万炜课程-课堂笔记

Day机：万炜：G神团个人邮箱,成绩站 GRE详yticWriting:30min*2,06分，avg2.9yzeanIssueyzean(tativeReasoning,VerbalReasoning)130–170有效Section2Q,2V,有一个加试，无法判断是哪个QVQVQorVQVQVSection1, 单空1,单空3 双空3,(4,双空 三空(4,5),三空7 短阅7,短阅9 长阅9–长阅读（中13–16六选 12– 六选 短阅读（逻辑单题 逻辑单18– 长阅读（中 17, 短阅19, 短阅GRE:section-adaptive每一道题的难度系数区间：1第一个Section难度系数总和区间：68–SectionI错 难 错分22596当第一个Section错5个（含）以内时，第二个Section难度最高；当第一SectionI错 难 错分22596理工完美分正常分保底分43QV普通文完美分正常分保底分4QV网盘资源词汇长难GMAT_GRE_LSAT阅读大全高频GRE阅读机经40套Issue,Argument全题库分析，高频题目列表，范阅读方法文章开始判断对象：一个对象or两个对象的关系随时留意有没有出现观点和态度：作者的or的随时注意句内/句间的逻辑关系A.同义转述：站队（同一队伍因果：不需要理解因果关系为什么成立，只需要记“因果举例：不需要理解例子的特点，只需要记“抽象观点类比：不需要理解类比的特点，只需要记“原始对象←比对象B.a.让步：不需要理解让步的意义，只需要记“【让b.对比：站队（不同队伍c.转折：放慢阅读速度，必须理解转折点在哪儿，如果转折做题思路千万所有题目当作事实信息题做，不要动不动回头找，更不看题干→能不能不回读→题干能否定位→选项能否定PassageIamverystressfulrecently,working hourseveryday.万炜的心灵虽然很美，但是他的长相 惨不忍万炜的心灵虽然已经很美了，但没想到他的长相竟 。更创造力：Translimit,estab原exploit,≠↑NewNewNew↑e.g.莎，pheno:↑e.gC, 【让】art:偶尔trans←e.g【转】trans≠艺术↑ √ Passage7：JW→AApoetry 形 AApoetry← ↑Passage12XdoesnotdoY ngIdidnotenterHarvardbycheating.Brandasevilwhateverdiffersfrom↑Brandwhateverdiffersfromgoodasv.+prep.+b+a←v.+a+prep.+Scientistsinsertintothechromosomediscretegenes ↑Scientistsinsertdiscretegenes intothe对象：comic ↓ ~social←e.g.de,cp,↑【让】trygods god,demon感性、理1800ThomasDilworth’sNewGuidetotheEnglishDialoguewasbeingwidelyusedtoteachreadingintheUnitedStates.Dilworth'sprimer,unlikeearlierones,stressedtheimportanceofchildren’sunderstandingwhattheyread.WhileitisinfactunlikelythatchildrenwouldhaverecognizedallthevocabularyDilworthused,thatwasatleasthisstatedgoal.Dilworthrecognizedthatprimersshouldenablechildrentodecodewordsfromprintwiththeformoflanguagetheyalreadyknew:speech.Incontrast,manyearlierauthorsassumedthat,justasintroductoryLatintextstaughtchildrenanunknownlanguage,introductoryEnglishtextsshouldteachEnglishasifit,too,wereanunknownlanguage—suchtheiresotericchoiceofvocabulary,itineffectbecameunknown.Accordingtothepassage,the“earlierauthors”adoptedaforEnglishinstructionmirroredthepracticeusedinLatinwasoriginallyformulatedbywaslessesotericthanthatadoptedbystressedfamiliaritywiththepeculiaritiesofEnglishemphasizedtheimportanceoffluentandarticulateTheauthorofthepassagewouldprobablyagreewithwhichofthefollowingcriticismsofEnglishprimerspredatingDilworth’s?TheirLatinategrammaticaltermspoorlydescribedthestructuresofEnglish.Theyfailedtomakeeffectiveuseoftheknowledgeoflanguageachildalreadypossessed.Theirtextstypicallyfocusedonsubjectmatterthatheldlittleintrinsicinterestfortheirreaders.TheyneglectedtoteachthelanguageinasufficientlysystematicTheyrequired dagogicalmethodthatfewAmericanteachersoftheerapossessed.PassageEclectic:折衷的（不ThisbookiseclecticinthatitselecteditssourcesfromRussia,Canada,China,AmericaandevenmanyAfricancountries.兼容并包、兼收并蓄Selectingfromvarious“”：irony,paradox,contradiction, ,dichotomy,dilemma,Creditsb.withsth.=attributesth.tosb.TakethecreditGivesb.the类比题Concrete→Principle→对象：LH梦 Irony: ↓Critics:、、↑e.g.:【转】：LH<DB&FNPassageKilledbyherhusband,shediedatof50.Sheisthewomankilledbyherhusband.Shun,Indispensable,irreplaceableIeatalot,soIamIeatalot,thusIamfat.