情态动词用法总结课件

情态动词用法1a情态动词用法1a情态动词的语法特征2)情态动词不能单独做谓语,后面只能接动词原形，oughtto和haveto除外，。

3)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,但有些情态动词,如can、will、haveto、may等有过去式。1）情态动词表说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。2a情态动词的语法特征2)情态动词不能单独做谓语,后面只能接1)Someofuscanusethecomputernow,butwecouldn’tlastyear.2)Canshebeinthecomputercenter?3)Ithoughwhathesaidcouldnotbetrue.4)Can/CouldIuseyourdictionary?5)Couldyoulendmeahand?1.表能力,意为“能，能够”，can指现在，could指过去。3.表示“请求”“允许”(表请求时，口语中常用

could代替can使语气更委婉，回答时用can)2.表示推测，意为“可能”“或许”，用于疑问句或否定句，can’t和couldn’t意为“不可能”。1.can与could3a1)Someofuscanusethecomp4.can用于疑问句或否定句中时，表惊异、不相信等，意思是“可能、能够”。6)Howcanyoubelievesuchaliarlikehim?5.can’t/couldn’thavedone表示对过去情况的否定推测,意为“过去不可能做过某事”7)Susancan’thavewrittenareportlikethis.8)Shecan’thavegonetoschool,itisSunday.6.can/couldhavedone表对过去的推测，意为“过去可能做了某事”。couldhavedone还可以表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜，意为“本能够做某事可事实上未做”9）It’sapity.Yourclasscouldhavegotthefirstprize.10）WherecanMaryhavegone?4a4.can用于疑问句或否定句中时，表惊异、6)Howcan表示“能够”时与短语beableto同义，但can只用于一般现在时或过去时，而后者可用于各种时态。另外，can表示个人有某种能力，而beableto表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事，相当于succeedindoingsth.；can/beableto

5acan表示“能够”时与短语beableto同义，但canMichael____beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may2.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How____itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must3.----IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.----Oh,didyou?You____withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayedMysistermethimattheGrandTheateryesterdayafternoon,sohe____yourlecture.A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveattendedC.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattendedBAAA6aMichael____beapoliceman,f5.There’ssomeoneoutside.Who____itbe?A.canB.needC.mayD.must6.----IsJackondutytoday?----It____behim.It’shisturntomorrow.A.mustn’tB.won’tC.can’tD.needn’t7.Itisusuallywarminmyhometown,butit____berathercoldsometimes.A.canB.needC.dareD.must8.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveryone_______getaway.A.wereabletoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.couldACAC7a5.There’ssomeoneoutside.Wh2.may与might1.表示“许可”或“请求”，有“可以”的意思，口语中常用might代may,表示委婉语气。

否定回答时用“mustnot”表“禁止，阻止”，不用“maynot”.“maynot”表示“可能不”。Eg:1)---MayIwatchTVaftersupper?---Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t.2)TodayisSunday.Shemaynotinherofficenow.2.表示可能性。意为“或许，可能”might比may

可能性小。Eg:1)Thegirlmightbesleepingthistimeofday.2)Theymaybeinthelibrarynow.8a2.may与might1.表示“许可”或“请求”，有“4.may/mightaswell+动词原形“…还是…的好”“不妨干某事”Eg:Youmayaswellgoandhavealook.3.may/mighthavedone表示对过去发生过的事情的推测，意为“可能已经做过某事”Eg:

Ican’tfindmysunglasses.Imay/mighthavelefttheminyouroffice.9a4.may/mightaswell+动词原形1.SorryI'mlate.I_____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.should

C.canD.will2.Peter_____comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.

A.mustB.mayC.canD.willAB10a1.SorryI'mlate.I_____have3.will与would1.用于第二人称的疑问句中，表“请求、建议”等，用would比用will委婉，客气些Eg:1)Willyoulendmeyourbook?2)Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?2.用于表示意志或意愿，意为“会，愿意”。will指现在，而would指过去。用于否定句中，表示“不会、不肯、不乐意”。Eg:1)Iwon’tdothatagain.2)Theysaidthattheywouldhelpus.3)NomatterwhatIsaid,hewon’tlistentome.11a3.will与would1.用于第二人称的疑问句中，3.表示习惯性动作。译作“总是、惯于”，will指现在常常，would指过去常常。Eg:1)Thismanisstrange.Hewillsitforhourswithoutsayinganything.2)Marywillkeepaskingsomesillyquestions.3)Everyevening,shewouldsitbywindow,deepinthought.4)WewouldsitaroundGrandpaaftersupper,listeningtohisstories.12a3.表示习惯性动作。译作“总是、惯于”，will指现Ifyou____waithereforanother5minutes,ourmanagerwillcomeback.A.shouldB.willC.needD.must2.Whenhewasthere,he______gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might

