新编剑桥商务英语(高级)第三版2.1

新编剑桥商务英语(高级)第三版2.1新编剑桥商务英语(高级)第三版2.1新编剑桥商务英语(高级)第三版2.1新编剑桥商务英语(高级)第三版2.1编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:GrowingthecompanyPartsofacompany1Doyouthinkthisquotationistrueallbusiness‘Ithinkthatourfundamentalbeliefisthatforusgrowthisawayoflifeandwehavetogrowatalltimes’.MukeshAmbani,chairmanofRelianceIndustries2Readthisentryfromacompanywebsiteandusethesewordstolabelthedigram.SubsidiaryheadquarterssalesofficesWarehouseR&DdivisionmainplanWearebasedinLaDefense,thebusinessdistrictofPairs,andnewproductsaredevelopednearbyatourlabsinStDense.OurprincipalmanufacturingfacilityisjustoutsideLilleandproductsgofromtheretobeacentaldistributionpointatsalesagenciescoverthevariousregionsofFrancewithinternationalofficesinFrankfurt,MilanandMadrid.TheLondonofficesisrunbyourUKsubsidiary.3Whatisthediffidencebetweenthefollowingwordsandphrases1asalesofficeandasubsidiary2awarehouseandaplant3theheadquartersandadivisionGrowthStrategy4Findasynonymintheboxofeachoftheunderlinedwords.GopublicselloffsetupgooutofbusinessexpandTakeovermakeredundantshutdown1WeacquiredEverforceLtdin2005.2Ourtargetistogrowthebusinessby15%eachyear.3Wecreatedasubsidiarytosellafter-salesservice.4ThecompanywillbelistedontheStockExchangenextyear.5Theywentbankruptlastyear.6Welaid300employeesoffinJune.7Afteralotofdiscussionwedecidedtoclosedtheplant.8Wehavedivestedoursharesinthelogisticcompany.5Whatisthediffidencebetweenthefollowingexpressions1Layingpeopleoffandfiringthem2takingoveracompanyandmergingwithit3organicgrowthandnon-organicgrowth6SAPandOraclearetheworld’sleadingcompaniesinprovidingthesoftwaresolutionsforbusiness.Buttheirbusinessstrategiesareverydiffident.ReadthetextaboutSAP’Sgrowthstrategy.Choosethebestsentencesfromthelist(A-H)belowthecompleteeachgap(1-6).Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.SAPcompeteswith‘organicgrowth’HowdoyoustayatthetopoftheheapinthebusinesssoftwaregameIfyou’reSAP,youdoitthrough‘organicgrowth’,notblockbusteracquisitions.ThatistheworldfromSAPCEOHenningKagermann.(0)HThesecond-beststrategyisacquisition:Kagermannsaid.‘Thebestistheorganicgrowth.Wearenotjustdoingtheorganicgrowthbecausewehavenootherchoice.ThecommentisaimedsquarelyatrivalOracleCorp;whichspentnearly$20billionbetween2004and2006expandingitscoredatabasebusinessintotheSAP-dominatedbusinessapplicationsmarket.(1).‘Wearethemarketleader,’hesaid.’It’sonsurprisethatadistantnumber-twoplayerwantstocatchu.’SAPwassetupin1972byfiveformerIBMemployees.(2).Althoughithasagrowingnumberofsubsidiary,therearecomplementstoitsmainactivities,asShaiAgassi,president’softhecompany’sProductsandtechnologyGroupexplain,atthesametimehavingadirectdigatOracle.Thekeydiffidencebetweenthetwocompanies,hesays,liesinOracle’stendencyto‘acquireanindustrysolutionthatisattheheart’.‘whenwedoanacquisition,it’tattheedgeofthesolutions.(3)Oracleisbuyinghalfbodypartsandtryingtomakeabodyoutofit.’Infact,AgassiexpectsSPAtogrowfasterthantherestoftheindustrythisyear-15%to17%insalesofnewsoftwarelicences-throughinternalinnovationandsmall-scaleacquisition.(4).SAPusedtoconcentrateonlargebusinesscustomers,butincreasinglypursuingsalesinthemarket,astrategythatbeganin2000.(5).ThecompanyexceptstofinishdevelopmentofthemySAPsuitewithinthenextfouryears,aswellasitsEnterpriseServicesAchitecture(ESA).ESAisbasicallyaplatformthatwillallowSAPtoprovideconsistentbusinessservicesaroundit,inmuchthesamewayasMicrosofthasbuiltapplicationsarounditssuccessfuloperatingsystems.Amongthecompany’sothergoalsisthedevelopmentofhundredsofadditionalservicesforthemySAPsuite,aso-called‘ecosystems’ofsupportivetechnologies.‘Businessinthefutureisnotbusinessinanenterprise,‘Kagermannsays.’It’sbusinessinanecosystem.