2023版高考英语一轮复习新题精练专题二七选五课件

专题二七选五

考点1细节句和过渡句

话题:用音乐对抗霸凌主题语境:人与社会核心素养:思维品质词数:约303

[2022辽宁铁岭六校联考]"Musiciswhereeverythingstarted,"SamiraHortonsays.▶1Shehasbeenrappingandperformingsinceshewas6yearsold."Throughmusic,"DJAnnieRedsays,"Icanexpressmyselfandletoutmyemotion."

Therisinghip-hopstarusesmusictoshareamessageaboutbullying(霸凌)."Iwasbulliedalot,"shesays,"eventoday,especiallybecauseofmyvoice."DJAnnieRedhasadeepvoice.

▶2ButDJAnnieRedhasfoundawaytoriseabovetheirruderemarks.Insteadofthinkingofhervoiceasaweakness,sheusesittospreadheranti-bullyingmessagefarandwide.

▶3Shepostshermusiconline,too.Shelikestogivestudentsarhythmicandinteractiveshowwhileteachingthemhowtoovercomebullying."Itmakesthemfeellikethey'renotalone."

DJAnnieRedbelievesthatstandinguptobullyingismoreimportantthanever.▶4"Youdon'thavetoshowyourfaceatall,"shesays."Someonecouldeasilybeaffectedbythat."

5Shebelievesthatkidsofhergenerationcanmakethingsbetterbyfindingtheirpassions,andusingthosepassionstoinspirechanges,asshehas."Kids'beingmoreconfidentinthemselvesandwantingtodosomethingthattheyreallyenjoydoingissomethingthatmotivatesmetokeepdoingwhatIdo."

注：属于本考点的试题用

▶突出标记。

Passage1

A.Butsheseesabrighterfutureahead.B.Peoplehavetoldhershesoundslikeaboy.C.Sheencourageskidsofallagestostanduptobullying.D.DJAnnieRedhasperformedatschools,festivalsandpro-basketballgames.E.Her2017book,TheBullyStop,isbasedonhersong"NoYouWon'tBullyMe".F.The13-year-oldfromBrooklyn,NewYork,isknowntotheworldasDJAnnieRed.G.That'sbecausepeoplecanbullyothersonsocialmediawhilehidingbehindausername.Passage1【考点突破】细节支撑性句子注重考查上下文逻辑,过渡性句子注重考查文章结构。在七选五中,对于过渡句的考查主要包括段落内过渡句和段落间过渡句。考生应先厘清句际逻辑关系与段落层次,然后根据文章语句间的意义关系进行分析,还可借助句子之间的连接性词语进行分析,判断题目的考查方向。针对考查细节句的题目,考生可通过分析上下文具体内容以及选项表述的重点选择正确答案。解答段落内过渡句时,要仔细阅读设空处前后相邻的内容,挖掘内在的逻辑关系,注意衔接词和体现逻辑关系的标志词,然后与选项中的关键词建立联系;解答段落间过渡句时,要阅读上一段的段尾和下一段的内容,注意衔接词和体现逻辑关系的标志词,然后与选项中的关键词建立联系。衔接词与体现逻辑关系的标志词:①并列与递进关系:firstly,secondly,thirdly,first,then,next,finally,atlast,intheend,inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,foronething,foranother,and,also,not...but,furthermore,either...or,neither...nor,notonly...butalso,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse等。②因果关系:so,therefore,thus,hence,consequently,asaresult等。③转折与让步关系:however,nevertheless,though,yet,inspiteof,onthecontrary,otherwise,while,ratherthan,evenif,despite等。

答案

本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了闻名世界的DJAnnieRed对待霸凌的态度,以及她如何用音乐来对抗霸凌。

1.F考查细节句。空前是SamiraHorton说的话,空后介绍她从6岁开始说唱,那么本空也应是对SamiraHorton的介绍,F项"这个来自纽约布鲁克林的13岁女孩,作为DJAnnieRed闻名于世界"符合语境,故选F项。2.B考查细节句。根据上文的"Iwasbulliedalot""especiallybecauseofmyvoice"和"DJAnnieRedhasadeepvoice"可知,DJAnnieRed因低沉的声音而遭受霸凌,本空应是人们对于她的声音的恶评,B项"人们说她的声音像男生的声音"符合语境,且B项的内容与下文中的"theirruderemarks"相呼应,故选B项。3.D考查细节句。根据下文可知,她也将她的音乐传到网上去,根据空后一句中的"too"可以推知,本空介绍的也是她的表演方式,D项"DJAnnieRed在学校、会演以及职业篮球比赛上表演"符合语境,故选D项。4.G考查过渡句。空前说勇敢对抗霸凌比以前更重要,空后提到不需要露脸,G项"这是因为人们可以躲在用户名背后在社交媒体上霸凌别人"承上启下,解释了对抗霸凌比以前更重要的原因,同时又引出下文,那些霸凌别人的人躲在用户名背后,完全不需要露脸。故选G项。5.A考查主题句。上文提到网络霸凌对人的伤害;空后指出,她认为她这一代的孩子能通过找到热情来让事情朝更好的方向发展,并且他们可以用这些热情来做出一些改变。本空与上文为转折关系,且本句为本段的主题句,说明事情会朝好的方向发展,因此A项"但是她却看到了前方更光明的未来"符合语境,故选A项。

