2014年英语9校暑期讲义-动词时态

++×+√√精锐教育学科教师辅导讲学员 级：新初 数：3学员 辅导科目：英 学科教师授类C（一般将来时，过去将来时，现在完成时，过去完成时T（能力提升授课日期时教学内一、一般将来1.一般将来时态概 after，some/oneday等.例：InthefuturetherewillbelessfreshWillpeopleusemoneyin100years?We’llgoclimbingifitissunnytomorrow.1：inafterEg：I’llbebackintwoI’llbebackaftertwoTheyreturnedtoworkafterlunchLiMingwenttobedafterhefinishedhis练习1in或after1）It’llbefinished fiveminutes.2）Herangyouup I’llbefree nineIt’stwoo’clock.I’llcome an答案：in，afterafter，2：Hewillcomebackintwohours.对划线部分提问 willhecomeIwillstayhereforthree willyoustayKeys：Howsoon;How一般将来时态构成:willbegoingto的用

（1）will/shall动例：Peoplewilllivetobe200yearsintheShallwegohikingon注：1.在口语中，will常缩略成’ll,willnotwon’t例：Whenshallwehavethe 语中，主语为第一人称（I和We)时，也常用助动词shall。但在口语有人称都可以用will。（2）begoingto动Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?TheplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonthLookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.区别：一、begoingto＋动Ihavebookedtheticket.IamgoingtohaveameetinginBeijingnextLookatthedarkclouds,it’sgoingto二、will＋动Itwillbe2015nextThebagistooheavy,Iwillhelp---Haveyoucleanedtheroom---No,Ihaven’t.I tatI’mgoingtoleavenoworIwillbelate.(前者表示一种计划，后者表示客观事实What you (do)tomorrow you adoctorwhenyougrowA.Will;goingto B.Are;goingto C.Are; D.Will;LiMingis10yearsoldnow,nextyearhe A. B.isgoingto C.will D.willto了解其他结be不定式（即to例：Wearetodiscussthereportnext 下星期 这份报告beabout不定式，意为正要做某例：HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他马上要 注：beabouttodotomorrownextweekTherebe句型的一般将来Therewillbe…therebe“将有……”begoingTherewill(isgoingto)bemorefreetimetoplay.将会有 Therewill(isgoingto)beanEnglishfilmthisevening.今天晚上将有一场英语 Thereisgoingtobeabridgeovertherivernextyear. 看“is”是由“begoingto”的be来的。“be”是“therebe”句型中的动词 “beThereisgoingtohaveThere ameetingtomorrowA.willbegoing B.willgoingtoC.isgoingto D.willgoto—Whyareyouinsucha—There anNBAbasketballgameintenminutes.A.willbe B.willhaveC.isgoingto D.aregoingto(Doyouthinkwillthereberobotsinpeople’s：现在进行时表示将come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return等表示物体的位置移动，它们的进行时可例：I'mleavingAreyoustayingheretillnext一般现在时表将come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来，例：ThetrainleavesatsixtomorrowWhendoesthebusstart?Itstartsinten在时间或条件句 主将从现（主句中的动词用一般将来时will+动词形；从句中动词用一般现在时结构时间状语从句中常用的连词有：assoonas,whenbeforeafter，until等。条件状语从句中常用的连词有：if，unless，aslongas。例：WhenBillcomes（willcome）askhimtowaitforI'llwritetoyouassoonasIarriveAslongas lthetruth,IwilltrytohelpIfitdoesn’train Iwillgofishingwithmy1.—Mary,could lmeifyourmother ourschoolsportsmeeting—Ithinkshewillcometoschoolifshe A.willtakepartin;will B.takespartin;C.willtakepartin;is D.takespartin;willbe2.—Tomwantstoknowifyouwillhave ic—Yes.Butifit ,we’llplaychessA.will B. C.is D.IfTom thegame,we'llgivehimaA. B. C. D.—IhearthefamoussingerXuSongmaycometoNingbonext—Really? hecomes,myyoungersisterwillbeveryA. B. C. D.5.Thestudents haveasportsmeetingthisweekendifit won’t; B.will;C.won’t;will D.aregoingto;isgoingto—Whenwillyoucometo—Iwillcallyou IA. B. C.asquickly D.assoonI’llgiveittoJimassoonasI him B.will D.have---Whendoesthetrain---It atfourintheafternoon.A.will B. C. D.is(一)单项选1.-Jim,canyouhelpmewashthe-Sorry,Dad.I totheA. B. C.am D.haveThere atalkshowonCCTV-4atninethisA.will B.isgoingto C.isgoingto D.isI lhimwhenhe B.will C. D.Thesummervacationwillbeginnextweek.David tostaywithA.willbe B. C. D.is–Haveyougonetoseethedoctor?