetric执[henueanannus]frequ-aicyofgll如编14Mm)whichisobtuiiiKdbymtc^ratijiig*hecollapsefragilityfunctionwilli口sirtc-sptxifich^Kardcun'E.Thehasnrdlcurverepresentsd此likeLiirood.shsc出ground,nwtionwilhspeEJifijsdiiHrr西Ity弛Exoeededalapsr-druEarsite.Forthcpuiposcofthisstudy,thehazardcmve前definedforahigh#说n出si号inMLoaAng^l»batiiiaia£依notaffectedbynear'field田reed?出y制】d钮generallyi叩归$印申出弋ofhi^h-scismicregionst(puu]etclal21阻).Site-spedfkstixniLichazardanalysis切©ulk]changetheassc5smematuthcfCalifcm.uasites,butarchetypebuikiEngdesignshjcthesfimetlniuughDuttheZxsije3regioninihe19^7UBC.Result^ofSete-rriiteCaila-paeassessmeintCollzipseptaibranaiikEztsst^mcnlsfor排Iofthe.ffinriictj'pkzilRCframesarercponlHimTafclc5.RcoOthntthecollapseassesyiKiiifeaocowHfbrbu曲笈曲*四百yisJiiuu[3tM加]dveilJN《Liunsinni而帕d)collapsesnores如乂1inatp"坨胜unxnMnii?!sinsimcnEnlinodel-inj.Thecerrespoflcliiigcollapseftsgilitycuttves®eshowninFig.when:,forcompariscmptirposes.themttnsilyon1加honia0rlgiaxkis.iwmuili岌dbyS戢丁Jforea£:harchetypestnit^URi.Thenieunauu同Fiiequenc^sofocillup&e-自品5淋府泥d血Fig.6.In^ddilinntothegraimd-motiouiutensit}'measuntsofcollapseperibr-mnee,ftusreofdrift:ratio{RDR:^^).,Midiateretofydriftfatto(ID及典1111sJ辄 ;:re特bu.佰眸d,亍1延时are口论driftsrecodedtomth^ 占uUiqii阑seiii^asjijjustb回外芝日山swayuull蟆$已ofThesoteii■瑞七通由口白广宫"炉白•冷冷白色客版自rMoFN&ndlsdiieandDuCfiMRCFramssAssuniLiiarizjcdinTable3,the3Jiaj}r5KshowthatnmductiiLeRCframeshavecoljap^n葡憎nsratigingfrom0,54(i)0.55,whichimlkatethat曲止m日前蓟足口]]管nibim怕ml后cnaiieless山倒]山已S@冢5MLiiin胜nshies.IntDiatmsT.dieduciHeRC由训馍havecallapsemarginratiositurtarcapprosimalelytlmcclimesgreyer.4NJJOURNALOFSTRUCTURALENGINEEA^NG£ASCE『APRIL5011igHnbuLdnuridiQ*£CtImim>必色也壮加Vtdlniip乱杂h球痴土子小>一心sdqousr98765432o.ddaagao.nQr0.1(b) SaglBVSWTJlriFig.5.Collapsefragilitycurves:(a)archetypeRCperimetertriunrs;(b)archclvpeRCspaceframesNurrbttofSlcfteiFig.6.Comp;tnwnofasscwiedcolkipscnskforarchetypenonducblcandductileRCfianics.inmeananimalficqucncyofcollapseNurrbttofSlcfteiFig.6.Comp;tnwnofasscwiedcolkipscnskforarchetypenonducblcandductileRCfianics.inmeananimalficqucncyofcollapserangingfruni1.77to3.07.1收nondiictileRCt'nunebuildingshavecalculatedmeanannualfrequenciesofcollapsebetwern47and135xIO-4,corresponding(oa21(o50%probjibiJicyofcollapseii)50yearsartliehigji-seismicCaliforniasite.ForductileRCframebuildings,ihemeanimnualfrequenciesofoolhp^rangefrom1to6x10conespomlingtopinbabilitiesofcollapsein50yearsixrweei)0.5and2.9%.Ingeneial,thecollapsemarginsarelargerforthespneeframesascomparedtotheperimeterfnintcs.whichislargelybecauseofmoreovcrstrcngthinthespaceframeswhereiribuurygravirj*loadsaremoresignifkamindesign.Me<uiannualfrcqucndcsofcollapse(collapserate)arccon卜paredfurtherinFig.6.whichilhistixitesthelargedifTerenevincollapseriskbetweentheductile(2003)andnonductik(1967)framebuildings.NondiicrileRCperimeterframesareapproxinKiiely20limesmorelikely(ocollapsecomparedwithductileRCperinieierframes,andthenonductilcRCspaceframesarc60timesmorelikelytocollapsethancomparableductileRCspaceframes.IlieplotinFig.6alsoillustrateshowthecollapseriskcanvarysignifi-caiHlywithin*hseiofbuildingswhew,forexmipk.theivi$adiHercneeofapproximatelythreetimesbetweentheestimatedriskmetnesforthe2-and8-storynonductilcspaceframri.lbexaminepossiblereasonsforthedifferencesincollapsemetrics,themeanammalfrequenciesofcollapseareplonedagainstthesi&iccncrMrrngthforeachframeinHg.7.ForboththenonductjlcandductileRCfranws,tl>e皿anannualfrequencyofcullapsctendstoincreasewithareductioninstaticovcratrcngth.butdietrendisnotaswell-defiiieclfortheiwndiictileframeswherethevarimkminmeanannualfrequenciesisnwidilargerthanforthediKtikframes.Sincethedao$eiisaixlthevariacionsreflectthepeculiaritiesofeacharchetypedesign,onecannotdrawfirmconchtiionsftx)nithesecon^parisonsexcepttonotethelargerscatterlor(henonductilefrancs.Funherdisciaionofdiffeivnce6int1)ebehaviorofnoiuhietikfiainesisinasubsequentsection.Fig.7.Relationshipbducenstaticoverstrcnglhandmeanaiuiualfrequencyofcollapse:(a)iKuductikRCframes;and(b)ductileRCframes;spaceframesareimlicaiedbydunKMklnuukersJOURNALOFSTRUCTURALENGINEERING£ASCE-APRIL2011/499信「货ft.E,p?irl闺小“可 E内卮同UI收kvlM.1「得己》悭srpjice-FramesUiKlw«wOv-^H,iheiimpfnwm婚帆inpredkcedwlbipN;capucii^duetili哄iMHlmn&i%LcMybelwccji11kD9&7dc^iigiisand口出2O(J5dcs^aisxflM与the酒¥奥乌融七cfliicLofLhedesignmilikwilingchange,madeinwibniicdesignc4xle^I'or cioiKreic:inHinler-verhn^years..Collapsepcrfi'siTHai'iecEL—EfimduiilurtiicrfcCkMh™thecnl-lap^ehelhavifHisncl^LedIntheuvirral.1kystcniductility.RekningIdTable3,thediuiikRCrramc^eipcrienccmofdrifiralifisjmtbeforeevil叩龄(RDKeinJofL6*27,5转,T版就valiacs调xap-冲高iirwldy工dlinK¥IwpcrshwiUw二unipfinibknundu口ilcRCInmWfrwhichMvveK心乩皿皿061KLo)口整The呼卬dml司inlcTHtorydnllrafli健preceding口山出四窑(IDR^ju^)are1.8dmesIwgerinLhcducLikRCFramebuiIdlings.Thjescd]Ikrentr^nzNultinpanfromiiiLnascsin.mcnihcr-leveldcRimi^tinncspu^ilyilwhscj-即山withimproveddccailinjnzqijircnicncjiashhowninTabk2.TheEuGMtinRD&u/qybclw比口diel%7auid20()3dkMgif皿出ndemDflslrareithaltherequiredstmmgocWumnvvMcbcanintiDinchcmndemhuikliik*%hefipscnnpwod[InnujieriiEr"rnurtihcfofincreasingcnet^gydi$>ipaicdinthe^ruciuiviuii-dimpTLivan^:?-ysltinlevelUuciihiy,CtjIlapM;inwh4口偿imfur山c8-im(t1.2-storyurvhcly户franju&iirccumpniedinFig.乳Regflrdle«iolheight,[hen^nducLikRCframe^uildinigHlypicallytail,intheimt3ndsecondgloriaonly,wbcicastheductilemodemRCfrsumukes.pcricnccrnuredislribuiLcdyicfidjn^:indz加以pM?mixhAnisnis.Va『i戡ion帕Coltaps^P以同口rm甘rasof川的仃比阳2RCFramesDcKi^ndinerunccs@nwMigthesetofindiflypiciloMindu^tikR.CI'nuiiL!%lendiov:«riHJinnin|iredkiodcolIjspMZpcfiTtrm:inc,iihiitwrMEi版rMgeofpc^ihlc最件|明脑vsofnonduciileRCRnmc羯wilhivgularhuikhn昔兰glmig热,制由Jtrii^nfwlures-,p5nin洞g「Jg。岸\|£叫加庠1mndsJim卬就耳-6口!™siru口口吐,拓hi卜itIhe耨orslcuM41pse呼rlormancuJbecoll1apsc-salctyofpcnnwitr-inanM-^LnjctuiuswniixcjiswithheightsincetheE加㈤1130dincn:singlydoming然t屈dl£*ignwilhincri^finhuildi维Iwighl.n£ndiingIdd口CH*ielatcFiilcvcfMwng由Inekmih也祝fixity1曲出an:hmkciEUpormil311 Vhf叩比亡fiHkKBuild"kiHMhlHIdL里,”indrreullypm*idirmgiHldiLiiiin;ilkikrnilnvirrslrun^lh.Thus11111T《iiniml才LiveeffectofrellfilhislymtwIIcfmir™lized陶父^bcRrcafiLicilyand弘iiliw、*inUitladkrpwimierwIniniesnuik^sUieniriKirewnsitiveImP-Scflixli.XpaveI'raniesareshuwnto-bejukstcliikrlyitunp^nm-der-rranic^iniLiun^tncspcricnL-cihen口俏目Jfailurenuidt.La斗oFpTaxi[y-lcuid>bcafiiii^opacityin宫cohrnnraiiNcUbyshearfailure,尿忆油114口门]/litUKzi^rXi^lCE1VcrtiL-uJhsudbiinlIliCMrcolLAiEE!^.FlinvizVcr,diiTcrcnce^i.hpc!rilt»riii;iiiLL,hclwixiupc1riniu112rentalKpw^e-frameMmeiugareesnagetiwdhiihi*uudy*.iniulaioi<nithiehforperinKHcr-rranwsystemsn^le^LLitecuntribuLionuiEE%il,'iy31umizkancntsi'i.ii-fluthlui?midehIltilie1^ruviiyo»Liinms)hiInbcnilNtnzn^Eh;mdUHIne、、.H:i必Ilkmcl;hl.i|lllORltfcranil.Lhitlirtdudi映die酊鼬ky野轴eminc训和女才虾煎劭馅甫i打工检图旬Lbtm闻tancullapsccajxicilyu-1ii4-slaiyrrKMlmiRCIrauniubyrkppntKinuiiizly10%.IndhkliLionioLhe&时山linninheighiandiZauih唱sy^Eemulready口rniidurrd,iL-iinducliIcliCfnrnicsEnuuluniihwilli 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