考研考博-英语-昆明医科大学海源学院押题密卷附带答案详解篇2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-昆明医科大学海源学院押题密卷附带答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第壹套一.全考点押题密卷-综合训练(共50题)1.单选题

Homeschoolingappearstobeagreatsuccessformiddle-classandwealthyfamilieswhenoneparentishomemostofthetime.However，homeschoolingdoesnotworkininner-cityneighborhoodsbecauseparentseitherworkduringthedayoractivelylookforwork.Numerousestimatesbetween1and2millionhavebeenmaderegardingthenumberofhome-schooledchildreninthiscountry.Homeschoolingwillgrowinthefutureascoursematerialsandtutoringsystemsvastlyimprove.

Nottoomanyyearsago，learningathomemeantreadingabookanddoinghomeworkwithtutoringfromaparentoroldersibling.Today,homeshaveanoutstandingtutoravailable24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Thistutorneverlosesitspatience，becomesupset,turnscritical,orscoldsachildforpoorperformance.Infact,thenewtutoringsystemconstantlyrecognizesgoodperformanceandprovidespraiseforprogressinlearning.Thistutoristhemultimediapersonalcomputer.Fordecades，studentshavebeenlearningviatelevisionprograms.Inrecentyears，studentshavelearnedhowtouseapersonalcomputer.NowtechnologyisbringingtogethertheInternet,video,slides，CD-ROM,andtheinteractivityofacomputertocreatemultimediapresentationsthatstudentsenjoy.

Thecostofthistutoringsystemisabout$1,200.Itcanbeusedforatleastsixyears,sotheannualcostis$200.Iftherearetwostudentsinthefamily,theannualcostdropsto$100perstudent.Inmanyhouseholds,theparentsalsousethecomputer,whichreducestheannualcostevenfurther.

Thetutoringsystemallowshomeschoolerstoexploresubjectswithoutaparentorteachertellingthemwhattodonext.Thecomputeralsoprovidesasafeenvironmentforstudentstotakerisks.Theyseeandhearimmediate,positivereinforcementeverytimetheylearnsomething.Immediate,positiveremediationalsoisavailablewhenthestudentdoesn’tfullyunderstandthelesson.Thecomputeristrulyabreakthroughinstudentlearningandinbuildingself-esteem.

Atfirst,coursewaredevelopersthoughttheyhadtoselltheirproductstocurriculumdirectors,teachercommittees,andschoolboards.Now,thesecompaniessellcoursewaredirectlytoparents.Forexample,insteadofbuyingaleather-boundeditionoftheEncyclopediaBritannica,workingparentscanpurchaseacomputerizedencyclopediafor$35orless.

Coursewarequalityandcoursematerialsimproveannuallybecauseparentsandstudentsbuyonlyhigh-qualityandmotivationalcourses.Withmillionsofhomeschoolersandotherchildrenusingthesematerials,thepricepersubjectnowvariesfrom$20to$40.Intheearlyschoolyears,oneortwocoursewaresystemsaresufficientfortheentireschoolyear.Thecoursewaremarkethasbecomeamulti-million-dollarindustryinwhichqualityincreasesandcostsdecreaseconstantly.

Studieshaveshownthatinteractivecoursewarespeedslearningby30to50percentoverconventionalteachingmethods.Lessonretentionalsoimproves.Manyhomeschoolersneedtostudyonlythreeorfourhours,leavingthemmorethanenoughtimeforextracurricularactivities.

Howwillcoursewareimpactthepublicschools?Itcaneitherbeviewedasasideshowthathasnoplaceinaschoolsystem,whichwouldbeamistake,orpublicschoolscanstudywhycoursewareandhomeschoolinghavesucceeded.Investinginoutstandingcoursematerials,learningsystems,andtutoringsystemshavebeenhomeschooling’skeystosuccess.Thisisexactlywhatmostpublicschoolsdonotdo，eventhoughtheyspendmorethan$300billionintaxpayers’money.Instead,theyclaimtheyhavenomoneyforoutstandingcoursematerials,learningsystems,andtutoringsystems.

Itshouldalsobenotedthatmosthome-schoolingparentsarenotformerteachers.Manyofthemjusthavehighschooldiplomasorhavestudiedayearortwoincommunitycolleges.Thisinformationindicatesthatcertifiedteacherswithininner-cityschoolscouldbemoresuccessfuliftheirclassroomshadoutstandingcoursematerials,learningsystems，andtutoringsystems.