（×）→Ieatalot.ThusIamfat./Ieatalot,andthusIamfat.Ieatalot,thereforeIamfat.（×）Ieatalot,henceIamfat.（×）Ieatalot,butIamthin.（√）Ieatalot,yetIamthin.（√）Ieatalot,however,IamIeatalot,nonetheless,IamAlthoughIeatalot,IamDespiteIeatalot,Iamthin.（×）→DespitethefactthatIeatalot,Iamthin.（√）Ieatalot.Iamthin,however,andInevergainmuch对象：IDID:writing→lyric 传统←e.g.芭~chara,~叙事, chara,叙事,Internal bodyNatural acrobat夸↑对音乐 流行观~visual,~诠 visual,诠【转】不想用挂PassageCliché(n.),platitude(n.),hackneyed对象：AA人 作 意义&功文化连续性不←origin文化连续性意义&功能借tales:~不加选择tales意义&功能借tales不←origin注意事项一旦遇到转折不合理，应该将其背后的假设挖PassageThebookonthistableismoreinterestingthanthatontheotherIfAistrue,thenBisItcanbeinferredfromthepassageAB~B→虚拟语气：subjunctivecounterfactualconditionalHadAbeentrue,Bwouldhavebeentrue.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassageAB~B→万炜最近很生气，有人说是因为他觉得他的老婆出轨了，那天他不可能和那个人出轨，因为那个人其实是gay蜜，对女人一点想，因为他早就知道那个人其实是gay蜜，对女人一点性趣都FWM:法文→历【转】不研究民↑FWM:民法【转】刑法也难（【转】研究刑法不研究民↑史：人和民法不打交道（×）不需要研究民法【转 e.g.A,B,C…Passage15I you,(even)ifnotloveyou. Most,(even)ifnotall,ofyouarequiet.Few,(even)ifany,ofyouarefromRecalcitrant,intractable,intransigent,obstinate,stubborn,adamant-限制性vs.非限制性定语从Cats,whichclimbtreesarehuman’sfriends.并Catswhichclimbtreesarehuman’sfriends.条Critics认为2反1,whichismoreCritics认为2反+1ismoreThestupidAmericansoftenassumethatChina,whichisalreadyquiteharmonious,isstillachaoticsociety.男whoare帅aremy男whoare帅aremy对象：EBCritics:2<reverse 【转】(12)←复↑e.g.N,【让】复杂不→AANC~ AANC>(1+【转】复杂→(1【转】(12)× Stiffen（【让】×）r元素(12)~HPassage16归谬法reductionad假设CC→D（虚拟语气So,Unsustainable,untenable,unobtainableThetheorydoesnotsustain/obtain/hold.研：sleep不→↑研：~REMsleep正常生研：(sleep→记)→(~REMsleep~记【转】~测，测的和睡眠无关，REMsleep≠【转】研：过夜后记时间流逝(excludeapossible研：过夜后记↑不【转 Studies:【让】有些记和sleep无【转】sleep→PassageP↓C证明C不可靠的方式P不Ephemeral,transient,transitory,evanescent,fleeting,temporary/mercurial,volatile/whimsical,capricious,erratic–perpetual,permanent,everlasting,enduring Aristocracy,Plutocracy,Oligarchy,DemocracyOverturn,Challenge,question,作者态度：qualified/modified/limited对象：P的研 P←Fluid,, ~Fluid,~,【让】examplestats（√）→【让】rich:工【转】富二经济没毁rich，毁poor【让】observe:【转 JA:~,class-ridden,作业ThisisnottodenythattheBlackgospelmusicoftheearlytwentiethcenturydifferedinimportantwaysfromtheslavespirituals.Whereasspiritualswerecreatedanddisseminatedinfolkfashion,gospelmusicwascomposed,published,copyrighted,andsoldbyprofessionals.Nevertheless,improvisationremainedcentraltogospelmusic.OnehasonlytolistentotherecordedrepertoireofgospelsongstorealizethatBlackgospelsingersrarelysangasongpreciselythesamewaytwiceandneveraccordingtoitsexactmusicalnotation.Theyperformedwhatjazzmusicianscall“headarrangements”proceedingfromtheirownfeelingsandfromtheway“thespirit”movedthematthetime.Thisimprovisatoryelementreflectedinthemannerinwhichgospelmusicwaspublished.BlackgospelcomposersscoredthemusicintendedforWhitesinging paniment,butthemusicproducedforBlacksingersincludedonlyavocallineand