新视野大学英语1教案U5

新视野大学英语1教案U5新视野大学英语(第二版)1BOOKOne(TheSecondEdition)Unit5TheBattleAgainstAIDSI.Aims:Studentswillbeableto:graspthemainideaandstructureofthetext;appreciatethenarrativeskillsdemonstratedinthetext;masterthekeylanguagepointsandgrammaticalstructuresinthetext;conductaseriesofreading,listening,speakingandwritingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeoftheunit.NewLexis:AIDSacquireimmunedeficiencysyndromediagnoseinfectHIVvirusruralconstitutesegmentalarmfederalimplementorganizationemergecombatresourcecreativeeducationalclientpublicationappointmenteducateliteracyliteraturesolveillustrateestablishbusterriskpressuredefineredefinemaritalplagueestablishmentemphasizeregardlesssolutioncrisiscurerepresentepidemicthreatenracialdistractefficiencybeinfectedwithinplaceofsufferfromhandoutsetupatriskregardlessofguardagainstwipeoutdistractsb.fromsth.signupforStructure:Tosolvethisproblems,askpeopleinthecommunitytocreatelow-1iteracyAIDSeducationpublications.2beenslowinimplementingprogramstostopthespreadofAIDS.Pre-readingActivitiesWhatisAIDS?AcquiredImmureDeficiencySyndrome（后天性免疫缺陷综合症）.Itisadiseasethatlimitsthebody'sabilitytofightinfection.ApersonwithAIDShasaveryweakimmunesystem,turningnormallymildorrarediseasesintopotentiallyfatal!新视野大学英语（第二版）1conditions.WhatisHIV?HumanImmunodeficiencyVirus（人类免疫缺陷病毒）.AIDSisdifferentfromHIVinthattheformerusuallycausesdeathwhileHIVmayleadtoAIDS.WhatdoyouknowaboutWorldAIDSDay?December,1stwasestablishedasWorldAIDSDayin1988.Itistheinternationaldayofcoordinateaction（协调彳丁切,againstAIDS.HowmanywayscanHIVspread?contactwithinfectedbloodmother-to-chiIdsexWhoismost1ikelytobecomeinfected?AnyonecanbecomeinfectedwithHIV.HIVistransmittedsexuallyorthroughdrugusebycontaminatedblood.V.BackgroundInformation:WhatdoestheRedRibbonstandfor?Itisaninternationalsymbol（标忐）ofAIDSawareness.Peopleweartheribbon,particularlyaroundWorldAIDSDay,toshowcareandconcern（关注）aboutHIVandAIDS.WhatWeStillDon'tKnowAboutAIDSInthe20yearssincethefirstcasesofAIDSweredetected,scientistssaytheyhavelearnedmoreaboutthisvirall）diseasethananyother.

YetPeterPiot,whodirectstheUnitedNationsAIDSprogram,andStefanoVellaofRome,presidentoftheInternationalAIDSSociety,andotherexpertssayreviewingunansweredquestionscouldproveusefulasameasureofprogressforAIDSandotherdiseases.Amongtheimportantbroaderscientificquestionsthatremain：WhydoesAIDSpredisposeinfectedpersonstocertaintypesofcancerandinfections?Along-standingbeliefisthatcancercellsconstantlydevelopandareheldthatbelief.non-Hodgkinslung,themostimmunesystem,incheckbyahealthyimmune2)system.ButAIDShaschallengedPeoplewithAIDSaremuchmoreprone3)tocertaincancerslikelymphomasandKaposissarcoma4),butnottobreast,colonandcommoncancers2新视野大学英语(第二版)1thatbelief.non-Hodgkinslung,themostimmunesystem,intheUnitedStates.ThispatternsuggeststhatanimpairedatleastthetypethatoccursinAIDS,doesnotallowcommoncancerstodevelop.WhatroutedoesHIVtakeafteritentersthebodytodestroytheimmunesystem?WhenHIVistransmittedsexually,thevirusmustcrossatissuebarriertoenterthebody.Howthathappensisstillunclear.Thevirusmightinvadedirectlyorbecarriedbyaseriesofdifferentkindsofcells.EventuallyHIVtravelsthroughlymph5)vessels6)tolymphnodesandtherestofthelymphsystem.Butwhatisnotknownishowthevirusproceedstodestroythebody'sCD-4cellsthatareneededtocombatinvadinginfectiousagents.HowdoesHIVsubverttheimmune?)sys-tem?AlthoughHIVkillstheimmunecellssenttokillthevirus,thereiswidespreadvariationintherateatwhichHIVinfectedpeoplebecomeillwithAIDS.Soscientistsask：Cantheelementsoftheimmunesystemresponsibleforthatvariabilitybeidentified?Ifso,cantheybeusedtostopprogressiontoAIDSininfectedindividualsandpossiblypreventinfectioninthefirstplace?Whatisthemosteffectiveanti-HlVtherapy?Intheory,earlytreatmentshouldofferthebestchanceofpreservingimmunefunction.ButthenewdrugsdonotcompletelyeliminateHIVfromthebodysothemedicines,whichcanhavedangeroussideeffects,willhavetobetakenforalifetimeandperhapschangedtocombatresistance.Thenewpolicyisexpectedtorecommendthattreatmentbedeferreduntiltherearesignstheimmunesystemisweakening.Isavaccine8）possible?Thereislittlequestionthataneffectivevaccineiscrucialtocontrollingtheepidemic9）.Yetonlyonehasreachedthestageoffulltesting,andthereiswidecontroversyoverthedegreeofprotectionitwillprovide.HIVstrainsthataretransmittedinvariousareasoftheworlddiffergenetically.ItisnotknownwhetheravaccinederivedfromonetypeofHIVwillconferprotectionagainstothertypes.Intheabsenceofavaccine,howcanHIVbestopped?WithoutmoreincisivelO）,focusedbehavioralresearch,preventionmessagesalonewillnotstoptheglobalepidemic.StageIPresentationA.Vocabularyacquirevt.getbyskillorability,byone'sowneffortsorbehavior（由技术、能力、努力或行为而）获得;学到acquireagoodknowledgeofEnglish熟谙英文acquireareputationfordishonesty蒙上不诚实恶名acquireatasteforbrandy养成喝白兰地的嗜好3新视野大学英语（第二版）1immune:abeimmunetosth./sb对….有免疫力;不受….影响Thisbloodtestwillshowwhetherornotyou'reimmunetothedisease.这次验血将表明你对这种病是否有免疫カ。Iamimmunetothenoisefromthefactory.我对那家工厂的噪音已习以为常了。diagnose诊断vt.①diagnosesb.with②diagnose+illness/sb.'sconditionas•••Thewomanisdiagnosedwithdiabetes（糖尿病）.Thedoctordiagnosedtheillnessascancer.infect:vt.causeotherstohaveadiseaseorillness;affect;influencebeinfectedwith:makesomeonegetadiseaseHeinfectseveryonearoundhimwithhisenthusiasm.他的热情感染了身边的每ー个人。Itisestimatedthatoverthirtymi1lionpeoplearenowinfectedwiththevirus,估计目前有超过3,000万人感染上了该病毒。constitutevt.formsth.frompartsHowmanystudentsconstituteyourstudygroup?Twelvemonthsconstituteayear.alarmvt.causesuddenfearorworry;giveawarningorfeelingofdangerto使恐慌,使担忧;警告枪声惊动了千百只鸟。Thenoiseoftheshotalarmedhundredsofbirds.n.①[U]suddenfearandworry恐慌,担忧;②[C]apieceofequipmentthatwarnspeopleaboutdanger,thetime,etc.报器;闹钟afirealarm火警setthealarm(-clock)for6〇'clock把闹钟拨到6点e.g.Uejumpedupinalarm.他惊慌地跳了起来。organizationn.agroupofpeoplewithaspecialpurposeWhatdotheseorganizationsmean?WHOWorldHealthOrganizationOPECOrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries4新视野大学英语（第二版）1NATONorthAtlanticTreatyOrganizationFAOFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNation联合国粮农组织UNESCOUnitedNations'tEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization联合国教科文组织emergevi.①cometoappearThesunemergedfrombehindacloud.vi.