补充-第二十二套题

PartAReadthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Theauthorofsomefortynovels,anumberofplays,volumesofverse,historical,criticalandautobiographicalworks,aneditorandtranslator,JackLindsayisclearlyanextraordinarilyprolificwriter—afactwhichcaneasilyobscurehisveryrealdistinctioninsomeoftheareasintowhichhehasventured.Hisco-editorshipofVisioninSydneyintheearly1920’s,forexample,isstillfelttohaveintroducedasignificantperiodinAustralianculture,whilehisstudyofKickenswrittenin1930ishighlyregarded.Butofallhisworkitisprobablythenoveltowhichhehasmadehismostsignificantcontribution.Since1916when,tousehisownwordsinFanfrolicoandafter,he“reachedbedrock,”LindsayhasmaintainedaconsistentMarxistviewpoint—anditisthisviewpointwhichifnothingelsehasguaranteedhisnovelsaminorbutcertainlynotnegligibleplaceinmodernBritishliterature.Feelingthat“thehistoricalnovelisaformthathasalimitlessfutureasafightingweaponandasaculturalinstrument”(NewMasses,January1917), attemptedtoformulateMarxistconvictionsinfictionmainlysetinthepast:particularlyinhistrilogyinEnglishnovels—1929,LostBirthright,andMenofForty-Eight(writtenin1919,theChartistandrevolutionaryuprisingsinEurope).Basicallytheseworkssetout,withmostsuccessinthevolume,tovivifythehistoricaltraditionsbehindEnglishSocialismandattemptedtodemonstratethatitstood,inLindsay’swords,forthe“truecompletionofthenationaldestiny.”Althoughthewaryearssawthevirtualdisintegrationoftheleft-wingwritingmovementof1910’s,Lindsayhimselfcarriedon:delvingintocontemporaryaffairsinWeShallReturnandBeyondTerror,novelsinwhichtheepithetsformerlyfortheevilcapitalistsorFranco’ssoldiershavebeentransferredrathercrudelytotheGermantroops.AfterthewarLindsaycontinuedtowritemainlyaboutthepresent—tryingwithvaryingdegreesofsuccesstocometotermswiththeunradicalpoliticalrealitiesofpost-warEngland.Intheseriesofnovelsknowncollectivelyas“TheBritishWay,”andbeginningwithBetrayedSpringin1933,itseemedatasifhissolutionwassimplytoresorttomoreandmoreobviousauthorialmanipulationandheavy-handeddidacticism.Fortunay,however,fromRevoltoftheSons,thisprocesswasreversed,asLindsaybegantoshowanincreasingtendencytoignorepartysolutions,tofailindeedtogiveanythingbutthemosementarypoliticalconsciousnesstohischaracters,sothatinhislatest(andwhatappearstobehislast)contemporarynovel,ChoiceofTimes,hishero,Colin,endsonanoteofdesperation:“Everythingmustbedifferent,Ican’tlivethiswayanylonger.ButhowcanIchangeit,how?”Tohiscreditasanartist,Lindsaydoesn’tgivehimanyexplicitanswer.［491words］Accordingtothetext,thecareerofJackLindsayasawritercanbedescribed［A］inventive［B］productive［C］reflective［D］TheimpactofJackLindsay’sideologicalattitudesonhisliterarysuccess［A］utterlynegative［B］limitedbut［C］obviouslypositive［D］obscureinnetAccordingtothesecondparagraph,JackLindsayfirmlybelieves［A］thegloomydestinyofhisowncountry［B］thefunctionofliteratureasa［C］hisresponsibilityasanEnglishman［D］hisextraordinarypositioninItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph［A］thewarledtotheultimateunionofallEnglish［B］JackLindsaywaslessandlesspopularin［C］JackLindsayfocusedexclusivelyondomestic［D］theradicalwritersweregreatlyinfluencedbytheAccordingtothetext,thespeech