话题:保护海牛主题语境:人与自然核心素养:文化意识词数:约310

[2022河北石家庄一检]WildlifeworkersinFloridaarefeedingmanatees(海牛)tokeepthemfromstarving.▶1Sofar,therescueworkershavealreadygivenout25tonsoflettuce.Manateesarehugeseamammalsthatcanbeaslongas4meterswhenmature.▶2Inspiteoftheirsize,manateesonlyeatplantsthatliveinthesea.That'sonereasonwhythey'resometimescalled"seacows".

ButFlorida'smanateeshavebeenontheUSgovernment'slistofendangeredanimalssince1967.Mostthreatstomanateescomefromhumans.Oneofthebiggestproblemsfacedbythecreaturesisboats.Manateesarecuriousandfairlyslow,whichhasledtothousandsofmanateesbeinginjuredorkilled.

3Atonepoint,therewereonlyabout2,000manateesleftinFlorida.Butby2016,therewereroughly8,800manatees.

Butnowmanateesarefacinganewchallenge:theycan'tgetenoughtoeat.Manyofthebedsofseagrasshavebeenkilledbypollution.Seagrassbegantodisappeararound2011.Warmingseas,combinedwithpollutedwaterandfertilizers(肥料)thathavebeenwashedofffarmlands,havecreatedhugegrowthofalgae(海藻)ontheocean'ssurface.▶4

Lastyear,1,101manateesdiedfromstarving.▶5Manyofthemanateesthatremainaresothinthatoftentheyhavetroubleswimming.

Passage2

So,wildlifeexpertscameupwithaplantogetfoodforthemanatees.Theydecidedtofeedthemgreenvegetableslikelettuceandcabbage.Inthelongterm,Floridaisworkingtohelprestoreseagrassbeds.Butthatwilltaketime.A.Thatwasarecord.B.Theycanweighupto590kilograms.C.Thefeedingstationhasbeenverysuccessful.D.Withprotection,manateesmanagedtobounceback.E.Theyblockthesunlightthatallowstheseagrasstogrow.F.Butfeedingthesemassiveseacreaturestakesalotoffood.G.Researchneedstobedonetodeterminewhatfoodwouldbebest.Passage2本文是一篇说明文,讲述了佛罗里达州野生动物保护者通过给海牛喂食来避免它们遭受饥饿,从而促进海牛种群数量的增加。1.F考查过渡句。空前一句讲到了"佛罗里达州的野生动物保护者正喂养海牛以防止它们挨饿",而空后则讲到了"到目前为止,救援人员已经发放了25吨莴苣",因此,F项"但是,喂养这些大型海洋生物特别费食物"承上启下,符合语境。2.B考查细节句。空前一句讲到了"海牛是大型海洋哺乳动物,成年海牛身长达4米",而空后一句讲到了"尽管它们体型庞大,却只吃海洋植物",因此,空处应该还会讲到海牛的体型,故B项"它们(海牛)可能重达590千克"符合语境。3.D考查主题句。根据第一段可知,佛罗里达州的野生动物保护者正喂养海牛,结合空后的"Atonepoint,therewereonly...8,800manatees"可知,通过野生动物保护者的努力,海牛的数量有反弹,故D项能概括本段主旨,符合语境。4.E考查细节句。本段讲到了海牛面临的新挑战,结合空前一句中的"海洋表面的海藻大量生长"可知,空处应该会讲到海藻泛滥带来的危害,故E项"它们(海藻)挡住了使海草能够生长的阳光"符合语境。5.A考查细节句。空前一句讲到了"去年1101头海牛死于饥饿",A项"那是一个纪录"是对空前一句的评价,符合语境。答案

