2022年考研考博-工商管理硕士（MBA）-考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号87

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-工商管理硕士（MBA）-考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Howseriouslyshouldparenttakekid’sopinionswhensearchingforahome?

Inchoosinganewhome,CamilleMeClain’skidshaveasingledemand:abackyard.

ThatseeminglyreasonablerequestturnedtheChicagofamily’shomehuntupsidedown,asthereweren’tmanythree-bedroomapartmentsontheNorthSide—wherethefamilywaslooking—thatcamewithyardspace.Still,McClainandherhusbandchosetohonortheir4-and6-year-old’srequest.

“Weworkedwithafewapartmentbrokers,anditwasstrangethatmanyofthemdidn’tevenknowiftherewasoutdoorspace,sothey’dbringustoanapartment.We’dseethatitdidn’thaveayard,andwe’dmoveon,”saidMcClain,whorunsMerryMusicMakersinLakeview,abusinessfocusedonmusiceducationforchildren.

McClain’slittleonesaren’ttheonlykidswhohaveanopinionwhenitcomestohousing,andinmanycasesyoungsters’viewsweighheavilyonparents’realestatedecisions,accordingtoa2018HarrisPollsurveyofmorethan2,000U.S.adults.

Renterspaidattentiontotheirkids’preferencesevenmore:83percentsaidtheirchildren’sopinionswillbeafactorwhentheybuyahome.

Theideaofinvolvingchildreninabigdecisionisagreatideabecauseitcanhelpthemfeelasenseofcontrolandownershipinwhatcanbeanoverwhelmingprocess,saidRyanHooper,clinicalpsychologistinChicago.

“Childrenmayfaceseriousdifficultiesincopingwithsignificantmoves,especiallyifitremovesthemfromtheircurrentschoolorsupportsystem,”hesaid.

Youngerchildrenshouldfeellikethey’rechoosingtheirhome—withoutactuallygettingachoiceinthematter,saidAdamBailey,realestateattorneybasedinNewYorkandauthoroftheupcomingchildren’sbookHome,aboutthesearchfortheperfecthomefromtheviewpointofachild.

Askingthemquestionsaboutwhattheylikeaboutthebackyardofapotentialhome—oraskingthemwheretheirtoyswouldgointhehouse—willmakethemfeellikethey’rebeingincludedinthedecision-makingprocess,Baileysaid.

Manyoftheaspectsofhomebuyingaren’taconsiderationforchildren,saidTraceyHampson,arealestateagentbasedinSantaClarita,Calif.Andplacingtoomuchemphasisontheiropinionscanruinafantastichomepurchase.

Shehasaclientwhohasbeenhouse-huntingforawhile,andhealwaysaskshisyoungchildrentheiropinion.Butwhenthisbuyerfinallydecidedtowriteanofferonahomewithapool,hischildrenburstintotearsbecausetheydidn’twantapool.

“Theyendedupnotsubmittinganoffer,”Hampsonsaid.“Sospeakingwithyourchildrenbeforeyoumakearealestatedecisioniswise,butIwouldn’tbasethepurchasingdecisionsolelyontheiropinions.”

Theotherissueisthatmanychildren—especiallyolderones—maybasetheirrealestateknowledgeonHGTVshows,whichtendtofocusonsuperficialaspectsofrealestate,saidAaronNorrisofTheNorrisGroupinRiverside,Calif.

“TheyloveChipandJulieGainesjustasmuchastherestofus,”hesaid.“HGTVhasseriouslychangedhowpeopleviewrealestate.It’snotshelter,it’salifestyle.Withthatmindsetchangecomessomeseriousmoneyconsequences.”

Kidstendtogetstuckinthefeaturesandtheimmediatebenefitstothempersonally,Norrissaid.Andwhiletheiropinionsonthoseelementsshouldn’treignsupreme,thehomebuyingprocesscouldbeatimetostarttalkingtokidsaboutmoney,budgeting,homeownershipandotherfinancialdecisions.