Homeschoolingwillgrowinresponsetotheviolenceinschoolsandtotheconstantdroneofmessagesaboutpoorstudentperformance，butitcannotreplaceourpublicschoolssystemsbecausemostparentsaresimplynotavailabletoprovidehomeschooling.Itishoped,however,thatpublicschoolswillbegintoadoptthesuccessfulaspectsofhomeschooling.Insomecommunities,schooldistrictsareworkingwithhome-schoolingfamiliesonspecialclassesandextracurricularactivities.Thispartnershiphelpssolvetheproblemofovercrowdedschoolsandhelpsreducethemassivebuildingcostsassociatedwithnewschoolbuildings.

1.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

2.ThegrowthofhomeschoolingisduetoseveralfactorsEXCEPT（）.

3.Homeschoolingwillnotreplacepublicschoolsystemsbecause（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor，publicschoolsareexpectedto（）.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardspublicschools?

问题1选项

A.Moderntutorsaremorepatientthanthoseinthepast.

B.Studentsarepraisedwhenevertheylearnnewthings.

C.Coursewarequalityimproveswiththehelpofparents.

D.Tutoringsystemscanhelpstudentsbuildself-esteem.

问题2选项

A.tutors

B.parents

C.coursematerials

D.tutoringsystems

问题3选项

A.mostfamiliescannotaffordthecoursematerials

B.mostparentscannotstayathomeduringtheday

C.teachersofpublicschoolsaremorequalifiedthanparents

D.publicschoolswillalsoinvestinoutstandingcoursematerials

问题4选项

A.studywhyhomeschoolinghassucceeded

B.workwithhomeschoolingfamilies

C.investinoutstandingcoursematerials

D.adoptsuccessfulaspectsofhomeschooling

问题5选项

A.Optimistic.

B.Pessimistic.

C.Critical.

D.Indifferent.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句，“Thecomputeristrulyabreakthroughinstudentlearningandinbuildingself-esteem.”，可知通过电脑在辅助教学系统上学习，对学生学习和建立自尊确实是一个突破。选项D符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句，“Homeschoolingwillgrowinthefutureascoursematerialsandtutoringsystemsvastlyimprove.”，可知教材及教学系统是影响家庭教育的因素，排除C和D选项。根据文章第二段，“Today,homeshaveanoutstandingtutoravailable24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek.Thistutorneverlosesitspatience…”，可知这种教学系统24小时在线，不会失去耐心，也是影响家庭教育增长的一个因素，排除选项A。父母和家庭教育的增长联系并不大，选项B符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句，“However，homeschoolingdoesnotworkininner-cityneighborhoodsbecauseparentseitherworkduringthedayoractivelylookforwork.”，在中心城区，家庭教育并不成功，因为父母要么白天工作，要么积极地寻找工作。选项B符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段，“Itishoped,however,thatpublicschoolswillbegintoadoptthesuccessfulaspectsofhomeschooling.”，可以期望公立学校开始采纳家庭教育成功的方面。选项D符合题意。

5.主旨题。根据全文，作者首先提到课程资料和教学系统等方面的发展使家庭教育呈现不断增长的趋势，随后通过学习速度、时间及出色的课程等各方面将家庭教育和传统公立学校进行了对比，家庭教育都是存在优势的。最后作者希望公立学校能采纳家庭教育成功的方面，做一些改进。可推断出，作者对公立学校是存在批判的态度的。学校C符合题意。

2.单选题

Manycountrieshavemadeitillegaltotalkintoahand-heldmobilephonewhiledriving.Butthelatestresearchprovidesfurtherconfirmationthatthedangerlieslessinwhatamotorist’shandsdowhenhetakesacallthaninwhattheconversationdoestohisbrain.Evenusinga“hands-free”devicecanimpairadriver’sattentiontoanalarmingextent.