–No,butI A. B.amgoing C. D.amnotgoing adoctorwhenyougrowA.Will;goingto B.Are;goingto C.Are; D.Will;Idon’tknowifhisuncle .Ithinkhe ifitdoesn’tA.willcome; B.willcome;will C.comes; D.comes;willHewillbeback afewA. B. C. D.Whattime wemeetatthegateA. B. C. D.Hewillhaveaholidayassoonashe theworknextA. B.doesn’t C.will D.won’tThere someshowersthisA.will B.will C.isgoingto D.aregoingtoIt mybrother’sbirthdaytomorrow.She A.isgoingtobe;willhave B.willbe;ishavingC.willbe;isgoingto D.willhave;isgoingtoLiMingis10yearsoldnow,nextyearhe A. B.isgoingto C.will D.willto BBDBA综合3项选择—Thereisgoing afootballmatchtomorrow—Great!Canwegoandwatch—IhopeA. B. C. D.【答案】—Could lme —Sorry,I'venoA.willbe B.wouldhe C.hewill D.hewould【答案】 hefinishedreadingthedoesn't, Bdoesn't, C.didn't, D.didn't,【答案】WearegladthattheShenzhen verywill B.willbeC.has D.hasbeen【答案】Could l nextwhereyouheldtheEnglishSummerwheredidyouholdtheEnglishSummerwhereyouwillholdtheEnglishSummerwherewillyouholdtheEnglishSummer【答案】—Wouldyoulike theWutongMountain—Ifmymother .Iwillgowithclimbing;will B.climbing;C.toclimb; D.toclimb;will【答案】Don’tworryaboutourChineseteacher. A.is B. C.will D.would【答案】Nowmy hisbiketoworkeverydayinsteadofA. D.will【答案】Wearegladtohearthatthe toanewfiatnextA. B. C.will D.have【答案】An bysomereportersonfoodproblemsinShanghaiA.is B.is C.was D.was【答案】二、过去将来一、专题精1、过去将来时的概如：HesaidhewouldcomeherenextFriday.他说他下周星期五来这儿。Iknewthathewouldhelpuswhenwewereintrouble.我知道 陷入困境时它会帮 2、过去将来时的结其结构为＂would 如：Shetoldus dtryherbesttocatchupwithotherclassmatesthis WhenyouaskedLiLeiforhelp,hewouldneverrefuseyou. was/weregoingto+动 。该结构有两个主要用法，一是表示过去的打算，二是表示如：Hetoldusthathewasgoingtoattendthemeeting.Ithoughtitwasgoingto was/wereaboutto+动词 如：Iwasabouttogotobedwhenthephone 铃响时我正好 Wewereabouttoleavetherewhenitbegantorainheavilyand就 要离开时，天突然下起了大雨was/wereto+动词 如：Heaskedwherehewastoputit.他问他该把它放在哪里。Shesaidshewastogetmarriednextmonth.3、过去将来时的用过去将来时常用在宾语从句中,主句为过去时，从句表示将要发生的事情；如：Hesaidhewouldstaywithus.他说他要与 Hesaidhewouldnevergothereagain.过去将来时，用于虚拟语气如：IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat.Ifhewerehere,hewouldshowushow 展示该如何做了二、典型例【例题1】---What Yin---Shesaidthey aschooltripthenextA. B. C.would D.由thenextweekend可知，从句应用过去将来时。【参考答案】点评例题1：过去将来时往往用于宾语从句，其结构为＂would+动 【例题2】Ourteachersaidthatthere asportsmeetingthenextA.isgoingto B.will C. D.wasgoingtosaid之后举行，故应选择过去将来时。【参考答案】2：过去将来时常常也可以用现在时的各种表达法的过去式来表示，如“was/waregoingto+动词原【例题3】Ididn’tknowwhetherwe helpthefarmerspickorangesnextA.weregoing B.aregoing C.will D.havedidn’tknowB,C,D【参考答案】三、专题过1、根据汉语完成句子Wedidn’tknowwhetherhe speakatthe 告诉 ，她要买一些书WangLinrangup lhermotherthatshe buysomeTheysaidthatthey thefarmifitdidn’trainthenext 送给她Hesaidhe (give)herthepresentassoonasshe (come)Iknewhewasabout (go)toKeys:(1)wasgoing (2) (3)weregoing (4)wouldgive; (5)to2、单项选 )1. evisionlastnightthenewscasterannouncedthatthe onA.isarriving B.willarrive C.wouldbearrived D.wouldarrive )2.Hetoldusthathewouldbeginthedictationwhenwe A.willbe B.wouldbe C.were D.are )3.Myaunt toseeus, dbeheresoon.A.iscoming B.wascoming C.came D.hadcame )4.Theywouldbegivenanewhouseifmore thenextyear.A.willbebuilt B.wouldbebuilt C.arebuilt D.werebuilt )5.IfIhadenoughmoney,I abighouseformyfather.A.will B.would C.have D.amKeys:3.