Parentsalsoneedtoremindtheirchildrenthattheirneedsanddesiresmaychangeovertime,saidJulieGurner,arealestateanalystwithFitSmallB.

“Theiropinionscanchangetomorrow，”Gumersaid.“Harshasitmaybetosay,thatdecisionshouldlikelynotbemadecontingentonachild’sopinions,butrathermadeforthemwithgreatconsiderationintowhathomecanmeettheirneedsbest—andgivethemanopportunitytocustomizeitabitandmakeittheirown.”

Thisadviceismorerelevantnowthaneverbefore,evenasmoreparentswanttoembracetheideasoftheirchildren,despitethecurrenthousingcrunch.

Today,wanna-behomebuyershavetobemoreopenwhenitcomestomust-havesandwhatyoucancompromiseon,Hampsonsaid.

Andspeakingofcompromise:TheMcClainkids,hungryforoutdoorspace,fellinlovewithahomeintheNorthParkneighborhoodthathadalargeyard.Butitwasn’tidealbytheirparents’standards.

ThefamilyendeduprentingahouseinNorthCenterthathadasmalleryard,butitwasstillbigenoughforplaytime.

“IhadtodoabitofasalesjobwiththekidssincetheylovedtheyardinNorthPark,”McClainsaid.“Butthere’sahammocktheyloungeon,aspottojumprope,aplacetoplayinthesprinkler,andanareatowritewithsidewalkchalk.”

1.RyanHopper（

）

2.AdamBailey（

）

3.TraceyHampson（

）

4.AaronNorris（

）

5.JulieGamer（

）

问题1选项

A.notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.

B.believesthathomebuyingshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.

C.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.

D.remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.

E.saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.

F.advisethathomepurchaseshouldnotbebasedonlyonchidren’sopinions.

G.thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.

问题2选项

A.notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.

B.believesthathomebuyingshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.

C.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.

D.remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.

E.saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.

F.advisethathomepurchaseshouldnotbebasedonlyonchidren’sopinions.

G.thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.

问题3选项

A.notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.

B.believesthathomebuyingshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.

C.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.

D.remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.

E.saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.

F.advisethathomepurchaseshouldnotbebasedonlyonchidren’sopinions.

G.thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.

问题4选项

A.notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.

B.believesthathomebuyingshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.

C.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.

D.remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.

E.saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.

F.advisethathomepurchaseshouldnotbebasedonlyonchidren’sopinions.

G.thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.

问题5选项

A.notesthataspectslikechildren’sfriendsandsocialactivitiesshouldbeconsidereduponhomebuying.

B.believesthathomebuyingshouldbebasedonchildren’sneedsratherthantheiropinions.

C.assumesthatmanychildren’sviewsonrealestateareinfluencedbythemedia.

D.remarksthatsignificantmovesmayposechallengestochildren.

E.saysthatitiswisetoleavekidsinthedarkaboutrealestatedecisions.

F.advisethathomepurchaseshouldnotbebasedonlyonchidren’sopinions.

G.thinksthatchildrenshouldbegivenasenseofinvolvementinhomebuyingdecisions.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:G

第3题:F

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.由RyanHooper定位到文章第五段和第六段。第六段引用了RyanHooper说的“Childrenmayfaceseriousdifficultiesincopingwithsignificantmoves,especiallyifitremovesthemfromtheircurrentschoolorsupportsystem”,其中significantmoves和children都在D选项中出现，childrenmayfaceseriousdifficulties与D选项中mayposechallengestochildren信息对等，因此D选项正确。

2.由AdamBailey定位到文章第八段和第九段。第九段说到Adam的观点“Askingthemquestionsaboutwhattheylikeaboutthebackyardofapotentialhome—oraskingthemwheretheirtoyswouldgointhehouse—willmakethemfeellikethey’rebeingincludedinthedecision-makingprocess”，问他们喜欢潜在家庭的后院是什么，或者问他们的玩具会放在家里的什么地方，会让他们觉得自己也参与了决策过程，这里的最后一句与G选项的asenseofinvolvementinhome-buyingdecisions同义，因此G选项正确。

