2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京航空航天大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号91

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-北京航空航天大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Lymediseaseiscausedbybacteriathatare（）bydeertick.

问题1选项

A.emitted

B.transmitted

C.communicated

D.distributed

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。B选项transmitted意为“传播，传染（疾病）”。句意：莱姆病是一种由鹿蜱传播的细菌所（）的疾病。A选项emitted发出，发射；B选项transmitted传播，传染（疾病）；C选项communicated传达，表达；D选项distributed分配，散布。B选项transmitted符合句意

2.单选题

Perfectcertaintybelongsonlytothegods；therestofushavetomakedowithscienceandits（）.

问题1选项

A.imperfections

B.conclusions

C.methodologies

D.hyperbole

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析。句意：完美只属于上帝，其余的我们必须用科学弥补。imperfections不完美；conclusions结论；methodologies方法论；hyperbole夸张。故选A。

3.单选题

Hefoundhisnewacquaintancetobe（）:tryingtounderstandherpersonalitywaslike

peeringintoanunknowndimension.

问题1选项

A.cosmopolitan

B.imperturbable

C.inscrutable

D.puerile

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：他发现他新结识的朋友

，尝试了解她的性格就如同窥探未知的领域。

cosmopolitan世界性的；世界主义的，四海一家的；imperturbable冷静的；泰然自若的；inscrutable神秘的；不可理解的；不能预测的；不可思议的；puerile幼稚的；孩子气的；未成熟的；天真的。因此，C项符合句意。

4.单选题

Veryfewpeopleunderstoodhislecture,thesubjectofwhichwasvery（）.

问题1选项

A.intelligible

B.obscure

C.dim

D.conspicuous

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：很少有人能理解他的演说，内容太

。

intelligible可理解的，明白易懂的；obscure晦涩的，昏暗的；dim暗淡的，模糊的；conspicuous显著的，出众的。句子前半句说“很少有人能理解他的演说”，由此推断，B项符合句意。

5.单选题

Johnwasnotselected（）;hewaschosenforthejobbecausehehadthemostexperience.

问题1选项

A.deliberately

B.alternatively

C.momentously

D.arbitrarily

【答案】D

【解析】副词辨析。句意：John并不是被（）选择的；他被选来承担这份工作是因为他拥有的工作经验最丰富。

deliberately故意地，谨慎地，慎重地；alternatively非此即彼，二者择一地；momentously重大地；arbitrarily随意地，武断地。D选项“随意地”符合句意。

6.单选题

Mr.Smithbecamevery（）whenitwassuggestedthathehadmadeamistake.

问题1选项

A.ingenious

B.empirical

C.objective

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：当史密斯先生被暗示犯了一个错误时，他变得非常（）。ingenious灵敏的，聪明的；empirical以事实为依据的；objective客观的；indignant愤怒的。故选D。

7.单选题

TheFrenchwordrenaissancemeansrebirth.Itwasfirstusedin1855bythehistorianJulesicheletinhisHistoryofFrance,thenadoptedbyhistoriansofculture,byarthistorians,andeventu-allybymusichistorians,allofwhomappliedittoEuropeancultureduringthe150yearsspanning450-1600.TheconceptofrebirthwasappropriatetothisperiodofEuropeanhistorybecauseoftheewedinterestinancientGreekandRomanculturethatbeganinItalyandthenspreadthroughouturope.ScholarsandartistsofthefifteenthandsixteenthcenturieswantedtorestorethelearninganddealsoftheclassicalcivilizationsofGreeceandRome.Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohu-man—asopposedtospiritual—values.Fulfillmentinlife—asopposedtoconcernaboutanafter-life—becameadesirablegoal,andexpressingtheentirerangeofhumanemotionsandenjoyingtheleasuresofthesenseswerenolongerfrownedon.Artistsandwritersnowturnedtosecularaswellaseligioussubjectmatterandsoughttomaketheirworksunderstandableandappealing.

ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed，experienced,discussed,anddis-seminated.Theycouldseethearchitecturalmonuments,sculptures,plays,andpoemsthatwerebe-ingrediscovered,buttheycouldnotactuallyhearancientmusic—althoughtheycouldreadthewrit-ingsofclassicalphilosophers,poets,essayists,andmusictheoriststhatwerebecomingavailableintranslation.Theylearnedaboutthepowerofancientmusictomovethelistenerandwonderedwhymodernmusicdidnothavethesameeffect.Forexample,theinfluentialreligiousleaderBernardinoCirilloexpresseddisappointmentwiththelearnedmusicofhistime.Heurgedmusicianstofollowtheexampleofthesculptors,painters,architects,andscholarswhohadrediscoveredancientartandlit-erature.

ThemusicalRenaissanceinEuropewasmoreageneralculturalmovementandstateofmindthanaspecificsetofmusicaltechniques.Furthermore,musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf—thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthinkersoftheRenaissancewereseekingarebirthof().

3.Accordingtothepassage,RenaissanceartistsandwritershadallofthefollowingintentionsEX-CEPT().

4.Theword“disseminated”inline16isclosestinmeaningto()

5.WhichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasareasonfortheabsenceofasingleRenais-sancemusicalstyle?

问题1选项

A.ThemusicalcompositionsthatbestillustratethedevelopmentsduringtheEuropeanRenais-sance.

B.ThemusicaltechniquesthatwereinuseduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.

C.TheEuropeanRenaissanceasaculturaldevelopmentthatincludedchangesinmusicalstyle.

D.TheancientGreekandRomanmusicalpracticesusedduringtheEuropeanRenaissance.

问题2选项

A.communicationamongartistsacrossEurope

B.spiritualityineverydaylife

C.aculturalemphasisonhumanvalues

D.religiousthemesinartthatwouldaccompanythetraditionalsecularthemes

问题3选项

A.usingreligiousthemes

B.portrayingonlythepleasantpartsofhumanexperience

C.producingartthatpeoplewouldfindattractive

D.creatingworksthatwereeasilyunderstood

问题4选项

A.played

B.documented

C.spread

D.analyzed

问题5选项

A.ThemusicalRenaissancewasdefinedbytechniqueratherthanstyle.

B.ThemusicalRenaissancewastooshorttogiverisetoanewmusicalstyle.

C.RenaissancemusiciansadoptedthestylesofbothGreekandRomanmusicians.

D.DuringtheRenaissance,musicneverremainedthesameforverylong.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章开头介绍了“复兴”一词的来源及兴起。第二段写文艺复兴影响人们音乐思考和音乐创作的方式。第三段写这一时期的音乐风格多变，很难定义为单一的音乐类型。C项对文意的概括比较全面，所以C项正确。

2.第一段指出：Tothesescholarsthismeantareturntohuman—asopposedtospiritual一values（对于这些学者而言，文艺复兴意味着对人类价值而非精神方面的回归）。C项“重视人类价值观的主张”符合原文意思。

3.B项“仅仅描述人生经历中快乐的部分”不是艺术家和作家的目的，故选B。

4.“disseminated”出现在第二段:ThesechangesinoutlookdeeplyaffectedthemusicalcultureoftheRenaissanceperiod—howpeoplethoughtaboutmusicaswellasthewaymusicwascomposed,experienced,discussed,anddisseminated.（这些观点的改变深深地影响了文艺复兴时期的音乐文化——人们思考音乐的方式以及音乐的创作、体验、争议和）。所以，C项spread“传播”正确。

5.第三段指出：musicchangedsorapidlyduringthiscenturyandahalf—thoughatdifferentratesindifferentcountries—thatwecannotdefineasingleRenaissancestyle（在本世纪半叶，音乐变化如此之快，尽管在不同的国家以不同的速度变化，但我们无法定义一种文艺复兴风格）。所以“changedsorapidly”是原因，D项“音乐无法长时间的保持一种形式”正确。

8.单选题

Thetownplanningcommissionsaidthattheirfinancial（）forthenextfiscal

yearwasoptimistic;theyexpectincreasedtaxrevenues.

问题1选项

A.outlook

B.oversight

C.notion

D.subject

【答案】A

【解析】名词辨析。句意：城市规划委员会表示，他们对下一个财政年度的财务前景持乐观态度；他们预计税收会增加。

9.单选题

Thenewsitemaboutthefireisfollowedbyadetailedreportmade（）.

问题1选项

A.onthelocation

B.onthesite

C.onthespot

D.ontheground

【答案】C

【解析】短语辨析。句意：火灾的新闻之后是一份详细的现场报告。因此选C。

10.单选题

Racket,dinclamor,noise,whateveryouwanttocallit,unwantedsoundisAmerica’smostwidespreadnuisance.Butnoiseismorethanjustanuisance.Itconstitutesarealandpresentdangertopeople’shealth.Dayandnight,athome,atwork,andatplay,noisecanproduceseriousphysicalandpsychologicalstress.Nooneisimmunetothisstress.Thoughweseemtoadjusttonoisebyignoringit,theear,infact,neverclosesandthebodystillresponds——sometimeswithextremetension,astoastrangesoundinthenight.

Theannoyancewefeelwhenfacedwithnoiseisthemostcommonoutwardsymptomofthestressbuildingupinsideus.Indeed,becauseirritabilityissoapparent,legislatorshavemadepublicannoy-ancethebasisofmanynoiseabatementprograms.Themoresubtleandmoreserioushealthhazardsassociatedwithstresscausedbynoisetraditionallyhavebeengivenmuchlessattention.Nevertheless,whenweareannoyedormadeirritablebynoise,weshouldconsiderthesesymptomsfairwarningthatotherthingmaybehappeningtous,someofwhichmaybedamagingtoourhealth.Ofmanyhealthhazardstonoise,hearinglossisthemostclearlyobservableandmeasurablebyhealthprofessionals.Theotherhazardsarehardertopindown.Formanyofus,theremaybeariskthatexposuretothestressofnoiseincreasessusceptibilitytodiseaseandinfection.Themoresusceptibleamongusmayexperiencenoiseasacomplicatingfactorinheartproblemsandotherdiseases.Noisethatcausesan-noyanceandirritabilityinhealthpersonsmayhaveseriousconsequencesforthesealreadyillinmindorbody.

Noiseaffectsusthroughoutourlives.Forexample,thereareindicationsofeffectsontheunbornchildwhenmothersareexposedtoindustrialandenvironmentalnoise.Duringinfancyandchildhood,youngstersexposedtohighnoiselevelsmayhavetroublefallingasleepandobtainingnecessarya-mountsofrest.

Why,then,istherenotgreateralarmaboutthesedangers?Perhapsitisbecausethelinkbe-tweennoiseandmanydisabilitiesordiseaseshasnotyetbeenconclusivelydemonstrated.Perhapsitisbecausewetendtodismissannoyanceasapricetopayforlivinginthemodernworld.Itmayalsobebecausewestillthinkofhearinglossasonlyanoccupationalhazard.

1.InParagraph1,thephrase“immuneto”isusedtomean（）.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardnoisewouldbestbedescribedas（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthemainideaofthepassage?

4.Theauthorcondemnsnoiseessentiallybecauseit（）.

5.Theauthorwouldprobablyconsiderresearchabouttheeffectsnoisehasonpeopletobe（）.

问题1选项

A.unaffectedby

B.hurtby

C.unlikelytobeseenby

D.unknownby

问题2选项

A.unrealistic

B.traditional

C.concerned

D.hysterical

问题3选项

A.Noiseisamajorproblem;mostpeoplerecognizeitsimportance.

B.Althoughnoisecanbeannoying,itisnotamajorproblem.

C.Noiseisamajorproblemandhasnotyetbeenrecognizedassuch.

D.Noiseisamajorproblemaboutwhichnothingcanbedone.

问题4选项

A.isagainstthelaw

B.canmakesomepeopleirritable

C.isanuisance

D.isadangertopeople’shealth

问题5选项

A.unimportant

B.impossible

C.awasteofmoney

D.essential

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.根据“immuneto”定位至其后面一句：Thoughweseemtoadjusttonoisebyignoringit,theear,infact,neverclosesandthebodystillresponds（尽管我们似乎通过忽视噪音来适应噪音，但实际上，耳朵永远不会关闭，身体仍然会做出反应），由此推断我们不可能不受噪音的影响，选项A"unaffectedby”表示“不受影响”。

2.文章最后一段提出：为什么人们没有对噪音问题更为警醒，并且后面给出了若干猜测的理由，都指出了人们对噪音问题不够重视，说明作者十分关注噪音对人类的健康产生的影响，因此C项正确。

3.文章第一段和最后一段的大意为：噪音已经成为一个普遍的问题，但是人们并没有重视噪音对人体健康产生的危害。选项C表示“噪音是一个主流问题，但并没有被充分意识到”符合题意。

4.文章指出：噪音会对人体的身心健康产生危害，并且围绕这一点展开，因此D选项“对人们的健康是一种威胁”符合题意。

5.最后一段指出：人们对噪音对健康的危害不够重视，并且噪音和疾病以及残疾之间的关系并没有得到证实，由此推断，作者认为对噪音的研究是有必要的，可以以此唤醒人们对此的注意，故选项Dessential“有必要的”符合题意。

11.单选题

Inrecentyears,teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable.Today,excellentanthologies（文选）andotherintroductorytextsexist,andbooksonindividualAsianAmeri-cansarepublishedalmostweekly.Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttode-cidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents；non-expertswhoteachinrelatedareasandarelookingforwritingsforandbyAsianAmericantoincludeinsurveycoursesareinanevenworseposition.

Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias.Suchworkswouldena-blestudentstakingAsianAmericanstudiescourses（andprofessorsinrelatedfields）tolookupbasicinformationonAsianAmericanindividuals,institutions,history,andculturewithouthavingtowadethrough（费力地阅读冗长或艰深的材料）mountainsofprimarysourcematerial.Inaddition,given

suchworks,AsianAmericanstudiesprofessorsmightfeelmorefreetoincludemorechallengingAsianAmericanmaterialintheirintroductoryreadinglists,sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoac-quireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial.

1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（）.

2.The“dilemma”(Line2，Para.1)canbestbecharacterizedasbeingcausedbythenecessitytomakeachoicewhenfacedwitha（）

3.Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopediasare（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisimpliedabouttheintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudiesafewdecadesago?

5.Accordingtothepassage,theexistenceofgoodone-volumereferenceworksaboutAsianAmeri-canscouldresultin（）

问题1选项

A.respondingtoacriticism

B.describingacourseofstudy

C.discussingaproblem

D.evaluatingapastcourseofaction

问题2选项

A.lackofacceptablealternatives

B.lackofstrictstandardsforevaluatingalternatives

C.preponderanceofbadalternativesascomparedtogood

D.multitudeofdifferentalternatives

问题3选项

A.primarysourcematerials

B.introductorytexts

C.excellentanthologies

D.referencematerials

问题4选项

A.Therangeofdifferenttextbooksthatcouldbeassignedforsuchwasextremelylimited.

B.Thetextsassignedasreadingsinsuchcourseswereoftennotverychallengingforstudents.

C.Studentsoftencomplainedaboutthetextsassignedtothem,insuchcourses.

D.Suchcourseswereofferedonlyatschoolswhoselibrarieswererichinprimarysources.