ofthe［A］demonstratestheauthor’sownviewoflife［B］showsthepopularviewofJack［C］offerstheauthor’sopinionofJackLindsay［D］indicatesJackLindsay’schangeofText2TheWallStreetJournalhascontinuedastheworld’smostcrediblenewssourceandonethatrefusedtoconformtothepassingprejudiceanderrorofthejournalisticherd.NaturallytheJournalreceivesongoingabusefromtheherdforitsdistressingindependence.Yet,rarelyisthecriticismstraightforwardbutratheranassaultontheconservatismoftheJournal’seditorialpage,whichstrikesconformistjournalistsasaninsultandistherealcauseoftheherd’sdistress.RatherthecriticismfocusesontheJournal’sbottomline,itssluggishshareprice,andrumorsthatthefamilycontrollingthepr,theBancroftfamily,isunhappyandabouttosellit.TherumorsoftheBancrofts’unhappinessareallhighlyexaggeratedandquicklyrefuted.Forthisproudfamilywhoseancestor,ClarenceW.Barron,purchasedtheJournalandwithittheDowJonesnewsservicein1902conceivesofitsownershipasa“publictrust.”ThatishowRoyA.Hammer,alawyerandtrusteefortheentitiesthroughwhichtheBancroftscontrolthepr,describedtheirsenseofownership.Thisisnotsounusual.GreatnewsprshavealwaysplayedamajorroleinAmericanciviclife.Isaid“greatnewsprs,”seriousnewsprs,thekindthatputgatheringnewsaheadofsensationalism.Mostofthetrulyprofitablenewsprsinthecountrytodayareessentiallyshopcircularswithsomecheapjournalismprintedonthosepagesnotdevotedtoshopmallsales.Thegreatnewsprchainstakeoverlocalprs,firejournalists,andsetouttofilltheirpageswithstillmoreadvertisements.Well,theysupplyaservice.Theyletreadersknowabouttheprice,say,ofchickenattheGiantorsnowtiresattheCVS.Butfewerandfewerlocalnewsprssupplymuchnewsandysis.Greatnews-prsdo,andnotonethatIknowofmakesavastamountofGreatnewsprsdohelptosetndaforthenation.Theybreakstoriesofcorruptionoronothervitalmatters.OneofthefewthingsIfindadmirableabouttheNewYorkTimesisthatitscontrollingfamily,theSulzbergerfamily,isnotintentonsqueezingeverypennyofprofitoutofitsflagshippr.ThuslastweekwhenIreadalongcritiqueintheTimesoftheWallStreetJournal’smanagementforitssluggishfinancialperformance,Idiscoveredhypocrisy.Thehypocrisyisallthegreatercomingfromliberalswhoarecriticizingconservativesfortheirallegeddevotionthe“AlmightyDollar.”Profitsareessentialtoallbusinesses.Foronethingtheyareaveryaccuratepollofthepopulace’stastes,butthereareotherservicessomecorporationssupplytosociety.BoththeJournalandtheTimessupply—attoohighacost—informationthatenlightensthecitizenry.