MelinaKunaroftheUniversityofWarwickandToddHorowitzoftheHarvardMedicalSchoolranaseriesofexperimentsinwhichtwogroupsofvolunteershadtopayattentionandrespondtoaseriesofmovingtasksonacomputerscreenthatwerereckonedequivalentindifficultytodriving.Onegroupwasleftundistractedwhiletheotherhadtoengageinaconversationabouttheirhobbiesusingaspeakerphone.AsDr.KunarandDr.HorowitzreportinPsychonomicBulletin&Review,thosewhoweremakingtheequivalentofahands-freecallhadanaveragereactiontime212millisecondsslowerthanthosewhowerenot.That,theycalculate,wouldadd5.7meterstothebrakingdistanceofacartravelingat100kph.Theyfoundthatthegroupusingthehands-freekitmade83percentmoreerrorsintheirtasksthanthosewhowerenottalking.

Dr.KunarandDr.Horowitzalsoexploredtheeffectofsimplylisteningtosomething—suchasaradioprogramme.ForthistheyplayedarecordingofthefirstchapterofBramStoker’s“Dracula.”Eventhoughthetestsubjectsweretoldtopayattentionbecausetheywouldbeaskedquestionsaboutthestoryafterwards,ithadlittleeffectontheirreactiontime.TheresearchledbyFrankDrewsoftheUniversityofUtahsuggeststhesamethingistrueoftheidlechatterofapassenger.Dr.Kunarreckonsthathavingtothinkaboutresponsesduringaphoneconversationcompetesforthebrain’sresourcesinawaythatlisteningtoamonologuedoesnot.

Punishingpeopleforusinghand-heldgadgetswhiledrivingisdifficultenough,eventhoughtheycanbeseenfromoutsidethecar.Stoppingpeoplemakinghands-freecallswouldprobablybeimpossible—especiallybecausemoreandmorevehiclesarenowbeingfittedwiththenecessaryequipmentasstandard.Persuadingpeopletoswitchtheirphonesoffaltogetherwhentheygetbehindthewheelmightbetheonlyanswer.Whoknows,theymightevencometoenjoynothavingtotakecalls.Andthey’llbemorelikelytoarriveinonepiece.

1.InKunarandHorowitz’sexperiments,thesubjectswhoperformedtaskswhiletalking（）.

2.AccordingtoFrankDrews,listeningtoapassengertalking（）.

3.Accordingtothelastparagraph,thelawforbiddingtheuseofhand-heldphoneswhendriving（）.

4.Thebesthopeofstoppingpeoplefromusinghands-freephoneslieswith（）.

5.Thepurposeofthepassageisto（）.

问题1选项

A.reactedmorequickly,butmademoremistakes

B.reactedmorequicklyandmadefewermistakes

C.reactedmoreslowlyandmademoremistakes

D.reactedmoreslowly,butmadefewermistakes

问题2选项

A.affectsdriversmorethanlisteningtoastory

B.affectsdriversmorethanaphoneconversation

C.haslesseffectonthedriversthanlisteningtoastory

D.haslesseffectonthedriversthanaphoneconversation

问题3选项

A.hasbeenfrequentlybroken

B.isnecessaryandfeasible

C.hasbeenstrictlyenforced

D.willarouseheateddebate

问题4选项

A.carmanufacturers

B.lawmakers

C.newtechnology

D.driversthemselves

问题5选项

A.callonlawmakerstomakestrictlawsontheuseofcellphones

B.informpeopleofthedangerofusingcellphoneswhiledriving

C.weighthebenefitsandharmsofusingcellphoneswhendriving

D.offersuggestionsfordriverswhousecellphoneswhiledriving

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.语义推测题。根据第二段第三句thosewhoweremakingtheequivalentofahands-freecallhadanaveragereactiontime212millisecondsslowerthanthosewhowerenot（做了相当于接听免提电话的人跟没有做这个任务的人相比，平均反应时间慢了212毫秒）和第五句groupusingthehands-freekitmade83percentmoreerrorsintheirtasksthanthosewhowerenottalking（使用免提工具的那一组在任务中比那些没有说话的那一组多出83%的错），可知受干扰的那一组反应更慢，错误更多，故C反应更慢，错误更多正确。其他选项不符合题意。因此C选项正确。