中 过【2013江苏无锡】4.HasWendyhandedinherapplication—Notsure.Shetoldmethatshewantedtocheckagain itinA.will B.would C.has D.had【答案】B本题考查动词的时态。由句意“他告诉我他想检查一下很快交上去”可知告诉“我”时还没交，又因主【 】46.Theofficialsaidthey anewlawtoprotectthetouriststhenextA. B.would C. D.have【答案】Bwillmake；但主句是一般过去时，从句的时态要变成过去的时态与之对应，因此变为过去将来时：wouldmake。故选B。四、学法提1、专题特点：中考命题中过去将来时题较少，在几种时态中属于出现率较少的一种，was/weregoingtowould+动词，主要考查宾的时态。具体来说，主句如果是一般过去时，且从句中有包含将来的时间状语，如tomorrow,nextweek,inthefuture3三、现在完成一、专题精一、.现在完成时的概(p.p（-语态：主语+have/hasnot+been+过去分词+其他二、现在完成时的基本用现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，但其结果与现在有联系。也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响还存在。1）常与现在完成时连用的不确定的时间状语有：already,yet，just,yet,recently，la y,sofar,theseHehasalreadyreadthebook.—Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?—Yes,Ihave.I’vejusthadit.常与现在完成时连用的表示频度的时间状语有：often，sometimes，ever，nevertwice HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?你去 Ihaveusedthispenonlythreetimes.常与现在完成时连用的包括现在在内的时间状语有：now,uptonow,thismorning/week/monthtodaysofar等。 Tomhaswrittensix rsso Greatchangeshavetakeninthepastfewyears.现在完成时还表示动作从过去某一时刻开始发生，持续到现在的情况。常for+时间段，Hehastaughtinourschoolfor30years.他 学校教书已有30年了Hehasbeenbusysincelastweek.Hehasworkedforuseversinceheleftschool.他离开学校以后就一直为 since①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（过去单词词组从句△对for或since必须用howlong,不能用Eg.Ihavelivedherefor10yearsHowlonghaveyoulivedhere?例句：HehasbeenthereforsixI'vebeenhereanIhavebeenheresince5yearsIhavebeenheresinceIgraduatedin 练习】判断正误并修改Ihavelivedheresincemorethantwentyyears.IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.Myaunthasworkedinafactorysince1949.IhaveknownXiaoLiforshewasalittlegirl.Keys：1.1.sincefor2.T3.T4.for延续动词与瞬间动词（非延续性动词Hehascompletedthe 他已完成了那项工作。（表结果I'veknownhimsince 我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历join------beamemberof、be fallill-------be catcha haveaborrow---- come becometoChina-----bein become------be cometowork workbegin------be beleave------be goto bestartteaching------ ea beagettoknoweach knoweachtake e------beon ※ e,②begin e(go,arrive),⑥die,⑦finish⑧joinleave,Eg:Thefilmhasbeganforten (误Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes(对 HowlonghaveyoubeguntostudyIhaveborrowedthisbookfortwoTheriver everydirtysincelastOurmanagerisawaytoday.HehasbeentoGuangzhouonHehasgoneoutfortwo ept Ihaveboughtthiswatchforfiveyears.（错Ihavehadthiswatchforfiveyears/since5yearsago.（对Theoldmanhasdiedfortenyears.（错Theoldmanhasbeendeadfortenyears/since10yearsago.（对havegonetohavebeentohavebeenin的区havebeento意思是“到过，去过”havegoneto意思是“去了”havebeenin意思是“呆在某处一段时间了”HassheeverbeentoNanjing?她曾去 吗Youhaveneverbeenthere,haveyou?IhavebeentoGuilingIwenttherelastyear.Shehasgoneto 她已经 了 练习：一.My fortenyearsA.havebeeninB.havebeenC.havegonetoD.havehavebeentohavegoneto，havebeeninMikeandhis thenorthforhalfaMumisnotathomenow.she the youever kunming? Where you theseHasJimarrivedhe hereforseveralKeys:一 二：havebeen hasgone havebeen have has四、现在完成时和其他时态的区现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别现在完成进行时强调动作本身，表示动作还没有结束、完成(有延续性）。Ihavereadthisnovel. Ihavebeenreadingthisnovel.(还在读现在完成进行时和现在完成时皆可表示动作对现在产生的结果（影响但现在完成进行时所表示的结果是刚刚完成的动作的结果consequence；（是临时的/直（动作可能刚结束，也可能早已结束Wehavebeencleaningtheclassroom.Wehavecleanedthe： 身上都是灰;或 ：（ ”现在完成时和一般过去时的区别IhavejustbeentoLondon.Iwenttherelastmonth.