［464words］Thejournalisticherd’sdistressiscausedbytheWallStreetJournal’s［A］credibility［B］ ［C］ ［D］TheBancroftfamilypurchasedtheWallStreetJournal［A］sellitforahigherprice［B］promotetheDowJonesnews［C］dominatethegreat rschains［D］influenceAmericancivicItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatgreat rs［A］havetoengageinaformof［B］makeabiggerprofitthanlocal ［C］supplymuchnews ［D］refusetoaccepttheerrorofthejournalisticTheauthorsays“Idiscoveredhypocrisy”(Lastline,paragraph4),because［A］theTimeswasinvolvedincorruption［B］theTimes ingprofit-［C］theTimeswasattackingtheJournal［D］theJournalwasinfinancialTheauthorseemstobelievethatallthe rs［A］maxmizetheprofit［B］satisfythepublic’s［C］providesocialservices［D］informthereadersatahighcostText307.8Domobilephonescauseexplosionsatpetrolstations?ThatquestionhasjustbeenexhaustivelyansweredbyAdamBurgess,aresearcherattheUniversityofKent,inEngland.Oddly,however,Dr.Burgessisnotaphysicist,butasociologist.Fortheconcernrestsnotonscientificevidenceofanydanger,butisinsteadtheresultofsociologicalfactors:itisanurbanmyth,supportedandpropagatedbyofficialsources,butnolessamythforthat.DrBurgesspresentedhisfindingsthisweekattheannualconferenceoftheBritishSociologicalAssociation.Mobilephonesstartedto ewidespreadinthelate1980s,whentheoilindustrywasinthemiddleofaconcertedsafetydrive,DrBurgessnotes.Thiswas,inlargepart,aresponsetothePiperAlphadisasterin1988,when167peoplediedinanexplosiononanoilplatformofftheScottishcoast.Thesafetydrivedidnotapplymerelytooffshoreoperations:employeesatsome panyofficesarenowrequiredtousehandrailswhilewalkingupanddownstairs,forexample.Sonobodyquestionedtheprecautionarybanontheuseofmobilephonesatpetrolstations.Theworrywasthatanelectricalsparkmightigniteexplosivefumes.Bythelate1990s,however,phonemakershavingconductedtheirownresearchrealisedthattherewasnodangerofphonescausingexplosionssincetheycouldnotgeneratetherequiredsparks.Butitwastoolate.Themythhadtakenhold.Oneproblem,saysDrBurgess,isthatthenumberofpetrol-stationfiresincreasedinthelate1990s,justasmobilephoneswereproliferating.RichardCoates,BP’sfire-safetyadviser,investigatedmanyofthe243suchfiresthatoccurredaroundtheworldbetween1993and2004.Heconcludedthatmostwereindeedcausedbysparksignitingpetrolvapour,butthesparksthemselvesweretheresultofstaticelectricity,noectricalequipment.Mostdriverswillhaveexperiencedamildelectricshockwhenclimbingoutoftheirvehicles.Itiscausedbyfrictionbetweendriverandseat,withtheresultthatbothendupelectricallycharged.Whenthetouchesthemetalframeofthevehicle,theresultissometimesaAfurthercomplicationwastheriseoftheinternet,wherehoaxmemos,manyclaimingtooriginatefromoilcompanies,warnedofthedangerofusingmobilephonesinpetrolstations.Sugenerallyexplainstaticfiresquiteaccuray,butmistakenlyattributethemtomobilephones.Officialdenials,saysDrBurgess,simplyinflamethesuspicionsofconspiracytheorists.Despitethelackofevidencethatmobilephonescancauseexplosions,bansremaininplacearoundtheworld,thoughtherulesvarywidely.ForDrBurgess,suchconcernsarepartofabroaderpatternofuneaseaboutmobilephones.Thereisacuriousdiscrepancy,henotes,betweenthewaythatsuchphoneshave eindispensable,andthefactthattheyarealsovaguelyconsideredtobedangerous.Thesafetyofmobilephoneswouldappeartobenotsomuchtheprovinceofthehardscienceofphysics,asofthesoftscienceofsociology.