3.TraceyHampson出现在文章第十段、第十一段和第十二段。第十一段直接引用了Tracey的话“Sospeakingwithyourchildrenbeforeyoumakearealestatedecisioniswise,butIwouldn’tbasethepurchasingdecisionsolelyontheiropinions”,其中wouldn’tbasethepurchasingdecisionsolelyontheiropinions“不会仅仅根据他们的意见来做出购买决定”与F选项“建议买房不应该只是基于孩子的意见”相符合。因此F选项正确。

4.由AaronNorris定位到文章第十三段、十四段和第十五段。十三段开头说到“Theotherissueisthatmanychildren---especiallyolderones---maybasetheirrealestateknowledgeonHGTVshows…”，可知“另一个问题是，许多孩子——尤其是年龄较大的孩子——可能会把他们的房地产知识建立在HGTV节目上”，其中，base…onHGTV与C选项"假设许多孩子对房地产的看法受到媒体的影响"符合。因此C选项正确。

5.JulieGumer出现在文章第十六段和十七段。第十七段中说到Gurner的观点“thatdecisionshouldlikelynotbemadecontingentonachild’sopinions,butrathermadeforthemwithgreatconsiderationintowhathomecanmeettheirneedsbest…”其中decisionshouldlikelynotbemadecontingentonachild’sopinions,butrathermadeforthemwithgreatconsiderationintowhathomecanmeettheirneedsbest"决定不应该取决于孩子的意见，而应该为他们做出充分考虑什么家庭能最好地满足他们的需要"与B选项“认为买房应该基于孩子的需要而不是他们的意见”相符合，因此B选项正确。

2.单选题

Thepoorcountriesareextremely（

）tointernationaleconomicfluctuations.

问题1选项

A.inclined

B.vulnerable

C.attracted

D.reduced

【答案】A

3.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.

Afifthgradergetsahomeworkassignmenttoselecthisfuturecareerpathfromalistofoccupations.Heticks“astronaut”butquicklyadds“scientist”tothelistandselectsitaswell.Theboyisconvincedthatifhereadsenough,hecanexploreasmanycareerpathsashelikes.Andsohereads—everythingfromencyclopediastosciencefictionnovels.Hereadssopassionatelythathisparentshavetoinstitutea“noreadingpolicy”atthedinnertable.

ThatboywasBillGates,andhehasn'tstoppedreadingyet—notevenafterbecomingoneofthemostsuccessfulpeopleontheplanet.Nowadays,hisreadingmaterialhaschangedfromsciencefictionandreferencebooks:recently,herevealedthathereadsatleast50nonfictionbooksayear.Gateschoosesnonfictiontitlesbecausetheyexplainhowtheworldworks.“Eachbookopensupnewavenuesofknowledgetoexplore”,Gatessays.

【答案】一个五年级的学生收到一份家庭作业，要他从一系列职业中选择未来的职业道路。他勾选了宇航员，但很快又把科学家加到了名单上，并勾选了它。这个男孩相信，如果他读足够多的书，他可以探索他喜欢的任何职业道路。所以他什么都读，从百科全书到科幻小说。他对读书的执着令他的父母不得不规定，在餐桌上不准读书。

那个男孩就是比尔•盖茨，即使在成为这个星球上最成功的人之一之后，他也没有停止阅读。如今，他的阅读材料已经不再是科幻小说和工具类书籍了。最近，他透露自己一年内至少阅读50本非小说类书籍。因为这类书籍解释了世界是如何运作的。“每本书都开辟了探索知识的新途径。”盖茨说到。

4.单选题

Sincethe（

）ofhumanhistory,humanbeingshavebeenaskingquestionslike"Whatistheessenceoflife."

问题1选项

A.dusk

B.dust

C.twinkle

D.Dawn

【答案】D

5.单选题

About20ofthepassengerswhowereinjuredinaplanecrasharesaidtobein（

）condition.