ApublishedversionofagospelsongproducedforusebyBlackAgospelsongbasedonaslaveAmusicalscoresharedbyagospelsingerandajazzAninformallywrittencompositionintendedforusebyagospelAnimprovisedperformanceinspiredbythesinger’sTheauthormentions“folkfashion”mostlikelyinordercounteranassertionabouttheroleofimprovisationinmusiccreatedbyBlackpeoplecompareearlygospelmusicwithgospelmusicwrittenlaterinthetwentiethcenturymakeadistinctionbetweengospelmusicandslaveintroduceadiscussionaboutthedisseminationofslavedescribeasimilaritybetweengospelmusicandslaveThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutBlackgospelmusicandslavespirituals?BothbecamewidelyknownintheearlytwentiethBothhadanimportantimprovisatoryBothwerefrequentlyperformedbyjazz BothweredisseminatedchieflybyBlacksinging yprecededthepassage?Fewcomposersofgospelmusicdrewontraditionssuchasthespiritualincreatingtheirsongs.SpiritualsandBlackgospelmusicwerederivedfromthesamemusicaltradition.Thecreationandsingingofspirituals,practicedbyBlackAmericansbeforetheCivilWar,continuedafterthewar.SpiritualsandgospelmusiccanbeclearlydistinguishedfromoneImprovisationwasoneoftheprimarycharacteristicsofthegospelmusiccreatedbyBlackmusicians.WhereasWhile让步，对Thisisnottodeny/say的功能：qualify/modifyanearlierstatement/limitthescopeofanearlierstatement【让】BG≠【转】BG:即↑Listen不重唱，不靠Feel,Spirit~Jazz:↑白：全vs.黑：OnereasonresearchershavelongbelievedthatMarsneverenjoyedanextensiveperiodofwarmandwetclimateisthatmuchofthesurfacenotcoveredbywind-bornedustappeartobecomposedofunweatheredmaterial.Ifwaterflowedforanperiod,researchersreasoned,itshouldhavealteredandweatheredthevolcanicminerals,creatingclaysorotheroxidized,hydratedphases(mineralsthatincorporatewatermoleculesintheircrystalItturnsout,though,thatthescientistswerenotlookingcloselyenough.Newhigh-resolutionmapdataandclose-upsurfacestudieshaverevealedclaysandotherhydratedmineralsinmanyregions.Theclaydepositsarescatteredallover,inancientvolcanicsurfacesandheavilycrateredhighlandregions,someofwhichhaveapparentlybeenexposedbyerosiononlyrecently.Accordingtothepassage,scientistsareabletodiscoverweatheredmaterialontheMartiansurfacebecausetheyhavebenefitedfromwhichofthefollowing?AnewmethodtoyzevolcaniccraterscreatedontheMartianAnimprovedabilitytodetecthydratedmaterialsontheMartianAmoresophisticatedunderstandingoftheeffectofwind-bornedustontheMartiansurfaceD.AdecisiontolookforwaterprimarilyinheavilycrateredhighlandE.AbetterunderstandingofhowerosionmightaffectclayConsidereachofthechoicesseparayandselectallthatItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthorwouldagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthereasoningdiscussedinthehighlightedsentence?ItprovidesthebasisforanexplanationofwhywateronMarshasbeendifficulttofinduntilrecently.ItcorrectlyidentifiesaconsequenceofwaterflowingontheMartiansurface.ItdependsonafalseassumptionabouthowwaterandvolcanicmaterialsinteractonMars.