考研考博-英语-哈尔滨工程大学押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-哈尔滨工程大学押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

TheterroristattacksinLondonThursdayservedasastunningreminderthatintoday’sworld,youneverknowwhatyoumightseewhenyoupickupthenewspaperorturnontheTV.Disturbingimagesofterrorcantriggeraninstinctiveresponsenomatterhowcloseorfarawayfromhometheventhappened.

Throughouthistory,everymilitaryconflicthasinvolvedpsychologicalwarfareinonewayoranotherastheenemysoughttobreakthemoralsoftheiropponent.Butthankstoadvancesintechnology,thepopularityoftheInternet,andproliferationofnewscoverage,therulesofengagementinthistypeofmentalbattlehavechanged.

Whetherit’samassiveattackorasinglehorrificact,theeffectsofpsychologicalwarfarearen'tlimitedtothephysicaldamageinflicted.Instead,thegoaloftheseattacksistoinstillasenseoffearthatismuchgreaterthantheactualthreatitself.

Therefore,theimpactofpsychologicalterrordependslargelyonhowtheactsarepublicizedandinterpreted.Butthatalsomeanstherearewaystodefendyourselfandyourlovedonesbyputtingthesefearsintoperspectiveandprotectingyourchildrenfromhorrificimages.

WhatIsPsychologicalTerror?“Theuseofterrorismasatacticisbaseduponinducingaclimateoffearthatisdisproportionatewiththeactualthreat.”saysMiddleEasternhistorianRichardBullietofColumbiaUniversity.“Everytimeyouhaveanactofviolence,publicizingthatviolentbecomesanimportantpartoftheactitself.”

“Therearevariouswaystohaveyourimpact.Youcanhaveyourimpactbythemagnitudeofwhatyoudo,bythesymboliccharacteroftarget,orthehorrificqualityofwhatyoudotoasingleperson,”BulliettellsWebMD.“Thepointisthatitisn’twhatyoudo,butit’showit’scoveredthatdeterminestheeffect.”Forexample,BullietsaystheIranianhostagecrisis,whichbeganin1979andlastedfor444days,wasactuallyoneofthemostharmlessthingsthathappenedintheMiddleEastinthelast25years.AlloftheU.S.hostageswereeventuallyreleasedunharmed,buttheeventremainsapsychologicalscarformanyAmericanswhowatchedhelplesslyaseachevening’snewscastcountedthedaysthehostageswerebeingheldcaptive.

Bullietsaysterroristsfrequentlyexploitimagesofagroupofmaskedindividualsexertingtotalpowerovertheircaptivestosendthemessagethattheactisacollectivedemonstrationofthegroup’spowerratherthananindividualcriminalact.“Youdon’thavethenotionthatacertainpersonhastakenahostage.It’sanimageofgrouppower,andtheforcebecomesgeneralizedratherthanpersonalized,”saysBulliet.“Therandomnessandtheubiquity（无处不在）ofthethreatgivetheimpressionofvastlygreatercapacities.”

PsychiatristAnsarHaroun,whoservedintheU.S.ArmyReservesinthefirstGulfWarandmorerecentlyinAfghanistan,saysthatterroristgroupsoftenresorttopsychologicalwarfarebecauseit’stheonlytactictheyhaveavailabletothem.“Theydon’thaveM-16s,andwehaveM-16s.Theydon’thavethemightymilitarypowerthatwehave,andtheyonlyhaveaccesstothingslikekidnapping,”saysHaroun,whoisalsoaclinicalprofessorofpsychiatryattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.

“Inpsychologicalwarfare,evenonebeheading（斩首）canhavethepsychologicalimpactthatmightbeassociatedwithkilling1.000oftheenemy,”HarountellsWebMD.“Youhaven’treallyharmedtheenemyverymuchbykillingonepersonontheotherside.Butintermsofinspiringfear,anxiety,terror,andmakingusallfeelbad,you’veachievedalotofdemoralization.”