问题1选项

A.decisive

B.urgent

C.vital

D.critical

【答案】C

6.单选题

Sixteendaysaftertheearthquake,40people,（

）intheirvillage,wererescued.

问题1选项

A.trapped

B.confined

C.enclosed

D.captured

【答案】B

7.单选题

Thepowerandambitionofthegiantsofthedigitaleconomyisastonishing—AmazonhasjustannouncedthepurchaseoftheupmarketgrocerychainWholeFoodsfor$13.5bn,buttwoyearsagoFacebookpaidevenmorethanthattoacquiretheWhatsAppmessagingservice,whichdoesn'thaveanyphysicalproductatall.WhatWhatsAppofferedFacebookwasanintricateandfinelydetailedwebofitsusers'friendshipsandsociallives.

FacebookpromisedtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlinkphonenumberstoFacebookidentities,butitbrokethepromisealmostassoonasthedealwentthrough.Evenwithoutknowingwhatwasinthemessages,theknowledgeofwhosentthemandtowhomwasenormouslyrevealingandstillcouldbe.Whatpoliticaljournalist,whatpartywhip,wouldnotwanttoknowthemakeupoftheWhatsAppgroupsinwhichTheresaMay'senemiesarecurrentlyplotting?ItmaybethatthevalueofWholeFoodstoAmazonisnotsomuchthe460shopsofowns,buttherecordsofwhichcustomershavepurchasedwhat.

Competitionlawappearstobetheonlywaytoaddresstheseimbalancesofpower.Butitisclumsy.Foronething,itisveryslowcomparedtothepaceofchangewithinthedigitaleconomy.Bythetimeaproblemhasbeenaddressedandremedieditmayhavevanishedinthemarketplace,tobereplacedbynewabusesofpower.Butthereisadeeperconceptualproblem,too.Competitionlawaspresentlyinterpreteddealswithfinancialdisadvantagetoconsumersandthisisnotobviouswhentheusersoftheseservicesdon'tpayforthem.Theusersoftheirservicesarenottheircustomers.Thatwouldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthem—andFacebookandGoogle,thetwovirtualgiants,dominatedigitaladvertisingtothedisadvantageofallothermediaandentertainmentcompanies.

Theproductthey'resellingisdata,andwe,theusers,convertourlivestodataforthebenefitofthedigitalgiants.Justassomeantsfarmthebugscalledaphidsforthehoneydewtheyproducewhentheyfeed,soGooglefarmsusforthedatathatourdigitallivesyield.Antskeeppredatoryinsectsawayfromwheretheiraphidsfeed;Gmailkeepsthespammersoutofourinboxes.Itdoesn’tfeellikeahumanordemocraticrelationship,evenifbothsidesbenefit.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,FacebookacquiredWhatsAppforits（

）.

2.LinkingphonenumberstoFacebookidentitiesmay

（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,competitionlaw

（

）.

4.CompetitionlawaspresentlyinterpretedcanhardlyprotectFacebookusersbecause

（

）.

5.Theantsanalogyisusedtoillustrate（

）.

问题1选项

A.digitalproducts

B.userinformation

C.physicalassets

D.qualityservice

问题2选项

A.worsenpoliticaldisputes

B.messupcustomerrecords

C.posearisktoFacebookusers

D.misleadtheEuropeancommission

问题3选项

A.shouldservethenewmarketpowers

B.mayworsentheeconomicimbalance

C.shouldnotprovidejustonelegalsolution

D.cannotkeeppacewiththechangingmarket

问题4选项

A.theyarenodefinedascustomers

B.theyarenotfinanciallyreliable

C.theseservicesaregenerallydigital

D.theservicesarepaidforbyadvertisers

问题5选项

A.awin-winbusinessmodelbetweendigitalgiants

B.atypicalcompetitionpatternamongdigitalgiants

C.thebenefitsprovidedfordigitalgiants'customers

D.therelationshipbetweendigitalgiantsandtheiruser

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。由关键词FacebookacquiredWhatsAppforits定位到文章第一段第一、二句，第二句说到“WhatWhatsAppofferedFacebookwasanintricateandfinelydetailedwebofitsusers'friendshipsandsociallives”，对比选项发现，C选项“用户信息”正是第二句的“detailedwebofitsusers'friendshipsandsociallives”。因此B选项符合题意。