(6).Wetrytoinviteotherswithgreatideastoinnovateontheplatform.’ExamSuccessAInfact,itexpectssalestocompanieswithfewerthan25,000makesurethattheemployeestoaccountfornearlyhalfSAP’stotalsoftwarephraseyouchoosefitssalesthisyear.grammaticallyandinBTheyrecentlyannouncedtheyhadpurchasedVirsaSystem,meaning,bothwithaprivatelyheldsupplierofregulatorycompliancesoftware.thesentencebeforeCYoujustcan’tdoeverythingyourselfifyouwanttoremainandthesentenceafter.Competitive.ReadthewholetextDCompetitioninthemarketisfierceandonlythebigplayersbacktoyourselfatwillsurvive.theend.ESincethen,ithasevolvedfromasmall,regionalenterpriseintotheglobalmarketleaderinERPsoftware,employingmorethan34,000people.FKagermannwasunimpressedwithOracle’sappetiteforbig,Headline-grabbingacquisition(PeopleSoftSiebelSystem).GThatisdifferentfrombuyinghalfofaheart.HHemadethecommentswhilehewastalkingwithreportersLastweekduringhiscompany’sannualDeveloperKickoffMeetinginBurlingame,7SummarisethegrowthstrategiesofSAPandOracle.WhatisthekeytoSAP’slonger-termstrategyPasttenses1StudytheseextractsfromthetextaboutSAPonpage17.Nameeachunderlinetenses(pastsimple,pastcontinuous,pastperfect,presentperfectorusedto)Saywhatyouknowabouteachtense’suseandwhyyouthinkitisusedhere.1Hemadethecommentswhilehewastalkingwithreporterslastweek.2SAPwassetupin1972byfineformerIBMemployees.3Sincethen,ithasevolvedfromasmall,regionalenterpriseintotheglobalmarketleader.4TheyrecentlyannouncedtheyhadpurchasedVirsaSystem.5SAPusedtoconcentrateonlargebusinesscustomers,butisincreasinglypursuingsalesinthemidmarket.6it’sstrategythatbeganin2000.2Youreceivethisinternalemail.Followtheinstructionit.HiDeniseBelowistheshortcompanyhistoryI’vewrittenforthe‘Aboutus’entryontheEnglishpageofthenewwebsite.Ithinkit’sgenerallyOKbutI’msounconfidentaboutmyuseoftensesinEnglishthatI’vejustlefttheverbsintheinfinitive!CanyouputthemintherightformandsenditbackThanksandsorryforbeingsouseless!BrigitteThisistheunusualofRaincoatSoftware,acompanythat(1)(come)intobeingaccidentallybecauseofthehobbyofoneman,HansMeier.In1998Hans(2)(work)asacomputerprogrammerforalargebankinZurich.Buthe(3)(be)restless.Eacheveninghe(4)(return)homeand,justforfun,(5)(hack)intoofficialwebsitesonhispersonalcomputer(notthebank’s,ofcourse!).Thedayafterhe(6)(hack)ontoaparticularlysensitiveUSgovernmentwebsite,he(7)(receive)anemailfromthem.Fearingthatwouldtheendofhiscareerasahackatthebank,he(8)(open)it.It(9)(be)arequestfromtheUSgovernment,askingifhe(10)(want)ajobasasecurityadvisor.Ratherthantakingajobasagovernmentemployee,HansMeier(11)(see)theopportunitytomakeasuccessfulbusinessoutofacomputersecurityprotection.RaincoatSoftware(12)(be)born.Sincethen,thecompany(13)(employ)over50‘securityexpert’-inotherwords,peoplewriteasimilarbackgroundtoourfounder.We(14)(help)over300largecompaniesandgovernmentdepartmentsandarenowa$100millionayearbusiness.ButdidtheUSgovernmentthinkit(15)(take)ariskbyemployingHansMeierallthoseyearsagoTheanswerthey(16)(give)thenisstillthecompany’smottotoday:’Bettersafethansorry’.Writeaboutthepast3writeashortpiece(100wordsapprox)aboutaturningpointinyourlife,workorstudies:amomentwhenyoudecidetopursueadifferentroutefromtheoneyouhaduptothatpoint.Usethefollowingtohelpyou.1Whatyouweredoingbeforethat2Whathappentochangeyourlife/3Whathappennext4Whathappenswhencompaniesmergeoracquireothercompanieslookatthetablebelowandmakenotes.OpportunitiesthreatsEmployeesShareholdersCustomersSuppliers5InDecember2009Oracle,theworld'ssecondlargestbusinesssoftwareapplicationsprovider,tookoverPeopleSoft,thethirdlargest.ReadtheletterthattheCEOofPeopleSoft,DaveDuffield,wrotetohisemployees.1Doeshethinkthetakeoverwillbenefitemployeesornot2Whichoftheseadjectivesbestdescribeshisfeelingsaboutthetakeoverbitter/resigned/angryThisisasaddayforme,andI'msure;anequallysaddayforyou.ItisnowclearthatOraclewillacquireourcompany.Overthepastfewweeks,ourindependentdirectorsmetwithindividualstockholderstogettheirviews.WeweretoldduringtheseconversationsthattheybelieveOracle's$24wasn'tadequateanddidnotreflectpeopleSoft'srealvalue.Itbecomecleartousthatthevastmajorityofourstockholderswouldaccept$andOraclewaswillingtopayforit.Youshouldknow,andIhopeyouwouldexpect,thatIamdeeplysaddenedbythisoutcome.Wehavecomesofarundersuchtryingcircumstancesoverthepasteighteenmonths