BA13aIfyou____waithereforanot4.should与oughtto1.oughtto比should语气更重。两者都用于表劝告、建议。意为”应该、应当”。但在疑问句中常用should。oughtto的否定式为oughtn’tto或oughtnotto。Eg:Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.Yououghttotakecareofthebaby.

ShouldIopenthewindow?Whatshouldwedonext?2.两者都可表示推测，表示很大的可能性。意为“可能、按理该…”Eg:1)It’s7o’clock,heshouldbeathome.2)Theyshouldhavearrivedbynow.14a4.should与oughtto1.oughtto比3.oughtto/shouldhavedone本应该干某事可事实未干

oughtn’tto/shouldn’thavedone本不该干某事可事实却干了Eg:Youshouldhaveinvitedmetothepartyyesterday.Youareright.IShouldhavethoughtofthat.Youshouldn’thaveeatenallthecakesinoneday.

4.Should可以用来表示说话人的惊奇等情感，意为“竟然，居然”Eg:1)It’ssurprisingthatMaryshouldlovesuchaperson.2)It’sunbelievablethattheboyshouldsingsuchabeautifulsong.15a3.oughtto/shouldhavedone本1.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman_____besorudetoalady.

A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must2.----WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.----They_____bereadyby12:00A.canB.should C.might D.need3.We______lastnight,butwewenttotheconcertinstead.A.musthavestudiedB.mightstudyC.oughttohavestudiedD.wouldstudyBBc16a1.Youcan’timaginethatawel5.shall1.Shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求。

Eg:1)Shallwebeginourdiscussion?2)ShallIchangetheclothesforthechild?3)ShallTomgotherewithmetomorrow?4)Henryiswaitingoutside.Shallhecomein?17a5.shall1.Shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，2.Shall用于二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人的允诺、警告、命令、威胁等语气。Eg:1)Youshallgetananswerfrommetomorrow.2)Heshallbepunished.3)Youshallgowithme.4)TellJerrythatheshallgetagiftifhebehaveswell.18a2.Shall用于二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人Eg:1ChairmanZhang,manypeoplewanttoseeyou.___theywaithereoroutside?A.shallB.canC.shouldD.may2.You___usemybikeifyoucanreturnittomebeforeI

leavehere.A.shouldB.shallC.needD.must3.You___bepunishedifyoubreaktherule.A.shallB.shouldC.needD.mustABA19aChairmanZhang,manypeoplewamust/have

to/need1.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must,否定回答用

needn’t或don’thaveto，意为

“不必”。mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”

—Must

I

finish

all

homework

at

a

time?

—Yes,youmust.No,

you

needn't/don’thaveto.20amust/have

to/need1.must用于一般问句中Idon’tlikethisTVset.Wemustbuyanewone.Motherwasout,soIhadtolookaftertheshop.2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must

和have

to

稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法，have

to

强调客观需要。另外，have

to

能用于更多时态。

21aIdon’tlikethisTVset.Wem

You

must

be

the

new

teacher.

He

must

be

joking.There

is

nobody

here.

They

must

have

allgone

home.3.must表示对某人某事的肯定猜测,作“准是”,“一定”,用于肯定句中。对过去发生的事情作肯定判断用musthavedone，意为过去一定已经做过某事。22a

You

must

be

the

new

teacher.Whymustyoualwaysinterruptme?Ifyoumustsmoke,doitoutside,pleaseWhymustitrainonSunday?4.must表示与说话人愿望相反，翻译成“偏要，硬要，非要”23aWhymustyoualwaysinterrupt5.注意对need问句的回答:--NeedIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,________________.No,________________.No,________________.youmustyouneedn’tyoudon’thaveto--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you__________.needn’t(don’thaveto)24a5.注意对need问句的回答:youmustyounee【考例】Thebosshasgiveneveryoneaspecialholiday,sowe____gotoworktomorrow.(上海2007春)A.can’t B.mustn’tC.needn’t D.shouldn’t【点拨】考查情态动词。根据题意,可知这里表示“没有必要”,故只能选C项。25a【考例】Thebosshasgiveneveryon【考例】─Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?─You____doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.A.don’thavetoB.oughtn’ttoC.mustn’t D.can’t【点拨】根据题意“除了和他们呆在一起做你自己外,没有必要做任何事情。”可知这里选择don’thaveto表示“不必”。故选A项。26a【考例】─Whatdoyouthinkwecan【考例】