必须掌握的5种推理~~p=p→qSo,p→So,~pp→So,~q→p→qq→rSo,p→研：Mars~warm~wet←表↑研：wet→↑e.g.c,o,【转】研：瞎新科技→c,h（到处有SomearchaeologistsspeculatethattheAmericasmighthavebeeninitiallycolonizedbetween40,000and25,000yearsago.However,tosupportthistheoryitisnecessarytoexplaintheabsenceofgenerallyacceptedhabitationsitesforthattimeintervalinwhatisnowtheUnitedStates.Australia,whichhasasmallerlandareathantheUnitedStates,hasmanysuchsites,supportingthegenerallyacceptedclaimthatthecontinentwascolonizedbyhumansatleast40,000yearsago.Australiaislessdenselypopulated(resultinginlowerchancesofdiscoveringsites)andwithitsoverallgreaterwouldhavepresentedconditionslessfavorableforhunter-gathereroccupation.Proportionally,atleastasmuchlandareahasbeenlostfromthecoastalregionsofAustraliabecauseofpostglacialsea-levelriseasintheUnitedStates,soanycoastalarchaeologicalrecordinAustraliashouldhavebeendepletedaboutasmuchasacoastalrecordintheUnitedStates.Sincetherearesomanyresource-richriversleadinginlandfromtheUnitedStatescoastlines,itseemsimplausiblethatagrowingpopulationofhumanswouldhaveconfineditselftocoastsforthousandsofyears.Ifinhabitantswerepresent25,000yearsago,thechancesoftheirappearinginthearchaeologicalrecordwouldseemtobegreaterthanforAustralia.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith ngwhichofthepresentinganobjectiontoaaccountingforanapparent ternativeCorrectingaparticularQuestioningthevalidityofaTheauthorofthepassageimplieswhichofthefollowingabout25,000yearsago?ThecoastlineoftheregionthatisnowtheUnitedStatesislongerthanitwas40,000yearsago.RiversinwhatisnowtheUnitedStateswerenumerousthantheyarenow.AustraliawaslessdenselypopulatedatthattimethanwastheregionthatisnowtheUnitedStates.Australia’sclimatewassignificantlydrierthanitisGlobalsealevelwaslowerthanitisTheauthorofthepassageimpliesthat,inwhatisnowtheUnitedStates,archaeologicalevidenceofinhabitationintheperiodfrom40,000to25,000yearsagoislackingbecausethatregionishaditsoldesthabitationsitesinundatedfollowingapostglacialriseinsealevelhasmanyresource-richriversthatfacilitatedthedispersalofearlyinhabitantsfromaninitialconcentrationincoastalareaswassparselypopulateduntilabout25,000yearswascolonizedlessthan25,000yearswasinhabitedonlybyhunter-gatherersuntil25,000yearsSpeculation=考古：美4w-2.5w被【转 找不到遗迹澳：有遗迹→4w被占面积：澳<美密度：澳<美→找到遗迹%：澳<美干旱：澳>美→宜居：澳<美被淹：澳≈美→遗迹丢失：美：内陆河流资源丰富~只住海↓4w-2.5w被占→美：该有遗（~没有遗迹（所以，美不是4w-2.5w被占AMarxistsociologisthasarguedthatracismstemsfromtheclassstrugglethatisuniquetothecapitalistsystem—thatracialprejudiceisgeneratedbycapitalistsasameansofcontrollingworkers.HisthesisworksrelativelywellwhenappliedtodiscriminationagainstBlacksintheUnitedStates,buthisdefinitionofracialprejudiceas“racially-basednegativeprejudgmentsagainstagroupgenerallyacceptedasaraceinanygivenregionofethniccompetition,”canbeinterpretedasalsoincludinghostilitytowardsuchethnicgroupsastheChineseinCaliforniaandtheJewsinmedievalEurope.However,sinceprejudiceagainsttheselatterpeopleswasnotinspiredbycapitalists,hehastoreasonthatsuchantagonismswerenotreallybasedonrace.Hedisposesthusly(albeitunconvincingly)ofboththeintolerancefacedbyJewsbeforetheriseofcapitalismandtheearlytwentieth-centurydiscriminationagainstOrientalpeopleinCalifornia,which,inconveniently,wasinstigatedbyThepassagesinformationthatwouldanswerwhichofthefollowingquestions?WhataccountsfortheprejudiceagainsttheJewsinmedievalWhatconditionscausedthediscriminationagainstOrientalpeopleinCaliforniaintheearlytwentiethcentury?WhichgroupsarenotinethniccompetitionwitheachotherintheUnitedStates?WhatexplanationdidtheMarxistsociologistgivefortheexistenceofracialprejudice?WhatevidencedidtheMarxistsociologistprovidetosupporthisTheauthorconsiderstheMarxistsociologist’sthesisaboutoriginsofracialprejudicetoItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheMarxistsociologistwouldarguethatinanoncapitalistsocietyracialprejudicewouldbeAccordingtothepassage,theMarxistsociologist’schainofreasoningrequiredhimtoassertthatprejudicetowardOrientalpeopleinCaliforniawasdirectedprimarilyagainstthesimilarinorigintoprejudiceagainsttheunderstoodbyOrientalpeopleasethnicprovokedbynonracialincharacterOriginal–DerivativeM:控工←r←cs←黑：√【转】DEFP犹P【转】PP中不←↓MP犹P中不（）→ 工作业Biologistsknowthatsomemarinealgaecancreatecloudsbyproducingthegasdimethylsulphide(DMS),whichreactswithoxygeninairabovetheseatoformsolidparticles.Theseparticlesprovideasurfaceonwhichwatervaporcancondensetoformclouds.Lovelockcontendsthatthisprocessispartofglobalclimatic-controlsystem.AccordingtoLovelock,Earthactslikeasuperanism,withallitsbiologicalandphysicalsystemscooperatingtokeepitHehypothesizedthatwarmerconditionsincreasealgalactivityandDMSoutput,seedingmoreclouds,whichcooltheplanetbyblockingouttheSun.Then,astheclimatecools,algalactivityandDMSleveldecreaseandthecyclecontinues.Inresponsetobiologistswhoquestionhowanismspresumablyworkingfortheirownselfishendscouldhaveevolvedtobehaveinawaythatbenefitsnotonlytheplanetbuttheanismsaswell,coolingbenefitsthealgae,whichremainattheoceansurface,becauseitallowsthecooledupperlayersoftheoceantosink,andthenthecirculatingwatercarriesnutrientsupwardfromthedepthsbelow.AlgaemayalsobenefitfromnitrogenrainingdownfromcloudstheyhavehelpedtoAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingoccursasaresultofcoolingintheupperlayersoftheocean?Theconcentrationofoxygenintheairabovetheocean’sTheconcentrationofDMSintheairabovetheocean’sThenutrientsupplyatthesurfaceoftheoceanisCloudformationincreasesovertheMarinealgaemakemoreefficientuseofWhichofthefollowingismostsimilartotheroleplayedbymarinealgaeintheglobalclimatecontrolsystemproposedbyLovelock?Afanthatcontinuallyreplacesstaleairinaroomwithfreshairfromoutside.Athermostatthatautomaticallycontrolsanair-conditioningAninsulatingblanketthatretainsAfilterusedtopurifyAdehumidifierthatconstantlyremovesmoisturefromtheairinaroom.Thepassagementionsthepossiblebenefittoalgaeofnitrogenfallingdownintherainmostlikelyinorderto mentionedintheSuggestthattheclimaticeffectsofDMSproductionhavebeenAcknowledgethatLovelock’shypothesisisbasedinpartDemonstratethatDMSproductionalterstheplanetinmorethanoneway.AssertthatalgaearethesolebeneficiariesofDMS藻→+→颗 +→云 