2.语义推测题。根据第三段第三句theywouldbeaskedquestionsaboutthestoryafterwards,ithadlittleeffectontheirreactiontime（他们之后会被问到关于这个故事的问题，但这对他们的反应时间几乎没有影响）和第四句TheresearchledbyFrankDrewsoftheUniversityofUtahsuggeststhesamethingistrueoftheidlechatterofapassenger.（这项由犹他大学的弗兰克•德鲁斯领导的研究表明，乘客的闲聊也是如此。），可知听故事和听顾客讲话一样对司机几乎没有影响，A选项“比听故事更影响司机”和C选项“对司机的影响小于听故事”错误。根据第一题，可知电话交谈让司机反应变慢，犯错更多，因此B选项“比电话交谈更影响司机”错误，D选项“对司机影响小于电话交谈”正确。因此D选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据第四段第一句Punishingpeopleforusinghand-heldgadgetswhiledrivingisdifficult（惩罚开车时手握小工具的行为很难），可知不能严格禁止，C选项“被严格执行”错误。根据第二句Stoppingpeoplemakinghands-freecallswouldprobablybeimpossible（不可能阻止人们使用免提电话），可知禁止开车时使用不可行，B选项“必要且可行”错误。根据第三句Persuadingpeopletoswitchtheirphonesoffaltogetherwhentheygetbehindthewheelmightbetheonlyanswer.（劝诫人们在开车时关机也许是唯一的解决之道。），结合全文内容，可知很多人在开车时打电话，法律限制不了，只能劝诫，故A选项“经常被打破”正确。D选项“将引起激烈辩论”没有提到。因此A选项正确。

4.语义推测题。根据第四段第三句Persuadingpeopletoswitchtheirphonesoffaltogetherwhentheygetbehindthewheelmightbetheonlyanswer.（劝诫人们在开车时关机也许是唯一的解决之道。），可知最大希望是D选项“司机自己”，故D选项正确。A选项“汽车制造商”：根据第二句Stoppingpeoplemakinghands-freecallswouldprobablybeimpossible—especiallybecausemoreandmorevehiclesarenowbeingfittedwiththenecessaryequipmentasstandard（不可能阻止人们使用免提电话——尤其是现在越来越多的车辆都配备了必要的标准设备。），可知汽车制造商甚至加剧了问题。B选项“立法者”：法律不能发挥作用。C选项“新技术”：文章没有提到。因此D选项正确。

5.主旨大意题。文章通过各种实验说明不同活动对开车的影响，点出使用手机打电话影响最大，最后一段说唯一能够规避这种情况的就是司机自己，可知本文目的是D选项“为开车时使用手机的司机提供建议”，故D选项正确。A选项“呼吁立法者对手机的使用制定严格的法律”不符合文章观点。B选项“告诉人们开车时使用手机的危险”没有特别提出；C选项“权衡开车时使用手机的好处和坏处”没有讲到好处。因此D选项正确。

3.单选题

Theinterviewisanimportanteventinthejob-huntingprocess,becausethe20or30minutesyouspendwiththeinterviewermaydeterminewhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant.Therefore,itisimportanttorememberthatyourobjectiveduringtheinterviewmaydifferfromtheobjectiveofthepotentialemployer.Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.Itisencouragingtoknowthattheinterviewer’staskisnottoembarrassyouortotripyou,buttohiretherightpersonforthejob.

Remember,jobhuntingisverycompetitive.Anythingyoucandotoenhanceyourinterviewtechniqueswillbetoyouradvantage.Thefollowingsuggestionsmayhelpyoulandthemostimportantjob.

Yourgoalinthisinterviewistomakesureyourgoodpointsgetacross.Theinterviewerwon’tknowthemunlessyoupointthemout,sotrytodothisinafactualandsinceremanner.

Don’tsayanythingbadaboutyourformeremployers.Ifyouhavebeenfiredfromajobandtheinterviewerasksaboutit,befrankinyouranswer.

Showtheinterviewerthatyouareinterestedinthecompanybyaskingrelevantquestions.Askaboutresponsibilities,workingconditions,promotionopportunitiesandfringebenefits（附加福利）ofthejobyouareinterviewingfor.

Ifathomepointyoudecidetheinterviewisnotgoingwell,donotletyourdiscouragementshow.Youhavenothingtolosebycontinuingashowofconfidence,andyoumayhavemuchtogain.Itmaybewell,oritmaybeatesttoseehowyoureacttoadverseconditions.

Someinterviewersmaybringupsalaryearlyintheinterview.Atthistime,youmayindicatethatyouaremoreinterestedinajobwhereyoucanproveyourselfthanaspecificsalary.Thispolitelypassesthequestionbacktotheinterviewer.Iftheinterviewercontinuestopress,givehimarangeorsuggestthegoingrateforaparticularjob.Ifpossible,youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.