问题5选项

A.increasedagreementamongprofessorsofAsianAmericanstudiesregardingthequalityofthesourcesavailableintheirfield

B.anincreaseinthenumberofstudentssighingupforintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudies

C.increasedaccuracyinwritingsthatconcernAsianAmericanhistoryandculture

D.theinclusionofawiderrangeofAsianAmericanmaterialinintroductoryreadinglistsinAsi-anAmericanstudies

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.主旨题。本文主要讲述了亚美研究中教授基础课程的老师一直面临着不知道向学生推荐哪本教科书的困境。因此C项正确。

2.细节题。第一段指出：Evenprofessorswhoareexpertsinthefieldfinditdifficulttodecidewhichofthesetoassigntostudents（即使是这个领域的专家也很难推荐教科书），因此，D项“面临多种选择的困境”正确。

3.细节题。根据题干关键词“Biographicaldictionariesanddesktopencyclopedias”定位至第二段：Acomplicatingfactorhasbeenthecontinuinglackofspecializedone-volumereferenceworksonAsianAmericans,suchasbiographicaldictionariesordesktopencyclopedias（一个复杂的原因是在亚裔美国人身上一直缺乏专门的一卷参考书，如传记词典或桌面百科全书）。因此，D项referencematerials（参考资料）正确。

4.细节题。第一段指出：Inrecentyears，teachersofintroductorycoursesinAsianAmericanstudieshavebeenfacingadilemmanonexistentafewdecadesago,whenhardlyanytextsinthatfieldwereavailable（近几年来，亚美研究入门课程的教师们面临着几十年前不存在的两难境地，当时几乎没有这方面的教材）。因此，A项“能用作教科书的资料极其有限”正确。

5.细节题。第二段指出：sincegoodreferenceworksallowstudentstoacquireontheirownthebackgroundinformationnecessarytointerpretdifficultorunfamiliarmaterial（因为好的参考资料可以让学生获得必要的背景信息并解读难的不熟悉的资料）。因此D项“包含在更广泛的亚美研究的阅读书目中”正确。

12.单选题

Thoughsometimes（）alltoooftentechnologyisseenasapanaceaforthegreateconomic,social,andpoliticalchallengesfacingthenationasitembarksonthepathofmodernization.

问题1选项

A.expensive

B.effective

C.ignored

D.calamitous

【答案】C

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：尽管技术有时（），但常常被视为应对高速经济发展和现代化道路中面临

的政治挑战的灵丹妙药。expensive昂贵的；effective有效的；ignored被忽视的；calamitous灾难的。因此，C项符合句意。

13.单选题

Ashasalwaysbeenthecasewhentragedyhasstruckourcommunity,thepeopleofourtownfeeltheobligation,andrightlyso,to（）insupportofthevictimandhisfamily.

问题1选项

A.entrench

B.rally

C.disseminate

D.apologize

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。句意：当社会内有悲剧事情发生时，我们镇的居民感到有义务，（）以支持受害者和他的家人。entrench保卫、防护；rally重整、团结；disseminate散播、宣传；apologizes道歉。B项rallyin意为“举行集会”符合句意。

14.单选题

Asforloveofchildren,thisloveis（）expressedthroughsupplyingmaterialcomforts,a-musements,andeducationalopportunities.

问题1选项

A.increasingly

B.tolerably

C.dynamically

D.obediently

【答案】A

【解析】副词辨析。句意：至于对孩子的爱，这种爱总是表现在

为他们提供物质上的安逸，玩乐和

教育的机会。increasingly逐渐地；tolerably可容忍地；dynamically充满活力地；obediently服从地。

因此，A项符合句意。

15.单选题

Heistheauthorofthisnovelwithhigh（）inthecountry.

问题1选项

A.coherence

B.prestige

C.consequence

D.commitment

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析。句意：他是这本小说的作者，在这个国家有很高的（）。coherence统一，连贯性；prestige声望，名望；consequence结果，推论，重要性；commitment承诺，委托。因此，B项符合句意。

16.单选题

We（）thathecannotfinishtheworkbeforeJune15.