GlobalT↑→藻DMS↑→云【转】生：服务地球服务自身【转】LL:T表水↓→营养↑云→N2↓ysisofprehistoricairtrappedintinybubblesbeneaththepolaricesheetsandofthecompositionoficesurroundingthosebubblessuggestsacorrelationbetweencarbondioxidelevelsintheEarth’satmosphereandglobaltemperatureoverthelast160,000years.Estimatesofglobaltemperatureatthetime(airinthebubbleswastrapped)relyonmeasuringtherelativeabundancesofhydrogenanditsheavierisotope,deuterium,intheicesurroundingthebubbles.Whenglobaltemperaturesarerelativelylow,watercontainingdeuteriumtendstocondenseandprecipitatereachingthepoles;thus,icedepositedatthepoleswhentheglobaltemperaturewascoolercontainedrelativelylessdeuteriumthanicedepositedatwarmerglobaltemperatures.Estimatesofglobaltemperaturebasedonthisinformation,combinedwithysisofthecarbondioxidecontentofairtrappedinicedeepbeneaththepolarsurface,suggestthatduringperiodsofpostglacialwarmingcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmosphereincreasedbyapproximay40percent.Inthepassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwithngwhichofthefollowing?Describinganewmethodofestimatingdecreasesinglobaltemperaturethathaveoccurredoverthelast160,000yearsDescribingamethodofysisthatprovidesinformationregardingtherelationbetweenthecarbondioxidecontentoftheEarth’satmosphereandglobaltemperaturePresentinginformationthatsuggeststhatglobaltemperaturehasincreasedoverthelast160,000yearsDescribingthekindsofinformationthatcanbegleanedfromacarefulysisofthecontentsofsheetsDemonstratingthedifficultyofarrivingatafirmconclusionregardinghowincreasesintheamountofcarbondioxideinEarth’satmosphereaffectglobalItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatduringperiodsofpostglacialwarming,whichofthefollowingoccurred?Thetotalvolumeofairtrappedinbubblesbeneaththepolaricesheetsincreased.TheamountofdeuteriuminicedepositedatthepolesCarbondioxidelevelsintheEarthatmosphereTheamountofhydrogenintheEarth’satmosphererelativelytheamountofTherateatwhichicewasdepositedatthepolesTheauthorstatesthatthereisevidencetosupportwhichofthefollowingassertions?Estimatesofglobaltemperaturethatrelyonmeasurementsofdeuteriuminicedepositedatthepolesaremorereliablethanthosebasedontheamountofcarbondioxidecontainedinairbubblesbeneaththepolarsurface.TheamountofdeuteriumintheEarth’satmospheretendsincreaseasglobaltemperaturePeriodsofpostglacialwarmingarecharacterizedbytheofincreasedlevelsofcarbondioxideintheEarth’sIncreasesinglobaltemperatureoverthelast160,000yearsarelargelytheresultofincreasesintheratioofdeuteriumtohydrogenintheEarth’satmosphere.Increasesinglobaltemperatureoverthelast160,000yearshave paniedbydecreasesintheamountofdeuteriumintheicedepositedatthepoles.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheconclusionstatedinthelastsentencewouldneedtobereevaluatedifscientistsdiscoveredthatwhichofthefollowingweretrue?Theamountofdeuteriuminicedepositedonthepolarsurfaceissignificantlygreaterthantheamountofdeuteriuminicelocateddeepbeneaththepolarsurface.Boththeairbubblestrappeddeepbeneaththepolarsurfaceandtheicesurroundingthemcontainrelativelylowlevelsofdeuterium.Airbubblestrappeddeepbeneaththepolarsurfaceandcontainingrelativelyhighlevelsofcarbondioxidearesurroundedbyicethatcontainedrelativelylowlevelsofdeuterium.ThecurrentlevelofcarbondioxideintheEarth’satmosphereexceedsthelevelofcarbondioxideintheprehistoricairtrappedbeneaththepolarsurface.IncreasesinthelevelofcarbondioxideintheEarth’s paniedbyincreasesintheamountofdeuteriumintheicedepositedatthepoles.Air+CO2~TT← T↓→D水凝结→ CO2↑CO2←阅读削弱题明显–Whichofthefollowingwouldweaken原文中的某个观不明显–~Cwouldhappen,ifwhichofthefollowingistrue?