1.Togetthejobyouwant,duringtheinterviewyoushould（）.

2.Ifyoudidnotgetalongwithyourformeremployer,you（）.

3.Whenyoufindtheinterviewisnotgoingwellyoushould（）.

4.Thebesttimetodiscussyoursalaryis（）.

5.Themostimportantthingtododuringaninterviewis（）.

问题1选项

A.avoidtheinterviewer’squestionsthataredesignedtotripyou

B.rememberthatyouarethebestqualifiedcandidate

C.makeyourselfstandoutastherightpersonforthejob

D.keepinmindthatitdetermineswhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant

问题2选项

A.shouldtelltheinterviewerfrankly

B.shouldnotspeakillofhim

C.shouldrefertohiminafactualmanner

D.shouldnevermentionit

问题3选项

A.keepupyourconfidence

B.bringittoanendassoonaspossible

C.tellyourinterviewerhowyoureacttoadversecondition

D.tellyourselfyouhavemuchtogainandnothingtolose

问题4选项

A.whenyouhavebeenofferedthejob

B.attheendoftheinterview

C.afteryouhavecompletedthepaperwork

D.whentheinterviewerbringsthismatterup

问题5选项

A.tomakeyourstrengthsunderstood

B.toshowyourintenseinterestinthejobyouareapplyingfor

C.tobefrankandsincere

D.tobenaturalandconfident

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.（你想让自己作为一个完整的人脱颖而出，这个人有自己的优点，很有资格，应该被认为是这份工作的合适人选）。可知在面试中，如果你想得到想要的工作，应该让自己作为工作的合适人员凸显出来。因此C选项“让你自己脱颖而出，成为这份工作的合适人选”正确。A选项在第一段Itisencouragingtoknowthattheinterviewer’staskisnottoembarrassyouortotripyou（面试者的任务不是让你尴尬或绊倒你），因此可以得知面试者并不会给你使绊子，A选项错误；B选项不正确，原文并没有说过这个，只是说要保持自信；D选项在第一段的第一句话有提到Theinterviewisanimportanteventinthejob-huntingprocess,becausethe20or30minutesyouspendwiththeinterviewermaydeterminewhetherornotyougettheparticularjobyouwant.（面试在找工作过程中是很重要的一件事，因为你与面试官待上的二三十分钟可能会决定你是否能得到你想要的工作。）但是这并不是作者认为被面试者应该铭记的事，因此D不正确。

2.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第四段Don’tsayanythingbadaboutyourformeremployers.（不要说前老板的坏话。）可以得知如果和前老板相处的不好，也不要说他的坏话，因此B选项“不应该说他的坏话”正确。A选项是在第四段Ifyouhavebeenfiredfromajobandtheinterviewerasksaboutit,befrankinyouranswer.（如果你被解雇了，面试官问起这个问题，你要坦率地回答。）说的是如果被解雇了，则要坦率回答，和题干不符合，因此排除；C、D都并未提及，排除。

3.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第六段Ifatsomepointyoudecidetheinterviewisnotgoingwell,donotletyourdiscouragementshow.Youhavenothingtolosebycontinuingashowofconfidence,andyoumayhavemuchtogain.（如果在某个时刻你觉得面试不顺利，不要表现出你的沮丧。继续表现出自信，你不会有什么损失，你可能会有很多收获。）因此A选项“保持你的信心”正确。B、D虽然原文都有提及，但不是本题的信息点，因此排除；C选项在第六段Itmaybewell,oritmaybeatesttoseehowyoureacttoadverseconditions.（它可能是好的，也可能是测试你对不利条件的反应。）这只是一个推测，并且与如何在表现不好时做出回应不相关，排除。

4.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到最后一段Ifpossible,youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.（如果可能的话，你应该在得到一份工作之后，在你准备好去完成相关文件之后，再去谈工资问题。）可以看出，作者认为最好的谈薪水的时间应该是在你已经收到了工作邀请之后，因此A选项“当你得到这份工作的时候”正确。B选项未提及，无关项排除；C选项在最后一段youshouldnegotiateforsalaryafteryouhavebeenofferedajobandwhenyouarereadytocompletethepaperwork.（你应该在得到一份工作之后，在你准备好去完成相关文件之后，再去谈工资问题。）原文是说“准备好去完成相关文件”，而不是完成了文件，因此C选项错误，排除；D选项在最后一段Someinterviewersmaybringupsalaryearlyintheinterview.Atthistime,youmayindicatethatyouaremoreinterestedinajobwhereyoucanproveyourselfthanaspecificsalary（有些面试官可能会在面试一开始就提出薪水问题。此时，你可以暗示与具体的薪水相比你更感兴趣的是一份可以证明你自己的工作），从这里得知作者并不支持一开始就直接谈薪水，因此D错误，排除。