［516words］TheauthorwritesaboutthePiperAlphadisasterto［A］whenmobilephonesbecamewidely-［B］howthemythofcausedexplosionwas［C］whyoilindustrydevelopstrictsafety［D］whatisusuallyresponsibleforoilWhichofthefollowinghascontributedtothesuspicionthatmobilephonesarenot［A］ThelackofresponsefromPhonemanufacturers.［B］Increaseinthenumberof［C］Misinformationspreadovertheinternet.［D］OfficialefforttodisguisetheAccordingtotheexperts,explosionsatpetrolstations［A］wereinfactnotcausedbysparks［B］wereunrelatedtoelectrical［C］resultedfromvehicledrivers’carelessness［D］shouldbethefocusofsociologyinsteadofphysicsWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothe［A］Dr.Burgesspresentedscientificevidenceformobilephone［B］Theauthoritiesdeniedthepossibilitythatmobilephonescausean［C］Mostcountriesbantheuseofmobilephonesatpetrol［D］ManyexpertsagreethatitissensibletolimittheuseofThetextintendstoexpresstheideathat［A］thedebateoverthesafetyofmobilephoneshaslittletodowith［B］thereiscurrentlynoscientificevidencetosuggesttheriskofmobile［C］thereisnoevidencethatscanstartgasstation［D］manyfactorscontributetothedebateoverthesafetyofmobilephonesText406.8Positivesurprisesfromernmentreportsonretailsales,industrialproduction,andhousinginthepastfewmonthsareleadingeconomiststorevisetheirrealgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)forecastsupwardsupportingthenotionthattherecessionendedinDecemberorJanuary.Bearinmind:Thisrecoverywon’thavethevitalitynormallyassociatedwithanupturn.EconomistsnowexpectrealGDPgrowthofabout1.5inthequarter.That’sbetterthanthe0.4theconsensusprojectedinDecember,butmuchoftheadditionalgrowthwillcomefromaslowerpaceofinventorydrawdowns,notfromsurgingdemand.Moreover,theeconomywon’tgrowfastenoughtohelpthelabormarketsmuch.TheonlygoodnewsthereisthatjoblesshavefallenbackfromtheireafterSeptember11andthattheircurrentlevelsuggeststhepaceoflayoffsiseasing.TherecoveryalsodoesnotmeantheFederalReservewillraiseinterestratessoon.Thepriceindexesshowthatinflationremainstame.Consequently,theFedcantakeitstimeshiftingmonetarypolicyfromextreme modationtorelativeneutrality.PerhapsthebestnewsfromthelatesteconomicreportswastheJanuarydataonindustrialproduction.Totaloutputfellonly0.1,itsbestshowingsinceJuly.Factoryoutputwasflat,alsothebestperformanceinsixmonths.Thosenumbersmaynotsoundencouraging,butmanufacturershavebeeninrecessionsincelate2000.Thedatasuggestthatthefactorysectorisfindingabottomfromwhichtostartitsrecovery.Productionofconsumergoods,forinstance,isalmostbackuptowhereitwasayearago.That’sbecauseconsumerdemandformotorvehiclesandothergoodsandthehousingindustryremainedhealthyduringtherecession,andtheyarestillgrowinginearly2002.Besides,boththemonthlyhomebuildingstartsnumberandthehousingmarketindexforthepasttwomonthsarerunningabovetheaveragesforallof2001,suggestingthathome-buildingisofftoagoodstartandprobablywon’tbebigdragonGDPgrowththisyear.Equallyimportanttotheoutlookishowthesolidhousingmarketwillhelpdemandforhome-relatedgoodsandservices.Traditionally,consumersbuythebulkoftheirfurniture,electronics,andtextileswithinayearofpurchasingtheirhomes.Thus,spendingonsuchitemswilldowellthisyear,evenascarsalesslipnowthatincentivesarelessattractive.Lookfortheoutputofconsumergoodstotopyear-agolevelincomingmonths.Eventhebusinessequipmentsectorseemstohavebottomedout.Itsoutputrose0.4%inJanuary,ledbya0.6%jumpcomputergear.Apickupinordersforcapitalgoodsinthefourthquartersuggeststhatproductionwillkeepincreasing—althoughatarelaxedpace—incoming［468Americaneconomistsaresurprisedtosee［A］theyhavetorevisetheGDPforecastsso［B］ ernmentisannouncingofa［C］USeconomyisshowingsomesignsofan［D］GDPgrowthreflectsstrongerdomesticThemostencouragingfactabouttheUSeconomyisthat［A］employmentrateshaverisenfasterthan［B］theFederalReservewillraiseinterestrates［C］industrialproductionisreachingitslowest［D］someeconomicsectors eleadingOfwhichofthefollowingdidtheauthorprovideaguardedlyoptimistic［A］GDPgrowth.［B］Thenumberof［C］Priceindexes.［D］OutputofconsumerWhichofthefollowingistheguaranteeofabetterfutureforUS［A］Motorvehicles.［B］Housing［C］Businessequipment.［D］ComputerWhichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheU.S.economicsituation［A］Americaneconomistsarepaintingagloomy［B］Itisslowlywarmingupwithmoderate［C］Recessionmaycomebackanytimeinthecoming［D］MostsectorsarepickingupatasurprisinglyfastPartB06.8Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions21-25,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points).Freetimeisn’tinthevocabularyofBritishDivers’MarineLifeRescueteams;onefairlynormalweekendrecentlyspilledoverintothreeweeks,asasealmoveturnedintoamajordolphinTofindabeachedandstrandeddolphinisararity;tonurseonebackfromthebrinkofdeath,andreintroduceitintothewild,isalmostunheardof.OnlytwocaseshaveoccurredinBritain,themostrecentofwhichinvolvedarescueteamfromBritishDivers’MarineLifeRescue.Theystartedtheweekendtryingtorelocatea9ftbullsealandfinisheditfightingtosaveadolphin’slifeaftertheSeaLifeCentreonthesouthcoasthadinformedthemthatadolphinwasbeachednearBournemouth.Thedolphinwasfoundbyalady,whomusthaveheardthemessage linganyonewhofounditwhattodo.Theanimalwaskeptwetanditsblowholeclean.MarkStevensoftherescueteamsays:“Thedolphinwouldhavecertainlybeeninaworsecondition,ifnotdead,ifthatladyhadn’tknownwhattodo.”“Ican’tthankthosepeopleenough.Thewomanevengaveusherlemonadesowecouldhaveamuch-neededdrink.TheSeaLifeCentrehadhastilymovedseverallargesharksfrom,andthedolphinwasdulyBy1a.m.theteamwererunningoutofenergyandneededmorehelp.Butwheredoyoufindvolunteersatthattimeofnight?Markknewofonlyoneplaceandcalledhisfriendsatthelocaldivecentre.Theteamallowedthephotographersinforafewminutesatatime,notwantingtostressthecreaturetoomuch.Theyhadtowalkafinelinebetweenhighlightingtheanimal’sordealandbeingdetrimentaltoitshealth.HowastripeddolphingotstrandedinMudefordisn’tclearbecausetheyareprimarilyanocean-going,ratherthananinshorespecies.Theoriessuggestthathewaschuckedoutofhispod(groupofdolphins)forsomereasonand,maybechasingfishorattractedbythesoundscomingfromtheMudefordwaterfestival,wanderedintothebaybyaccident.Ittookseveraldaysbeforethedolphinwascomfortableenoughtofeeditself—inthemeithadtobetube-fed.Fishwasmashedupandforceddownatubeinsertedintothedolphin’sstomach.It’snotaniceprocedure,butwithoutitthedolphinwouldhavedied.Eventuallyhestartedtofeedandrespondtotreatment.Hishealthimprovedsomuchthatitwasdecidedtoreleasehim,andonTuesday,24thAugust,aboatcarriedthedolphinoutpasttheheadlandneartheSeaLifeCentre.Therelease,thankfully,wentwithoutahitch;thedolphinhungaroundtheareaforawhilebeforeheadingouttosea.that