问题1选项

A.prosecute

B.meddle

C.presume

D.mingle

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析。句意：我们他不能在六月十五号之前完成工作。prosecute起诉；meddle干涉；presume假设，认为；mingle使混合，与……交往。因此，C项符合句意。

17.单选题

Thereceptionwasattendedby（）membersofthelocalcommunity.

问题1选项

A.excellent

B.conspicuous

C.prominent

D.noticeable

【答案】C

【解析】C选项prominent意为“突出的；著名的”。句意：参加这次招待会的是当地社区的（）人士。A选项excellent极好的；B选项conspicuous显而易见的；C选项prominent突出的；著名的；D选项noticeable引人注目的，C选项prominent符合句意。

18.单选题

Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyhappen（）,dreamactivitymaybeprovokedbyexternalinfluences.

问题1选项

A.spontaneously

B.simultaneously

C.homogeneously

D.instantaneously

【答案】A

【解析】副词辨析。句意：尽管大多数的梦明显是（）出现的，梦境活动也可能受到外界的影响。

spontaneously自然地，不由自主地；simultaneously同时地；homogeneously同样地；instantaneously即刻，突如其来地。因此，A项spontaneously符合句意。

19.单选题

Picture-takingisatechniquebothforannexingtheobjectiveworldandforexpressingthesingularself.Photographsdepictobjectiverealitiesthatalreadyexist,thoughonlythecameracandisclosethem.Andtheydepictanindividualphotographer’stemperament,discoveringitselfthroughthecamera’scroppingofreality.Thatis,photographyhastwoantitheticalideals:inthefirst,photographyisabouttheworldandthephotographerisamereobserverwhocountsforlittle;butinthesecond,photographyistheinstrumentofintrepid,questingsubjectivityandthephotographerisall.

Theseconflictingidealsarisefromafundamentaluneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentin“taking”apicture.Accordingly,theidealofaphotographerasanobserverisattractivebecauseitimplicitlydeniesthatpicture-takingisanaggressiveact.Theissue,ofcourse,isnotsoclear-cut.Whatphotographersdocannotbecharacterizedassimplypredatoryorassimply,andessentially,benevolent.Asaconsequence,oneidealofpicture-takingortheotherisalwaysbeingrediscoveredandchampioned.

Animportantresultofthecoexistenceofthesetwoidealsisarecurrentambivalencetowardphotography’smeans.Whatevertheclaimsthatphotographymightmaketobeaformofpersonalexpressiononaparwithpainting,itsoriginalityisinextricablylinkedtothepowersofamachine.Thesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographs,likeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke.Butascamerasbecomemoresophisticated,moreautomated,somephotographersaretemptedtodisarmthemselvesortosuggestthattheyarenotreallyarmed,preferringtosubmitthemselvestothelimitsimposedbypremoderncameratechnologybecauseacruder,lesshigh-poweredmachineisthoughttogivemoreinterestingoremotiveresults,toleavemoreroomforcreativeaccident.Forexample,ithasbeenvirtuallyapointofhonorformanyphotographers,includingWalkerEvansandCartierBresson,torefusetousemodernequipment.Thesephotographershavecometodoubtthevalueofthecameraasaninstrumentof“fastseeing”.CartierBresson,infact,claimsthatthemoderncameramayseetoofast.

Thisambivalencetowardphotographicmeansdeterminestrendsintaste.Thecultofthefuture(offasterandfasterseeing)alternatesovertimewiththewishtoreturntoapurerpast—whenimageshadahandmadequality.Thisnostalgiaforsomepristinestateofthephotographicenterpriseiscurrentlywidespreadandunderliesthepresent-dayenthusiasmfordaguerreotypesandthewokofforgottennineteenth-centuryprovincialphotographers.Photographersandviewersofphotographs,itseems,needperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness.

1.Accordingtothepassage,interestamongphotographersineachofphotography’stwoidealscanbedescribedas（）

2.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith

（）

3.TheauthormentionstheworkofHaroldEdgertoninordertoprovideanexampleof（）

4.Accordingtothepassage,thetwoantitheticalidealsofphotographydifferprimarilyinthe

（）

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbemostlikelytobegintheparagraphimmediatelyfollow-ingthepassage?

问题1选项

A.rapidlychanging

B.cyclicallyrecurring

C.steadilygrowing

D.unimportanttotheviewersofphotographs

问题2选项

A.establishingnewtechnicalstandardsforcontemporaryphotography

B.analyzingtheinfluenceofphotographicidealsonpicture-taking

C.tracingthedevelopmentofcameratechnologyinthetwentiethcentury

D.describinghowphotographers’individualtemperamentsarereflectedintheirwork

问题3选项

A.howacontrolledambivalencetowardphotography’smeanscanproduceoutstandingpictures

B.howthecontentofphotographshaschangedfromthenineteenthcenturytothetwentieth

C.thepopularityofhigh-speedphotographyinthetwentiethcentury

D.therelationshipbetweenphotographicoriginalityandtechnology

问题4选项

A.valuethateachplacesonthebeautyofthefinishedproduct

B.emphasisthateachplacesontheemotionalimpactofthefinishedproduct

C.degreeoftechnicalknowledgethateachrequiresofthephotographer

D.wayinwhicheachdefinestheroleofthephotographer

问题5选项

A.Photographers,asaresultoftheirheightenedawarenessoftime,areconstantlytryingtocap-tureeventsandactionsthatarefleeting.

B.Thusthecultofthefuture,theworshipofmachinesandspeed,isfirmlyestablishedinspiteofeffortstothecontrarybysomephotographers.

C.Therejectionoftechnicalknowledge,however,canneverbecompleteandphotographycan-notforanylengthoftimepretendthatithasnoweapons.

D.Thepointofhonorinvolvedinrejectingcomplexequipmentis,however,ofnosignificancetotheviewerofaphotograph.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.第二段最后一句提到两种理想拍照方式中总会有一种在某段时间内被重新发现并占主要地位。所以说拍摄者的兴趣在两种理想模式间是循环往复的，故B项正确。

2.作者最后说明了两种拍照理念对于摄影发展的影响。所以B项“分析拍摄理念对于摄影的影响”符合文意，B项正确。

3.根据题干关键词定位至第三段：Whatevertheclaimsthatphotographymight....Thesteadygrowthofthesepowershasmadepossibletheextraordinaryinformativenessandimaginativeformalbeautyofmanyphotographs,likeHaroldEdgerton’shigh-speedphotographsofabullethittingitstargetoroftheswirlsandeddiesofatennisstroke”。作者以HaroldEdgerton为例，说明了摄影师和机器设备之间的关系。D项正确。

4.第二段第一句话:“Theseconflictingidealsarisefromafundamentaluneasinessonthepartofbothphotographersandviewersofphotographstowardtheaggressivecomponentintakingapicture.”。这两种对立的观念主要在于摄影师和旁观者在摄影时是否扮演着积极的角色。D项正确。

5.题干问的是“文章接下来将会讨论什么？”最后一句话为：Photographersandviewersofphotographs,itseems,needperiodicallytoresisttheirownknowingness（摄影师和旁观者似乎需要质疑自己对摄影的认知）。由此可推测，文章接下来将会继续讲解与拍照认知有关的内容。所以C项正确。

20.单选题

Theseexcursionswillgiveyouanevendeeper（）intoourlanguageandculture.

问题1选项

A.inquiry

B.investigation

C.input

D.insight

【答案】D

【解析】名词辨析。inquiry询问，调查；investigation调查，研究；input输入，投入；insight深入了解，深刻见解。句意：这次短途旅行会使你对我们的语言和文化有更加深入的

。因此D选项符合句意。

21.单选题

IthinkKimwouldbegreatforthejob.Herworkrecordis（）.

问题1选项

A.impeccable

B.enriched

C.rudimentary

D.tarnished

【答案】A

【解析】形容词辨析。句意：我认为Kim可以胜任这份工作。她的工作记录是（）。

impeccable无瑕疵的，没有缺点的；enriched浓缩的，强化的；rudimentary基本的，残遗的

未发展的；tarnished生锈的，有污点的。选项A符合句意。

22.单选题

Bethworkedhardto（）inwiththelocalsduringhervisit.

问题1选项

A.encounter

B.blend

C.merge

D.adapt

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。句意：贝丝在她的访问期间努力地（）当地人中。

encounter遭遇，邂逅，遇到；blend混合，协调，融入；merge合并，使合并，吞，没；adapt适应，改变。

选项Bblendinwith为固定搭配，表示“融入，融合”，符合句意。

23.单选题

Manyyearsagopeoplethoughttheearthwasflat.Theybelievedthatthesky（）abigup-side-downbowlandthatthesun,moon,andstarswerelampshangingfromthetopofthebowl.Later,people（）better.Theyfoundoutthattheearth（）round.

Wecallthestudyoftheskiesandtheplanetsastronomy,（）wecallthewatchersoftheskiesastronomer.EarlyastronomersthoughttheearthwasthecenterofTheythoughttheheavensspun（）theearth.Later,theychangedtheir（）Theyknewtheearthwasnotthecenter.Theybelievedthattheearthandthe（）planetsspinaroundthesun.Todayweknowthisistrue.

Ancientscientistsstudiedtheskies（）simpleinstruments.Thefirstperson（）atele-scopewasnamedGalileo.In1610（）fourmoonsaroundtheplanetJupiter.Today（）usemorecomplexequipment.Someofthesemeasurethebrightnessoflight.（）breaklightsupintodifferentcolors.Radiotelescopesmakestarsandplanets（）farcloserthanGalileo’stelescopecould.Earlyastronomers（）fiveplanetsinthesky.BesidesEarth,theyknewaboutmercury,Ve-nus,Mars,Jupiter,andSaturn.In1781aseventhonewasdiscoveredandnamedUranus.Yearslat-er,astronomersfoundanotherplanetandcalleditNeptune.TheninthplanettobefoundiscalledPluto.Itwasnot（）until1930.

Todayscientistscan（）almostanywhere.Theyhavereachedtheheavenswiththeirspace-craft.In1959,aspacecraft（）tookpicturesofthedarksideofthemoon.TheyearslateraspacecraftlandedtwoAmericansonthemoon.Otherimportantjourneysintospace（）.Whoknows?Maybe（）humanbeingswillliveonanotherplanet.Maybeyouwillbeoneofthem.

问题1选项

A.is

B.was

C.hadbeen

D.were

问题2选项

A.spoke

B.told

C.knew

D.swore

问题3选项

A.was

B.hadbeen

C.is

D.were

问题4选项

A.and

B.but

C.yet

D.still

问题5选项

A.anything

B.nothing

C.something

D.everything

问题6选项

A.around

B.round

C.about

D.along

问题7选项

A.jobs

B.minds

C.suggestion

D.advice

问题8选项

A.other

B.another

C.rest

D.remained

问题9选项

A.by

B.on

C.with

D.within

问题10选项

A.touse

B.used

C.uses

D.ofusing

问题11选项

A.invented

B.created

C.saw

D.discovered

问题12选项

A.musicians

B.carpenters

C.astronomers

D.scholars

问题13选项

A.Theothers

B.Others

C.Another

D.Theother

问题14选项

A.look

B.looking

C.tolook

D.looks

问题15选项

A.couldhaveseen

B.couldsee

C.hadseen

D.saw

问题16选项

A.trapped

B.served

C.discovered

D.settled

问题17选项

A.run

B.explore

C.play

D.relax

问题18选项

A.first

B.firstly

C.forthefirst

D.firstofall

问题19选项

A.followed

B.hadfollowed

C.werefollowing

D.follow

问题20选项

A.someday

B.someday

C.somedays

D.somedays

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

第6题:A

第7题:B

第8题:A

第9题:A

第10题:A

第11题:D

第12题:C

第1