1.Whathaschangedtherulesofpsychologicalwarfare?

2.Thegoalofpsychologicalwarfareisto（

）.

3.AccordingtoRichardBulliet,publicizinganactofviolencebecomesanimportantpartofterrorismitselfbecause

（

）.

4.TheIranianhostagecrisisshowsthat

（

）.

5.Inthispassagetheauthor（

）.

问题1选项

A.Terroristattacks.

B.Theincreaseofmilitaryconflicts.

C.Advancesinnuclearweapons.

D.Prosperityofthemedia.

问题2选项

A.changetheideologyoftheopponent

B.winabattlewithoutmilitaryattacks

C.generateagreatersenseoffear

D.bringaboutmorephysicaldamage

问题3选项

A.psychologicalterrorismisatactic

B.terrorismdependsonaclimateoffearratherthanontheactualthreat

C.theuseofterrorismistoinspirefearthatismoredestructivethantheactualthreat

D.publicizingtheviolencecanmakemorepeopleknowtheactualthreat

问题4选项

A.meansdetermineseffects

B.hostagecrisesareprevalent

C.psychologicalterrorsremainharmless

D.theAmericanmediaiseffective

问题5选项

A.emphasizesthegreatimpactofpsychologicalwarfare

B.criticizestheviolenceofterrorism

C.callsforanendtopsychologicalwarfare

D.opposesthehostagecrisis

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Butthankstoadvancesintechnology,thepopularityoftheInternet,andproliferationofnewscoverage,therulesofengagementinthistypeofmentalbattlehavechanged.（但由于科技的进步、互联网的普及和新闻报道的扩散，这种心理战的交战规则已经改变）可知D选项“媒体的繁荣”符合题意。

2.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的Instead,thegoaloftheseattacksistoinstillasenseoffearthatismuchgreaterthantheactualthreatitself.（相反，这些攻击的目的是灌输一种比实际威胁本身更大的恐惧感）可知C选项“产生更大的恐惧感”符合题意。

3.细节事实题。由文章第五段中的Theuseofterrorismasatacticisbaseduponinducingaclimateoffearthatisdisproportionatewiththeactualthreat.（将恐怖主义作为一种战术是基于制造一种与实际威胁不相称的恐惧气氛）可知C选项“使用恐怖主义是为了激起比实际威胁更具破坏性的恐惧”符合题意。

4.推理判断题。由文章第六段中的Thepointisthatitisn’twhatyoudo,butit’showit’scoveredthatdeterminestheeffect.（关键不是你做了什么，而是它的报道方式决定了效果）可知A选项“手段决定效果”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。文章首段提出恐怖活动；第二段引出心理战；第三至六段介绍了心理战带来的影响比实际威胁更大；第五段介绍了伊朗人质危机给美国人带来的心理创伤；第六段介绍了恐怖分子随机性和普遍性给人心理上产出更大的威胁；第七段介绍了恐怖组织利用心理战作战；最后一段引用Haroun的话，再次强调心理战带来的影响。因此A选项“强调心理战的巨大影响”符合题意。

2.单选题

Mary'smotherhadto（

）herdressbecauseMaryisgrowingsotall.

问题1选项

A.letoff

B.letgo

C.letout

D.letloose

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。letoff意为“让……下车，引爆”；letgo意为“放开，释放，发射”；letout意为“泄露，放大，出租”；letloose意为“释放，放出，放任”。

句意：玛丽的母亲不得不把玛丽的衣服改大，因为玛丽长得很高。

3.单选题

Theremarkable（

）oflifeontheGalapagosIslandsinspiredCharlesDarwinto

establishhistheoryofevolution.

问题1选项

A.classification

B.variety

C.density

D.diversion

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。classification“分类，类别”；variety“多样化”；density“密度”；diversion“转移，消遣”。句意：加拉帕戈斯群岛上生物显著的多样性激发了达尔文去建立自己的进化论。由后半句“激发了达尔文去建立自己的进化论”可推知该岛上的生物是多样的。答案B

4.单选题

Thatterribledaywillbedeeply（）inthechildren’smemory.

问题1选项

A.included

B.embraced

C.embedded

D.removed

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项included“包括”；B选项embraced“包含；拥抱”；C选项embedded“使嵌入；使深留脑中”；D选项removed“去掉；移除”。句意：那可怕的一天将……在孩子们的记忆中。关键点Thatterribleday“那可怕的一天”，可知这份记忆是深刻的而且不美好，深深烙印在孩子们的记忆里。beembeddedin“嵌入；扎根于”，因此C选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Nomatterhowfrequently（）,theworksofBeethovenalwaysattractlargeaudience.

问题1选项

A.performed

B.performing

C.tobeperformed

D.beingperformed

【答案】A

【解析】考查分词用法。nomatterhow引导让步状语从句，后接形容词、分词或副词，表示“不管怎样，无论如何”。本题中动词“perform”的逻辑主语是“theworksofBeethoven”，它们之间的关系是被动关系，即“贝多芬的作品被演奏”，因而要用过去分词。例如：Nomatterhowoftenrepeated，therumorisnottrue。（谣言无论被重复多少次也不是真的。）选项D用了被动语态，表示现在进行时的被动，故D选项不对。所以本题的正确答案是A选项。句意：尽管贝多芬的作品经常被演奏，它们还是吸引大批听众。综上所述，本题的正确答案是A选项。

6.单选题

Whyshouldanyonebuythelatestvolumeintheever-expandingDictionaryofNational

Biography?Idonotmeanthatitisbad,asthereviewerswillagree.Butitwillcostyou65pounds.Andhaveyougottherestofvolumes?Youneedthebasic22plusthelargelydecennialsupplementstobringthetotalto31.Ofcourse,itwillbeanswered,publicandacademiclibrarieswillwantthenewvolume.Afterall,itadds1068livesofpeoplewhoescapedthenetoftheoriginalcompilers.Yetin10years’timearevisedversionofthewholecaboodle,calledtheNewDictionaryofNationalBiography,willbepublished.Itseditor.ProfessorColinMatthew,tellsmethathewillhaveroomforabout50,0001ives，some13,000morethaninthecurrentDNB.Thisratherputsthe1,068inMissingPersonsintheshade.

WhenDr.NichollswrotetoTheSpectatorin1989askingfornamesofpeoplewhomreadershadlookedupintheDNBandbeendisappointednottofind,shesaysthatshereceivedsome1009000suggestions.(Well,shehadwrittento“otherqualitynewspapers”too.)Assoonashercommitteehadwhittledthenumbersdown,theprofessionalproblemsofaneditorbegan.Contributorsdidn’tfilecopyontime;somewhodidsenttoomuch.50,000wordsinsteadof500isarecord,accordingtoDr.Nicholls.

Thereremainsthedinner-partygameofwho’sout.Thatisagamethatthereviewershaveplayedandwillcontinuetoplay.Criminalsweremayinitialworry.Afterall,theoriginaleditionoftheDNBboasted.Malefactorswhosecrimesexciteapermanentinteresthavereceivedhardlylessattentionthanbenefactors.Mr.JohnGrossclearlyhadsimilaranxieties,forhecomplainsthat,whilethemurdererChristieisin.Crippenisout.OnemightsayinreplythattheinjusticeofthehangingofEvansinsteadofChristies(entryinMissingPersons)notes.ButthenCrippenwasreputedasthefirstmurderertobecaughtbytelegraphy(hehadtriedtoescapebyshiptoAmerica).

ItissurprisingtofindMaxMillerexcludedwhenreallynotverymemorablenamesgetin.TherehasbeenaconsciousefforttoputinartistsandarchitectsfromtheMiddleAges.Abouttheirlivesnotmuchisalwaysknown.