---JanehasjustcomebackfromChinaandshelookshappy.---She_________hertripverymuch.mustenjoyB.musthaveenjoyedC.mayenjoyDshouldhaveenjoyed27a【考例】---Janehasjustcomebac【考例】

You____returnthebooknow,youcankeepituntilnextweekifyoulike.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot28a【考例】You____returnthebook【考例】WhereisDad,Mary?He____theflowersinthegarden.mustwaterB.mustbewateringC.MusthavewateredD.watered29a【考例】WhereisDad,Mary?29a【考例】---What’sthematterwiththemanhanginghisheadthere?---Well.Ifyou___know,hewascaughtstealingmybike.mustB.mayC.canD.shall30a【考例】---What’sthematterwith情态动词表推测用法小结情态动词对现在或将来情况的推测对现在或将来正在进行的推测对过去情况的推测肯定推测

mustmust+vmust+bedoingmust+havedone可能推测may/mightmay/might+vmay/might+bedoingmay/might+havedone否定推测can’t/couldn’tcan’t/couldn't+vcan’t/couldn't+bedoingcan’t/couldn’t+havedone疑问推测can/couldcan/could+vcan/could+bedoingcan/could+havedone31a情态动词表推测用法小结对现在或将来情况的推测对现在或将来正在

情态动词+havedone这是历年高考热点之一，可表示“推测、责备、怀疑”等多种意义。32a情态动词+havedone32a一、表示对过去事情的推测或估计1.musthavedone“过去肯定已经做了某事”

eg:Thegroundisratherwet,soitmusthaverainedlastnight.2.may/mighthavedone“可能/大概已经做了某事”

eg:Tommayhavegonetoshanghai,butIstillnotsureaboutit.3.can’t/couldn’thavedone“不可能已经做了某事”

eg:Thegroundisverydry,soitcan’thaverainedlastnight注：在疑问句中can/could表示对过去情况的疑问性推测，“可能已经…了吗？”

eg:Someonemusthavebrokenintoourbedroom,Whocouldhavedoneit?33a一、表示对过去事情的推测或估计1.musthavedo二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备1.should/oughttohavedone“过去本应该做而没做”

eg:IreallyregrettedwastingthehourswhenIshouldhavestudiedhard,butitwastoolate.2.shouldn’t/oughtn’ttohavedone“过去本不应该做的事却做了”

eg:I’mverysorryforthewordsIshouldn’thavesaidtoyouatthatmoment.3.could/mighthavedone“本来能够做的事却没做”

eg:Hecouldhaveworkedouttheproblem.34a二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备1.should/ou4.needn’thavedone“原本不必做的事却做了”

eg:Yourhomeisnotfarfromyourschool,soyouneedn’thaveleftinsuchahurry.5.Wouldliketohavedone“本打算做某事但没做成”

eg:Iwouldliketohavecometovisityou,butIhadtolookaftermysickmotherathome.35a4.needn’thavedone“原本不必做的事却情态动词用法36a情态动词用法1a情态动词的语法特征2)情态动词不能单独做谓语,后面只能接动词原形，oughtto和haveto除外，。

3)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,但有些情态动词,如can、will、haveto、may等有过去式。1）情态动词表说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。37a情态动词的语法特征2)情态动词不能单独做谓语,后面只能接1)Someofuscanusethecomputernow,butwecouldn’tlastyear.2)Canshebeinthecomputercenter?3)Ithoughwhathesaidcouldnotbetrue.4)Can/CouldIuseyourdictionary?5)Couldyoulendmeahand?1.表能力,意为“能，能够”，can指现在，could指过去。3.表示“请求”“允许”(表请求时，口语中常用