话题:与大学室友相处主题语境:人与社会核心素养:思维品质词数:约312

[2022广东汕头一模]Havingacollegeroommateismostpeople'sfirstexperiencelivingwithsomeonewhoisnotrelatedtothem.Itcomeswithbothbenefitsandchallenges.▶1Yougetaninstantfriend,someonetokeepyoucompanyduringyourfirsttimeawayfromhome.However,youalsoruntheriskofbeingmatchedwithsomeoneyoufinditdifficulttogetalongwellwith.Eitherway,here'ssomegoodadvice:

Establishsomerules

▶2Inthisway,youandyourroommateareclearonwhattodotoavoidconflict.Establishwhatspaceiswhose,whenyouneedquiettimetostudy,whichitemsyoucanshare,whattimeyougotobed,andwho'sallowedtoeatwhatintherefrigerator.

Practicedirectcommunication

Dormroomsareclosequarters,soevenifyougetalongwithyourroommate,thereisboundtobeadisagreementortwo.▶3Youcan'texpectyourroommatetobeamind-reader,soifyougetupsetorfrustrated,communicateittoyourroommaterightaway.

▶4

You'llfindsuchawaygetsabetterresponsethanifyoujustattackorcriticize.

Passage3

Compromise(妥协)sometimes

Whenitcomestodoingchoresaroundtheroom,listeningtocertainkindsofmusic,watchingdifferentTVshowsandrequestingprivacy,compromiseiskey.Ifyougivealittle,yourroommatewillgivealittle.Compromisingdoesnotrefertogivingintoallofsomeone'srequests.

▶5

So,talkthroughthethingsyouandyourroommatedifferonuntilyoucanreachacompromise.

A.Makeyourpreferencesknownfromthestart.

B.Instead,itmeanscomingtoacommonagreement.

C.Handlesuchconflictswithopencommunication.

D.Itreferstopersuadingotherstoacceptyouropinion.

E.Usearespectfultoneandchooseyourwordscarefully.

F.Inthissituation,listeningtoyourroommateisveryimportant.

G.Gettingalongwithyourroommatecanenhanceyourcollegeexperience.这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了拥有大学室友既有好处也有挑战,作者就如何与室友相处、避免发生冲突给出了一些建议。Passage3答案1.G考查细节句。根据上文可知,拥有大学室友既有好处,又有挑战;根据下文可知,你也会面临与你觉得很难友好相处的人相匹配的风险,这是拥有大学室友的一个挑战,那么本空可能叙述拥有大学室友的一个好处,G项"与你的室友相处可以丰富你的大学经历"符合语境,故选G项。2.A考查细节句。根据本段小标题"Establishsomerules"以及空后一句"Inthisway,youandyourroommateareclearonwhattodotoavoidconflict"可知,A项"从一开始就说明你的偏好"符合语境,说明制定规则的目的是从一开始就让你的室友知道你的偏好,用这样的方法可以避免与室友冲突,且该选项中的"known"与空后一句中的"areclear"相呼应。故选A项。3.C考查细节句。根据本段小标题"Practicedirectcommunication"和空后一句"Youcan'texpect...rightaway"可知,C项"以开放的沟通方式处理此类冲突"符合本段主旨,且与下文构成因果关系,故选C项。4.E考查过渡句。根据上文可知,你不能指望你的室友是一个会读心术的人,所以如果你感到失望或沮丧,立即向你的室友表达出来;根据下文可知,你会发现这样的方式与攻击或批评相比能得到更好的回应,E项"用尊重的语气,并且斟酌用语"符合本段主旨,且承上启下,故选E项。5.B考查细节句。根据空前一句可知,妥协并不意味着对别人的所有要求都做出让步,B项"相反,这意味着互相达成共识"与前一句构成转折关系,故选B项。

话题:轮滑

主题语境:人与社会

核心素养:思维品质

词数:约290

[2022河北保定一模]Rollerbladingisanexcellentsportthatjustaboutanyonecanenjoy.Experienceandtypesofskatingrangeindifficultyfromsimplerecreationalskatingtoamuchmoreaggressivestyleofskating.

Afteryouhavemasteredthebasicsofrollerblading,youcanbegintomasterthesport.▶1However,someathletesprefertoperfecttheirsportandcompeteintheirchosensport.

Thesportofrollerbladinghasmanyvariations(变体)andstylesthatallowcompetition.▶2Alsoknownasurbanskating,freeskatingissetinanurbansettingandparticipantsmusttravelthroughstreetsandtravelaroundanyobstacleasfastaspossibleinordertoreachthefinish.▶3Jumps,slidesandgrindsarebasictricksfreestyleskatersoftenuse.