OfHugoofBuryStEdmunds,a12th-centuryilluminatorwhosedatesofbirthanddeatharenotrecordedhisbiographercomments.“WhetherornotHugewasawall-painter,therecordsofhisactivitiesascarverandmanuscriptpainterattesttohisversatility”.Thentherehadtobemorewomen,too(12percent,againsttheoriginalDBN’s3),suchasRoyStrong’ssubject,theTudorpainterLevinaTeerlinc,ofwhomheremarks,“Hermostcharacteristicfeatureisaheadattachedtoatoosmall,spindlybody.Hertechniqueremainedawkward,thinandoftencursory.”Doesn’tseemtoqualifyherasamemorableartist.YetitmaybebetterthantherecordoftheoriginalDNB,whichincludedlivesofpeoplewhoneverexisted(suchasMerlin)andevenmanagedtogivethankstoJ.W.Clerkeasacontributor.Though,asalatereditionadmitsinashamefacedfootnote,“exceptfortheentryintheListofcontributorsthereisnotraceofJ.W.Clerke”.

1.Thewritersuggeststhatthereisnosenseinbuyingthelatestvolume（

）.

2.OntheissueofwhoshouldbeincludedintheDNB,thewriterseemstosuggestthat（

）.

3.CrippenwasabsentfromtheDNB（

）.

4.Theauthorquotedafewentriesinthelastparagraphto（

）.

5.Throughoutthepassage,thewriter’stonetowardstheDNBwas（

）.

问题1选项

A.becauseitisnotworththeprice

B.becauseithasfewerentriesthanbefore

C.unlessonehasallthevolumesinhiscollection

D.unlessanexpandedDNBwillcomeoutshortly

问题2选项

A.theeditorshadclearrulestofollow

B.thereweretoomanycriminalsintheentries.

C.theeditorsclearlyfavoredbenefactors.

D.theeditorswereirrationalintheirchoices

问题3选项

A.becauseheescapedtotheU.s

B.becausedeathsentencehadbeenabolished

C.forreasonsnotclarified

D.becauseoftheeditor’smistake

问题4选项

A.illustratesomefeaturesoftheDNB

B.giveemphasistohisargument

C.impressthereaderwithitscontent

D.highlightthepeopleintheMiddleAge

问题5选项

A.complimentary

B.supportive

C.sarcastic

D.bitter

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.语义理解题。作者在第一段提到“人们为什么要购买不断增补的《全国名人传记辞典》的最新一卷？我并不是像那些评论家一样认为这本辞典不好。但是，它的价格高达65英镑，而且，你买了其他卷册了吗？你需要22卷基础册，加上每两年出版的增订卷，要买齐整套书就要买31册。”这里的含义是，这本辞典每两年都要出版增补卷，除非你全部都买了，否则购买最新一卷就没有意思。所以C选项‘除非你收藏了所有的书’正确。A“不值得它的售价”也是原因之一，却不是主要原因。B“相比之前的版本，它收录的词条更少。”与文章意思不符。C“除非增订版名人传记缩短出版时间”在文章中没有提及。

2.语义理解题。文章第三段开头提到了“Thereremainsthedinner-partygameofwho’sout.Thatisagamethatthereviewershaveplayedandwillcontinuetoplay.关于选录谁的问题，这是读者提出的问题，并且他们还将提出这样的问题。”，“罪犯的入选让人担心...”，但是Crippen却没有当作值得一提的人物收录其中；第四段，作者提到‘ItissurprisingtofindMaxMillerexcludedwhenreallynotverymemorablenamesgetin.TherehasbeenaconsciousefforttoputinartistsandarchitectsfromtheMiddleAges.Abouttheirlivesnotmuchisalwaysknown.值得被收入的人选被意外地没有收录，却有很多中世纪生平不详的艺术家和建筑家。‘因此作者想表达的是编辑在选录人选上没有合理的根据，D选项正确。