②becomeknownDifferentideasemergedintheheateddiscussion.illustratevt.makeclearbygivingpicturesorexamplesThesegraphsillustratetheresultsoftheexperiment.他用统计数据来说明观点。Heillustratedhispointwithstatistics.riskvt.①placeindangerThesoldierriskedhislifetosavethedrowninggirl.士兵冒着生命危险去救落水的女孩。n.②dangerThediseaseisspreading,andallchildrenunder5areatrisk.疾病在蔓延,5岁以下的儿童都有被传染的危险。Morephrasesatrisk:indanger处境危险take/runtheriskof(doing)sth.冒着 的危险atanyrisk,atallrisks不管冒什么风险attheriskof(doing)sth.冒着 的危险take/runtherisktodosth.冒险 whichisright?Iamriskingmyjob.TIamtakingtheriskoflosingmyjob.TIamattheriskoflosingmyjob.Fdistractsb.fromsth.=takesb.'sattentionfromsth.使分心MostChineseparentsthinkpuppylovewilldistracttheirchildrenfromtheirschoolwork.多数中国父母认为早恋会让孩子学习分心。新视野大学英语(第二版)1街上的嘈杂声使我不能专心读书。Thenoiseinthestreetdistractedmefrommyreading.signupfor=putone'snameonalisttotakepartinsth,玻名参加上个学期她报名参加了青年志愿者组织。ShesignedupfortheYoungVolunteerteamlastsemester.B.TextStudyPartDivisionoftheTextStructureAnalysisTheWritingModelofthePassage:Problem+Solution+Evaluation+SummaryThebasicstructureofthispatternisproblem-solution-evaluation.Therearesomepossibledifferencesinthepatternbutthebasicpartsareproblemsandsolutions.Now,findtheproblem,blemsAIDShaskilledmanyAmericans,andstillmanywiththeHIVvirusareexpectedtodie.(Para.1)WomenandyouthinsomecommunitiesaremakingupthefastestsegmentofpeoplewithAIDS.(Para.2)Americangovernmentshavebeenslowinstoppingthespreadofthedisease.(Para.3)SolutionsAnumberoflocalorganizationshaveemerged.TheSouthCarolinaAIDSEducationNetworkisoneofthem.(Paras.3-4)6新视野大学英语（第二版）1Theorganizationoperatesitseducationalprogramsoutofabeautyshop.(Paras.4-5)Thenetworkbeganhelpingthehairstylistssetupsimilarprogramsintheirshops.(Para.6)Ithasdevelopedseveraltechniquesusefultoothergroupsdoingsimilarwork.(Para.7)Speaktoyourcommunityinawaytheycanhear.(Paras.8-9)Trainteenagerstoeducatetheirpeers.(Para.10)Redefine“atrisk“toincludewomenfromdifferentbackgroundsandmarriagestatus.(Paras.11-12)EvaluationTheseprogramsarenottheonlysolutionstothecrisisbut,untilthereisacureforAIDS,theyareonlysafemeasuresagainstthevirus.(Para.13)SummaryWemustnotletcultural,racial,orsocialbarriersdistractusfromthejobthatmustbedone.Norcanweletpoliticalinefficiencystopusfromourtask.Everyonemustbecomeaneducatorandlearntolive.(Para.14)Thewaytodevelopparagraphs:AGeneralStatement+Problem-solution-evaluationThewriterlistssomewaysofwinningthewaragainstAIDS.Eachmethodispresentedinageneralstatement.Hetriestoargueforideainaproblemsolution-evaluationway.Trainteenagerstoeducatetheirpeers.TheproblemThesolutionTheevaluationTheproblemAIDSisspreadingfastestamongteenagersintheruralSouth.ThesolutionEstablishan"AIDSBusters"program.Theprogramtrainsyouth（from8to26）togointothecommunityandteachAIDSlessonstotheirpeers.TheevaluationYoungpeoplemakethelessonssimple.TheyexplaintheriskofcatchingAIDStotheirfriendsmuchbetterthananadultcan.Theyhelpparentsunderstandthepeerpressuretheirchildrenexperience.Method1&3aredevelopedinthesameway.Workwithyourpartnerandfindthedetails.7新视野大学英语（第二版）1DifficultsentencesTosolvethisproblem,askpeopleinthecommunitywhocandrawwel1tocreatelow-literacyAIDSeducationpublications.sb/sth+attributiveclauseIdon'tlikethewayhetalkstoothers.MorePracticeIM11neverforgetthecity我和玛丽在那里度过童年时光）.