5.事实细节题。定位到第一段Youwanttomakeyourselfstandoutasawholepersonwhohaspersonalstrengths,iswellqualified,andshouldbeconsideredtherightpersonforthejob.（你想让自己作为一个完整的人脱颖而出，这个人有自己的优点，很有资格，应该被认为是这份工作的合适人选。）以及第三段Yourgoalinthisinterviewistomakesureyourgoodpointsgetacross.Theinterviewerwon’tknowthemunlessyoupointthemout,sotrytodothisinafactualandsinceremanner.（在这次面试中，你的目标是确保别人能理解你的优点。除非你指出来，否则面试官是不会知道的，所以你要尽量以事实和真诚的方式来表达。）通过这两处可以看出，最重要的就是要让自己的能力被理解、被面试官接收到，因此A选项“让别人了解你的长处”正确。其余的B、C、D都是无关项，不符合题意。

4.填空题

Reconstructionmeansbroadlyforusreformulateandrefocusing

ontiesbetweenparticularpracticesandtheoriesofprosefictionandthefactsoflife,thatis,historical,biographical,andtextualfactsaboutauthors,readers,critics,andtheirworksandworlds.Criticalreconstructioncanevenshowhowpreviousfictionshavehelpedtocallintobesubsequentrealitiesandsubjectivities.Buttheprojectof

reconstructionmustbepluralandtextuallyspecific,ifitisnottobereductiveand,fromourlatetwentieth-centuryroller-coasterperspectivetohistory,toturnquicklyintoold-hattotalizing.Thereare

myriadwaysforcriticstoreconstructarelationshipbetweenatextandsomeaspectofreality.Letahundredbloomsflower.Thisbook,asawholeandinitsparts,featurestheinterplayoffictionsthan“therealworld,”butitexploresandexpandsideasofwhat

fictionandrealitymightbe.Indiscussionsofparticulartexts,itraises

andaddressessuchquestions,bothtimeandperennial,asthese:How

doesfictionworktorepresentandcommunicatetruthabouttheworld?Whatistheconnectionbetweenperceivedhistoricalrealityandtheformoflanguageinwhichanovelisnarrated?Howdoeswritingmediatethetensionsbetweenpublicandprivatelife,andwhatdoes

fictiontodowithformulatingtheveryconceptofsuchasplit?Whatisitexactlythatpeopleofagiventimewantandgetfromaparticularnovel?Howdoesanovelist’slifegiveformtoanovel?Howarereality,thenovel,knowledge,andthepracticeandformoffictionknownasrealismrelating,andwhatmightrealismmeannowasmoderncritics

reconstructideasaboutit?Howdoesacriticaltheoristofliteraturemovetopoliticaltheory?Howdotheeffectsofwriting“travel,”bothgeographicallyandintime?And,mostsignificantlyforus,whatcontinuestomatteraboutsomeparticularworkorworks?AllthesearequestionsIanWatt’sworkhasfloatedforusandhelpedbringintofocus.WattintegratedtheskillsandvirtuesofNewCriticism’sclosereadingswithconcernforsuchhistoricalfactorsaseconomicchange,

classandgenderdeterminants,thedynamicnatureofareadingpublic,culturalandphilosophicinfluences,socialpsychology,shitsinsignifyingpractices,andtheoriesofnarrativethathadbeenmissing,lost,orslightinginmuchinfluentialpostwarliterarycriticism.His

boldnessintakingthestudyofliteratureinitiallybeyondpuretextualanalysisintorealmsofsociology,ideology,andculturalrelations,andthenbackintoindividualnovelsforricherandmorecomplexreadingswasabrilliantaccomplishmentthatbroadenedextendingtherangeof

literaryscholarship.Heopenedupfieldsforscholarsofallbents—fieldsconsisting,tobesure,ofturftofightabout.Hisinterdisciplinarymethodwasinstrumentalinhelpingtobringabouttheinteractionofmanycriticalpracticesandpositionsthatcontinuestopreoccupycritics.