3.细节判断题。作者在第三段举出Crippen的例子，正是为了说明Crippen应该收录进名人传记，然后却没有。作者自己也没有找出原因。所以C选项符合题意。

4.语义理解题。作者在最后一段提到了辞典中包括的几个生平不详，而且是他认为被莫名其妙地收录辞典的人，用以说明他在第四段提到观点，编辑在收录人选时没有合理的根据。所以B选项符合题意。

5.作者观点题。作者全文都在批评名人传记一书，所以A选项“赞美”，B选项“支持”，D选项“充满仇恨的”排除，选项C“讽刺的”符合题意。

7.单选题

Thereisagreat（）instrengthbetweenthetwoteams.

问题1选项

A.disparity

B.deficiency

C.disparagement

D.disrelation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项disparity“不同；不一致”；B选项deficiency“缺陷，缺点”；C选项disparagement“轻蔑；轻视”；D选项disrelation“不相干；没有相应的联系”。句意：两队力量悬殊。四个选项中，只有A项符合句意。

8.单选题

Thereissomediscrepancybetweenhisexplanationofthetheoryandyours.

问题1选项

A.distinction

B.discredit

C.disparity

D.disjunction

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项distinction“区别”；B选项discredit“怀疑”；C选项disparity“不一致”；D选项disjunction“分离”。句意：他对这个理论的解释和你的不一致。划线部分discrepancy是不一致的意思。因此C选项正确。

9.单选题

Don’tlethiscriticism（）you;hebelongstothekindofpeoplewhoalwaystakegreatdelightinfindingfaultwithother’sbehavior.

问题1选项

A.persuade

B.concern

C.dismiss

D.discourage

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项persuade“说服”；B选项concern“影响，牵扯”；C选项dismiss“解散，解雇”；D选项discourage“阻止，使气馁”。句意：不要因为他的批评而（）；他是那种喜欢对别人的行为吹毛求疵的人。本句表达的意思“不要因为他的批评而气馁”，因此D选项符合题意。

10.单选题

ThemonthwhichstartedwiththefallofRomewitnessedalsothefallofothercitiesandtheGermanFortresswassuccessfullybesieged.

问题1选项

A.suppressed

B.surveyed

C.surrounded

D.surrendered

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。besiege表示“围困，包围”；A项suppress“抑制，镇压”，B项survey“调查，测量”，C项surround“围绕，包围”，D项surrender“投降，放弃”。句意：从罗马沦陷开始的那个月，也见证了其他城市的沦陷，德国要塞被成功包围。根据句意该题选C。

11.填空题

Ann（1）bominLondonbutshe（2）upinScotland

【答案】1.was

2.grew

【解析】1.固定搭配。Bebornin出生于。这里应该用一般过去时。

2.固定搭配。growup成长。

12.单选题

（

）theissueofslaveryandracehasbeenfundamentalinAmerica’sdevelopment.

问题1选项

A.Promoting

B.Confronting

C.Conquering

D.Measuring

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国发展中所面临的最基本的问题是奴隶制与种族问题。promote“提升”；confront“面临”；conquer“战胜”；measure“测量”。根据句意，选项B符合题意。

13.单选题

Britain’spressisunusual（）itisdividedintotwoverydifferenttypesofnewspaper:thequalitypressandthepopularpress.

问题1选项

A.inhow

B.inwhat

C.inwhich

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】语法题。根据句子结构，可知空格后为原因状语从句，表原因。inthat相当于because，可引导原因状语从句。句意：英国的报纸不同寻常之处在于，它被分为两种截然不同的报纸:严肃报纸和大众报纸。选项D符合题意。

14.单选题

Mr.Smithissupposed（）forItalylastweek.