（全家人认为这是个了不起的荣誉）.weneedtoeducate,since…Whatdo“they"and“people"referto?They=Thesebooks,people=thepictures这些书籍也展示一些看上去和那些需要接受教育的人很相似的图片,……suchalarmingnumbers,thefederalandstategovernmentshavealwaysbeenslowinimplementingprogramstostopthespreadofAIDS.Despite...,…尽管 ,还是 Despitealotofdifficulties,hemanagedtofinishtheworkwithinthreeweeks,尽管有许多困难,他还是设法在三周内完成了工作。Uefailedintheexamathirdtimedespitehiscontinuoushardworking.他第三次考试未通过,尽管他一直都很努力。Likenootherplaguebefore,theAIDSepidemicthreatenstowipeoutanentireleavesth./sb....让某人/物处于某状态 Thetrialleftalotofquestionsunanswered.Don'tleaveherwaitingoutsideintherain.别让她在外边雨中等着。Iwishyou'dstopleavingthedooropen.It'scoldoutside.外面那么冷,我希望你不要再让门开着。(L65)Sth./Sb.is…， 是 ,电脑是ー种电子装置,这种装置能够储存信息并能根据一套被称为程序的指令做事情。好老师是那些能够引起学习者学习兴趣的老师。Acomputerisanelectricmachinethatcanstoreinformationanddothingswithitaccordingtoasetofinstructionscalledaprogram.Thegreatestteachersaretheoneswhocanarousestudents'intereststolearn.8新视野大学英语(第二版)1StageIIReproductionGroupwork.SupposeyouarecommitteemembersoftheSouthCarolinaAIDSEducationNetwork.NowameetingisbeingheldtofindsolutionstothespreadofAIDS.Afterthemeeting,sendyourrepresentativetoreportyoursolutions,whichareexpectedtobereasonable,convincingandeffective.MakegooduseoftheinformationinSectionA.Afterdiscussion,wewveworkedoutsomesolutionstotheproblemswearefacedwith.Tobeginwith,immediateactionsshouldbetakentocollectmoneytokeepourorganizationgoing…StagelllSummarySinceitwasdiagnosedin1970s,AIDShaskilledthousandsofAmericans.WomenandyouthinruralSoutherncommunitiesaremostlikelytobeinfectedwithAIDS.InplaceofthespreadofAIDSandlackofgovernmentactivitytostopit,somelocalorganizationsemerged.TheSouthCarolinaAIDSEducationNetworkformedtohelpreducethenumberofAIDScases.Insomecommunities,handingoutAIDSliteratureandexpectingpeopletoreaditisnotveryeffectivebecausemanypeoplecannotread.Besides,AIDSisspreadingfastestamongteenagersintheruralSouth.SothesegroupshavedevelopedsomebestmethodsofcombatingthespreadofAIDS,whichinclude:speaktoyourcommunityinawaytheycanhear;trainteenagerstoeducatetheirpeers;andredefine“atrisk“toincludewomenfromdifferentbackgroundsandmarriagestatus.Inotherwords,everyoneshouldsignupforthewaragainstAIDS.StagelVPracticalWritingInvitation较正式的宴会请柬多用于隆重的社交场合,因此行文中不使用第一人称I或we,而使用第三人称,如Mr,等。英文请柬常在最后加上R.S.V.P.,是法文repondezs9ilvousplait的缩写,意思是PleasereplyoSample1Mr.SunZhiweirequeststhepleasureofthecompanyofMr.andMrs.ZhangHuatodinner7:00p.m.onFriday,18thJanuaryatRoom402,102JianguoRoad(W)R.S.V.P.Sample1谨定于一月十八日星期五下午七时在建国路102号402室举行晚宴。9新视野大学英语（第二版）1敬请张华先生和夫人光临。孙志伟李翔先生:兹定于二零零九年五月五日星期F!上午十一点在和平饭店举行女儿孙佳与张汉先生的婚礼。敬请光临孙志军敬约赵梅Sample2Mr.andMrs.LiXiangacceptwithpleasureMr.andMrs.SunZhijunskindinvitationtotheweddingreceptionoftheirdaughterSunJiaandMr.ZhangHanSunday,thefifthofMayateleven〇clockforenoonPeaceHotel.以上是对结婚请柬的回复。此信也可简化如下:Mr.andMrs.LiXiangacceptwithpleasureMr.andMrs.SunZhijun"skindinvitationforSunday,thefifthofMay.Sample2Mr.andMrs.LiXiangregretthattheywillbeunabletoacceptMr.andMrs.SunZhijunsi