4

Itisspeciallyenjoyedbyskaterswhopreferperformingtricksandchallengingmovements.Aggressiveskatingcanbeperformedinanurbansetting,likefreeskating,andthisstyleisoftencalledstreetskating.Aggressiveskaterscanalsobefoundatskateparksperformingtricksontheobstaclescreatedspecificallytocatertotricks.

Streetskatersuseanytypeofurbanobstacletoperformamazingtricksrangingfromjumpsandslidestogrindsandairs.Competitionsinaggressiveskatingrequirecontestantstoperformincreasinglydifficultanddangeroustricksinordertooutmatch(胜过,击败)theircompetitors.

5

Passage4

A.Eachstylerequiresdifferentequipment.

B.Aggressiveskatingisanotherpopularformofthesport.

C.Soaggressiveskatingisoneofthemostentertainingsportstowatch.

D.Manyfreestyleskaterscanalsoraceoniceastheseasonschange.

E.Manypeopleenjoyrollerbladingjustforthesimplepleasureofexercise.

F.Freeskatingisatypeaboutskatingfromstarttofinishasfastaspossible.

G.Inadditiontoemphasizingspeed,freeskatingoftenincludesdifferenttricks.

Passage4

这是一篇说明文,本文主要讲了两种不同类型的轮滑——自由式轮滑和极限轮滑。1.E考查细节句。空后的"However"表明空后与空处形成了转折,根据空后的"someathletesprefertoperfecttheirsportandcompeteintheirchosensport"可知,E项"很多人喜欢轮滑仅仅是为了运动带来的简单的快乐"符合语境。2.F考查细节句。空前为本段的中心句,根据空前的"rollerbladinghasmanyvariations(变体)andstyles"可知,空处会讲到轮滑种类中的一种,再根据空后的"Alsoknownasurbanskating,freeskatingis...reachthefinish"可知,空处讲到的类型应该是freeskating,故选F项。3.G考查过渡句。G项中的"Inadditiontoemphasizingspeed"呼应空前的"travelaroundanyobstacleasfastaspossible",而"includesdifferenttricks"引出空后的"Jumps,slidesandgrindsarebasictricks",故G项承上启下,符合语境。4.B考查主题句。根据空后的"Itisspeciallyenjoyedbyskaterswhopreferperformingtricksandchallengingmovements.Aggressiveskatingcanbe...isoftencalledstreetskating"可知,空后的It指的应该是aggressiveskating,空处应涉及对极限轮滑的简要介绍,故选B项。5.C考查结论句。结合本段内容可知,本段主要讲了极限轮滑要使用障碍来展现技巧,选手还需要展现高难度且危险的技巧才能打败竞争对手,故C项"所以,极限轮滑是观看起来最有趣的运动之一"符合语境。答案

话题:目标与系统主题语境:人与自我核心素养:思维品质词数:约312

[2022福建福州三模]Weallhavethingsthatwewanttoachieveinourlives.▶1Atleast,thisishowIapproachedmylifegoalsuntilrecently.

WhatI'mstartingtorealize,however,isthatwhenitcomestoactuallygettingthingsdoneandmakingprogressintheareasthatareimportanttoyou,thereisamuchbetterwaytodothings.Itallcomesdowntothedifferencebetweengoalsandsystems.▶2Yoursystemisthewritingschedulethatyoufolloweachweek.Ifyoucompletelyignoredyourgoalsandfocusedonlyonyoursystem,wouldyoustillgetresults?Ithinkyouwould.

▶3Inthelast12months,I'vewrittenover115,000words.Thetypicalbookisabout50,000to60,000words,soIhavewrittenenoughtofilltwobooksthisyear.AllofthisissuchasurprisebecauseIneversetagoalformywriting.Ididn'tmeasuremyprogressinrelationtosomebenchmark.▶4Ineversaid,"Iwanttowritetwobooksthisyear."WhatIdidfocusonwaswritingonearticleeveryMondayandThursday.Ifocusedonmysystemandtheprocessofdoingthework.Intheend,Ienjoyedthesame(orperhapsbetter)results.

Goalsaregoodforplanningyourprogressandsystemsaregoodforactuallymakingprogress.Havingasystemiswhatmatters.5

Passage5

A.Noneofthisistosaythatgoalsareuseless.

B.Ifyou'reawriter,yourgoalistowriteabook.

C.Forgetaboutpredictingthefutureandbuildasystem.

D.Ineversetawordcountgoalforanyparticulararticle.