（原文说的是C）P↓C后在这个前提上挑刺。而且，假如某个选项是对的，原文一定说是这个选项的Passage（SM→亚表面）→（SM→油↑安排wt源成grid→起动wt→wt↓(v←e)→穿石→e变↑d→反弹→记录→修正→结合→亚表面→↑e.gpd,其它wt,多反Day逻辑单两种常见的文章类型Paradox（悖论）：万炜长得特别帅，但是他却从来都没有过女朋AnargumentisasetofstatementsinwhichoneofthestatementsissupportedbytheThesupportedstatementiscalledtheConclusion.ThesupportingstatementsarecalledthePremises.↓你这么晚都没睡，明天你肯定会头疼。（是论证这次我考得很糟糕，一定是因为老师讲错了。（是论证一、Boldface黑体字功能↓Sub-↓Premise:support,evidence,ground,Sub-conclusion:intermediary-Conclusion:view,opinion,(suggestion, advice,prediction,explanation,hypothesis,theory)韩巍认为万炜长得很帅，理由是他觉得万炜走在的回头率很高。因为他帅，而是因为。一个一米八的大汉，走在马路中间，穿Intheargumentgiven,thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles? statesthereasonbehindaclaimthespeakerseekstorefute;thesecondisthespeaker’sposition.AtacertainperiodinEarth’shistory,itsatmospherecontainedalmostnooxygen,althoughplantswereproducingvasttiesofoxygen.Asawayofreconcilingthesetwofacts,scientistshavehypothesizedthatnearlyalloftheoxygenbeingproducedwastakenupbyirononEarth’ssurface.Clearly,however,thisexplanationisinadequate.NewstudiesshowthattheamountofirononEarth’ssurfacewasnotsufficienttoabsorbanywherenearasmuchoxygenaswasbeingproduced.Therefore,somethinginadditiontotheirononEarth’ssurfacemusthaveabsorbedmuchoftheoxygenproducedbyplantlife.Intheargumentgiven,thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles? isaclaimmadebytheargumentinsupportofacertainposition;thesecondisthatposition. isajudgmentmadebytheargumentaboutacertainexplanation;thesecondisthatexplanation. expressestheargument’sdismissalofanobjectiontopositionitseekstoestablish;thesecondisthat sumsuptheargument’spositionwithregardtoahypothesis;thesecondprovidesgroundsforthatTheisaconcessionbytheargumentthatitsinitialformulationofthepositionitseekstoestablishrequiresmodification;thesecondpresentsthatpositioninamodifiedform.Rain-soakedsoilcontainslessoxygenthandoesdriersoil.Therootsofmelonplantsperformlessefficientlyunderthelow-oxygenconditionspresentinrainsoakedsoil.Whentheefficiencyofmelonrootsisimpaired,therootsdonotsupplysufficientamountsofthepropernutrientsfortheplantstoperformphotosynthesisattheirusuallevels.Itfollowsthatmelonplantshavealower-than-usualrateofphotosynthesiswhentheirrootsareinrain-soakedsoil.Whenthephotosynthesisoftheplantsslows,sugarstoredinthefruitsisdrawnafteraprolongedperiodofheavyrainshouldbelesssweetotherripeIntheargumentgiven,thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?Thestatestheconclusionoftheargumentasawhole;thesecondprovidessupportforthatconclusion.Theprovidessupportfortheconclusionoftheargumentasawhole;thesecondprovidesevidencethatsupportsanobjectiontothatconclusion.Theprovidessupportforanintermediateconclusionthatsupportsafurtherconclusionstatedintheargument;thesecondstatesthatintermediateconclusion.Theservesasanintermediateconclusionthatsupportsafurtherconclusionstatedintheargument;thesecondstatesthepositionthattheargumentasawholeopposes.Thestatesthepositionthattheargumentasawholeopposes;thesecondsupportstheconclusionoftheargument.