问题1选项

A.tohaveleft

B.havingleft

C.toleave

D.tobeleaving

【答案】A

【解析】语法题。besupposedtodosth.为固定用法,

意为应该做某事,

所以首先排除选项B。选项A表示“已经离开”,

选项C表示“准备离开”,

选项D表示“正在离开”。根据句意：史密斯先生应该上个星期就已经离开去意大利了,

选项A符合句意。

15.单选题

Hotmetal______asitgrowscooler.

问题1选项

A.contracts

B.reduces

C.condenses

D.compresses

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项contract“收缩、订约”；B项reduce“减少”；C项condense“浓缩、凝结”；D项compress“压缩、压紧、精简”；句意：热金属一变冷就收缩。因此该题A项正确。

16.填空题

Thesedrugs________alertness,elevatemood,anddecreasefatigueandtheneedforsleep,buttheyoftenmakeusersirritableandtalkative.(height)

【答案】heighten

【解析】【考查点】动词。

【解题思路】Thesedrugs为句子主语，横线处为谓语动词。结合语境，这里先列出了这些药物的治疗功效，然后列出药物副作用，其中一个功效就是_____警觉性，heighten的意思为“（使）加强，提高，增加”，符合语境。

【句意】这些药物会提高警觉性，改善情绪，减少疲劳和睡眠需求，但它们往往让服用者易怒并且健谈。

17.单选题

RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry’sGDPmeasures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.”WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.

ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK’sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?

Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.

Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn’tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandenvironment.

Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn.WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofcountry’ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.

SowhatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityofeducationoutcomes—allthingthatcontributetoaperson’ssenseofwell-being.

ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakers,whorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress

1.RobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecausehe（

）.

2.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?

4.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebestforthetext?

问题1选项

A.praisedtheUKforitsGDP

B.identifiedGDPwithhappiness

C.misinterpretedtheroleofGDP

D.hadalowopinionofGDP

问题2选项

A.theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern

B.theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy

C.GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK

D.policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP

问题3选项

A.ItexcludesGDPasanindicator

B.Itissponsoredby163countries.

C.Itscriteriaarequestionable

D.Itsresultareenlightening

问题4选项

A.theUKispreparingforaneconomicboom

B.highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline

C.itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP

D.itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissue

问题5选项

A.HighGDPbutInadequateWell-being,aU.Klesson

B.GDPfigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth

C.RobertF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDP

D.Brexit,theUK’sGatewaytoWell-being

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry’sGDPmeasures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile”提到肯尼迪对于GDP的看法，他说一个国家的GDP可以衡量的是除了使生命变得有价值之外的每件事，言下之意就是GDP是没有意义的。可见他对GDP是持否定态度的。选项D符合题意。

2.文章第二段以英国为例来说明GDP数值好并不代表国家的经济好，也不代表国民的生活好，不然为什么会有那么多人支持脱欧（Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?）选项C“GDP作为衡量成功的标准在英国不被广泛认同”符合题意。

3.文章第三段第一句Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion提到最近一项关于各国及其将经济增长转化为福利的能力的年度研究揭示了这个问题。选项D符合题意，“结果具有启发性”。

4.文章倒数第二段再一次提到肯尼迪对GDP的看法，他指的是尽管国内生产总值（GDP）是衡量各国经济活动的最常用方法，但作为衡量标准，这已经不够了。它没有把其他一些重要的因素比如环境质量或教育成果包括进来，由此可以推测选项C符合题意，“把GDP以外的一些因素考虑进来”。

5.文章第一段通过肯尼迪对于GDP的消极观点引出原文，并通过英国脱欧这个案例来引出考虑GDP这个评价机制的好坏。接下来通过英国的例子指出GDP好并不代表国家发展好。最后指出这是每一个发达国家需要得到的教训。选项A“英国的教训——高GDP，低幸福”符合题意。

18.单选题

Readersarerequiredtocomplywiththerulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.