2.判断推理题。由关键词“LinkingphonenumberstoFacebookidentities”定位到文章第二段首句“FacebookpromisedtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlinkphonenumberstoFacebookidentities,butitbrokethepromisealmostassoonasthedealwentthrough”，Facebook当时向欧盟委员会(Europeancommission)承诺，不会将电话号码与Facebook的身份联系起来，但几乎在交易达成后不久，它就违背了这一承诺。也就是Facebook上用户的信息被泄露了，C选项符合题意。

3.观点态度题。第三段提到了competitionlaw，并且整段内容都是评论分析competitionlaw。A选项信息对应第一句，句中提到“竞争法似乎成为解决这些不平等权利的唯一办法，但是此法案太过笨拙”，可知竞争法是用来约束或限制市场巨头的，并非服务于它们，排除A选项；B选项中的imbalance对应第一句的“imbalanceofpower”，但并不是economicbalance，排除B选项；C选项的justonelegalsolution来自第一句的“theonlywaytoaddress…”，但并非说“竞争法只提供一种洁具方法”，排除C选项；D选项对应第三句“Bythetimeaproblemhasbeenaddressedandremedieditmayhavevanishedinthemarketplace,tobereplacedbynewabusesofpower”，竞争法相比于数字经济的变化速度极为缓慢，也就是“无法跟上变化的市场”，D选项正确。

4.事实细节题。由题干定位到文章第三段第六句“Thatwouldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthem—andFacebookandGoogle,thetwovirtualgiants,dominatedigitaladvertisingtothedisadvantageofallothermediaandentertainmentcompanies”，这将是那些从他们那里购买广告的人——而Facebook和谷歌这两家虚拟巨头主宰着数字广告，对所有其他媒体和娱乐公司都不利。也就是说，用户只是脸书的免费使用者，而不属于消费者。因此A选项符合题意。

5.事实细节题。由theantsanalogy定位到文章第四段第2、3句，Justas说明这是讲蚂蚁与蚜虫的关系类比说明Google与用户的关系，Google其实就是digitalgiants，我们是users，因此D选项符合题意。

8.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.

ItiseasytounderestimateEnglishwriterJamesHeniot.Hehadsuchapleasant,readablestylethatmightbethoughtthatanyonecouldimitateit.HowmanytimeshaveIheardpeoplesay,“Icouldwriteabook.Ijusthaven’tthetime.”Easilysaid.Notsoeasilydone.JamesHerriot,contrarytopopularopiniondidnotfinditeasyinhisearlydaysof,asheputit,“havingagoatthewritinggame”.Whileheobviouslyhadanabundanceofnaturaltalent,thefinalpolishedworkthathehadtotheworldwastheresultofyearsofpracticing,re-writingandreading.Likethemajorityofauthors,hehadtosuffermanydisappointmentsandrejectionsalongtheway,butthesemadehimallthemoredeterminedtosucceed.Everythingheachievedinlifewasearnedthehardwayandhissuccessintheliteracyfieldwasnoexception.

【答案】人们很容易低估英国作家詹姆斯•亨里奥特。他的作品读起来令人愉悦且通俗易懂，容易让任何读到的人觉得可以模仿他的风格。常听人说，“我能写一本书，我只是没有时间。”这句话说的轻松，但要做到并不容易。据他自己所说，与大家相反的是，詹姆斯•赫里欧在他写作初期，“在写作游戏中尝试”并不容易。他显然极具天赋，但他给世人留下的最终的、精雕细琢的作品是多年练习、重写和阅读的结果。和大多数作家一样，他在写作的过程中经历了许多失望和也遭受了许多次拒绝，但这些都使他更加坚定了成功的决心。他一生中所取得的一切都是通过艰辛的努力换来的，他在文学领域的成功也不例外。

9.单选题

Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents—thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree—lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated“aparadox”inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas“continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”anachievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalScience.

Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.

Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegree.Mostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswithatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree.

Theirthesis—thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact—wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.

Manyfirst-generationstudents“struggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learnthe‘rulesofthegame,'andtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,”theywrite.Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdon'ttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents'educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove.

1.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas（

）.

2.Theauthorsoftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause

（

）.

3.Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents

（

）.

4.Theauthorofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudents

（

）.

5.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat（

）.

问题1选项

A.reducedtheirdropoutrates

B.narrowedtheachievementgap

C.misseditsoriginalpurpose

D.depressedcollegestudents

问题2选项

A.theproblemissolvable

B.theirapproachiscostless

C.therecruitingratehasincreased

D.theirfindingsappealtostudents

问题3选项

A.studyatprivateuniversities

B.arefromsingle-parentfamilies

C.areinneedoffinancialsupport

D.havefailedtheircollege

问题4选项

A.areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap

B.canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents

C.maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects

D.areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege

问题5选项

A.universitiesoftenrejectthecultureofthemiddle-class

B.studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresources

C.socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences

D.collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。题干关键词“Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudents”出现在文章第一段第三句，但这一行为的结果是在第四句“Thishascreated“aparadox”inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents…”this就是题干信息，后面说到aparadox“矛盾现象”：学生并未顺利完成学业，且与其他学生群体的学业差距也扩大了，与原本的设想或目的是相违背的。因此C选项符合题意。

2.事实细节题。出现在文章第二段“Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem…”，这篇文章（即作者）概述了一个可能的解决方案，也就是说，问题是可以解决的，A选项符合题意。

3.事实细节题。由题干关键词定位到文章第三段第三句“Mostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants…”，大多数第一代学生(59.1%)是佩尔助学金的获得者，后文解释说Pell助学金是专门用于资助经济困难的在校生的。也就是说大多数第一代大学生需要经济资助，这一点与C选项相符合。

4.观点态度题。文章作者对第一代大学生的态度体现在第四段首句“Theirthesis…wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents”,theview对应题干中的believe，可知这就是文章作者的观点，即“第一代大学生最缺乏的并非是潜力，而是如何应对大多数学生所面临问题的实践知识”。再分析选项发现，D选项“对处理大学中遇到的问题经验不足”符合文意。

5.判断推理题。因为没有明显的关键词可参考，本题可由选项一一返回原文最后一段去分析得出答案。A选项“大学通常排除中产阶级文化”对应最后一段首句，但这一句说到“themiddle-classcultureofhighereducation”，说明高等教育拥有的文化即“中产阶级文化”，因此不存在“排斥”，排除；B选项“学生通常应对自己资源的缺乏承担责任”，第一句出现了“takeadvantagesofcollegeresources”并未标明大学生缺乏资源，属于无中生有选项；C选项“社会阶层对丰富教育经历很有帮助”，对应第三句中“howsocialclasscanaffectstudents'educationalexperience”，但这个影响是好是坏并没明说，因此排除C选项；D选项“高校对所述问题应承担部分责任”对应第三句中出现的因果关系“BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents'educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove”，第一代大学生不能深刻理解……也不明白……原因在于高校不承认社会阶层如何影响教育经历，因此高校对所述是要付一定的责任的，因此D选项正确。

10.单选题

Asyoucanseebyyourself,things（

）tobeexactlyastheprofessorhadforeseen.

问题1选项

A.turnedin

B.turnedout

C.turnedup

D.turneddown

【答案】B

11.单选题

My（

）wouldreallytroublemeifIworeafurcoat.