E.Committingtotheprocessiswhatmakesthedifference.

F.Andformostofus,thepathtothosethingsstartsbysettingaspecificgoal.

G.Asanexample,IjustaddedupthetotalwordcountforthearticlesI'vewrittenthisyear.

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己写作的经历告诉我们:目标固然重要,但是专注于系统和过程,坚持不懈地做才更重要。1.F考查过渡句。空前列举了我们在生活中想要实现的事情,而空后一句提到"至少直到最近,我都是这样接近我的生活目标的",由此可知,空处承上启下,说明了实现这些事情的方法,F项中的"thosethings"指的正是上文中的"thingsthatwewanttoachieveinourlives",且F项中的"aspecificgoal"与空后一句中的"goals"相呼应。故选F。

Passage5答案2.B考查过渡句。根据空前一句"Itallcomesdowntothedifferencebetweengoalsandsystems"可知,目标和系统之间有差异,而空后一句提到了与写作有关的系统,那么空处承上启下,说的应是目标,且与写作有关。由此可知,B项"如果你是一个作家,你的目标是写一本书"符合语境,故选B。3.G考查细节句。根据下文中的"Inthelast12months,I'vewrittenover115,000words.Thetypicalbookisabout50,000to60,000words,soIhavewrittenenoughtofilltwobooksthisyear"可知,作者应是将过去12个月的写作字数进行了计算,因此,G项"举个例子,我刚刚把我今年写的文章的总字数加起来"符合语境。故选G。4.D考查细节句。根据上文中的"Ineversetagoalformywriting.Ididn'tmeasuremyprogressinrelationtosomebenchmark"和下文中的"Ineversaid,‘Iwanttowritetwobooksthisyear.’"可知,空处也应是否定句,且上文提到了作者今年的写作总字数,同时根据"Ididn'tmeasure""benchmark""twobooks"这些细节可知,空处应与设定字数目标有关,由此可知,D项"我从来没有为任何一篇文章设定字数目标"符合语境。故选D。5.E考查结论句。空处是对段落的总结。空前提到,有一个系统很重要,并且作者以自己写作的经历"Ifocusedonmysystemandtheprocessofdoingthework.Intheend,Ienjoyedthesame(orperhapsbetter)results"证明了,目标固然重要,但是专注于系统和过程,坚持不懈地做才更重要。E项符合语境,且能总结本段,故选E。

话题:真人图书馆

主题语境:人与社会核心素养:思维品质词数:约294

[2022山东济南模考]TheHumanLibrary

hasbeenworkingtoencourageasenseofsharedhumanityforalmosttwodecades.Itisquitedifferentfromtraditionallibraries.▶1Youcanreviewyourperspectivewiththehelpofborrowedhumanbooks.

TheHumanLibraryisanassociationwhichattemptstocreaterespectandunderstandingforthediversityinsocietythroughefforts.

▶2Inthisplace,peoplewhootherwisewouldnevermeetortalkcanfindroomforconversation.

Asitswebsitedetails,thelibraryhostsweeklyeventsinlocalcommunities.Thevolunteers,"humanbooks",welcomemembersofthepublictocomeandtalktothem.▶3

RonniAbergelisthefounderofthelibrary.▶4Ashisideahasspreadlikeabestseller,thelibraryhashostedeventsinmorethan80countries,inlibraries,museums,festivalsandschools.Ithasmorethan1,000humanbooksincirculationinmorethan50languages,withespeciallystrongpresenceinAmericancitiessuchasChicagoandSanFrancisco.

▶5Theyhaveservedasatimelywaytoreachouttoscoresofpeoplestuckathome,andfearfulofbeingtooclosetostrangers.Beingabookinthelibraryismorethanwhatyouexpectandissomethingyouwillneverforget.Itisalsoanopportunitytomeetalotofpeoplethataredifferentfromyouandyetyouwillfindyousharealotincommon.Passage6

A.Itcreatesasafespacefordialogue.

B.Hisambitionistobuildahigh-techlibrary.

C.COVID-19hasledtomanyvirtualeventsaswell.

D.Thislibraryallowspeopletostartanonlineconversation.

E.Hejustwantstogetthewholeworldlisteningandtalking.

F.Here,variousquestionsareexpected,appreciatedandanswered.