,andespeciallythepasttwoandahall'months.PeopleSofthadgainedsignificantmomentuminallareasofourcompany,includingwithcustomers,prospects,andinthefinancialcommunity.Overthenextfewweeks,wewillbeworkingwithOracletoensurethatyougetanswerstoasmanyquestionsaspossiblethatyouhave.IbelievesomeofyouwillfindinterestingopportunitiesatOracle,otherswilltakeyourtalentsandworkelsewheretheareathatyoulive,whileanothergroupmayhavedifficultiesfindingrewardingjobexperiences.ItistothislastgroupthatIoffermysincerestapologiesfornotfiguringoutadifferentconclusiontoour18-monthsaga.Iknowitislittlecomfort,butIamextraordinarilyproudofwhatwehaveaccomplishedoverthepast17一plusyears,andlongerinthecaseofJDIamevenprouderofyouforyourperseveranceandteamworkoverthepasteighteenmonths.Imakeafinalthatistocontinueourworkwithourheadsheldhigh.Whetherit'sservingcustomers,buildingproductsorworkingoninternaloperations,1'eopleSoftandthepeopleatpeopleSofthavebuilttheirreputationasacompanywithclass.Sincerely,DaveThepeoplesofttakeover1Listentotwoaccountsofthetakeoverbyacommentatorandanindustryanalyst,bothclosetothetakeover.Whatarethemaindifferencesintheworkingenvironmentandthewayemployeeswererewardedatthetwocompanies2Listenagainandanswerthequestions.Poreachquestion(1-6),markoneletter(A,BorC)forthecorrectanswer.1WhatissaidabouthowconsultantsaredeployedinbigITconsultingcompaniesATheyaregivenjobswithalotofresponsibility.BTheyareoftenexpectedtolearnonthejob.CTheyonlyworkonprojectswheretheyhaveprovenexperience.2WhatdoesthecommentatorsayaboutsalariesatPeopleSoftAAtleastthecompanywasopenaboutitspaypolicy.BTheywereatthemarketrateforthejob.CTheywereunacceptablylow.3HowdidemployeesfeelabouttheirCEO,DaveDuffieldAThatherespectedthemandlookedafterthem.BThathewasreadytoleavethecompany.CThathedevelopedgoodsoftwareapplications.4WhatdoesthecommentatorimplyhappenedafterthemergerAThecompany'sreputationsufferedBPeoplegrewtorespectthenewCEOCAlotofpeoplelosttheirjobs.5Howdoestheindustryanalystdefendthecompany'sgrowthstrategyAHesayssizeisveryimportantinthisindustry.BIfOraclehadn'ttakenoverPeopleSoft,someoneelsewouldhave.CHesaysitwillmakethemthebiggestcompanyinthesector.6HowdoesheexplainthedifferencesincompanycultureAThetwoCEOshadadifferentphilosophy.BThetwocompanieswereinvolvedindifferenttypesofbusiness.CTherewasnorealdifference.AprasereleaseYouworkinthepressofficeofaninsurancecompanythathasrecentlytakenoveranothercompany.Sincethetake-overtherehavebeensomenegativereportsaboutit.Youdecidetoputoutapressrelease.Includethefollowingpoints.·Explainthebusinessreasonsforthetake-over(tocompetewithotherbiginsurancecompanies;torationalisestaffing)·Expressyourenthusiasmaboutthefutureopportunitiesforthemergedcompany.·Thankalltheemployeesfortheirsupport.·Reassurepeoplethattherewon'tbemajorjobcuts.Beginlikethis:PRESSRELEASEInsureCOLastmonthInsureCowaspleasedtoannouncetheacquisitionofABCInsurance.Thenewcompanybringstogethertwoleadinginsuranceproviderstoformtheworld'sthirdlargestinsurancecompany…4ReadthisextractfromanarticleinBusinessStrategymagazine.WheredothesefourtypesoforganisationbelonginthetextstockbrokersrestaurantsoilcompaniesbanksorganisationalcultureRapidfeedbackandLowriskHighriskRewardWork-hard,play-hardTough-guymachoSlowfeedbackandculturecultureRewardProcesscultureBet-the-companycultureAofattemptshavebeenmadetocategorisetheorganisationandcultureofdifferentcompanies,butonlytwothingsseemcertain:1)thatmanydifferentculturesandtypesoforganisationcanexistwithineachcompany一and2)thattheactivityandsectorplayacrucialroleindetermininghowworkisorganised.DealandKennedyrecognisedthiswhentheyproposedfourdifferenttypesoforganisationalculture:Work-hard,play一hardculturetendstoapplytocompanieslikesoftwaredevelopersor(1)whichneedtoreactquicklytochangingcircumstancesandfoworkofahightempo.Creativityoftenplaysanimportantpartintheirworksotheytendtobeorganisedinaproject-basedwaygroupingpeopleinteamstosolveparticulartasks.Tough一guymachocultureconcentratespoweraroundkeypersonnel,butitwi