1.______

2.______

3.______

4.______

5.______

6.______

7.______

8.______

9.______

10.______

【答案】1.【答案】reformulate改为reformulating

2.【答案】callintobe去掉be

3.【答案】perspectiveto改为perspectiveof

4.【答案】but改为and

5.【答案】asthese改为suchas

6.【答案】does改为has

7.【答案】relating改为related

8.【答案】economicchange改为economicchanges

9.【答案】lost改成losing

10.【答案】broadenedextending去掉extending

【解析】1.【解题思路】由and后面的现在分词refocusing（重新关注）可知，reformulate（再用形式表示）与refocusing并列，所以reformulate也应是现在分词形式。故reformulate应改成reformulating。

2.【解题思路】callinto是常用词组，表示“唤起”，后面可以直接跟名词，不用加be，所以把be去掉。

3.【解题思路】perspectiveof（……的角度）是固定用法，不能和to搭配，所以把to改为of。

4.【解题思路】这句句意是“这本书，作为一个整体和它的部分，特点是小说的相互作用，而不是现实世界，它探索和扩展了虚构和现实可能是什么的想法”，可知前后为并列关系，而不是转折关系，所以把but改为and。

5.【解题思路】这句句意是“在对特定文本的讨论中，它提出并解决了这样的问题，既有时间上的，也有长期存在的”，然后下文列举了一些问题，而asthese没有表示“举例”的用法，所以要把asthese改为suchas。

6.【解题思路】has/havetodowith是固定搭配，表示“与……有关”，而fiction是单数，所以要把does改为has。

7.【解题思路】这句句意是“现实、小说、知识、小说的实践和形式是如何被称为现实主义相关的”，表示“与……相关的”要用relate的过去分词形式related，所以要把relating改为related。

8.【解题思路】suchas（例如）表示举例，economicchange（经济变化）和classandgenderdeterminants（阶级和性别决定因素）以及后面的名词短语都是并列的成分，所以统一都用复数形式，故把change改为changes。

9.【解题思路】lost和missing、slighting一样都是并列动词，hadbeendoing表示“过去一直在做的事情”，所以要把lost改为losing。

10.【解题思路】broaden和extend都是动词，都表示“扩大，扩展”，这里broaden是定语从句中的谓语动词，避免语义重复，要把extending去掉。

5.单选题

Complacencyhasledtosomeappallingecological（

）.

问题1选项

A.damages

B.tragedies

C.catastrophes

D.dangers

【答案】C

【解析】查名词辨析。damage意为“损害、毁坏”等时，是不可数名词，意为“价钱、费用”时，是可数名词，意为“赔偿费”时，必须用其复数形式。tragedy意为“悲剧，惨剧”；catastrophe意为“灾难，灾祸”；danger意为“危险”，泛指“危险”时，danger是不可数名词,指具体的“危险、危险物、可能造成损伤、疼痛等的人”时，是可数名词。

句意：自满导致了一些可怕的生态灾难。

6.单选题

Thegovernment（

）aheavytaxontobacco,whicharousedoppositionfromthetobaccoindustry.

问题1选项

A.pronounced

B.imposed

C.complied

D.prescribed

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项pronounced“发音，断言”；B选项imposed“欺骗，把……强加于”；C选项complied“遵照”；D选项prescribed“开（药）”。句意：政府向烟草（）重税，这引起了烟草行业的不满。这里的词义是要填征收（税），所以答案选B，固定搭配imposetax“征税”。

7.单选题

Mr.Mortongradually（

）theknowledgeofthesubject.

问题1选项

A.attained

B.required

C.acquired

D.enquired

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项attain“达到，实现”；B选项require“要求”；C选项acquire“获得，学到”；D选项enquire“询问”。句意：Morton先生渐渐掌握了这门课程的知识。选项C更符合语境。

8.单选题

Youwillhavetoworkhardto（

）

thetimeyoulost.

问题1选项

A.makeuseof

B.makeupfor

C.makewayof

D.makeroomfor

【答案】B

【解析】makeuseof利用；makeupfor弥补,补偿；makewayfor让路,为...开路；makeroomfor为...腾出空位。句意:你必须努力工作来弥补你失去的时间。选项B符合句意。

9.问答题

Directions:Thispanconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,onemeachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeawordaword,ordelete