定语从句(附答案)

定语从句(附答案)定语从句(附答案)定语从句(附答案)V:1.0精细整理，仅供参考定语从句(附答案)日期：20xx年X月语法复习四：定语从句 （一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that,as2、关系副词：when,where,why关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首，主句先行词之后，起着连接先行词和从句的作用，同时在从句中又充当句子成分。.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.（关系代词who在从句中作主语） ThecomradewithwhomIcameknowsFrench.（whom在从句中作介词with的宾语）3、关系代词和关系副词的用法：1）当先行词为人时用who作主语，whom作宾语；2）当先行词为物或整个句子时用which，可作主语或宾语；3）先行词为人、物时用that，可作主语或宾语；4）whose用作定语，可指人或物；5）关系副词when（指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，where（指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语），why（指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语）。（二）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1、限制性定语从句：从句与主句关系密切，去掉从句，主句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。 .Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整） 2、非限制性定语从句：从句对先行词关系不密切，去掉定从句，意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开，不能that用引导。 .Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.（who引导非限制性定语从句，整个句子可分成两句来翻译）（三）使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题1、that与which的区别。1）用that而不用which的情况：①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,…；②先行词有最高级修饰，有序数词修饰；③先行词有only,very,any等词修饰；④先行词既有人又有物时。.Thereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingit.没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。 ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。 MrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatheknows.史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。2）用which而不用that的情况：①引导非限制性定语从句；②代表整个主句的意思；③介词+关系代词。.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。 Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.这是父亲去年居住过的房子。3）as引导定语从句时的用法①as引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesame…as,such…as结构中。.Iwantthesameshirtasmyfriend’s.我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。 SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。②as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.正如我所预料的那样，他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。3）as引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。.Hemadealongspeech,asweexpected. Hemadealongspeech,whichwasunexpected.②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。.Tomdrinksaloteveryday,whichhiswifedoesn’tlikeatall.2.关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。.ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.住在楼下的那个人英语说得很流利。 ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.3.定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。.ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.4.引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词+which”来代替。.October1,1949wasthedayonwhich(=when)thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.5.当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的固定短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定部分不要拆开。.Thesickmanwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.6.介词在关系代词前，只能用which和whom，且不能省略；介词在句尾，关系代词可有which,that,whom,口语中也可用who，且可省略。.Theman(whom/who/that)youweretalkingabouthascometoschool. 练习、定语从句一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：1.Thefanisonthedesk.Youwantit.2.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtourtextbookshereyesterday.3.Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.4.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon’tstudyhard.5.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.6.Theletterisfrommysister.Ireceivedityesterday.7.Theplaywaswonderful.Wesawitlastnight.8.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoNanning.9.Theboyismybrother.Hewashereaminuteago.10.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.11.Hereisthegirl.Herbrotherworksinthisshop.12.That’sthechild.Wewerelookingathisdrawingjustnow.13.Thisistheboy.Hissisterisafamoussinger.14.Iwanttotalktotheboys.Theirhomeworkhaven’tbeenhandedin.15.IsthatthewomanHerdaughterisinmyclass.16.Heusedtoliveinabighouse.Infrontofitgrewmanybananatrees.17.Theypassedafactory.Atthebackofthefactorytherewerericefields.18.Thesoldierrantothebuilding.Onthetopofitflewaflag.19.Intheeveningtheyarrivedatahill.Atthefootofthehilltherewasatemple.20.Shecameintoabigroom.Inthemiddleofitstoodalargetable.二、根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:1.Theperson________________IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.2.Thepencil________________hewaswritingbroke.3.WuDong,________________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.4.Thetwothings________________MarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.5.Herbag,________________sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.6.ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch,________________thisisoneexample,arewellwritten.