could代替can使语气更委婉，回答时用can)2.表示推测，意为“可能”“或许”，用于疑问句或否定句，can’t和couldn’t意为“不可能”。1.can与could38a1)Someofuscanusethecomp4.can用于疑问句或否定句中时，表惊异、不相信等，意思是“可能、能够”。6)Howcanyoubelievesuchaliarlikehim?5.can’t/couldn’thavedone表示对过去情况的否定推测,意为“过去不可能做过某事”7)Susancan’thavewrittenareportlikethis.8)Shecan’thavegonetoschool,itisSunday.6.can/couldhavedone表对过去的推测，意为“过去可能做了某事”。couldhavedone还可以表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜，意为“本能够做某事可事实上未做”9）It’sapity.Yourclasscouldhavegotthefirstprize.10）WherecanMaryhavegone?39a4.can用于疑问句或否定句中时，表惊异、6)Howcan表示“能够”时与短语beableto同义，但can只用于一般现在时或过去时，而后者可用于各种时态。另外，can表示个人有某种能力，而beableto表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事，相当于succeedindoingsth.；can/beableto

40acan表示“能够”时与短语beableto同义，但canMichael____beapoliceman,forhe’smuchtooshort.A.needn’tB.can’tC.shouldD.may2.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How____itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must3.----IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.----Oh,didyou?You____withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayedMysistermethimattheGrandTheateryesterdayafternoon,sohe____yourlecture.A.couldn’thaveattendedB.needn’thaveattendedC.mustn’thaveattendedD.shouldn’thaveattendedBAAA41aMichael____beapoliceman,f5.There’ssomeoneoutside.Who____itbe?A.canB.needC.mayD.must6.----IsJackondutytoday?----It____behim.It’shisturntomorrow.A.mustn’tB.won’tC.can’tD.needn’t7.Itisusuallywarminmyhometown,butit____berathercoldsometimes.A.canB.needC.dareD.must8.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveryone_______getaway.A.wereabletoB.wouldC.wasabletoD.couldACAC42a5.There’ssomeoneoutside.Wh2.may与might1.表示“许可”或“请求”，有“可以”的意思，口语中常用might代may,表示委婉语气。

否定回答时用“mustnot”表“禁止，阻止”，不用“maynot”.“maynot”表示“可能不”。Eg:1)---MayIwatchTVaftersupper?---Yes,youmay./No,youmustn’t.2)TodayisSunday.Shemaynotinherofficenow.2.表示可能性。意为“或许，可能”might比may

可能性小。Eg:1)Thegirlmightbesleepingthistimeofday.2)Theymaybeinthelibrarynow.43a2.may与might1.表示“许可”或“请求”，有“4.may/mightaswell+动词原形“…还是…的好”“不妨干某事”Eg:Youmayaswellgoandhavealook.3.may/mighthavedone表示对过去发生过的事情的推测，意为“可能已经做过某事”Eg:

Ican’tfindmysunglasses.Imay/mighthavelefttheminyouroffice.44a4.may/mightaswell+动词原形1.SorryI'mlate.I_____haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain.A.mightB.should

C.canD.will2.Peter_____comewithustonight,butheisn’tverysureyet.

A.mustB.mayC.canD.willAB45a1.SorryI'mlate.I_____have3.will与would1.用于第二人称的疑问句中，表“请求、建议”等，用would比用will委婉，客气些Eg:1)Willyoulendmeyourbook?2)Wouldyoulikeacupoftea?2.用于表示意志或意愿，意为“会，愿意”。will指现在，而would指过去。用于否定句中，表示“不会、不肯、不乐意”。Eg:1)Iwon’tdothatagain.2)Theysaidthattheywouldhelpus.3)NomatterwhatIsaid,hewon’tlistentome.46a3.will与would1.用于第二人称的疑问句中，3.表示习惯性动作。译作“总是、惯于”，will指现在常常，would指过去常常。Eg:1)Thismanisstrange.Hewillsitforhourswithoutsayinganything.2)Marywillkeepaskingsomesillyquestions.3)Everyevening,shewouldsitbywindow,deepinthought.4)WewouldsitaroundGrandpaaftersupper,listeningtohisstories.47a3.表示习惯性动作。译作“总是、惯于”，will指现Ifyou____waithereforanother5minutes,ourmanagerwillcomeback.A.shouldB.willC.needD.must2.Whenhewasthere,he______gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.might

BA48aIfyou____waithereforanot4.should与oughtto1.oughtto比should语气更重。两者都用于表劝告、建议。意为”应该、应当”。但在疑问句中常用should。oughtto的否定式为oughtn’tto或oughtnotto。Eg:Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.Yououghttotakecareofthebaby.

