中考英语语法被动语态课件

中考英语语法-被动语态掌握被动语态需要了解的知识点第一：被动语态的概念和具体适用情况第二：被动语态的结构第三：被动语态动词过去分词变化形式

（规则变化和不规则变化形式）第四：被动语态需要提前掌握各种动词时态第五：被动语态需要注意的几种特殊情况第六：不用被动语态的几种情况导入英语动词有两种语态：

主动语态

(theActiveVoice)

被动语态(thePassiveVoice)A.主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。B.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。Weplantedtheflower.Theflowerwasplantedbyus.使用被动语态的情况

一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：Tabletennisisplayedallovertheworld．

二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：Mycarwasstolenlastnight．我的车昨晚被盗了。

三、中文中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouseand……ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知……Itiswellknownthat…据推测说……Itissupposedthat…四、中文中含有“被”、“由”等词时。例如：TinaisaskedtocomebyPaul．Tina是被Paul叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：HewasborninOctober，1989．

被动语态构成：Be动词+过去分词时态被动语态的时态通过be动词的变化体现。be动词可变形式：amisare/waswere/willbe/shallbe/havebeen/hasbeen/hadbeen/mustbeandetc.WespeakChinese.主语谓语宾语Chinese

is

spoken

byus.主语谓语宾语主动语态被动语态Wecleanedthemeetingroomyesterday.

昨天我们打扫了会议室。Themeetingroomwascleanedbyusyesterday.昨天会议室被我们打扫了。1.规则动词的过去分词：1)一般情况在动词原形后加-edwatch---watched2)以不发音e结尾的加-dpractice---practiced3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-edstudy---studied4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-edstop---stopped2.不规则动词的过去分词：amisarebeenhavehashaddodonewritewrittengogone更多变化参考课本附表动词被动语态对比中文以及变化方法:被动语态结构:

be+过去分词（及物动词）被动语态是英语动词的一种特殊形式.中文往往用“被”“受”“给”等词来表示被动意义.主动语态变为被动语态的方法:1.主动句中的宾语变成被动句的主语.2.主动句中的谓语动词变成被动句的

be+过去分词.3.主动句中的主语变成被动句

by

的宾语,放在谓语动词后面.如果不强调动作执行者时,by短语可省略.

ManypeoplespeakChinese.Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.被动语态的各种时态变化结构和例句:一般现在时am,is,are+

过去分词

Childrenoftensingthesong.Thesongisoftensungbychildren.一般过去时was,were+

过去分词

APLAmansavedhim.HewassavedbyaPLAman.一般将来时willbe,shallbe+

过去分词

Theywilltakehertothehospital.Shewillbetakentothehospital.情态动词

+be+过去分词

Wemustcleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroommustbecleanedeveryday.时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时am/is/are+donewas/were+doneShall\willbe+done情态动词+be+done常用被动语态时态表格汇总过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时wouldbe+donehave/hasbeen+

donehadbeen+

done现在进行时过去进行时was/werebeing+doneam/is/arebeing+done更多时态被动变化表格拓展ChangethefollowingsentencesintothePassivevoice:1.PeoplespeakEnglishallovertheworld.

Englishisspokenallovertheworldbypeople.2.Shewashesherhandsbeforelunch.

Herhandsarewashedbeforelunch.3.DoChinesepeopleplanttreeseveryspring.

AretreesplantedbyChinesepeopleeveryspring.4.Hisauntdoesn’toftenplaytabletennis.

Tabletennis

isn’toftenplayedbyhisaunt..1.Iborrowedthisbookfromthelibrarylastweekend.

Thisbookwasborrowedfromthelibrarylastweekend.2.Thepolicemencaughtfourthieveslastnight.Fourthieveswerecaughtbythepolicemenlastnight.3.Ididn’tbuyaEnglishdictionary.

AnEnglihsdictionarywasn’tboughtbyme.4.Didyoubringaumbrella?

Wasaumbrellabroughtbyyou?1.HewillstudyEnglishwell.Englishwillbestudiedwellbyhim.2.Willyoucleanyourclassroom?

Will

yourclassroombecleanedbyyou?3.Iwon’twritetomygrandpathisevening.Mygrandpawon’tbewrittentothiseveningbyme.4.Thenursewilltakecareofthechildren.Thechildrenwillbetakencareofbythenurse.1.Wemusttakecareofthebooksinthelibrary.

Thebooksmustbetakencareofinthelibrary.2.Youmayfindthiskindoftreeseverywhere.

Thiskindoftreesmaybefoundeverywhere.3.Youcan’tseethestarsinthedaytime.

Thestarscan’tbeseeninthedaytime.4.Mustwehandinourcompositionstomorrow?

Must

ourcompositions

behandedintomorrow?1.Theboyiswearinganewcoat.

Anewcoatisbeingwornbytheboy.2.Thegirlsaremakingmodelships.

Modelshipsarebeingmade

bythegirls.3.Hehasalreadydonetheexercises.

Theexerciseshavealreadybeendonebyhim.4.Myclassmateshaveputontheplay.

Theplayhasbeenputonbymyclassmates.主动语态变成被动语态时要注意以下几点:1.含有双宾语的主动句变成被动句时,可以将其中一个宾语变为主语,另一个不动.一般把间接宾语变为主语.

如:Marygavemeapen.IwasgivenapenbyMary.

如果把直接宾语变为主语,则在间接宾语前加“to\for”

如:ApenwasgiventomebyMary.2.含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时,将其中的宾语变为主语,宾补不变.

如:Weaskedhimtospeakatthemeeting.Hewasaskedtospeakatthemeeting.

3.如果主动句中的谓语是短语动词,变为被动句时,短语动词的介词或副词不可以丢掉.

如:Theytookgoodcareoftheboys.Theboysweretakengoodcareof.

4.在“let,make,see,hear,notice,watch,feel”

等动词后面做宾语补足语的动词不定式不带“to”,但改成被动句时应加上“to”.

如:Thedoctormademestayinbedforthreedays.Iwasmadetostayinbedforthreedaysbythedoctor.1.Hetellsusastoryeveryevening.

Wearetoldastorybyhimeveryevening.Astoryistoldtousbyhimeveryevening.2.Heboughtme

anewbikeyesterday.

Iwasboughtanewbikeyesterday.Anewbikewasboughtformeyesterday.3.Willhetakehissistertothepark?

Willhissisterbetakentotheparkbyhim?4.Heislookingforthelostkey.

Thelostkeyisbeinglookedforbyhim.5.Thebossmadehimdotheheavywork.

Hewasmadetodothehomework(bytheboss).6.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.

HeisoftenheardtoplaytheguitarAtrafficaccident________(happen)justnow.happened2.连系动词（Link.v.)

如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,become…PekingOpera________(sound)beautiful.sounds3.当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候:Thepen_________(write)veryfast.writesThiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.sells1.不及物动词（vi.)

如:happen,takeplace,appear,dissapear,…不用被动语态的动词：1.Largenumbersofplasticbags_________(use)inthesupermarketseveryday.2._____ourcountry____(send)upanotherman-madesatellitelastyear?3.Musttheoldpeople___________(speak)topolitely?4.Hergrandmawasstillalivewhenhe_________(take)tothehospital.5.English__________(speak)inmanycounties.areusedDidsendbespokenwastakenisspoken6.Threequartersoftheworld’sbooks____________(write)inEnglish.8.Thiskindofsweater_______(sell)well.10._________Lesson50___________(teach)nextweek?arewrittensellsWillbetaught7.Thepen______(write)well.writes9.Thisbook________(sell)tomeatthepriceof5dollarsyesterday.was

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