一般过去时的时间状语yesterday,lastweek，…ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow,for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inpastyears, 过去时的时间副词（如yesterday,last,week,in1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，（错）Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslast（对）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslast【典型例题分析Lanmon hereforalmosttenyearsandhehasmanyChineseA.hasbeenB. C.has D.-Lanmon“foralmosttenyears”for+A. you itamomentA.Did;do; B.Have;done;haveC.Have;done; D.Will;do;才)，故用一般过去时。Mr.Fan thiswatchin2005.Heitfor8A.bought,has B.bought, C.hasbought,has D.hasbought, 2005年买 中有“for8years.”表示时间段，是完成时态的标志词之一，故本题选A。Thefamouswriter somenewbooksinthepasttwoA.is B.was C. D.hasinthepasttwoyearsI thebookthewholeday,yetIhaven’tfinishedA.havebeen B.have C.am D.hadbeenhaven’tfinishedit看出动作还未完成且会持续进行，thewholeday是包含现在的时间(2012杭州)25.Mark inChinafor10yearsandnowheteachesChineseinA.hasworkedB.workedC.hadworkedD.is解题思路：如果用现在完成时，MarkhasworkedinChinafor10years.意为“Mark已经工作10年”，说明现在他是nowheteachesChineseinBritain说明现在已经China，不能用现在完成时，而要用过去式。【2011.海南三亚】HeinXinxiangforfiveyearswhenIheardhisA.has B.had C.is D.hasbeen解题思路：根据题意：当我听到他消息的时候，他已经住在新乡五年了。句中有“forfiveyears”表示时间段，是完成时态的标志词之一，本题选A。二．专题过 aletterfromhimsinceheleft（ 市A．didn'treceiveB．haven'tgotC．didn'thaveD．haven't—Wherehaveyou these—Ihaveto Dazhuwithmyfriends（重庆市） C．gone；beenD．gone；goneHowlonghaveyou thisbook？（哈尔滨市）A．boughtB．borrowedC．hadD．lent—Where'sPeter？—He Nanjing（A．isgoingB．hasbeenC．hasgoneD．wentYou'veneverseensuchawonderfulfilm ？（河北省）haven'tyouB．haveyouC．doyouD．don'tWehavelivedhere fiveyearsago（ 省whenB．sinceC．before—Ihavewatchedthegame．—Whendidyou have；watchedB．do；watchC．did；watch—HowdoyoulikeBeijing，MrBlack？—Oh，I city（A．don'tvisitB．didn'tvisitC．haven'tvisitedD．hadn'tvisitedTheoldpeople lonelyatallsincewebegantovisitthemonceaweek（广州市）A．don'tfeelB．hasn'tfeltC．haven'tfe ．didn'tfeelMy inthesmalltownallhislife．Healwayssayshelikesthetown（ 省livedB．havelivedC．haslivedD．isMissBrown twice（A．havebeenB．hasbeenC．havegoneD．hasgoneHisbrotherhasbeentoStoneForesttwice hecametounnan（ 市afterB．before Hisgrandpa years（wasdiedB．hasbeendeadC．wasdeadD．has—Haveyou

toHaikou？—

August（gone；wentB．been；wentC．been；wenttoD．been；wasHissister herhometownforthreeyears．S year（A．leftB．hasleftC．hasbeenaway D．hasbeenawayfromKey：1—5BBCCB6—10BCCCC11—三、学法提点、already21）找标志性的时间状语，since,just,already,before,yet,uptillnow,overtheyearsinthepastfiveyearsthreetimes,等（现在完成时）2）注意查找所造成的“结果”和“影3、注意事项 注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换for+时间段，since+时间点。havegonetohavebeento四、一、专题精过去完成时的概念和构语态：主语+had(not)+been+过去分词+过去完成时的基本用表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，可以用by,bythetimesb.+一般过去时,before，when,after等词引导的短语或从句作时间状语e.g：Bynineo’clocklastnight,wehadgot200picturesfromthespaceship.到昨天晚上9点钟， 已经收到200张飞船发来的 Alicehadfinishedher beforeherfathercamein.在她父亲进来之前，Alice已经完成 作业until的复合句中，因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时e.g：AfterhearrivedinEngland,Marxworkedhardtoimprovehis过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去，常与for，e等词连用。e.g：Ihadbeenatthebusstopfor20minuteswhenabusfinally20分钟,Hesaidhehadworkedinthatfactorysince他说他自 以来他就在那家工厂工作（注意：延续性动词和非延续性动词过去完成时常常用在toldsaidknewheard,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，e.g：Hesaidthathehadknownherwell.Ithought