2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南政法大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号97

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-西南政法大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.翻译题

PutthefollowingpassagesintoChinese:

Thenextsourceoflawthathastobeconsiderediscaselaw,theeffectivecreationandrefinementoflawinthecourseofjudicialdecisions.ItshouldberememberedthattheUnitedKingdom'slawisstillacommonlawsystemandeveniflegislationisofeverincreasingimportance,thesignificanceandeffectivenessofjudicialcreativityshouldnotbediscounted.Judicialdecisionsareasourceoflawthroughtheoperationofthedoctrineofjudicialprecedents.Thisprocessdependsontheestablishedhierarchyofthecourts,andoperatesinsuchawaythatgenerallyacourtisboundbytheratiodecidendiorruleoflawimplicitinthedecisionofacourtaboveitinthehierarchyandusuallybyacourtofequalstandinginthehierarchy.Wherestatutelawdoescoveraparticularareaorwherethelawissilentgenerallyitwillbenecessaryforacourtdecidingcasesrelatingtosuchanareatodeterminewhatthelawisand,insodoing,thatcourtwillinescapablyandunarguablybecreatinglaw.Thescopeforjudicialcreativityshouldnotbeunderestimatedanditshouldberememberedthatthetaskofinterpretingtheactualmeaningoflegislationinparticularcasesalsofallsinthejudiciaryandprovidesitwithafurtherimportantareaofdiscretionaiycreativity.

Thecharacteristicterritorialunitservedbytheprosecutor’sofficeisthecounty:inafewstates,largerdistricts,composedofseveralcounties,arefound.Manycountieshavesolittlecriminalbusiness(otherthanminorviolationsprosecutedbylocalorstatepolicewithouttheaidoftheprosecutor)that,evenwhenthecivillitigationtowhichthecountyisaparty,aswellasothercountylegalwork,areaddedtotheprosecutor’sfunctions,astheycommonlyare,thepostofcountyattorneyisstillonlyapart-timeonewithcompensationofteninadequatetoattractisstillonlyapart-timeonewithcompensationofteninadequatetoattracttheestablishedlawyersofthecounty.Thepostthustendstofalltoapoliticallyactiveyounglawyerstillengagedinbuildinghispractice;anditisnotsurprisingthatheoftentendstoregarditasprimarilyashort-termmeansofprofessionalorpoliticaladvancement.Underthesecircumstances,anythinglikeacareerofficial’sapproachtotheofficeisunlikely.Thecurewouldseemtobeinplacingtheprosecutor'sofficeonadistrictinsteadofacountybasis,thedistrictbeinglargeenoughtowarrantafull-timeprosecutorwithadequatecompensationandadequatestaff.

【答案】下一个要考虑的法律来源是判例法，它是在司法判决的过程中对法律有效创新和完善。我们应该牢记，英国的法律仍然是普通法体系，所以即使立法日益重要，司法创新的意义和有效性却不容低估。司法判决成为法源，贯穿整个司法判例教义的执行过程中。这样的过程依赖于己建立的法院层级体系，而且以这样的方式运作，即通常某个法院受到隐含于这个层级体系中上级法院的判决中的判决依据和法律条文的约朿，而且也一般受到这个层级体系中同等地位的法院的约束。法院有必要，在处理涉及法令没有包含的特殊领域或法律通常没有记载的领域的案件吋，决定适用的法律并执行。这就是法院正在对法律进行创新，而这是法院无法逃避也无可争辩的职责。我们不应该低估司法创新的适用范围，且应该牢记，在特定的情况下，法律的解释任务也会落在司法机关身上，因此，我们要给予司法机关在重要领域内的自由裁量权。

检察院所管辖的特殊区域包括各州、区的县。许多县的犯罪活动较少，一些轻微违法行为，直接由当地或州警察起诉，无须检方介入。全县作为诉讼主体的民事诉讼以及其它县的法律事务波纳入检察官的职责范围之内。通常情况下，县检察官一职为兼职，所以微薄的薪水不足以留住他们。同样微薄的薪酬对现有的县级律师同样没有吸引力。因此，这一岗位易于沦为思想活跃、有政治野心的年轻律师职业生涯的奠基石。经常有年轻的律师把它看成是其专业水平提升与政治地位晋升的一种主要的短线战略手段，这一现象并不奇怪。在这样的背景之下，任何人想通过这一方式进入到政府机关都是不大可能的。改善这一现状的办法就是将人员安置在区检察院而不是县级检察院。因为区检察院的检察官是全职人员，有不错的薪酬，有足够的工作人员。

2.单选题

Iwasalwaystaughtthatitwas（

）tointerrupt.

问题1选项

A.rude

B.coarse

C.rough

D.crude

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项rude“粗鲁的，无礼的”；B选项coarse“粗糙的，粗俗的”；C选项rough“粗野的，粗略的”；D选项crude“天然的，未加工的”。句意：我总是被教导打断别人说话是粗鲁的。选项A符合句意。

3.单选题

Awindowinthekitchenwas（

）,therewasrubbisheverywhere,andthecurtainsandcarpetshadbeenstolen.

问题1选项

A.scattered

B.scraped

C.scratched

D.smashed

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项scatter“撒播，散布”；B选项scrap“废弃，拆毁”；C选项scratch“抓，刮”；D选项smashed“打碎，粉碎”。句意：厨房的一扇窗户被打碎了，到处是垃圾，窗帘和地毯被偷了。选项D符合句意。

4.单选题

Agoodscientist（

）intoallaspectsofaprobleminordertofindsolutions.

问题1选项

A.pricks

B.pokes

C.probes

D.peers

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项prick“戳，扎破”；B选项poke“戳，刺”；C选项probe“调查”；D选项peer“凝视”。句意：一个好的科学家会对调查问题的各个方面，以便找到解决办法。选项C符合句意。

5.单选题

Bynowhehasreachedthe（

）ofhisambition.

问题1选项

A.superiority

B.resolution

C.summit

D.procedure

【答案】C

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项superiority“优越”；B选项resolution“分辨率，决心”；C选项summit“顶点”；D选项procedure“程序，步骤”。句意：到目前为止，他已经达到了他抱负的顶峰。选项C符合句意。

6.单选题

Ifshe（

）herefforts,shewillsucceed.

问题1选项

A.goeson

B.retains

C.holdsinto

D.maintains

【答案】D

【解析】同义词辨析题。A选项goon“继续”，后面需接介词with；B选项retain“保持，保留”；C选项holdinto无此搭配；D选项maintain“维持，继续”。句意：如果她继续努力，她会成功的。选项D更符合语境。

7.单选题

Accordingtothe“hygienehypothesis”firstproposedin1989,exposuretoavarietyofbacteria,virusesandparasiticwormsearlyinlifehelpsprimeachild’simmunesystem,muchlikesensoryexperiencesprogramhisbrain.Withoutsuchearlyinstruction,theimmunesystemmaygoindisorderandoverreactwithallergiestofoods,pollenandpetfurorturnonthebody’sowntissue,settingoffautoimmunedisorders.

Manyofthesemicroorganismsevolvedsymbioticallywithhumansovermillionsofyears—theso-called"oldfriends’’theory.Butwheretheyhavebeeneradicated,akeypartofhumandevelopmenthasbeenthrownoff.“Thevastmajorityofmicrobesareharmless.Thereareonlyafewdozenthatcancauselethalinfections.”saysThomasMcDade,directoroftheLaboratoryforHumanBiologyResearchatNorthwesternUniversity.

In1998,aboutoneinfivechildreninindustrializedcountriessufferedfromallergicdiseasessuchasasthma,allergiesandrashes,accordingtotheInternationalStudyofAsthmaandAllergiesinChildhood,aglobalresearchinitiative.TheincidenceofpeanutallergyintheUStripledbetween1997and2008,accordingtoareportfromMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYork.ButsuchdiseasesarestillrelativelyrareinAfricaandruralAsia.“Thegeographicaldistributionofallergicandautoimmunediseasesisamirrorimageofthegeographicaldistributionofvariousinfectiousdiseases.”saysareportbyFrenchresearchersdevotedtothehygienehypothesis.

Exposuretoimmune-stimulatinggermsmayalsolowertheriskofheartdisease,accordingtoDr.McDade.Butthereareotherdangerslurkinginmuddywaterandanimalfaces.MichaelBell,aninfectiousdiseasespecialistanddeputydirectorofHealthcareQualityPromotionattheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,saysthatpeopleshouldbevigilantaboutwoundcaresincebacteriacancauseproblemsiftheygetintothebloodstream,andhestilladvocateshand-washing.“Ifyou’renotdoingittentimesaday,you'reprobablynotdoingitenough.”hesays.Butheandotherexpertssaythatregularsoapandwaterarefineinmostcases.Sterilizinghandsiscriticalmainlyforhealth-careworkersandinhospitals,wheredisease-causinggermsareprevalentandcaneasilyspread.

Manyexpertsadvisecommonsense.“Wedon’twanttosaytochildren.OK,playbythedirtyriverbankandcatchwhateveryoucan.”saysDr.Weinstocks."Butwecansaythere'snothingwrongwithkidsplayinginthedirt.Theydon'thavetoliveintotalsanitation,andtheywon’tdiefromeatingsomethingoffthefloor.It’sprobablymorehealthythannot.”

1.The“hygienehypothesis”proposedthatexposuretovariousvirusesandgermsinearlychildhood（

）.

2.Whatifwelivewithoutanymicroorganisms?

3.AccordingtoFrenchresearchers,thegeographicaldistributionofallergicandautoimmunediseases

（

）.

4.WhatdoesMichaelBellsuggestwedoindailylife?

5.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

问题1选项

A.eliminateschildhooddiseasessuchasasthmaandallergies

B.provestobeanimportantpreventionagainstcancer

C.provestobenecessaryforthedevelopmentofimmunesystem

D.increasessusceptibilitytoallergicandautoimmunediseases

问题2选项

A.Wewillneverbeinvolvedintheallergies.

B.Wewilleradicatetheoutbreaksofmanyinfectiousdiseases.

C.Wemaymissanimportantpartofhumandevelopment.

D.Wemayfindnoeffectivemedicalcuretomanydisease.

问题3选项

A.hasnothingtodowiththatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

B.isexactlythesamewiththatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

C.iscompletelyoppositetothatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

D.showsnocomparabilitywiththatofvariousinfectiousdiseases

问题4选项

A.Becarefulaboutwoundcare.

B.Washhandswithin10timesaday.

C.Consulthealth-careworkers.

D.Sterilizeyourhandseveryday.

问题5选项

A.Childrenshouldbeencouragedtoplayindirtyplaces.

B.Moreeffortsshouldbemadeinpublichealth.

C.Parentsneedn’tworryaboutchildrenplayinginthedirt.

D.Excessivecleannessisrequiredathomebutnotoutdoors.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段第一句“根据1989年首次提出的“卫生假说”，儿童在早期的生活中接触各种细菌、病毒和寄生虫，有助于儿童的免疫系统做好准备，就像感官体验对大脑进行编程一样。”由此可推断，这个“卫生假说”证明了免疫系统发展的重要性，选项C符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段一二句“Manyofthesemicroorganismsevolvedsymbioticallywithhumansovermillionsofyears—theso-called“oldfriends”theory.Butwheretheyhavebeeneradicated,akeypartofhumandevelopmenthasbeenthrownoff.许多微生物在数百万年的时间里与人类共生进化，这就是所谓的“老朋友”理论。但是，在它们被根除的地方，人类发展的一个关键部分就被抛弃了。”选项C符合原文。

3.判断推断题。根据关键词“Frenchresearchers”定位到第三段最后一句“‘Thegeographicaldistributionofallergicandautoimmunediseasesisamirrorimageofthegeographicaldistributionofvariousinfectiousdiseases.’saysareportbyFrenchresearchersdevotedtothehygienehypothesis.‘过敏和自身免疫性疾病的地理分布是各种传染病地理分布的一个镜像。’一份由法国研究人员撰写的关于卫生假说的报告称。”镜像与原像是相反的，这里是说他们的地理分布也是完全相反的，所以选项C正确。

4.细节事实题。根据关键词“MichaelBell”定位到倒数第二段第三句“MichaelBell,...,saysthatpeopleshouldbevigilantaboutwoundcaresincebacteriacancauseproblemsiftheygetintothebloodstream,andhestilladvocateshand-washing.MichaelBell表示，人们应该要注意伤口的护理，因为细菌一旦进入血液就会引发问题，他还提倡勤洗手。”选项A符合原文；选项B和D不符合原文描述；选项D在文中没有提及，所以本题选A。

5.判断推理题。根据最后一段第二句“...there'snothingwrongwithkidsplayinginthedirt.Theydon'thavetoliveintotalsanitation,...孩子们在泥土里玩耍没有什么错，他们不必生活在完全卫生的环境中...”所以选项C“父母不必担心孩子在泥土里玩耍”符合原文。

8.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

劳动仲裁类似于中世纪手工业行会的调停话动，它是多步骤申述体制之最终结果。

尽管信托关系可以口头创立，但却一般是经书面文件形式确认。

破坏环境之行为可以被法律规定为犯罪。

因股东大会不够法定人数，故该决议被认定无效。

【答案】Laborarbitration,similartothemediationactivitiesinthemedievalcraftguilds,isthefinalresultofmulti-steprepresentationsystem.

Atrustmaybecreatedorally,butusuallyissetupinawrittenform.

Anactthatisdestructivetotheenvironmentmaybecriminalizedbystatue.

Theresolutionwasinvalidbecausetheshareholder'smeetingwasnotquorate.

9.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingintoChinese

IftheCommissionfinds,afternoticeandopportunityforhearing,thatanypersonisviolating,hasviolated,orisabouttoviolateanyprovisionofthistitle,oranyruleorregulationthereunder,theCommissionmaypublishitsfindingsandenteranorderrequiringsuchperson,andanyotherpersonthatis,was,orwouldbeacauseoftheviolation,duetoanactoromissionthepersonkneworshouldhaveknownwouldcontributetosuchviolation,toceaseanddesistfromcommittingorcausingsuchviolationandanyfutureviolationofthesameprovision,rule,orregulation.Suchordermay,inadditiontorequiringapersontoceaseanddesistfromcommittingorcausingaviolation,requiresuchpersontocomply,ortotakestepstoeffectcompliancewithsuchprovision,rule,orregulation,uponsuchtermsandconditionsandwithinsuchtimeasthecommissionmayspecifyinsuchorder.Anysuchordermay,astheCommissiondeemsappropriate,requirefuturecomplianceorstepstoeffectfuturecompliance,eitherpermanentlyorforsuchperiodoftimeastheCommissionmayspecify,withsuchprovision,ruleorregulationwithrespecttoanysecurity,anyissuer,oranyotherperson.

【答案】在通知和一个听讯机会后，如果委员会发现任何人正在、已经或即将去违反这个法令的任何条款、或其下的任何规则或规章，那么该委员会可能发布其调查结果，且提出一个指令，其要求这个人和任何其它人（这个人因其知晓或本应知晓的会导致如此违反的一个行为或疏忽而现在、过去或将来是此类违反的一个原因）停止犯下或造成此类违反和任何对同样条款的将来违反。除需要一个人停止犯下或导致一个违反之外，如此的指令可能要求这类人，依据该委员会在如此的指令中可能规定的条款和条件以及时间期限，去遵守或采取措施去实现遵守如此的条款，规则或规章。就任何担保人、发行者或任何其它人而言，任何如此的指令可能，如同该委员会认为恰当的那样，要求以后永久地或在该委员会可能规定的时间段内遵守或采取措施去实现遵守如此的条款、规则或规章。

10.单选题

Shewasso（

）fortheknowledgethatshehadtaughtherselfallthecoursesbeforeshewenttocollege.

问题1选项

A.grave

B.greedy

C.anxious

D.worried

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项grave“重大的”；B选项greedy“贪婪的，渴望的”；C选项anxious“焦虑的”；D选项worried“担心的”。句意：她是对知识是如此的渴望，以至于她在上大学之前就自学了所有的课程。选项B符合句意。

11.单选题

Thenumberofthetickets（

）willbedeterminedbythesizeofthestadium.

问题1选项

A.adaptable

B.acceptable

C.advisable

D.available

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项adaptable“能适应的”；B选项acceptable“可接受的”；C选项advisable“明智的，可取的”；D选项available“可获得的”。句意：可获得的门票数量将根据体育场的大小来定。选项D更符合语境。

12.单选题

Onenteringtheroom,he（

）hiseyesrounditbutsawnothingstrange.

问题1选项

A.jerked

B.flung

C.tossed

D.cast

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项jerk“猛拉”；B选项fling“掷，抛”；C选项toss“抛，投”；D选项cast“投掷”。选项B，C，D都要投掷的意思，但只有选项D能与后面的round搭配使用，castround意为“寻找”，句意：一进房间，他就环视四周（寻找），但没有发现什么奇怪的东西。选项D符合句意。

13.单选题

Anydriverstoppedbythepoliceforsomeminortraffic（

）canbeaskedtotaketestforalcoholicdrinking.

问题1选项

A.violation

B.accident

C.congestion

D.devastation

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项violation“违反，妨碍”；B选项accident“事故，意外”；C选项congestion“拥挤”；D选项devastation“毁坏”。句意：任何因轻微交通违规而被警察拦下的司机都可能被要求参加酒精测试。选项A符合语境。

14.单选题

Johnfailedinthefinalexaminationbecausehewas（

）totheteacher’sadvice.

问题1选项

A.immune

B.indifferent

C.ignorant

D.informed

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项immune“免疫的”；B选项indifferent“冷淡的，不关心的”；C选项ignorant“无知的，愚昧的”；D选项inform“通知，告发”。句意：John期末考试不及格，因为他不听老师的劝告。beindifferentto知“不在乎…，对…漠不关心”，所以选项B符合句意。

15.单选题

Idonothavethekey,soIhavetouse（

）toopenthislockeddoor.

问题1选项

A.strength

B.vigor

C.energy

D.force

【答案】D

【解析】近义词辨析题。A选项strength“力量”，侧重于强度；B选项vigor“活力，精力”；C选项energy“能量”；D选项force“力量”，侧重于武力、暴力。句意：我没有钥匙，所以我不得不使用武力打开这扇锁着的门。选项D符合句意。

16.单选题

Thedoctorsareverymuchworriedaboutthe（

）ofthepatient’sconditionafteroperation.

问题1选项

A.deterioration

B.differentiation

C.diversion

D.donation

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项deterioration“恶化”；B选项differentiation“变异”；C选项diversion“转移，消遣”；D选项donation“捐赠”。句意：医生们非常担心手术后病人的病情恶化。选项A符合句意。

17.单选题

Withourmagnificentnewcollegesoffurthereducation,thesuper-polytechnicsspringinguplikemushrooms,andourmuchvauntedincreaseofstudentsinfull-timeeducation,onevitalpointisbeinglefttousofeducationalthinking.Whatwillitearn?Because—sadasitmayseemtothosewhobelieveinits-mind-broadening,horizon-wideningandstaminatestingqualities—youcan'teateducation.Thereare39universitiesandcollegesofferingdegreecoursesinGeography,butIhaveneverseenanygoodjobsforGeographygraduatesadvertised.OramIaloneinsuspectingthattheywillallreturntoteachGeographytoanothersetofstudents,whointurnwillteachmoreGeographyundergraduates?

OnlytenuniversitiescurrentlyofferdegreecoursesinAeronauticalEngineering,whichperhapsisjustaswell,inviewofthespeedwiththeaircraftindustryhasbeendispensingwithexcesspersonnel.Ontheotherhand,hospitalcasualtydepartmentsthroughoutthecountryarehavingtoclosedownbecauseofthelackofdoctors.Thereason?Universitymedicalschoolscanonlyfindplacesforhalforthosewhoapply.

ItseemstomethatthetimeisripefortheDepartmentofEmploymentandProductivityandtheDepartmentofEducationandSciencetogettogetherwiththeuniversitiesandproducearevisededucationalsystemthatwillmakeamoreeconomicuseofthewealthoftalent,applicationandindustrycurrentlybeingfittedawayoncertificates,diplomasanddegreesthatnoonewantstoknowabout.Theymightmakeastartbyreintroducingagenuine“General”CertificateofEducation.Inthedayswhenitmeantsomething,thiswascalledtheSchoolCertificate.Employerslikedit,becauseitindicatedproficiencyinEnglish,Arithmetic,ScienceandHumanities—inotherwords,thatyouhadanall-roundeducation.Youcoulduseitasaspringboardtohighereducation,butitactuallymeantsomethinginitself,ineveryindustryforchemicaltoclothing.

1.TheusefulnessofGeographycoursesisrestrictedmainlybecause（

）.

2.Incontrastwiththeaircraftindustry,hospitals

（

）.

3.“Industry”(Line4,Para....3)means

（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“noonewantstoknowabout”(Line5,Para.3)?

问题1选项

A.therearenogoodjobsforGeographygraduatesadvertised

B.Geographygraduatescanonlybeteachers

C.GeographygraduatesarenotallowedtodothejobsrelatedtoGeography

D.Geographygraduatesarenotqualifiedformanyjobsduetothepoortrainingtheyreceivedinschool

问题2选项

A.arefullofqualifiedpersonnel

B.havemorequalifiedpersonnelthanschools

C.needmorequalifiedpersonnelthantheycanget

D.needfewerpersonnelthanotherorganizations

问题3选项

A.business

B.hardwork

C.trade

D.educationalsystem

问题4选项

A.Nooneknowsaboutthem.

B.Noonehastheideaoftheuseofthem

C.Thereisnointerestinordemandforthem

D.Thereisnouseinknowingaboutthem

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第一段的内容“教育思想留给我们一个重要的问题。它能挣多少钱?对于那些相信教育能使人开阔思维、开阔视野、具备吃苦耐劳品质的人来说这似乎很悲哀，因为教育并不能让你填饱肚子。”接下来以地理专业的毕业生为例来说明这个问题，所以由此可以推断，地理课程的实用性收到限制是因为教育的问题，所以选项D符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段倒数第二句“hospitalcasualtydepartmentsthroughoutthecountryarehavingtoclosedownbecauseofthelackofdoctors.由于缺少医生，全国各地的医院急诊室都不得不关闭。”由此可知，医院需要比他们所能得到的还要更多的合格人员，选项C符合原文。

3.词义题。根据下文的描述“industrycurrentlybeingfittedawayoncertificates,diplomasanddegreesthatnoonewantstoknowabout.目前，‘industry’正在提供没有人想知道的证书、文凭和学位。”证书，文凭和学位都是涉及教育的，由此可推测“industry”指的是教育体系。

4.语义题。根据上一题可知，这里没人想知道的是教育体系所提供的证书，文凭和学位。再根据第三段的内容可知，作者呼吁各部门一起改变现有的教育体系，并建议引进真正通用的教育证书。说明人们对现在的教育体系所提供的证书，文凭和学位不感兴趣而且也不需要。所以选项C符合原文。

18.翻译题

Scientificandtechnologicaladvancesareenablingustocomprehendthefurthestreachesofthecosmos,themostbasicconstituentsofmatter,andthemiracleoflife.

Atthesametime,today,theactions,andinaction,ofhumanbeingsimperilnotonlylifeontheplanet,buttheverylifeoftheplanet.

Globalizationismakingtheworldsmaller,fasterandricher.Still,9/11andavianfluremindusthatasmaller,fasterworldisnotnecessarilyasaferworld.

Ourworldisburstingwithknowledge—butdesperatelyinneedofwisdom.Now,whensoundbitesaregettingshorter,wheninstantmessagescrowdoutessays,andwhenindividuallivesgrowmorecrazy,collegegraduatescapableofdeepreflectionarewhatourworldneeds.

ForallthesereasonsIbelieved—andIbelieveevenmorestronglytoday—intheuniqueandirreplaceablemissionofuniversities.

【答案】科技和技术的进步正在使我们能够去了解宇宙最远的地方、物质最基本的成分和生命的奇迹。

与此同时，人类今天的作为和不作为，不仅危及地球上的生命，且还危害地球本身的寿命。

全球化正在让世界变得更小、更快速地运转和更富裕。但是，9/11事件和禽流感却提醒我们一个更小、更快速运转的世界不一定是一个更安全的世界。

我们的世界正充满知识，但其迫切需要智慧。现在，当（新闻采访的）原声摘要播出正变得更短、即时信息排挤短文和和个人生活变得更疯狂时，能够深思的大学毕业生是我们这个世界所需要的。

由于这些原因，我相信，并且我今天甚至更坚定地相信，大学有着独特的且无可取代的使命。

19.单选题

Thehighcostforgettingtherewas（

）bythefactthatIfoundaverycheapplacetolive.

问题1选项

A.offset

B.participated

C.elaborated

D.reclaimed

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项offset“抵消，弥补”；B选项participate“参与，分享”；C选项elaborate“详细描述，变复杂”；D选项reclaim“开拓，抗议”。句意：到这里的成本高是因为事情变得复杂，我找到了一个非常便宜的地方住。选项C更符合语境。

20.单选题

TheMayorofthetownisa（

）oldman.

问题1选项

A.respective

B.respectful

C.respectable

D.respecting

【答案】B

【解析】形近词辨析题。A选项respective“分别的，各自的”；B选项respectful“恭敬的，有礼貌的”；C选项respectable“值得尊敬的”；D选项respecting“关于”。句意：这个镇的市长是个可敬的老人。选项B符合句意。

21.翻译题

Wemustcontinuewiththereformintaxandfeeinruralareastolightentheburdensoffarmersandprotecttheirinterests.

Chinadoesnotseekhegemonyorpredominanceinworldaffairs.Itadvocatesanewinternationalpoliticalandeconomicorder.

Ifwedonotcrackdownoncorruption,theflesh-and-bloodtiesbetweenthePartyandthepeoplewillsufferalotandthePartywillbeindangeroflosingitsrulingposition,orpossiblyheadingforself-destruction.

Nobodyinanysector,publicorprivate,shouldofferbenefitsunlessforagoodreason.

Damsareadramaticexampleofahumanactivitythatdegradesfreshwaterecosystems.

【答案】为了减轻农民的负担和保护他们的利益，我们一定要继续进行农村税费改革。

中国在世界事务中不谋求霸权或主导地位。它主张一个新的国际政治和经济秩序。

如果我们不打击腐败，那么党和人们之间的血肉联系将会深受其害，并且党将会处于失去其执政地位的危险之中或可能走向自我毁灭。

除非有正当的理由，否则任何部门(公共的或私人的)没有人应该提供福利。

水坝是人类活动使淡水生态系统退化的一个引人注目的例子。

22.单选题

Hewasextremely（

）bytheillnessofhisdaughter.

问题1选项

A.agitated

B.exploited

C.influenced

D.dominated

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项agitate“使..不安”；B选项exploit“开发”；C选项influence“影响”；D选项dominate“控制，支配”。句意：女儿的疾病使他特别焦虑不安。选项A符合句意。

23.单选题

Mr.Mortongradually（

）theknowledgeofthesubject.

问题1选项

A.attained

B.required

C.acquired

D.enquired

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项attain“达到，实现”；B选项require“要求”；C选项acquire“获得，学到”；D选项enquire“询问”。句意：Morton先生渐渐掌握了这门课程的知识。选项C更符合语境。

24.单选题

It’snoteasytofindasolutiontothecountry’slabor（

）.

问题1选项

A.decline

B.vacancy

C.rarity

D.shortage

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项decline“下降，衰退”；B选项vacancy“空缺”；C选项rarity“罕见，珍贵”；D选项shortage“短缺”。句意：要找到解决国家劳动力短缺的办法并不容易。选项D符合句意。

25.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

第二条：专利法所称发明，是指对产品、方法或者其改进所提出的新的技术方案。

综上所述，原告认为：原告与被告天津天利食品有限公司签订的借款合同及抵押合同合法有效，理应全面、实际履行。

从广义上来讲，中国司法体系的机构设置由三大部分组成：人民法院系统、人民检察院系统和公安机关系统。

本协议经有关双方如期签署后生效，有效期为一年，从2010年2月1日至2011年1月31日。

【答案】Article2:Theinventioninpatentlawreferstothenewtechnicalsolutionputforwardtoproducts,methodsandtheirimprovement.

Asawhole,theaccuserbelievethatthecontractforloanandmortgagecontract,madebytheaccuserandtheaccusedTianjinTianliFoodCo.Ltd.,areeffectiveandshouldbefulfilledentirelyandpractically.

Initsbroadsense,thestructuralestablishmentinChina’sjudicialsystemconsistsofthreemainparts,namelypeople'scourtsystem,people'sprocuratoratesystemandpublicsecurityorgansystem.

Afterbeingsignedbybothpartiesconcernedasscheduled,thecontractwillbecomevalidforoneyearfromFebruary1,2010toJanuary31,2011.

26.单选题

Thesystemofexploitationofmoonbymanhasbeen（

）.

问题1选项

A.canceled

B.abolished

C.refused

D.rejected

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项cancel“取消”；B选项abolish“废除，废止”；C选项refuse“拒绝”；D选项reject“拒绝，排斥”。句意：人类开发月球的系统已经被废除。选项B符合句意。

27.单选题

Shelookedso

youngand（

）thathefelt

thatheshouldtrytoprotecther.

问题1选项

A.susceptible

B.fragile

C.vital

D.vulnerable

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项susceptible“易受影响的”；B选项fragile“易碎的”；C选项vital“至关重要的”；D选项vulnerable“易受攻击的，易受伤害的”。句意：她看上去那么年轻，那么脆弱，他觉得他应该试着保护她。这里的脆弱指的是易受伤害，所以选项D更符合语境。

28.单选题

Geneticallymodifiedcropsareeverywhere.ItseemseveninEurope,strictlawsdesignedtokeeptheEuropeanUnionfreeofGMcropsarenotworking,insteadareposingproblemsfortheEU:Farmers’srepresentativessaythatsuppliesofanimalfeedforpoultryandpigsarebeingrefusedentryatEuropeanportswhenfoundtocontaineventraceamountsofGMmaterial.

UnderEurope’s“zero-tolerance”lawsonGM,introducedin2007,thepresenceofevenafewseedsofGMmaterialwillruleoutanentireshipment.TheanimalfeedindustrysaysthelawsareunworkablebecauseGMmaterialisalmostunavoidable,giventoday’sglobalsupplychain.“ThoughweunderstandtheconsumerconcerninEurope,wedon'tunderstandzerotolerancebecauseitclosesdowntrade.”saysPekkaPesonen,secretarygeneralofCopa-Cogeca,afederationofgroupsrepresenting15millionEUfarmersintotal.HeclaimsthatEuropeanpigandpoultryfarmerswillgooutofbusinessunlesstheEUadoptsamorepracticalcheckingapproachbysettingastandard―say0.5percent—beneathwhichGMistolerated.Pesonensayssuch“tolerances”operateforotherpollution,includingpesticidesandheavymetals.SowhynotforGMmaterial,muchofwhichhasbeenclearedforhumanconsumptionelsewhereintheworld?

Lastyear200,000tonsofconventionalanimalfeed―mainlysoyandcom―wererefusedentrytotheEUwhentheywerefoundtocontainsmallamountsofGMcomvarieties.ThenflaxfromCanadawasfoundtocontaintracesofaGMvarietynamedCDCTriffidthatwaswithdrawnfromcommercialsalein2001.Followingaprohibitiononflaxmorethan100shipmentswererejected,buttradeisslowlyresuming.Therejectedtonnagesisonlyasmallpartofthe32milliontonsoffeedimportedeachyear.Butitleadstodelaystosubsequentcontracts,higherpricesandreluctancebyimporterstoriskfurthershipments.

Priceswillbehigherstillthisyear,saysPesonen.owingtonaturaldisasterinSouthAmericaandagrowingmarketforAmericanfarmerssellingcropstoAsia,whichacceptsmixedshipments.IncreasingnumbersofGMcropvarietiesareontheway.Atpresent,around30varietiesaregrownaroundtheworld,blitthatispredictedtodoubletwiceby2015.makingscreeningmoredifficultthanever.

AfurtherconflictarisesbecausealltheEuropeanofficialsareduetobereplacedinFebruary.Aspokeswomanforthehealthcommission,whichintroducedthezero-tolerancepolicytosatisfywidespreadquestioningsinEuropeaboutthesafetyofGMcrops,saysthatintensivediscussiononfeedimportshavealreadytakenplace.“Oncethenewcommissionisestablished,itwillhavetoconsiderhowtoproceedonthismatter.”shesays.

1.EuropeanlawsagainstGMproducts（

）.

2.Takingtoday’sglobalsupplychainintoaccount,theanimalfeedindustrythinksthat

（

）.

3.WhatisEuropeanfarmers’attitudetoGMaccordingtoPekkaPesonen?

4.Aftersomeshipmentsarerefusedtobeimported,

（

）.

5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whydidthehealthcommissionintroducethezero-tolerancepolicy?

问题1选项

A.managetofunctionwell

B.bringtroublestofarmers

C.helpfarmersalot

D.allowfoodwithGMmaterial

问题2选项

A.GMmaterialispossibletobeprevented

B.Europeanlawsareimpractical

C.Onlytheinternationalsupplychaincanwork

D.GoodsshouldbeprohibitedonceanyGMstuffisfound

问题3选项

A.Theythinkit’sreasonableforpeopletoworryaboutGM’sinfluence.

B.Theythinkit’sunderstandabletosetanabsolutelimitonGMproducts.

C.TheywillbebrokenifEUhelpthemtolimitGMeffect.

D.Theythink0.5percentistoohighastandard.

问题4选项

A.Tradeisgoingdownalltheway

B.Peoplestillsigntradeontime

C.Goodsaregettingmoreexpensive

D.Merchantstryriskingtradingagain

问题5选项

A.BecausetheEuropeanofficialsaretobereplaced

B.Becausethepolicyistheresultoftheintensivediscussion.

C.BecauseitwantstoeliminatethedoubtsabouttheGMcrops’safety.

D.BecausethepriceofGMcropsisveryhigh.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。根据第二段的内容：欧洲2007年出台了关于转基因的“零容忍”法律。动物饲料行业说，这些法律是行不通的。Copa-Cogeca组织的秘书长PekkaPesonen说：“欧洲的养猪户和家禽养殖户将会破产，除非欧盟采取一种更实际的检查方法，设定一个可以容忍转基因的标准，比如0.5%。”由此可推断，这一法律给农民带来了麻烦，所以选项B正确。

2.细节事实题。根据第二段第二句“Theanimalf