G.Atthislibrary,youcan"borrow"peopleforaconversationinsteadofbooks.Passage6本文是一篇说明文,主要讲了真人图书馆的目的、操作方式、发展情况以及在新冠肺炎疫情期间发挥的作用等。1.G考查过渡句。空前一句讲到了真人图书馆与传统图书馆不同,因此,空处应该会讲到这种不同具体体现在什么地方。G项"在这个图书馆,你可以‘借’人来聊天而不是借书"符合语境,且与空后的"你可以在借来的真人图书的帮助下反思自己的观点"呼应,故G项符合语境。2.A考查细节句。根据空后的"peoplewhootherwise...roomforconversation"可以推断,真人图书馆为人们提供了对话的空间,故A项符合语境。3.F考查细节句。根据语境可知,本空承接空前一句,此处应该会讲到来这里交流时要知道的一些情况,故F项符合语境。4.E考查细节句。根据语境可知,空处应该会继续讲RonniAbergel,故B、E项符合初步判断。根据空后的"thelibraryhas...festivalsandschools"可知,空处讲到的应该是RonniAbergel想要让真人图书馆服务全球,故E项符合语境。5.C考查细节句。根据空后的"atimelyway...athome"可知,真人图书馆在新冠肺炎疫情期间及时给人们提供了帮助,故C项符合语境。答案

话题:应对防卫心理主题语境:人与自我核心素养:思维品质词数:约304

[2022名师原创]Defensivenessisanaturalreactionwhenyoufeelattacked.▶1Andit'sonewayyouescaperesponsibilityforyouractionswhenfacingadifficultorunpleasantpersonofsituation.Inconversations,though,defensivenesscanquicklydestroyanyhopesofunderstandingandmovingforward.Sohowcanyourespondtodefensiveness?

Meetingdefensivenesswithdefensivenessislikelytoincreasethetensionratherthanremoveit.Saying"don'tlakeitpersonally"probablywon'thelpeither.▶2Soarguingwithadefensiveperson,becomingdefensiveyourself,orbeingjudgmentalwillconfirmtheiranxiety.Whenapersonisdefensive,they'reactingonemotion.Ifemotionsarerunninghigh,youmaywanttowalkawayforawhile,collectyourthoughts,andcomebacktotheconversationlateruntilyoufeelincontrol.▶3

Onewaytomanagedefensivenessistofollowsomecommunicationgroundrules.Forexample,youmightagreethateachpersongetsthechancetospeakwithoutinterruptionwhiletheotherpersonlistens.▶4Thenswitchroles.Inthisway,youcanaddstructuretoyourconversation.

5Doingthatmayhelpyoutakethingslesspersonallyandavoidgettingthemtothinkthatyou'rejudgingthem.Askquestionswithagenuineinterest,andtrytounderstandwhytheyfeeldefensive.Ifit'saresponsetosomethingyousaidordidoryourtone,apologizeforthatandtryadifferentapproachnexttime.

Passage7

A.Gettingdefensiveprotectsyouandyourfeelings.

B.Youshouldgetcuriousabouttheotherperson'sopinion.

C.Defensivenessisusuallybornoutoffearofrefusalorjudgment.

D.Itmakessensethatyouwanttopickuphelpfultipsoncopingwithit.

E.There'realsosituationswheredefensivenesscreatesanunhealthystate.

F.Ifthisisthecase,communicatetotheotherpersonthatyouneedspace.

G.Thelistenercanreflectontheinformationreceivedandconfirmthespeaker'sfeelings.Passage7本文是说明文。文章主要阐述了应对防卫心理的方法。1.A考查细节句。空后提到"而且这是你在面对棘手或讨厌的人或情况时逃避责任的一种方式"。故选A项"有防卫心理会保护你和你的感情"。2.C考查细节句。C项"防卫心理通常源于对拒绝或评判的恐惧"与下文衔接紧密,C项中的"fear"和"judgment"对应空后的"judgmental"和"anxiety"。3.F考查细节句。空前提到"你可能想要先走开一会儿,整理一下思绪,直到你能冷静下来再回到谈话中",F项"如果是这种情况,跟对方说你需要空间"承接上文。F项的"thecase"与上文呼应。4.G考查过渡句。空前提到"每个人都有机会不受干扰地说话,而另一个人在听",空后提到"然后交换角色",G项"倾听者可以思考他们所听到的,并确认说话者的感受"承上启下,符合语境。5.B考查主题句。空后提到"那样做可以帮助你不那么个人化地看待事情,避免别人认为你在评判他们",故空处应是具体做法。再结合下文的"Askquestionswithagenuineinterest,andtrytounderstand"可知,选B项"你应该对对方的观点感兴趣"。答案

话题:自行车博物馆主题语境:人与社会核心素养:语言能力词数:约315

[2022名师原创]Howmanybicyclesdoyouneedinyourlife?For67-year-oldChaiLin,it's1,300andcounting.