ShouldIopenthewindow?Whatshouldwedonext?2.两者都可表示推测，表示很大的可能性。意为“可能、按理该…”Eg:1)It’s7o’clock,heshouldbeathome.2)Theyshouldhavearrivedbynow.49a4.should与oughtto1.oughtto比3.oughtto/shouldhavedone本应该干某事可事实未干

oughtn’tto/shouldn’thavedone本不该干某事可事实却干了Eg:Youshouldhaveinvitedmetothepartyyesterday.Youareright.IShouldhavethoughtofthat.Youshouldn’thaveeatenallthecakesinoneday.

4.Should可以用来表示说话人的惊奇等情感，意为“竟然，居然”Eg:1)It’ssurprisingthatMaryshouldlovesuchaperson.2)It’sunbelievablethattheboyshouldsingsuchabeautifulsong.50a3.oughtto/shouldhavedone本1.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman_____besorudetoalady.

A.canB.shouldC.mayD.must2.----WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.----They_____bereadyby12:00A.canB.should C.might D.need3.We______lastnight,butwewenttotheconcertinstead.A.musthavestudiedB.mightstudyC.oughttohavestudiedD.wouldstudyBBc51a1.Youcan’timaginethatawel5.shall1.Shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求。

Eg:1)Shallwebeginourdiscussion?2)ShallIchangetheclothesforthechild?3)ShallTomgotherewithmetomorrow?4)Henryiswaitingoutside.Shallhecomein?52a5.shall1.Shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，2.Shall用于二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人的允诺、警告、命令、威胁等语气。Eg:1)Youshallgetananswerfrommetomorrow.2)Heshallbepunished.3)Youshallgowithme.4)TellJerrythatheshallgetagiftifhebehaveswell.53a2.Shall用于二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人Eg:1ChairmanZhang,manypeoplewanttoseeyou.___theywaithereoroutside?A.shallB.canC.shouldD.may2.You___usemybikeifyoucanreturnittomebeforeI

leavehere.A.shouldB.shallC.needD.must3.You___bepunishedifyoubreaktherule.A.shallB.shouldC.needD.mustABA54aChairmanZhang,manypeoplewamust/have

to/need1.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must,否定回答用

needn’t或don’thaveto，意为

“不必”。mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”

—Must

I

finish

all

homework

at

a

time?

—Yes,youmust.No,

you

needn't/don’thaveto.55amust/have

to/need1.must用于一般问句中Idon’tlikethisTVset.Wemustbuyanewone.Motherwasout,soIhadtolookaftertheshop.2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must

和have

to

稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法，have

to

强调客观需要。另外，have

to

能用于更多时态。

56aIdon’tlikethisTVset.Wem

You

must

be

the

new

teacher.

He

must

be

joking.There

is

nobody

here.

They

must

have

allgone

home.3.must表示对某人某事的肯定猜测,作“准是”,“一定”,用于肯定句中。对过去发生的事情作肯定判断用musthavedone，意为过去一定已经做过某事。57a

You

must

be

the

new

teacher.Whymustyoualwaysinterruptme?Ifyoumustsmoke,doitoutside,pleaseWhymustitrainonSunday?4.must表示与说话人愿望相反，翻译成“偏要，硬要，非要”58aWhymustyoualwaysinterrupt5.注意对need问句的回答:--NeedIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,________________.No,________________.No,________________.youmustyouneedn’tyoudon’thaveto--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you__________.needn’t(don’thaveto)59a5.注意对need问句的回答:youmustyounee【考例】Thebosshasgiveneveryoneaspecialholiday,sowe____gotoworktomorrow.(上海2007春)A.can’t B.mustn’tC.needn’t D.shouldn’t【点拨】考查情态动词。根据题意,可知这里表示“没有必要”,故只能选C项。60a【考例】Thebosshasgiveneveryon【考例】─Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?─You____doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.A.don’thavetoB.oughtn’ttoC.mustn’t D.can’t【点拨】根据题意“除了和他们呆在一起做你自己外,没有必要做任何事情。”可知这里选择don’thaveto表示“不必”。故选A项。61a【考例】─Whatdoyouthinkwecan【考例】

---JanehasjustcomebackfromChinaandshelookshappy.---She_________hertripverymuch.mustenjoyB.musthaveenjoyedC.mayenjoyDshouldhaveenjoyed62a【考例】---Janehasjustcomebac【考例】

You____return