问题1选项

A.consciousness

B.consequence

C.constitution

D.conscience

【答案】D

12.单选题

如果我们做到“三个确保”，即确保高致病性禽流感不通过车船等交通工具扩散传播；确保交通通畅，不得以防治为由阻断交通;确保防治禽流感的各种医疗设备、药品、疫苗等应急物品的及时、快速运输，那么高致病性禽流感就能得到防治。

如果上述断定为真，以下哪项就一定是真的？

问题1选项

A.如果高致病性禽流感不能得到防治，那么说明防治禽流感的应急物品没有及吋、快速运输。

B.如果高致病性禽流感不能得到防治，那么说明禽流感通过交通工具扩散传播了。

C.或者高致病性禽流感没有扩散，或者我们没有做到“三个确保”。

D.如果高致病性禽流感不能得到防治，那么说明我们没有确保交通通畅。

E.如果高致病性禽流感得到了防治，那么说明我们一定做到了三个确保。

【答案】C

13.单选题

Thoughoftenviewedasaproblemforwesternstates,thegrowingfrequencyofwildfiresisanationalconcernbecauseofitsimpactonfederaltaxdollars,saysProfessorMaxMoritz,aspecialistinfireecologyandmanagement.

In2015,theUSForestServiceforthefirsttimespentmorethanhalfofits$5.5billionannualbudgetfightingfires－nearlydoublethepercentageitspentonsuchefforts20yearsago.Ineffect,fewerfederalfundstodayaregoingtowardstheagency'sotherwork－suchasforestconservation,watershedandculturalresourcesmanagement,andinfrastructureupkeep－thataffectthelivesofallAmericans.

Anothernationwideconcerniswhetherpublicfundsfromotheragenciesaregoingintoconstructioninfire-pronedistricts.AsMoritzputsit,howoftenarefederaldollarsbuildinghomesthatarelikelytobelosttoawildfire?

“It’salreadyahugeproblemfromapublicexpenditureperspectiveforthewholecountry,”hesays.Weneedtotakeamagnifyingglasstothat.Like,“Waitaminute,isthisOK?”“Dowewantinsteadtoredirectthosefundstoconcentrateonlower-hazardpartsofthelandscape?”

SuchaviewwouldrequireacorrespondingshiftinthewayUSsocietytodayviewsfire,researcherssay.

Foronething,conversationsaboutwildfiresneedtobemoreinclusive.Overthepastdecade,thefocushasbeenonclimatechange－howthewarmingoftheEarthfromgreenhousegasesisleadingtoconditionsthatworsenfires.

Whileclimateisakeyelement,Moritzsays,itshouldn’tcomeattheexpenseoftherestoftheequation.

“Thehumansystemsandthelandscapesweliveonarelinked,andtheinteractionsgobothways,"hesays.Failingtorecognizethat,henotes,leadsto"anoverlysimplifiedviewofwhatthesolutionsmightbe.Ourperceptionoftheproblemandofwhatthesolutionisbecomesverylimited.”

Atthesametime,peoplecontinuetotreatfireasaneventthatneedstobewhollycontrolledandunleashedonlyoutofnecessity,saysProfessorBalchattheUniversityofColorado.Butacknowledgingfire'sinevitablepresenceinhumanlifeisanattitudecrucialtodevelopingthelaws,policies,andpracticesthatmakeitassafeaspossible,shesays.

“We’vedisconnectedourselvesfromlivingwithfire,”Balchsays.“Itisreallyimportanttounderstandandtryandteaseoutwhatisthehumanconnectionwithfiretoday.”

1.Morefrequentwildfireshavebecomeanationalconcernbecausein2015they（

）.

2.Moritzcallsfortheuseof"amagnifyingglass"to

（

）.

3.Whileadmittingthatclimateisakeyelement,Moritznotesthat

（

）.

4.TheoverlysimplifiedviewMoritzmentionsisaresultoffailingto

（

）.

5.ProfessorBalchpointsoutthatfireissomethingmanshould（

）.

问题1选项

A.exhaustedunprecedentedmanagementefforts

B.consumedarecord-highpercentageofbudget

C.severelydamagedtheecologyofwesternstates

D.causedahugeriseofinfrastructureexpenditure

问题2选项

A.raisemorefundsforfire-proneareas

B.avoidtheredirectionoffederalmoney