译林版高中英语选择性必修四Unit2 Grammar and usage 练习

选必四Unit2Understandingeachother语法补充练习：Overviewofrelativeclauses定语从句复习

AttributiveclausesinReading定语从句在阅读中的应用【考例I】Whilemenhavelongspenttheirtimefishingandplayinggolf,womenhavesometimesseemedtobecomeunnoticedastheyage.Butthegenerationnowturning50isthebabyboomers,andthesamepeoplewhorefusedtheirparents'wayofbeingyoungarenowtryinganewwayofgrowingold.（）Fromthetext,weknowthatthe“babyboomers''areagroupofpeoplewho.havegraduallybecomemorenoticeableareworriedaboutgettingoldtooquicklyarcenjoyingagoodlifewithplentyofmoneytospendtriedlivingadifferentlifefromtheirparentswhentheywereyoung【考例2】Adevicethatstopsdriversfromfallingasleepat（hewheelisabouttoundergotestingatDepartmentofTransportlaboratoriesandcouldgoonsalewithin12months.Thesystem,calledDriverAlert,aimstoreducedeadlyroadaccidentsby20%-40%（hatarecausedbytiredness.Airlinepilotscanalsouseittoreducethe30%ofallpilot-erroraccidentsthatarerelatedtofatigue.（）Accordingtothetext,DriverAlert.A.aimstoreducetiredness-relatedaccidentsB.hasgonethroughtestingatlaboratoriesC.aimstopreventdriversfromsleepingD.hasbeenonsalefor12months【考例3】（2017北京C篇）Measles（麻疹），whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine（疫苗）.Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear.115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyare（heleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity'、whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan'tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn'twork.Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.ThafsexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-ycar-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.Theresistancecovaccinehascontinuedfbrdecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskseifishlymakeotherssuffer.Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout（决定不参力口）ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption（豁免）,sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoone

doesenoughtolimitexemptions.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey'llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesin(herisks.()63.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrendtheoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattentionanti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasonsD.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly)64.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen.D.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly)64.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen.A.exemptionsarcallowedC.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedinD.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly)64.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen.A.exemptionsarcallowedC.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin)65.Whatisthemainreasonfbrthecomebackofmeasles?A.Theoveruseofvaccine.C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.()66.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption.D.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly)64.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen.A.exemptionsarcallowedC.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin)65.Whatisthemainreasonfbrthecomebackofmeasles?A.Theoveruseofvaccine.C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.()66.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption.C.Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.【考例4】(2006湖南E篇)SusanSontag(1933-2004)wasoneofthemostthan40yearsshemadeitmorally(道德上地)neceB.severalvaccinesarcusedtogetherD.newregulationsarcaddedtothestatelawsB.Thelackofmedicalcar/D.Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.ocuremeasles.htsinmedicaltreatment.B.TodiscussmetD.Toappealfoorklofliterature.Formoreoweverything—toreadeveiybookworthreading,toseceverymovieworthseeing.Whenshewasstilherearly30s,publishingessaysinsuchimportantmagazinesasPartisanReview,sheappearedasthesymbolofAmericanculturallife,tryinghardtofolloweverynewdevelopmentinliterature,filmandart.Withgreateffortandseriousjudgment,Sontagwalkedatthelalestedgesofworldculture.SeriousnesswasoneSontag'slifelongwatchwords(格言),butata(imewhenthebarriersbetweenihewell-educatedandthepoor-educatedwereobvious,shearguedforatrueopennesstothepleasuresofpopculture.In“NotesonCamp"，ihe1964essaythatfirstmadehername,sheexplainedwhatwasthenalittle-knownsetofdifficultundersUndings,throughwhichshecouldnothavebeenmorefamous.<4NotesonCamp”,shewrote,''representsvictoryoftfbnn,over'content\1beautyiover'morals'.”Byconviction(信念)shewasasensualist(感觉论者),butbynatureshewasamoralist,andintheworksshepublishedinthe1970sand1980s,itwasthelattersideofherthatcameforward.InIllnessasMetaphor-publishedin1978,aftershesufferedcancer-shearguedagainsttheideathatcancerwassomehowaspecialproblemofrepressedpersonalities,aconceptthateffectivelyblamedthevictimforthedisease.Infact,re-examiningoldpositionswasherlifelonghabit.InAmerica,herstoryofa19thcenturyPolishactresswhosetupaperfectsocietyinCalifornia,wontheNationalBookAwardin20()0.Butitwasasatireless,all-purposeculturalviewthatshemadeherlastingfame."Sometimes,sheoncesaid,“Ifeelthat,intheend,allIamreallydefending...istheideaofseriousness,oftrueseriousness.^^Andintheend,shemadeustakeitseriouslytoo.)i.Theunderlinedsentenceinparagraph1meansSontag.wasasymbolofAmericanculturallifedevelopedworldliterature,filmandartpublishedmanyessaysaboutworldculture