Chaihasbeenfondofbicyclessincethe1960swhenhesawsomepeopleridingthetwo-wheeledvehicleinhishomecityLanzhouinNorthwestChina.▶1Togetenoughmoney,Chaiusedhistalentforwritingandpaintingtocreateartworksandsoldthemonthestreet.Thankstoalltheeffortsand"crowdfunding"inhisfamily,ChaigotaBritish-madeRaleighin1980.▶2

Afterbecomingabusinesspersonandearningenoughtobuyfancymotorbikesandcars,Chai'spassionforbikes,however,didn'tfade.▶3TheitemshavebroughtChaienormoussatisfaction,butmanypeoplearoundsayChaihasboughtnothingmorethanapileofuselessmetal.Henevermindsthecomments.Inhiseyes,thebikesalsoshowthedevelopmentofglobalindustrialcivilization.

▶4In2009,withthesupportofthelocalgovernment,hedecidedtoinvestmoneyinamuseumforthebikes.Withanareaof18,650squaremeters,themuseumstoresnotonlybikes,butmorethan13,500bike-relatedthingslikebooksandphotos.Themuseumhasbeenselectedasanoff-campusresearchcenterforlocalprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentsandispopularwithtourists.▶5AVRdevicenowisavailableforvisitorstoexperiencethefeelingofridingondifferenttypesofbikes."Bikescarrypreciousmemoriesofourgeneration.Theydeserveacomfortable‘home’,"Chaisaid.Passage8

A.However,inthatera,abicyclewasaluxury.

B.Theideaofbuildingabikemuseumcametohim.

C.Chaihasconstantlyupgradedthefacilitiesinsideit.

D.Buthisfamilythoughthewasblowingmoneyonnonsense.

E.Chaitreasureditsomuchthathewasevenunwillingtorideit.

F.Withhiscollectiongrowing,therewasnospacetokeepthebikes.

G.Hebegancollectingbikesofvariousbrandsandagesfromaroundtheworld.

本文是记叙文。柴林自幼时起就酷爱自行车,后来他开始收集来自世界各地的自行车,并在当地政府的支持下,建立了一家自行车博物馆。Passage8答案【核心单词】fadev.逐渐消逝,逐渐消失;(使)变淡,变暗

enormousadj.巨大的,庞大的,极大的luxuryn.奢侈品;奢华;不常有的乐趣(或享受、优势)

treasurev.珍视,珍爱,珍重n.金银财宝,财富;极贵重的物品,珍品

1.A考查细节句。空前提到柴林对自行车的喜爱从20世纪60年代就开始了,空后提到为了获得足够的钱,他利用自己在写作和绘画方面的天赋创作艺术品并在街上售卖,故空处应涉及柴林当时买自行车遇到的困难,A项"然而,在那个时代,自行车是奢侈品"符合语境。2.E考查细节句。空前提到通过他的努力和家人的"众筹",柴林在1980年得到了一辆英国制造的自行车,由此可推断,空处应与柴林得到自行车后的心情或做法等有关,故E项"柴林太珍惜这辆自行车了,以至于他不愿意骑它"能承接上文。3.G考查过渡句。空前提到柴林对自行车的热爱并没有消退,空后提到这些物品给他带来了巨大的满足感,故空处内容应涉及柴林对自行车的热爱是如何被满足的,G项"他开始收集来自世界各地的不同品牌、不同年代的自行车"承上启下。空后的"Theitems"指代G项中的"bikesofvariousbrandsandages"。4.F考查过渡句。上文提到柴林收集来自世界各地的自行车,空后提到在当地政府的支持下,柴林投资建立了一家自行车博物馆,F项"随着他的收藏品的不断增多,他没有空间去放置自行车了"是上文中柴林的做法带来的结果,也是他成立博物馆的原因。【易错点拨】B项"他萌生了建立自行车博物馆的想法"虽与本段主旨一致,但是与上文内容不衔接,且与下文的"hedecidedtoinvestmoneyinamuseumforthebikes"重复,故可排除。5.C考查细节句。根据空后提到的现在一个VR装置可供游客体验乘坐不同类型自行车的感觉可知,空处应与博物馆内部的情况有关,故C项"柴林不断升级博物馆内的设施"符合语境。

考点2标题句、主题句和结论句

话题:与宠物亲近主题语境:人与自然核心素养:思维品质词数:约326

[2022山东聊城一模]Havingapetcanbeamagicalmomentforalotofpeople.Welcominganewfurryguestinyourlifeconveysafeelingofblissunmatchedbyanythingelse.Unfortunately,manynewpetownerscantakeawhiletoadjustwiththeirpetsandstruggletobondwiththem.1AccordingtocelebritydogtrainerNicoleEllis,certainstepswillhelpyougetclosertoyourpetandeventuallybecomeitsbestfriend.