问题1选项

A.observet

B.memorizet

C.commentt

D.request

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。complywith表示“照做，遵守”；A项observe“观察，遵守”，B项memorize“记住，背熟”，C项comment“发表评论，发表意见”，D项request“要求，请求”。句意：读者应遵守图书馆的各项规定，注意自己的行为举止。根据句意可知，该题选择A项正确。

19.单选题

Nohumanbeingis（

），butAlistairAldingtonmadeveryfewmistakes.

问题1选项

A.fallacious

B.false

C.plausible

D.infallible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。fallacious意为“(思想、论据、道理)谬误的，错误的”；false意为“错误的；不正确的，伪造的”；plausible意为“(借口或解释)有道理的，花言巧语的”；infallible意为“永无过失的，一贯正确的，绝对可靠的”。由句中的but可知前后为转折关系，因此选D。

句意：没有人是永不犯错的，但AlistairAldington很少犯错误。

20.单选题

An（）ofthemoonhasrevealednoevidenceoflife.

问题1选项

A.exploration

B.explanation

C.interview

D.invasion

【答案】A

【解析】句意:月球勘探已经表明月球无生命迹象。

考查名词辨析。exploration探索，勘探，探测；explanation解释；interview面试；invasion侵入。因此A项符合句意。

21.单选题

Isupportyourdecision,butIshouldalsomakeitclearthatIamnotgoingtobe______toit.

问题1选项

A.connected

B.fastened

C.bound

D.stuck

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项connected“连接；联合；关联；链接”；B选项fastened“使固定；集中于；扎牢；强加于；扣紧；抓住；集中注意力”；C选项bound“跳跃着跑；弹回，弹开；形成……的边界；关，围入；限制，束缚”；D选项stuck“刺，戳；伸出；粘贴；坚持；伸出；粘住”。句意：我支持你的决定，但是我得说明，我不打算受它约束。因此C选项正确。

22.单选题

Thesevariedracialgroupshavelearnedtolivetogetherinpeaceand（

），settinganexamplewellworthfollowing.

问题1选项

A.harmony

B.grace

C.rhythm

D.relief

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。harmony和睦，融洽；grace优雅；rhythm节奏，韵律；relief救济，减轻；peaceandharmony和谐和平，是固定搭配。句意：这些不同的种族群体已学会和平共处地生活在一起，树立了值得学习的榜样。答案A

23.单选题

Igotseverallengthyphonecallsfrom（

）employerswhowereveryinterestedinme.

问题1选项

A.prospective

B.rewarding

C.generous

D.monotonous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。prospective意为“预期的”；rewarding意为“值得的”；generous意为“慷慨的，大方的”；monotonous意为“单调乏味的”。

句意：我接到几个来自乏味雇主的冗长的电话，他们对我很感兴趣。

24.单选题

Theprimeminister’sproposalfornewtaxescreatedsucha(an)（

）thathisgovernmentfell.

问题1选项

A.sensation

B.upheaval

C.withdrawal

D.outbreak

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项sensation“轰动”；B选项upheaval“动乱，剧变”；C选项withdrawal“撤退”；D选项outbreak“爆发”。

句意：首相的新税提案造成了如此大的动荡，以至于他的政府垮台了。根据下文的内容可知，选项B更符合语境。

25.不定项选择题

Manyinstructorsbelievethataninformal,relaxedclassroomenvironmentis(1)tolearningandinnovation.Itisnotuncommonforstudentstohave(2)andfriendlyrelationshipswiththeirprofessors.Thecasualprofessorisnotnecessarilyapooroneandisstill(3)bystudents.Althoughstudentsmaybeinasubordinateposition,someprofessorstreatthemas(4).However,nomatterhow(5)professorswouldliketobe,theystillareinapositionofauthority.

Professorsmay(6)socialrelationshipswithstudentsoutsideoftheclassroom,butintheclassroomthey(7)theinstructor’srole.Aprofessormayhavecoffeeonedaywithstudents,buttheother