keptpacewiththenewestdevelopmentofworldculture)2.Shefirstwonhernamethrough.herstoryofaPolishactressherbookIllnessasMetaphorpublishingessaysinmagazineslikePartisanReviewherexplanationofasetofdifficultunderstandings)3.Accordingtothepassage.SusanSontag.wasasensualistaswellasamoralistlookeddownuponthepopculturethoughtcontentwasmoreimportantthanformblamedthevictimofcancerforbeingrepressedB.re-examinedoldpositionsD.preferredmoralstobeauty-WLB.re-examinedoldpositionsD.preferredmoralstobeauty-WLancestors(祖先)battlednaturewith)5.SusanSontag^lastingfamewasmadeuponA.atireless,all-purposeculturalviewB.herlifelongwatchword:seriousnessC.publishingbooksonmoralsD.enjoyingbooksworthreadingandmovieswo【考例5】Everyoneshouldvisitalighthouseatleastonce.Themostimportantreasonforsuchavisitistorcalithebasictools(that)theyhad.Theyhadonlybasicwaysofcreatinglight,andyettheyfoundawayofusingthissimpletechnologyinisolated(孤零零的)placestosaveshipsfromhittingrocks.Secondly,visitinglighthouseswillhelpustounderstandthelivesoflighthousekeepers.Bytheirverynature,lighthouseswerebuiltonsomerocksofcliffs.Thus,thelighthousekeepersoftenlivedlonelylives.Towalkaroundtheirsmallhome,andimaginetheangrystormoutsidebeatingagainst(hewalls,istolakeasteptowardsunderstandingthelivestheyhad.Thereasonsforavisittoalighthousearenotallsobackward-lookingintime.Itistruethatlighthouseswerebuiltinout-of-the-wayplaces.Butonapleasantsunnysummerday,thisveryisolationhasanaturalbeautythatmanypeoplewilllovetoexperience.Therefore,withthegentlewavestouchingallroundthelighthouse,thevisitorislikelytothinkitisaworldpreferabletothebusyandnoisymodernlife.Anotherreasonforconsideringavisitisthatthelighthousesthemselvescanbeveryattractivebuildings.Mankindcouldoftennotbecontentjusttoputupabasicstructure,butfelttheneed,eveninsuchanisolatedplace,tobuildwithanartistictouch.Theresultisaviewfortiredeyestoenjoy.Finally,lighthouseshavearomanticattraction,summedupbytheimageoftheoil-skincoatedkeeperclimbinghiswindingstairs(otakecareofthelightiowarnshipsandsavelives.()1.Whatisthereasoncolookbackintothepastofalighthouse?Toescapefromthebusyandnoisycity.Tolookforthetoolsusedbyourancestors.Toexperiencethenaturalbeautyofalighthouse.Tolearnaboutthelivingconditionoflighthousekeepers.)2.Theunderlinedphrase“out-of-lhe-way”inParagraph4meansA.far-awayA.far-awayA.far-awayB.dangerousC.ancientD.secretA.far-awayB.dangerousC.ancientD.secret)3.Lighthouseswereoftenbuiltwithanartistictouch.A.IoattractvisitorsB.toguidepassingshipsC.togiveapleasantsightD.torememberlighthousekeepers)4.Howmanyreasonsarementionedforavisittolighthouse?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.【考例6】Taiwanpolicecannotdecidewhethertotreatitasanextremelycleveractofstealingoranevencleverercheat.Eitherway,itcouldbetheperfectcrime,becausethecriminalsarcbirds一horningpigeons!Thecrimebeginswithatelephonemessagetotheownerofastolencar:ifyouwantthecarback,payupthen,thecarownerisdirectedtoapark,toldwheretofindabirdcageandhowtoattachmoneytotheneckofthepigeoninside.Carryingthemoneyinatinybag,thepigeonfliesoff.Therehavebeenalleastfoursuchpigeonpick-upsinChangwa.Whatalfirstseemedliketheworkofacleverslay-al-homecarthief,however,mayinfactbetheworkofanevenlazierandmoreinventivecriminalmind-onethatavoidnotonlycollectingmoneybutgoingouttostealthecarinthefirstplace.PoliceofficerChensaysthatthecriminalprobablyhaspulledadoubletrick:hegetsmoneyforthingshecannotpossiblyreturn.Insteadofstealingcars,heletssomeoneelsedoitandthenwaitsforthecar-ownertoplaceanadinthenewspaperaskingforhelp.Thetheoryissupportedbythefactthat,sofar,noneofthestolencarshavebeenreturned.Also,theamountofmoneydemanded—under3,000Taiwanesedollars-seemstoolittleforacarworthmanytimesmore.Demandsforpigcon-dcliveredmoneystoppedassoonasthe