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatspendingtimewithyourpetscangreatlyhelpyoubondwiththem.Cats,dogs,andotheranimalslovetobeincludedintheactivitiesoftheirhumancompanions.Whetheritisgoingonerrandsorjustchillingathomewatchingamovie,makesureyourfurryfriendsarewithyouandenjoyingthemselves.▶2

Anotherthingtokeepinmindisthatplaytimebetweenanownerandtheirpetsisthebestwaytobondandsharewonderfulmomentstogether.Itisimportanttoknowwhattypeofplayyourpetsenjoy.Justlikeeachindividualisdifferent,animalsaredifferentfromeachothertoo.3Notonlywouldtheseactivitieskeepthemingoodhealthandstaveoffboredom,buttheywouldgoalongwaytowardsmakingyouandyourpetscloser.

▶4Whetheryou'reteachingthemasimplecommandlike"Sit!"orteachingthemamorecomplexbackflipanddance,yourpetissuretoenjoyyourcompanyandwouldloveyouallthemoreforit.Trainingwouldalsoeasefrustrationasyourpetswouldgrowtobemoreobedientandwell-behaved.5

Passage1

A.Intime,you'llbeinseparable.

B.Justbesuretorewardthemafter.

C.Trainingwouldboostyourconfidence.

D.Alltheanimalsdon'tlikethesameactivities.

E.Exploreandfigureoutwhatwouldbethebestactivities.

F.Mostpeopleforgetthattrainingthepetsandteachingthemtricksisahealthyway.

G.Itisimportantthatyouandyourfurryfriendhaveahealthyandlovingrelationship.Passage1

【考点突破】七选五有些设空简明地概括了一个段落的主要内容,或突出了某个段落的主题,或是对某个段落的总结,它们分别称为标题句、主题句和结论句。标题句一般自成一行,根据设空位置很容易分辨出来;主题句大多数情况下是在段首,有时也在段尾;结论句基本上都是在段尾。三者考查的都是考生的概括能力。

解答段落标题句这类试题时,首先应根据设空位置判断出考查的是段落小标题,即考查对下文段落主要内容的总结归纳;其次,结合下文找出中心句和关键词句,特别留意but,therefore,however等词后的句子;最后,识别关键词和哪个选项呼应。段落标题句一般短小精悍,一旦中心意思匹配,该选项即是答案。

段落主题句或结论句通常言简意赅,能够高度概括某段的大意或总结某段或全文的主要内容。考生应快速阅读整个段落,把握大意,选择能够体现整段主要意思或能够总结本段所讲内容的选项,最后还要带入原文检验是否与整篇文章的结构及大意相符。答案

这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一些和宠物建立亲密关系的方法。1.G考查过渡句。根据上文中的"manynewpetownerscantakeawhiletoadjustwiththeirpetsandstruggletobondwiththem"可知,许多新养宠物的人需要一段时间来适应和他们的宠物相处,并努力与它们建立亲密的关系;根据下文中的"certainstepswillhelpyougetclosertoyourpetandeventuallybecomeitsbestfriend"可知,一些步骤可以帮助你和你的宠物更亲近,并最终成为它最好的朋友。空处承上启下,说明你和宠物建立怎样的关系,G项"你和你毛茸茸的朋友之间有一个健康而有爱的关系是很重要的"符合语境,且G项中的"relationship"与上文中的"bond"相呼应,故选G。2.A考查结论句。根据上文可知,你要确保你的宠物和你待在一起并且玩得开心。本空为本段最后一句,应说明这一做法带来的结果,A项"假以时日,你们会形影不离"符合语境,故选A。3.E考查细节句。下文提到了"theseactivities",那么本空应与"这些活动"有关,E项"探索并找出最好的活动"符合语境,且与上文中的"knowwhattypeofplayyourpetsenjoy"相呼应,故选E。4.F考查主题句。根据下文中的"Whetheryou'reteachingthemasimplecommand...well-behaved"可知,本段主要介绍了训练宠物的相关内容,F项"大多数人忘记了训练宠物和教它们一些技巧是一种健康的方式"能概括本段的主旨,且F项中的"training"和"teaching"与下文中的"teaching"和"Train