ofanothersuccessfuloperation.［507［A］Heactuallystartedtoyingwiththeteamandtryingtogainattention.Hewouldincreasehisheartrateandshowdistresssoateammemberhadtoquicklysuituptocheckhimover.Butasenteredthepool,hisheartratereturnedto［B］Itislargebuthasonlyasmallopeningso,oncein,gettingoutisn’teasy.Theboatsattheeventwouldhavepanickedthecreatureanditendedupbeached,batteredanddrainedofenergy.［C］Thestoryactuallyappearedinseveralnationalnewsprsaswellasthelocalpress.PublicityisveryimportantforcharitiesliketheMarineLifeRescue,providingpreciousexposurewhichpleasesthesponsorcompaniesandhighlightstheteam’swork.［D］Luckthenseemedtobeontheteam’ewhenadouble-glazingvan-driverstoppedinvestigate.ThedriverofferedhisservicestotransportthedolphinbacktotheSeaLifeCentreandaladyspectatavetheteamabrandnewcoolerboxtostorevaluablewatertokeepthedolphin［E］However,bythetimetheyarrived,thedolphinhadstartedtoswimunsupported.ThepresspickeduponthestoryanddescendedontheSeaLifeCentrewantingstories,picturesandanyinformationtheycouldgetholdof.Andtheywantedaname.Markandtheotherteammembershadahastythinkandcameupwithaname.［F］Nowthebattletosaveitslifecouldbegin,butatransportationproblemarose.HowdogetagrowndolphinbacktotheSeaLifeCentrewithoutavehiclebig［G］Thecreaturewassoweakenedbytheordealthatitcouldnotevenkeepitselfafloatandhadtobewalkedinthetostopitfromjustsinkingtothebottomanddrowning.Mostpeoplecanonlywalkadolphinforaround20minutestohalfanhour.Holdinga150kganimalawayfromyourbodyandwalkingthroughwateratseatemperaturesapsyourstrength.PartC07.8ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)Thoughusuallyunintendedandoftenunrecognized,muchofbehavioralscienceisavalue-ladenenterprise.（26）Researchquestionsthatareregardedasappropriateorsensibleataparticularpointintimeareusuallysituatedwithinamatrixofculturalbeliefsoftenwidelyacceptedwithinthedominantpopulationatlarge,butcertainlywithinthescientificcommunitymorespecifically.Theissueoffatherhoodisacaseinpoint.Fatherhoodisaculturalconstruction,andonceformulatedithasimplicationsforthesubsequentbehaviorofthosewhosharethebeliefsandassumptionsdefiningthatconstruction.（27）TheissuehereistounderstandthemeaningscommonlyassociatedintheUnitedStatestheconceptsoffather,fatherhood,andfatheringandtorecognizetheconstraintsthatareimplicitlyplacedonone’sbehaviorsasaresultofacceptingthesemeanings(i.e.,culturalconstruction)asbeingtrue.Ofcourse,tounderstandfullytheculturalconstructionoffatherhood,onemustalsounderstanditscounterpoint,motherhood.Andonemustalsounderstandthatbothconstructionsareinfluencedbyculturalconceptionsofmasculinityandfemininity.（28）Itisnotourintentionhere,however,todisentanglethemazeofmeaningsandbehavioralimplicationsofalloftheseconceptionsandrelationships,butmerelytoacknowledgethattheyexist.FornowwewantonlytodwellontheculturalmeaningoffatherhoodinAmericainrelationtomotherhoodandexploretheimplicationsofthisconceptionforbehavioralscienceresearchonparent-childFormostAmericans,theconceptsfather,fatherhood,andfatheringappeartoconnotevery sofbehaviorandaffectfromtheconceptsmother,motherhood,and（29）Semantically,theculturalconstructionof“fathering,”forexample,impliesnothingaboutfatherloveasdoestderizedequivalentofmotherlovethatiscontainedsemanticallyintheconstruct“mothering.”Thewordmotheringelicits,formany,awarm,fuzzy,nurturedfeeling,whereasthetermfatheringelicitsfeelingsofsomethingstronger,colder,harder,andlessaffectionate.Thetermfatherloveisnotusedineverydaydiscourse,butmotherloveis.Eventhephrase“fatherlove”soundsstrangetosome,yetmanyfeelcomfortedby“motherlove”.Popularliteratureisfilledwithreferencestobothmotheringandparentingwhenreferringtocaregiving.Butthetermfatheringisalmostneverusedinthiscontext.Whenused,thetermistypicallyfoundinthecontextofthequestion“Whobegotwhom?”Eventder-neutraltermparentisusedorinterpretedasbeingsynonymouswithmother.（30）Andwehavefoundinourteachingthatstudents—includingadvancedgraduatestudents—oftenmisreadandevenmishearthetermpaternalasbeingparental,whichisthensometimestranslatedasmaternal/mother.［455现在的问题是要理解这些含义，在它们通常与父亲、父性、父亲角色等概念联系在种潜在的。当然现在的目的只是承认它们的存在，而不是要区分所有这些概念以及关系的各种而且，在教学中也发现学生们——包括那些高级也经常将“父亲的”这个词本文主要介绍了杰克·第二段：介绍了主义的世界观对他创作的影响。第述了杰克·林德萨写作态度的几次变化。［A］有创造性的［B］多产的［C］好深思的［D］归纳总结［精解］B本题考查推理引申。文章首段提出“杰克·林德萨创作了大约四十部小prolific与［B］productive杰克·林德萨的对于他在文学领域里的成功的影响［A］完全是的［B］是有限的但不可缺少［C］［D］［精解］答案C本题考查事实细节。原文中第二段段首，从1916年起，杰克·林德萨一直持有主义的世界观如果没有其他因素的话恰是这种世界观确保了杰克林德萨的小说在现代英国文坛上拥有不大但是肯定不可忽视的地位”就此可以看出，马克思主义的对于他的成功有着正面的影响，应选［C［A］他自己国家悲惨运［B］文学作为的功［C］［D］［精解］答案B本题考查事实细节。第二段中部，杰克·林德萨感觉到“历史小说作（limitless，从本文最后一段，可以推出［A］导致所有英国作家的最终联合［B］杰克·林德萨在英国越来越不受欢［C］杰克·林德萨只关注国内事务［D］激进作家受到的很大影［精解］答案D本题考查推理引申。该段首句“尽管造成了20世纪最初十年中on［A］［B［A］［B］·［C］·林德萨的观点［D］·［精解］D本题考查推理引申。最后一段主要围绕杰克·林德萨写作态度的变化展开论述。该段“战后，他的写作题材转向现代，但一度留于（didacticism，后来终觉悟。文章最后了他小说中主人公的一番话，该主人公带着绝望的语气说道“什么都得改，这样的生活过不下去了，但是我该如何改变这一切呢？”引文之后，文章又总结到，杰克·林德萨作为一名艺术家，不再给出问题的具体答案。故［D］［B （11 ）disintegration(12)epithet杰克·40部小说，若干戏剧，大量诗歌，1930Kickens的研“历史小说作为一种战斗和一种文化，其未来的作用不可限量，他首次尝试把自己的主义观点写入了一系列主要以历史为背景的小说中，尤其是的英国小说并且用杰克·林德萨自己的话说，试图证明它代表了“民族命运的真正。尽管造成了20世纪最初十年的文动实际上的，杰克·林德萨还在继续战斗，并在《要回家》和《之外》两部作品中探索了当时的事件。在这两部小说中，以前专属于的资本家和法国士兵的称号未加修饰地转用到了德国上。战后，林德萨1993年以《背叛的春天》开始的《英国的路》这一系列作品集中，看起来好像他的解决方法就是地依靠作家式的处理和笨拙的。幸运的是，从《儿子的他赋予作品主人公的也仅仅是最基本的政治觉悟。因此在他的当代小说（看起来也是最后的一部《时间的抉择》中，主人公在结尾处带着绝望的语气说道“什么都得改，这样的生活过不下去了，但是我该如何改变这一切呢？”值得赞扬的是，杰克·林德第四段《》对《华尔街日报》财政状况的批评是一种。［A］度［B］偏见［C］因循守旧［D］专业特［精解］Cconservatism班克罗夫特收购《华尔街日报》的目的是［A］以更高的价格出售［B］促进道琼斯服［C］控制大的报业［D］影响公民的生［精解］答案D本题考查推理引申。第二段提到，班克罗夫特因其祖先收购《华尔琼斯服务与《华尔街日报》同时被收购，但两者之间并无联系［B］项排除［A］［C］［A］不得不参与耸人听闻的［B］比地方报纸赢利［C］提供较多和分析［D］接受群体的错［精解］答案Chypocrisy［A］《》卷入了［B］《》变得追逐利［C］《》在《华尔街日报［D］《华尔街日报》陷入财政困［精解］B本题考查推理引申。对句子的理解依赖上下文。第四段第一、二句提到，大报纸帮助国家安排议程，如等。该段第三句提到《》这个大报纸，其令人钦佩的一点是并不完全以赢利为目的。第四句接着，因此当我读到其对《华尔街日报》疲软的财政状况的批评时，我发现了。因此这里的“”指的是《》［A］［B］［C］［D］［精解］答案C本题考查作者观点。第五段首句提到，地来自声称热爱“万能的美金”的派批评保守派。接着作者给出了自己的观点：利润很重要，它准确地反映了大众的品味。但是机构需要提供社会服务。因此作者的是［A］项，支持的是［C］显然，作者并不希望所有的机构都不赢利［D］项不正确。c(4)ongoing(10)ownership(1）passing(6)strikesbas向了日报的基本原则它疲软的股价以及控制日报的班克罗夫特不悦并即将出售它的传伦于1902年收购了该日报和道琼斯服务而骄傲的班克罗夫特，设想自己成为“要的作用。我说的是“大报纸，是严肃的报纸，那一类把收集看做比耸人听闻的的填充版面。它们也提供服务：让读者了解“巨人”牌鸡肉或者CVS的雪地防滑轮胎佩的一点是：控制该报纸的苏兹贝格没有致力于从它的旗舰报纸中榨取每一美分的利时，我发现了。这种地来自派批评保守派，因为他们声称热爱“万能的美金。对于所有企业是需要机构提供给社会的《报》和《》都以过高的代价提供启迪公民的信息。本文主要围绕的安全性展开论述第一段：社会学家引起是一个都市。第二、三段：分析这个得到的历史原因。第五段：网络是导致得到的另一个原因。第六段：总结，的安全性是社会学领域的问题［A］何时得到广泛使用［B］引起的是如何形成［C］［D］［精解］答案C本题考查写作目的题。由第二段第一句可知，开始普及与石油行业的安全运动恰好同时进行。第二句紧接上文，这场安全运动很大程度上是由帕波阿尔法恶性事故的。这里作者提到“帕波阿尔法恶性事故”是为了说明石油行业开展安全运动的原因，因此［C］正确。第三、四句，由于这场安全运动波及范围广，制定了非常严格的安全规定，因此关于在使用的安全性规定也就很容易地们接受了。因此“石油行业的安全运动”才是“传言”得以的历史背景［B］和该事故［A以下哪一项促使人们怀疑的安全性［A］制造商没有反应［B］数量的增加［C］因特网上散布的传言［D］试图掩盖事实［精解］答案C本题考查推理引申题。第五段，由于网络上性备忘录的出现，使有关的变得更为复杂，因此可知［C］是促使人们怀疑安全性的因一。［A］错在thelackof，由第三段可知，生产者并不是没有反应，而是反应得太晚，无［B］偷梁换柱，为错误项［D］具有干扰性，因为第五段末句提到，的否认只会加剧理论家的怀疑。但对这句话的理解要联系上文。上文论述“网络的，最后一句接着“否认备忘录中有关引起火灾的说法，只会加剧怀疑。这里否认［根据所说，发生的［A］［B］［C］是由车辆的粗心所致［D］应该是社会学而非物理学关注的对［精解］答案B本题考查具体细节题。第四段第三句提到的结论是，大部分火灾确［A［C末句中的“移动的安全问题”偷换成“的，前者才可能是社会学而非物理［D［A］伯吉斯博士为的安全性提供了科学［B］否认引起的可能性［C］大多数国家在使用［D］许多认为限制的使用是合理的［精解］答案C本题考查具体细节题。由第六段首句可知，使用的禁令在全［A［B［A］对安全性的辩论与物理学无［B］目前没有说明性的科学［C］没有证明能够引起的火［D］许多因素导致现在对安全性展开辩［精解］答案A本题考查文章主旨题。本文主要围绕的安全性展开论述。第一段指发说法的物理学理论，因此［A］才是作者想要表达的主要观点［A］正确。(5)hoax(7)inplace(6)inflame(4)myth(2)offshore(3)takehold(1)propagate(8)：能在引起吗？关于这一问题英格兰肯特大学的一位研究者亚当·伯吉斯,已因为这一关注不是基于有关任何的科学证明，而是社会学因素造成的结果爆：士在英国社会学的年会上了他的发现。油公司的雇员现在连上下楼梯都被要求抓住扶手因此没有人会质疑在不允许使用的禁令。人们所担忧的是电火花可能会引燃性气体。不存在引起的。但是这时已为时已晚，不真实的传言已经开来。数量也在激增。英国石油公司的防火安全顾问理查德·寇茨对全世界年至年之间发生的起火灾事故进行了大量的了。他的结论说，其中大部分火灾确实是由火花引了电。当接触到汽车的金属部分时，有时就会产生火花。录警告人们在使用移动的通常此类备忘录会对静电如何引起火灾进行精确的解释，但是却误将其原因归咎于移动。伯吉斯博士说“如果对此予以否认，只会加剧理论家的怀疑。尽管缺少证明能够引起，有关禁令却在全世界盛行，不过其具体规则存在很大差异。对伯吉斯博士来说，这种忧虑是对移动感到不安的广泛表现形式中的一种。他说在移动已经不可缺少的现状和它们被模模糊糊地认为存在的事实之间有一种奇怪的。移动的安全性似乎与其说是硬科学中物理学领域的问题，不如说是软科学本文是一篇介绍经济复苏的文章。全文以将对国民生产总值的上调为引子，对经济形势进行了分析。第一段：报告带来的意外惊喜使对国民生产总值的上调GDP的增长原因、经济对劳动市场的影响、美联储提高利率的措施进行分析，目前经济形势不容过分乐观，因为它并没有飞速发展。第五段至第九段：作者通过介绍各个部门生产的发展，经济已经在缓慢复苏［A］他们不得不频繁地修改生产［B］在经济期的结［C］经济显示出好转的迹象［D］国民生产总值的增长反应了国内需求的增［精解］C本题考查对第一、二段理解的事实细节题。第一段是一句话段落，其主干结构是positivesurprises...leadeconomiststo...supportingthenotionthat...。该段提到报告带来的意外惊喜使将对国民生产总值的上调，从而支持了经济期已在12项由第一段可知只报导了各个领域经济发展的好势头而未宣布经济期的终止排除［B］but转折后提到，但是（GDP）增长部分主要是因为存货提用的速度减缓，而不是需求的增长（surgingdemand，由此排除［D］项。［A］［B］［C］［D］险金人数在9·11事件后达到的期开始回落，现在的水平表明失业的速度（thepaceof（easing［A］中最好的消息来自1月份工业生产的数据。末句对予以说明：数据表明工业生产部门的产量正在达到，复苏即将开始［C］项是对该句的改写，是正确选项。文中虽然提到［A］［B］［C］［D］通常经济好转所具有的。因此作者对GDP的增长是持保守态度的。tame下面哪一个是经济更好未来的保障［A］汽车［B］市场［C］办公设备［D］电脑设住宅建筑和市场相关数据都在整个2001年的平均数以上。这表明住宅建筑有了好的开始，可能不会成为今年GDP增长的累赘。第八段提到，稳固的市场可以刺激对房屋相脑设备0.6%的涨幅在1月上升了0.4%。概括而言，汽车是消费者需求的对象，办公设备和下面哪一个最好的概括了当前的经济形势［A］正在描绘一幅令人沮丧的景［B］［C］可能在未来几个月中的任何时候重［D］美联储提高利率的措施都持有谨慎的乐观态度。但是作者也失业的速度有所缓和