三、选择填空：1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon. A.who B.which C.whom D.when2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers. A.whose B.who C.whom D.which3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten. A.that B.which C.what D.as4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily A.when B.where C.which D.who5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek. A.which B.that C.whom D.as6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere. A.whom B.which C.who D.when7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning A.when B.where C.which D.who8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere A.who B./ C.that D.when9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker. A.who B.whom C.towhom D.towho10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour. A.withwhom B.when C.towhom D.which11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth. A.thenurseistalkingtohim B.whomthenurseistalking C.thenurseistalkingto D.whothenurseistalking12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica. A.whichyoushowed B.youshowedhim C.youshowed D.whereyoushowed13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard. A.ofwhom B.fromwhom C.aboutthat D.who14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench. A.where B.who C.inwhich D.which15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou A.that B.whom C.when D.whose16.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice. A.that B.which C.whatever D.all17.Theforeignguests,____weregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport. A.mostofthem B.mostofthat C.mostofwhom D.mostofthose18.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight. A.who B.which C.that D.as19.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;youmayask____knowsbetterthanI. A.whoever B.whomever C.anyone D.theone20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago. A.where B./ C.when D.what21.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago. A.where B.that C.which D.onwhich22.Nearbyweretwocanoes____theyhadcometotheisland. A.which B.inwhich C.that D./23.Jackispleasedwith____youhavegivenhimandall____youhavetoldhim. A.that,what B.what,that C.which,what D.that,which24.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colourisyellow A.that B.which C.its D.whose25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp. A.whom B.who C.towhom D.formwhom26.Isthisschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago A.theone B.which C.that D.where27.Isthistheschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago A.theone B.where C.inwhich D./28,Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry A.whose B.who C.whom D.which29.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,____cameasasurprise. A.it B.which C.that D.he30.ThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriage____alreadysevenotherpeople. A.whentherewere B.whichtherewere C.thattherewere D.wheretherewere31.Iliveinthehouse____windowsfacesouth. A.which B.whose C.where D.inthat32.----Whatgameispopularwiththem ----The____mostistennis. A.gametheylikeit B.gametheylike C.bestgametheylike D.bestgametheylikeit33.Theystayedwithmethreeweeks,____theydrankallthewineIhad. A.which B.whichtime C.duringwhichtime D.duringwhich34.Theroom____MrWhitelivesisnotverylarge. A.that B.which C.where D.when35.Don’tforgettheday____youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague. A.when B.that C.atwhich D.where36.I’vefinishedwritingthenovel,____istobepublishednextmonth. A.that B.what C.which D.when37.Hereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebattle,____wasunexpected. A.which B.as C.that D.it38.____weisknowntoall,Englishisnotverydifficulttolearn. A.What B.As C.That D.Which39.Theoldmanhadthreesons,allof____diedduringWorldWarⅡ. A.whose B.that C.whom D.who40.Ihaveboughttwopens,____writewell. A.noneofwhich B.neitherofwhich C.bothofwhich D.allofwhich41.Doyouknowthereason____shehaschangedhermind A.why B.which C.forthat D.ofwhich42.Hefailedintheexam,____provesthathewasn’tworkinghardenough. A.which B.what C.it D.that43.Duringtheweek____hetriedtocollectmaterialsforhisarticle. A.following B.followed C.tofollow D.thatfollowed44.____wasexpected,hesucceededintheexam. A.It B.Which C.As D.That45.Hestudiedhardandlaterbecameawell-knownwriter,____hisfatherexpected. A.thatwaswhat B.whatwasthat C.andwhichwas D.whichwaswhat46.Weshouldreadsuchbooks____willmakeusbetterandwiser. A.when B.as C.whose D.what47.Youmustshowmywifethesamerespect____youshowme. A.when B.as C.whose D.what48.Heisabsent____isoftenthecase. A.what B.which C.who D.as49.Itisthefirsttime____Ihavecometoyourcity. A.that B.which C.what D.when50.Who____hasthesameideaasitwilldoitinthisway. A.who B.that C.whom D.which51.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears____Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,____hasagreateffectonmylife. A.that,which B.when,which C.which,that D.when,who52.Thisistheonlybook____Icanfind. A.that B.which C.it D.withwhich53.Idon’tlike____youspeaktoher. A.theway B.thewayinthat C.thewaywhich D.thewayofwhich54.Thatisoneofthosebooksthat____worthreading. A.is B.are C.has D.have55.Thisistheonlyoneofthestudentswhosehandwriting____thebest. A.is B.are C.has D.have56.Therewas____topreventtheaccident. A.somethingcoulddo B.anythingwecoulddo C.nothingwecouldn’tdo D.nothingwecoulddo参考答案语法复习四：定语从句一、1.Thefanthatyouwantisonthedesk.2.Themanwhobroughtourtextbookshereyesterdayisinnextroom.3.Themagazinewhichhehastakenawayismine.4.Thestudentswhodon’tstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam