2022年考研考博-考博英语-华南师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号72

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-华南师范大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Thedestructionofthesetreasureswasalossformankindthatnoamountofmoneycould（）.

问题1选项

A.standupfor

B.makeupfor

C.comeupwith

D.putupwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组。A:standupfor“支持；坚持”；B:makeupfor“补偿，弥补”；C:comeupwith“追赶上；提出”；D:putupwith“忍受，容忍”。句意：对人类而言，这些宝物的破坏是一种无法用金钱弥补的损失。结合此处语境，后文写道没有金钱可以弥补，故B为正确答案。

2.单选题

Takingchargeofyourselfinvolvesputtingtorestsomeveryprevalentmyths.Atthetopofthelististhenotionthatintelligenceismeasuredbyyourabilitytosolvecomplexproblems;toread,writeandcomputeatcertainlevels,andtoresolveabstractequationsquickly.Thisvisionofintelligenceassertsformaleducationandbookishexcellenceasthetruemeasuresself-fulfillment.Itencouragesakindofintellectualprejudicethathasbroughtwithitsomediscouragingresults.Wehavecometobelievethatsomeonewhohasmoreeducationalmeritbadges,whoisverygoodatsomeformofschooldisciplineis"intelligent".Yetmentalhospitalsarefilledwithpatientswhohavealloftheproperlyletteredcertificates.Atruerindicatorofintelligenceisaneffective,happylifelivedeachdayandeachpresentmomentofeveryday.

Ifyouarehappyifyouliveeachmomentforeverythingit’sworth,thenyouareintelligentperson.Problemsolvingisausefulhelptoyourhappiness,butifyouknowthatgivenyourinabilitytoresolveaparticularconcernyoucanstillchoosehappinessforyourself,orataminimumrefusetochooseunhappiness,thenyouareintelligent,yourareintelligentbecauseyouhavetheultimateweaponagainstthebigN.B.DNervousBreakDown.

“Intelligent"peopledonothaveN.B.D'sbecausetheyareinchargeofthemselves.Theyknowhowtochoosehappinessoverdepressionbecausetheyknowhowtodealwiththeproblemsoftheirlives.

Youcanbegintothinkofyourselfastrulyintelligentonthebasisofhowyouchoosetofeelinthefaceoftryingcircumstances.Thelifestrugglesareprettymuchthesameforeachofus

EveryonewhoisinvolvedwithotherhumanbeingsinanysocialcontexthassimilardifficultiesDisagreements,conflictandcompromisesareapartofwhatitmeanstobehuman.Similarly,money,growingold,sickness,deaths,naturaldisastersandaccidentsarealleventswhichpresentproblemstovirtuallyallhumanbeing.Butsomepeopleareabletomakeit,toavoidimmobilizingdepressionandunhappinessdespitesuchoccurrences,whileotherscollapseorhaveanN.B.D.Thosewhorecognizeproblemsasahumanconditionanddon'tmeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsarethemostintelligentkindofhumansweknow;also,themostrare.

1.Accordingtotheauthortheconventionalnotionofintelligencemeasuredintermsofone'sabilitytoread,writeandcompute（）.

2.Itisimpliedinthepassagethatholdingauniversitydegree（）.

3.Theauthorthinksthatanintelligentpersonknows（）.

4.Inthelastparagraph,theauthortellsusthat（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofpeoplearerare?

问题1选项

A.isawidelyheldbutwrong

B.willhelpeliminateintellectualprejudice

C.therootofallmentaldistress

D.willcontributetoone'sselffulfillment

问题2选项

A.mayresultinone'sinabilitytosolvecomplexreal-lifeproblem:

B.doesnotindicateone'sabilitytowriteproperlywordeddocuments

C.maymakeonementallysickandphysicallyweak

D.doesnotmeanthatoneishighlyintelligent

问题3选项

A.howtoputupwithsomeveryprevalentmyths

B.howtofindthebestwaytoachievesuccessinlife

C.howtoavoiddepressionandmakehislifeworthwhile

D.howtopersuadeotherstocompromise

问题4选项

A.difficultiesarebutpartofeveryoneslife

B.depressionandunhappinessareunavoidableinlife

C.everybodyshouldlearntoavoidtryingcircumstances

D.goodfeelingscancontributetoeventualacademicexcellence

问题5选项

A.Thosewhodon'temphasizebookishexcellenceintheirpursuitofhappiness

B.Thosewhoarenotawareofdifficultiesinlifebutknowhowtoavoidunhappiness

C.ThosewhomeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsbutseldomsufferfromN.B.D's.

D.Thosewhoareabletosecurehappinessthoughhavingtostruggleagainsttryingcircumstances

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段“Takingchargeofyourselfinvolvesputtingtorestsomeveryprevalentmyths”中文翻译为“对自己负责包括平息一些非常流行的神话。”结合语境，因此A为最佳选项。

2.细节推理题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段中“Wehavecometobelievethatsomeonewhohasmoreeducationalmeritbadges,whoisverygoodatsomeformofschooldisciplineisintelligentYetmentalhospitalsarefilledwithpatientswhohavealloftheproperlyletteredcertificates..”中文翻译为：我们开始相信，那些拥有更多教育价值徽章并且非常擅长某种形式的学校纪律的人是‘聪明的’。然而，精神病院里挤满了那些拥有所有字母证书的病人。可以得知D选项符合题意。

3.推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第一段中“Atruerindicatorofintelligenceisaneffective,happylifelivedeachdayandeachpresentmomentofeveryday.”中文翻译为更真实的智力指标是一种有效的、幸福的生活，活在每一天和当下的每一刻。以及“Ifyouarehappy,ifyouliveeachmomentforeverythingit’sworth,thenyouareanintelligentperson.”，中文翻译为：如果你快乐，每一分钟都过得值得，那么你就是聪明的人。此外“Theyknowhowtochoosehappinessoverdepression.”，中文翻译为：聪明的人知道如何选择幸福而不是沮丧。因此，C最符合题意。

4.细节事实题。根据题干定位到原文最后一段“Everyonewhoisinvolvedwithotherhumanbeingsinanysocialcontexthassimilardifficulties.Disagreements,conflictsandcompromisesareapartofwhatitmeanstobehuman.”，中文翻译为：“每个在任何社会环境中与其他人打交道的人都有类似的困难。分歧、冲突和妥协是作为人的意义的一部分。”故A最符合题意。

5.细节事实题。根据题干可以定位到原文“Thosewhorecognizeproblemsasahumanconditionanddon’tmeasurehappinessbyanabsenceofproblemsarethemostintelligentkindofhumansweknow;also,themostrare.”中文翻译为：“那些能够懂得各种困难是人生难免的状况，不以是否遭遇问题来衡量幸福与否的人是最聪明，也是出类拔萃的。”可以得知B项最为符合。

3.单选题

TheCarnegieFoundationreportsaysthatmanycollegeshavetriedtobe"allthingstoallpeople".Indoingso,theyhaveincreasinglycateredtoanarrow-mindedcareerismwhilefailingtocultivateaglobalvisionamongtheirstudents.Thecurrentcrisis,itcontends,doesnotderivefromalegitimatedesiretoputlearningtoproductiveends.Theproblemisthatintoomanyacademicfields,theworkhasnocontext;skills,ratherthanmeans,havebecomeends.Studentsareofferedavarietyofoptionsandallowedtopicktheirwaytoadegree.Inshort,drivenbycareerism,"thenation'scollegesanduniversitiesaremoresuccessfulinprovidingcredentialsthaninprovidingaqualityeducationfortheirstudents."Thereportconcludesthatthespecialchallengeconfrontingtheundergraduatecollegeisoneofshapingan"integratedcore"ofcommonlearning.Suchacorewouldintroducestudents"toessentialknowledge,toconnectionsacrossthedisciplines,andintheend,toapplicationofknowledgetolifebeyondthecampus."

Althoughthekeytoagoodcollegeisahigh-qualityfaculty,theCarnegiestudyfoundthatmostcollegesdoverylittletoencouragegoodteaching.Infact,theydomuchtoundermineit.Asoneprofessorobserved"Teachingisimportant,wearetold,andyetfacultyknowthatresearchandpublicationmattermost."Notsurprisingly,overthelasttwentyyearscollegesanduniversitieshavefailedtograduatehalfoftheirfour-yeardegreetenure,promotion,orsubstantialsalaryincreases.Yet70percentofallfacultysaytheirinterestsliemoreinteachingthaninresearch.Additionally,afrequentcomplaintamongyoungscholarsisthat“thereispressuretopublish,althoughthereisvirtuallynointerestamongadministratorsorcolleaguesinthecontentofthepublications.”

1.Whenacollegetriestobeallthingstoallpeople(Lines1,ParA.1),itaimsto（）.

2.Bysayingthat"intoomanyacademicfields,theworkhasnocontext"(Para.1)theauthormeansthattheteachingintheseareas（）.

3.OneofthereasonsforthecurrentcrisisinAmericancollegesanduniversitiesisthat（）.

4.WhydidAmericancollegesanduniversitiesfailtograduatehalfoftheirfour-yeardegreecandidates?

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthe

passagethathigh-qualitycollegeeducationcallsfor（

）.

问题1选项

A.satisfytheneedsofallkindsofstudentsatthesametime

B.focusontrainingstudentsinvariousskills

C.encouragestudentstotakeasmanycoursesaspossible

D.makelearningserveacademicratherthanproductiveends

问题2选项

A.ignorestheactualdanger

B.isnotbasedontherightperspective

C.onlyfocusesonhumanity

D.givesprioritytothecultivationofaglobalvisionamongstudents

问题3选项

A.anarrow-mindedcareerismhascometodominatemanycollege

B.studentsdon'thaveenoughfreedominchoosingwhattheywanttolearn.

C.skillsarebeingtaughtasameanstoanend

D.studentsareonlyinterestedinobtainingcredentials

问题4选项

A.Becausemostofthemlackhigh-qualityfaculties

B.Becausetheinterestsofmostfacultymemberslieinresearch

C.Becausetherearenotenoughhardworkingstudents

D.Becausetheyattachgreaterimportancetoresearchandpublicationthantoteaching

问题5选项

A.fanaticalsupportfromthegovernment

B.acommitmenttostudentsandeffectiveteaching

C.thepracticeofputtinglearningtoproductiveends

D.dedicationtoresearchinfrontierareasofknowledgeonly

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。由题干关键词allthingstoallpeople可以定位到文章第一段中“Indoingso,theyhaveincreasinglycateredtoanarrow-mindedcareerismwhilefailingtocultivateaglobalvisionamongtheirstudents.”中文翻译为“在这样做的过程中，他们越来越倾向于狭隘的职业主义，却未能在学生中培养出全球视野。”以及“Studentsareofferedavarietyofoptionsandallowedtopicktheirwaytoadegree.”，中文翻译为：“学生们可以选择各种不同的方式，并允许他们选择某种程度的课程。”可以推断出C选项：鼓励学生研习尽可能多的课程是其目的。

2.推理判断题。由题干中的intoomanyacademicfields,theworkhasnocontext可以定位到文章第一段中“……skills,ratherthanmeans,havebecomeends”中文大意为“学习的目的是获得技能，而不是获得某种方法。”进一步解释说明了题干这一部分，因此判断出B选项符合题意。

3.推理判断题。读完第一段可知，因为迎合找工作的需要，现在美国的许多大学里出现了教学危机。意味着仅仅为了寻找工作这种狭隘的思想支配了很多大学的教学方向。结合语境，A选项“一种狭隘的职业主义已经占据了许多大学的主导地位”符合题意。

4.细节事实题。由题干关键词可以定位到文章中“Althoughthekeytoagoodcollegeisahigh-qualityfaculty,theCarnegiestudyfoundthatmostcollegesdoverylittletoencouragegoodteaching.”，中文翻译为“.虽然一个好的大学的关键是高质量的教师，卡内基的研究发现，但是大多数大学很少鼓励良好的教学。”，“Infact,theydomuchtoundermineit.”，中文翻译为：“事实上，它们起到了很大的破坏作用。”以及“Asoneprofessorobserved:Teachingisimportant,wearetold,andyetfacultyknowthatresearchandpublicationmattermost.”，中文翻译为：“正如一位教授所说：我们被告知，教学很重要，但教师们知道，研究和出版是最重要的。”可以得知D选项：因为他们更重视研究和出版，而不是教学，最符合题意。

5.推理判断题。由题干关键词high-qualitycollegeeducation可以定位到文章中“Althoughthekeytoagoodcollegeisahigh-qualityfaculty,.…”中文翻译为“虽然要想成为一所好大学的关键是高素质的教师”以及“Asoneprofessorobserved:Teachingisimportant,wearetold,andyetfacultyknowthatresearchandpublicationmattermost.”，中文翻译为：“正如一位教授所说：我们被告知，教学很重要，但教师们知道，研究和出版是最重要的。”可推断出目前正是因为不注重教学注重研究，才会使得一半学生难以毕业。结合语境，B选项：“对学生的义务与有效的教学”最符合。

4.单选题

Aftercompletingthebigdictionarywhichwaspopularlyreceivedbyreaders,thisfamousscholarsetouttocompilea（）toit.

问题1选项

A.complement

B.supplement

C.accessory

D.helper

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:complement“补足物”；B:supplement“增补，补充”；C:accessory“附件”；D:helper“助手”。句意：在完成了这部被读者普遍接受的大字典之后，这位著名的学者打算对其补充。根据句意判断出B为正确答案。

5.单选题

Astatementfromthegovernmentneedstobemadeto（）themisunderstandingresultingfromtherumors.

问题1选项

A.clarify

B.illuminate

C.refine

D.decompose

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:clarify“使澄清；清楚”；B:illuminate“照明；阐明”；C:refine“提炼；改善；使高雅”；D:decompose“（使）（死去的动植物）腐烂”。句意：政府的声明需要澄清因谣言产生的误解。根据“misunderstanding误解”可知A能构成动宾搭配，故A为正确答案。

6.单选题

My（）isforwildflowersratherthancultivatedones.

问题1选项

A.inclination

B.favorite

C.preference

D.fondness

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:inclination“意向；倾向；爱好”；B:favorite“特别喜爱的人（或物）”；C:preference“喜好；偏好；偏爱”；D:fondness“喜欢；喜爱”。句意：我偏爱野生花而不是栽培花。根据语境和句意，这里含有比较级结构，因此C最合适。

7.单选题

Althoughnotaneconomisthimself,Dr.Smithhaslongbeenaseverecriticofthe（）government’spolicies.

问题1选项

A.economical

B.economy

C.economic

D.economics

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A:economical“节俭的，经济的；经济实惠的”；B:economy“经济；节约”；C:economic“经济上的，经济学的”；D:economics“经济学”。句意：尽管史密斯博士不是一个经济学家，但是长期以来，对政府的经济上的政策来说，他是一个严厉的评论家。根据语境和句意可知C为正确答案。

8.单选题

Underthepresentsystem,stateenterprisesmust（）allprofitstothegovernment.

问题1选项

A.turndown

B.turnto

C.turnout

D.turnin

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组。A:turndown“减少；关小”；B:turnto“求助于……”；C:turnout“结果是；关掉”；D:turnin“上交；归还”。句意：在现行制度下，国有企业必须向政府上交全部利润。根据语境可知D为正确答案。

9.单选题

Oneafternoonwhileshewaspreparingdinnerinherkitchen,AnnePeters,a32-year-oldAmericanhousewife,suddenlyhadseverepainsinherchestaccompaniedbyshortnessofbreath.Frightenedbythethoughtthatshewashavingaheartattack,Annescreamedforhelp.HerhusbandimmediatelyrushedAnnetoanearbyhospitalwhereherpainswerediagnosedashavingbeencausedbypanic,andnotaheartattack.

MoreandmoreAmericansnowadaysarehavingpanicattacksliketheoneexperiencedbyAnnePeters.BenjaminCrocker,apsychologistattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,revealthatasmanyastenmillionadultAmericanshavealreadyexperiencedorwillexperienceatleastonepanicattackintheirlifetime.Moreover,studiesconductedbytheNationalInstituteofMentalHealthintheUnitedStatesdisclosethatapproximately1.2millionadultindividualsarecurrently

sufferingfromsevereandrecurrentpanicattacks.

Theseattacksmaylastforonlyafewminutes;some,however,continueforseveralhours.Thesymptomsofpanicattacksbearsuchremarkablesimilaritytothoseofheartattacksthatmanyvictimsbelievethattheyareindeedhavingaheartattack.

Panicattackvictimsshowthefollowingsymptoms:theyoftenbecomeeasilyfrightenedorfeeluneasyinsituationswherepeoplenormallywouldnotbeafraid;theysuffershortnessofbreath,experiencechestpains,aquickheartbeat,suddenfitsoftrembling,afeelingthatpersonsandthingsaroundthemarenotreal;andmostofall,afearofdyingorgoingcrazy.Apersonseizedbyapanicattackmayshowallorasfewasfourofthesesymptoms.

Therehasbeenalotofexplanationsastothecausesofpanicattacks.Manyclaimthatpsychologicalstresscouldbealogicalcause,butasyet,noevidencehasbeenfoundtosupportthistheory.However,studiesshowthatmorewomenthanmenexperiencepanicattacksandpeoplewhodrinkalotaswellasthosewhousedrugsaremorelikelytosufferattacks.

Itisreportedthatthereareatleastthreesignsthatindicateapersonissufferingfromapanicattackratherthanaheartattack.Thefirstisage.Peoplebetweentheagesof20and30aremoreoftenvictimsofpanicattacks.Thesecondissex.Morewomensufferfromrecurrentpanicattacksthanmen.Thethirdisthemultiplicityofsymptoms.Apanicattackvictimusuallysuffersatleastfourofthepreviouslymentionedsymptoms,whileaheartattackvictimoftenexperiencesonlypainandshortnessofbreath.

Itisgenerallyagreedthatapanicattackdoesnotdirectlyendangeraperson'slife.Allthesame,itcanunnecessarilydisruptaperson'slifebymakinghimorhersoafraidofhavingapanicattackinapublicplacethatheorshemayrefusetoleavehomeandmayeventuallybecomeisolatedfromtherestofsociety.Dr.Crocker'sadvicetoanypersonwhothinksherissufferingfromapanicattackistoconsultadoctorforamedicalexaminationtoruleoutthepossibilitiesofphysicalillnessfirst.Onceithasbeenconfirmedthatheorsheis,infact,sufferingfrompanicattack,thevictimshouldseekpsychologicalandmedicalhelp.

1.Accordingtothepassage,panicattackis（

）.

2.Onefactorbothpanicandheartattackshaveincommonis（

）.

3.Itisindicatedinthelastparagraphthatpanicattackmay（

）.

4.Dr.Crockersuggeststhatforpanicattacksufferers,（

）.

问题1选项

A.bothfrighteningandfatal

B.actuallyaformofheartattack

C.morecommonamongwomenthanmen

D.likelytolastseveralhours

问题2选项

A.afeelingoffaintness.

B.uncontrollablemovements

C.ahorrorofgoingmad

D.difficultyinbreathing.

问题3选项

A.makeavictimreluctanttoleavehomeanymore.

B.threatenavictim'sphysicalwell-being.

C.causeserioussocialproblemsforthevictim'sfamily.

D.preventavictimfromenjoyingsportanymore.

问题4选项

A.physicalfitnessisnotsocrucial

B.amedicalcheckupisneededtoconfirmtheillness.

C.psychologicalandmedicalhelpisnecessary

D.nutritionaladviceisessentialtocurethedisease.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据C选项“妇女比男子更普遍”可定位到文章第五段“However,studiesshowthatmorewomenthanmenexperiencepanicattacksandpeoplewhodrinkalotaswellasthosewhousedrugsaremorelikelytosufferattacks.”，中文翻译为：不过，研究表明，女人得恐慌症的比男人多，酗酒者和吸毒者更容易得恐慌症。故选C。

2.细节事实题。根据题干可以定位到文章第四段“Panicattackvictimsshowthefollowingsymptoms:theyoftenbecomeeasilyfrightenedorfeeluneasyinsituationswherepeoplenormallywouldnotbeafraid;theysuffershortnessofbreath,experiencechestpains,aquickheartbeat,suddenfitsoftrembling,afeelingthatpersonsandthingsaroundthemarenotreal;andmostofall,afearofdyingorgoingcrazy.Apersonseizedbyapanicattackmayshowallorasfewasfourofthesesymptoms.”，中文翻译为：恐怖症患者表现出以下症状：他们常常很容易受到惊吓，在一般人不会害怕的环境中感到不安；他们呼吸短促，胸痛，心跳加快，突然一阵颤抖，感觉周围的人和事物都不是真实的；最重要的是，对死亡或发疯的恐惧。一个惊恐发作的人可能会表现出这些症状的全部或少至四种。以及第六段“Apanicattackvictimusuallysuffersatleastfourofthepreviouslymentionedsymptoms,whileaheartattackvictimoftenexperiencesonlypainandshortnessofbreath.”，中文翻译为：一个恐慌症病人通常至少会有四种前面谈到的症状，而心脏病患者往往只感觉到疼痛和呼吸急促。因此可知D项“呼吸困难”正确。

3.推理判断题。根据题干可以定位到文章尾段“Itisgenerallyagreedthatapanicattackdoesnotdirectlyendangeraperson'slife.Allthesame,itcanunnecessarilydisruptaperson'slifebymakinghimorhersoafraidofhavingapanicattackinapublicplacethatheorshemayrefusetoleavehomeandmayeventuallybecomeisolatedfromtherestofsociety.”，中文翻译为：人们普遍认为恐慌症的发作不会直接危及一个人的生命。尽管如此，它会不必要地扰乱一个人的生活，使他或她非常害怕在公共场所出现恐慌症发作，他或她可能会拒绝离开家，最终可能会与社会隔离。判断出A项“使患者不再愿意离开家门”正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章尾段“Dr.Crocker'sadvicetoanypersonwhothinksherissufferingfromapanicattackistoconsultadoctorforamedicalexaminationtoruleoutthepossibilitiesofphysicalillnessfirst.Onceithasbeenconfirmedthatheorsheis,infact,sufferingfrompanicattack,thevictimshouldseekpsychologicalandmedicalhelp.”，中文翻译为：克罗克尔博士建议任何自以为得了恐慌症的人要去看医生，进行医疗检查，以首先排除身体疾病的可能性。一旦被确诊真的得了恐慌症，患者应寻求心理和医疗的帮助。故答案为C“心理和医疗帮助是必要的”。

10.单选题

Thecapitalintendedtobroadentheexportbaseand（

）efficiencygainsfrominternationaltradewaschanneledinsteadintouneconomicimportsubstitution.

问题1选项

A.secure

B.extend

C.defend

D.possess

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项secure“保护（使免受危险或失败），提供保证；获得，取得”；B选项extend“延伸，扩大”；C选项defend“防护，辩护，防卫”；D选项possess“占有，拥有；缠住，迷住”。句意：本打算用来扩大出口基地从而有效地从国际贸易中获得效益的资金却用到了没有经济效益的进口贸易中去了。根据句意可知，且选项中能与gains搭配的只有secure，故A选项正确。

11.单选题

ThedilemmaIwascaughtinseveralyearsagobearsaclose（）totheoneyouareinvolvedintoday,soperhapsIcangiveyousomeadvice.

问题1选项

A.likeness

B.resemblance

C.analogy

D.familiarity

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:likeness“相像；相似物；样子”；B:resemblance“相似性”；C:analogy“类比，类似”；D:familiarity“熟悉，精通”。句意：几年之前我经历的困境和你现在所处的困境是极其相似的，所以也许我能给你一些建议。结合此处语境，谈及到两者具有相似性，因此B为正确答案。

12.单选题

Themagicianpickedseveralpersons（）fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.

问题1选项

A.byaccident

B.atrandom

C.onoccasion

D.onaverage

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组。A:byaccident“偶然”；B:atrandom“随机”；C:onoccasion“有时；间或”；D:onaverage“平均起来”。句意：魔术师从观众中胡乱挑选了几个人，请他们帮助他进行表演。根据语境和句意，B最合适。

13.单选题

Mr.Smithhadanunusual（

）:hewasfirstanofficeclerk,thenasailor,andendedupasaschoolteacher.

问题1选项

A.profession

B.occupation

C.position

D.career

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A选项profession“（需要教育、大量训练和专门学习的法律、医学、教育等脑力劳动方面的）专业或职业”；B选项occupation“（成为正常的生活来源的一项活动）职业，行业，位置”；C选项position“（雇用）职位，工作，职务”；D选项career“事业，生涯；某人工作经历或事业上取得成就的总的过程或进程”。句意：史密斯先生有着不寻常的人生：他起初当过办公室职员，然后当海员，最终做了一名教师。根据句意，选项D选项正确。

14.单选题

Forcenturiesanimalshavebeenusedas（）forpeopleinexperimentstoassesstheeffectsoftherapeuticandotheragentsthatmightlaterbeusedinhumans.

问题1选项

A.benefactors

B.companions

C.precedent

D.surrogates

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:benefactor“捐助者”；B:companion“同伴”；C:precedent“先例”；D:surrogate“代理；代用品，代替”。句意：几个世纪以来，动物在实验中被用作人类的替代品，用来评价那些以后会用在人类身上的医疗制剂和其他制剂的效果。根据语境和句意可知D为正确答案。

15.单选题

IfItakethismedicinetwiceadayitshould（）mycold.

问题1选项

A.heat

B.cure

C.treat

D.recover

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A:heat“使温暖，使发热”；B:cure“治疗，治愈”；C:treat“对待；治疗”；D:recover“恢复；重新获得”。句意：假如这种药我一天吃两次，它就可以治愈我的感冒。结合此处语境，和感冒相关，故B为正确答案。

16.单选题

Whenthecommittee（

）todetails,theproposedplanseemedimpractical.

问题1选项

A.gotdown

B.setabout

C.wentoff

D.cameup

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组getdowndosth./doingsth.“开始认真注意（或对待）某事”。句意：当委员会着手讨论所提出的计划的细节时，发现该计划似乎并不实际。结合句意可知A选项正确。

17.单选题

Inmodernsociety,peoplehavemoreandmoreanxietyindailylifeaswellasinworkbecauseofthe（）ofthecitylife.

问题1选项

A.speed

B.rhythm

C.velocity

D.tempo

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:speed“速度；快速”；B:rhythm“节奏”；C:velocity“速率”；D:tempo“［乐］速度，拍子”。句意：在现代社会，由于城市生活的节奏，人们在日常生活和工作中都有更多焦虑。结合此处语境，B为正确答案。

18.单选题

Manyphotographersprefertotakepictures（）,whentheycantakeadvantageofthespecialeffectsofthesettingsun.

问题1选项

A.atnoon

B.attwilight

C.inthemorning

D.inthefall

【答案】B

【解析】考查介词短语。句意：当它们能够利用落日的特殊效果时，很多摄影师更喜欢在黄昏拍照。根据关键词thesettingsun，中文翻译为：落日，判断出B为正确答案。

19.单选题

Wesincerelyhopeyouwillsoonbe（）tohealth.

问题1选项

A.restored

B.recovered

C.returned

D.renewed

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。restore（to）“恢复，恢复成（某个样子），及物动词，多用于被动语态，强调用外力来恢复原状”。句意：我们真诚地希望你们不久就能恢复健康。根据句意，A为正确答案。

20.单选题

Iamnot（

）withmyroommatebutIhavetosharetheroomwithherebecauseIhavenowhereelsetolive.

问题1选项

A.concerned

B.compatible

C.considerate

D.complied

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。becompatiblewith“（机器）相互兼容的；（想法或事物）可共存的，可共用的；（人）关系好的”。句意：我与室友合不来，但我还得和她住一起，因为我没有其他地方可住。结合此处句意，判断出选项B正确。

21.单选题

Noagreementwasreachedinthediscussionasneithersidewouldgivewayto（）.

问题1选项

A.theother

B.anyother

C.another

D.other

【答案】A

【解析】考查代词。由关键词neitherside可以推断出有两方。A:theother“其中的另一个”。句意：讨论中，双方未达成协议，因为双方都不愿意让步。因此A符合题意。

22.单选题

Theboyssmoked（）becausetheyfearedtheywouldbescoldedbytheparents.

问题1选项

A.onthesly

B.ontheside

C.tothepoint

D.onthespot

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。A:onthesly“秘密地；暗地里”；B:ontheside“作为副业；秘密地；非法地”;C:tothepoint“中肯，扼要”；D:onthespot“当场；现场；在现场”。句意：因为他们害怕父母责骂，所以这些男孩偷偷抽烟。根据后文：becausetheyfearedtheywouldbescoldedbytheparents.可知A符合语境，为正确答案。

23.单选题

Youdon’thavetoinstallthisradioinyournewcar,it’san（

）extra.

问题1选项

A.excessive

B.optional

C.additional

D.arbitrary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析题。A选项excessive“过多的，过分的，额外的”；B选项optional“可选择的，随意的”；C选项additional“另外的，附加的，额外的”；D选项arbitrary“任意的，武断的，独裁的”。句意：你不一定非得在新车上安装收音机，它是可选的配件。结合此处语义，B选项正确。

24.单选题

SomehistoriansareconvincedthatRomewasacorruptkingdomthatdeservedto（）.

问题1选项

A.die

B.expire

C.perish

D.cease

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项die“死亡；消失”，多用于指“有生命的人或物消亡”；B选项expire“（因到期而）失效；届满；去世”，表示“死亡”时，更强调这个动作，理解为“断气”；C选项perish“死亡；毁灭”，多用于文学用语，强调事物消失；D选项cease“（使）停止，终止，结束”。句意：一些历史学家认为罗马是一个腐败的王国，理应消亡。根据词语的偏向性及语境，此处应指“罗马王国的消失”，C选项正确。

25.单选题

Theinaugurationofthenewpresidentwillbeheldat8o'clock（）.

问题1选项

A.sharply

B.right

C.prompt

D.punctually

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词词义辨析题。A:sharply“严厉地；锋利地”；B:right“立刻”;C:prompt“迅速的；敏捷的”；D:punctually“准时地”。句意：新总统的就职典礼将于8点准时举行。根据前文“在八点”得知表示时间的准点，因此可知D为正确答案。

26.单选题

Thefactthatthegoldeneagleusuallybuildsitsnestonsomehighcliffs（

）italmostimpossibletoobtaintheeggsortheyoungbirds.

问题1选项

A.renders

B.reckons

C.regards

D.relates

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项render“致使”；B选项reckon“计算；认为，把……看作”；C选项regard“看待，认为”；D选项relate“有联系，连接”。句意：金雕通常将巢筑在高高的悬崖上，这一事实使得获取鸟蛋或小鸟几乎不可能。结合句意，可知A选项正确。

27.单选题

ThismonthSingaporepassedabillthatwouldgivelegalteethtothemoralobligationtosupportone'sparents.CalledtheMaintenanceofParentsBill,itreceivedthebackingoftheSingaporeGovernment.

Thatdoesnotmeanithasn’tgenerateddiscussion.SeveralmembersoftheParliamentopposedthemeasureasun-Asian.Otherswhoacknowledgedtheproblemoftheelderlypoorbelieveditadisproportionateresponse.Stillothersbelieveitwillsubvertrelationswithinthefamily:cynicsdubbeditthe"SueYourSon”law.

Thosewhosaythatthebilldoesnotpromotefilialresponsibility,ofcourse,areright.Ithasnothingtodowithfilialresponsibility,itkicksinwherefilialresponsibilityfails.Thelawcannotlegislatefilialresponsibilityanymorethanitcanlegislatelove.Allthelawcandoistoprovideasafetynetwherethismoralityprovesinsufficient.Singaporeneedsthisbillnottoreplacemorality,buttoprovideincentivestoshoreitup.

Likemanyotherdevelopednations,Singaporefacestheproblemsofanincreasingproportionofpeopleover60yearsofage.Demographyisinexorable.In1980,7.2%ofthepopulationwasinthisbracket.Bytheturnofthecentury,thatfigurewillgrowto11%.By2030,theproportionisprojectedtobe2%.Theproblemisnotoldage.Itisthattheratioofeconomicallyactivepeopletoeconomicallyinactivepeoplewilldecline.

Butnoamountofgovernmentexhortationorpaternalismwillcompletelyeliminatetheproblemofoldpeoplewhohaveinsufficientmeanstomakeendsmeet.Somepeoplewillfallthroughtheholesinanysafetynet.

Traditionally,aperson'sinsuranceagainstpovertyinhisoldagewashisfamily.Thisisnotrevolutionaryconcept.NorisituniquelyAsianCareandsupportforone'sparentsisauniversalvaluesharedbyallcivilizedsocieties.

TheprobleminSingaporeisthatthemoralobligationtolookafterone'sparentsisunenforceable.Afathercanbecompelledbylawtomaintainhischildren,ahusbandcanbeforcedtosupporthiswife.But,untilnow,asonordaughterhadnolegalobligationtosupporthisorherparent.

In1989,anAdvisoryCouncilwassetuptolookintotheproblemsoftheageD.Itsreportstatedwithatingeofcomplacencythat95%ofthosewhodidnothavetheirownincomewerereceivingcashcontributionsfromrelations.Butwhataboutthe5%whoaren’tgettingrelativessupport?Theyhaveseveraloptions:(a)getajobandworkuntiltheydie;(b)applyforpublicassistance(youhavetobedestitutetoapply);or(c)starvequietly.Noneoftheseoptionsissociallyacceptableandwhatifthis5%figuregrows,asitislikelytodo,associetyages?

TheMaintenanceofParentsBillwasputforthtoencouragethetraditionalvirtuesthathavesofarkeptAsiannationsfr