教案2016课件-英语reading cloning and

Cloning?beidenticalto/with与…一样Acloneisananimalorplantproducednaturallyorartificiallyfromthecellsofanotheranimalorplantandisexactlythesameasit.Cloningisaway

ofmakinganexactcopy

ofanotheranimalorplant.TheclonehasthesameDNAastheparent.What’scloning?AppreciationofaclipofStepsinCloningaGeneThecloningofplantsissimpleandrelativelyeasy.Itcanbedonebytakingcuttings(man-madecloning)orlettingtheplantproduceitsownrunners(naturalcloning).

Thecloningofanimalsismorecomplicated.Itwasnotachieveduntil1996.1996年，sheepDolly/clonedfromamatureanimalcells

2000年

/Americanresearchers/differentwayfromcloningSheepDolly/MonkeyTetra

2001年·cloninghumansesaheateddiscussionTocloneornottocloneReadandfinish1.exe.4Findouttheparagraphs2.exe.5onPage65ListentoP1~P3:WhatisDNA?Enzyme?Hostcell?DescribesomethingaboutthediscoveryofthestructureofDNA.DNAatransparenttwistingladdermadeofthefundamentalcomponentsoflife.EnzymesHediscoveredaproceduretouseenzymeschemicalsformedinthebody--tounziptheDNAandcutout

asequenceofgenes,andfinallytoinsertthemintothehostcellandcombinewithitsDNA.删除，去掉植入，插入寄主细胞一系列，一连串ThediscoveryofthestructureofDNA.1.(P1)It’scertainlytruethatin1953,twoscientistsdiscoveredthestructureoftheacidDNA.(P3)Butit’snowcertainthatnocloneisanexactcopybecauseofdifferencesinexperiencesandupbringing.2.(P1)Itwasin1866thatMendelfirstrecordedtheresultsofgrowingpeaplants.某事是很确定无疑的geneticmake-up遗传组合ReadP4~P7Fourreasonsforcloning&theirdisadvantagesAlthoughcontroversial,therearemanyvalidreasonstodoso.形容词作状语1)Advantage:AnoptionaltreatmentforcoupleswithoutchildrenDisadvantage:underunknownpsychologicalpressure处在压力下2.Advantage:reproducethetalentsofexceptionalhumanbeings.Disadvantage:tochooseapathinlifewhichiscontradictorytotheone

theoriginalEinsteinchose.Hemayevenpossessnewvicesinsteadofexistingvirtues!与..相反，矛盾3.Advantage:toobtainasupplyofstemcellstohelpcuredisease,etc.Disadvantage:somevoluntarycodeofpractice执行的规则

amongscientistsmustbeagreed.

4.Advantage:behandytoclone,forexample,aprizecowwhichcanresistbacteria,ortosowaclonedcropwhichcanresistrot.Disadvantage:restrictthebiodiversityofthebreed.插入语很棒的牛P8Thelatestresearch____DNAhashelpedsolvecrimes____analysingthesuspect’ssalivawhichtheyspit____acrimesceneorthedirt_____oAresearchonsth.某方面的研究underatbyLanguagepoints:1.Acloneisanorganismwhichisgeneticallyidenticaltoanotherone.Weareidentical

toeachotherinourviewsofwhatshouldbedone.

beidenticaltosb.insth.某方面与某人是同一的；同样的identifyv.鉴定，识别，认同identifysb/sthassb/sth把…看成…identifysthwithsth认为某事物与某事物等同幸福和财富不能混为一谈。2)她把那个男人认成了他的兄弟。Sheidentifiedthemanasherbrother.Wecan’tidentifyhappinesswithwealth.

1)Therebelarmyresistedthepolice.

3)Ahealthypersonoffersmoreresistancetodiseasethanaweakperson.Resist

抵抗,防御叛军与警察对抗。resistancen.

（不可数）(与to连用)resistantadj2)“经得住；不屈从”,常用于否定句。Jillcouldn’tresistmakingjokesabouthisboldness.吉尔忍不住拿他的秃顶开玩笑。导学案Grammar1判断对现在还是过去虚拟。1.IwishIhadnotcreatedthiscreature.2.IwishIwasontheothersideoftheworld.3.IwishIcoulddisappear!4.IwishIhadnotdonethisterriblething.5.IwishIwasdead!presentsituationpresentsituationpresentsituationpastsituationpastsituationFunctionSb.wish(that)+从句对现在的情况表示遗憾时,从句用一般过去时,对过去的情况表示遗憾时,从句用过去完成时对将来的情况表示虚拟，从句则用过去式的情态动词。(could/would等)e.g.我的弟弟要是不这么懒惰就好了。我要是没犯这么个大错误就好了。

Iwishmybrotherweren’tsolazy.IwishthatI

hadnotmadesuchaterriblemistake.be动词常用were/was补充：在“wouldrather”后的宾语从句中有两种情况：

e.g.1.Don’talwaysmakenoise.I’dratheryoukeptsilent.

2.Sheisalwayssayingthatshehasn’tboughtagoodbook.I’drathershehadboughtagoodbook.“一般过去时”表示现在或将来要做的事情。had+done(过去完成时)谈到过去的动作Finishexe1&2Homework1.Writethreesentencesaboutpresentsituationsthatyouwouldliketobedifferent.Use“Iwish…/wouldrather”e.g.I’mnotverygoodatScience.IwishIwasbetteratScience.

2.Writethreesentencesaboutpastsituationsthatyouwouldliketobedifferent.Use“Iwish…/wouldrather”e.g.Ididn’tgetverygoodgradesformyexamslastterm.IwishIhadworkedharder.

Grammar2“if”条件从句中用于虚拟语气有三种情况

主句谓语形式从句谓语形式与现在事实相反would(should,could,might)+动词原形过去式(be的过去式常用were)与过去事实相反would(should,could,might)+have+过去分词had+过去分词与将来事实相反would(should,could,might)+动词原形过去式或用wereto(should)+动词原形e.g.1IfIwereyou,Iwouldagreewithhim.

2IfIhadstudiedhardbefore,Iwouldhavegonetothekeyuniversity.3Ifitwerenot/shouldnotbefinetomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.如果我是你，我将同意他的意见。（但我不是你）如果我过去努力学习的话，我会考上重点大学的。（但我没有努力学习）如果明天下雨，我们就不去爬山了。(假设明天是晴天，我们就去。）FinishP62exe1&3&41.for2.of3.had