水↑→氧↓+氧↓→根↓水↑→根↓+根↓→光合↑水↑→光合↓+光合↓→糖↓水糖↓二、Inference归纳题/反归纳题韩巍长得很黑，而很黑的人半夜都看不见Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestbesupportedbytheinformationabove?/Whichofthefollowingcanbemostreliablydrawnfromtheinformationabove?答：韩巍半夜看不见Whichofthefollowingmostcontradictstheinformation答：韩巍半夜清晰可见Aten-yearcomparisonbetweentheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionintermsofcropyieldsperacrerevealedthatwhenonlyplantedacreageiscompared,Sovietyieldswereequalto68percentofUnitedStatesyields.Whentotalagriculturalacreage(plantedacreageplusfallowacreage)iscompared,however,Sovietyieldwas114percentofUnitedStatesyield.Fromtheinformationabove,whichofthefollowingcanbereliablyinferredaboutUnitedStatesandSovietagricultureduringtheten-yearperiod?AhigherpercentageoftotalagriculturalacreagewasfallowintheUnitedStatesthanintheSovietUnion.TheUnitedStateshadmorefallowacreagethanplantedFewertotalacresofavailableagriculturallandwerefallowintheSovietUnionthanintheUnitedStates.TheSovietUnionhadmoreplantedacreagethanfallowTheSovietUnionproducedagreatervolumeofcropsthantheUnitedStatesproduced.总产量/耕种面积：美> 10/100,10/200→总产量/（耕种+休耕）面积：美<10/400,10/300→三、Explanation解释题（只出现在悖论中逻辑单题的做题原则：先看题目要求，再回头读文章万炜长得非常帅，但是他却从来没有谈过女朋友Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldhelpresolve/explaintheapparentparadoxpresentedabove?解释万炜从来没有谈过女朋友，但是他其实很帅的Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldhelpresolve/explaintheapparentparadoxpresentedabove?解释解释题的做题步骤概括悖论的两边成A,butB的结构（必须体现思考需要解释哪一边（在有因果关系时，解释结果找选项DuringthedayinLakeConstance,thezooplanktonD.hyalinadepartsforthedepthswherefoodisscarceandthewatercold.D.galeataremainsnearthewarmsurfacewherefoodisabundant.EventhoughD.galeatagrowsandreproducesmuchfaster,itspopulationisoftenoutnumberedbyD.hyalina.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldhelpresolvetheapparentparadoxpresentedabove?ThenumberofspeciesofzooplanktonlivingatthebottomoflakeistwicethatofspecieslivingatthePredatorsofzooplankton,suchaswhitefishandperch,liveandfeednearthesurfaceofthelakeduringtheday.Inordertomakethemostofscarcefoodresources,D.hyalinematuresmoreslowlythanD.galeata.D. lustersundervegetationduringthehottestpartofdaytoavoidtheSun’sD.galeataproducestwiceasmanyoffspringperindividualinanygivenperiodoftimeasdoesD.hyalina.Inthepasttenyears,therehavebeenseveralimprovementsinmountain-climbingequipment.Theseimprovementshavemadethesportbothsaferandmoreenjoyableforexperiencedclimbers.Despitetheseimprovements,however,therateofmountainclimbinginjurieshasdoubledinthepasttenyears.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,bestreconcilestheapparentdiscrepancypresentedinthepassage?Manyclimbers,lulledintoafalsesenseofsecurity,usethenewequipmenttoattemptclimbingfeatsofwhichtheyarenotcapable.Somemountain-climbinginjuriesarecausedbyunforeseeableweatherconditions.Mountainclimbing,althoughadangeroussport,doesnotnormallyresultininjurytotheexperiencedclimber