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住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-郑州大学考试名师押题精选卷I(带答案详解)(图片可根据实际调整大小)题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题
ThoughIhadtriedtoexplainitasclearlyaspossible,myexpectationseemednotto().
问题1选项
A.getdown
B.getacross
C.getalong
D.getup
【答案】B
【解析】考查词组辨析。getdown“吞下,使沮丧”;getacross“通过;使…被理解”;getalong“与……和睦相处”;getup“起床”。根据though这个词可知前后有一个转折关系,前半句提到“我尽可能的将问题解释清楚”,所以后半句的意思与之形成对比,因此选项B符合题意。
2.单选题
Every()ofamotionpictureistheresponsibilityofthedirector.
问题1选项
A.section
B.facet
C.character
D.footage
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项section“截面;部分;部门;地区;章节”;B选项facet“面;方面;小平面用”;C选项character“性格,品质;特性;角色;[计]字符”;D选项footage“英尺长度;连续镜头;以尺计算长度”。句意:电影的每一段镜头都是导演的责任。由电影导演的责任可知此处镜头的含义最合适,因此D选项正确。
3.单选题
Inflationisaneconomicconditionin(1)pricesforconsumergoods(2)andthe(3)ofmoneyorpurchasingpowerdecreases.
Therearethreeimportantcausesofinflation.Thefirstandmostimportantcausemaybeexcessivegovernmentspending.Forexample,inorderto(4)awarorcarry(5)socialprograms,thegovernmentmayspendmoremoneythanithasreceivedthroughtaxesandotherrevenue,thuscreatingadeficit.Inorderto(6)thisdeficit,theTreasuryDepartmentcansimply(7)themoneysupplybyissuingmorepapermoneyto(8)thedebtsofgovernment.Thisincreaseinthemoneysupplywillcausethevalueofthedollarto(9)decrease.Thesecondcauseofinflationoccurswhenthemoneysupplyincreasesfasterthanthesupplyofgoods.(10)peoplehavemoremoney,theywillrunouttobuypopulargoods(11televisionandcomputers,forexample,andashortagewillresult.
Industrywillthenproducemore,athigherprices,to(12)demand.(13),ifpeoplethinkthatthepricesofpopulargoodsaregoingup,theywillbuyandevenborrowmoneyathigh—(14)ratestopayforthem.Finally,iflaborunionsdemandthatworks'wages(15)to(16)thehighcostofliving,industrywillmeethisdemandandaddothercostofproductionontothe(17).(18)summary,allofthesecausescan(19)inflationaryproblemsthatcanaffectthewelfareofanation.However,ofthesethreecauses,(20)governmentspendingmaybethemostimportant.
问题1选项
A.that
B.what
C.which
D.this
问题2选项
A.raise
B.increase
C.decrease
D.lower
问题3选项
A.price
B.cost
C.value
D.spending
问题4选项
A.pay
B.offer
C.fight
D.finance
问题5选项
A.away
B.off
C.on
D.out
问题6选项
A.offset
B.compensate
C.exchange
D.accomplish
问题7选项
A.extend
B.expand
C.spend
D.explore
问题8选项
A.meet
B.respond
C.spend
D.return
问题9选项
A.automatically
B.exceedingly
C.timely
D.excessively
问题10选项
A.Forfearthat
B.Whether
C.If
D.Though
问题11选项
A.of
B.like
C.as
D.except
问题12选项
A.supply
B.satisfy
C.plenty
D.comply
问题13选项
A.Furthermore
B.Otherwise
C.Nevertheless
D.However
问题14选项
A.interesting
B.uninteresting
C.interested
D.interest
问题15选项
A.beincreased
B.increased
C.shouldincrease
D.increase
问题16选项
A.protest
B.restrict
C.impose
D.cover
问题17选项
A.controller
B.manager
C.consumer
D.employer
问题18选项
A.By
B.At
C.On
D.In
问题19选项
A.create
B.invent
C.result
D.discover
问题20选项
A.productive
B.insufficient
C.excessive
D.processing
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:D
第6题:A
第7题:B
第8题:A
第9题:A
第10题:C
第11题:B
第12题:B
第13题:A
第14题:D
第15题:A
第16题:D
第17题:C
第18题:D
第19题:A
第20题:C
【解析】1.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空格处缺少一个引导定语从句的引导词,先行词是economiccondition,介词后面的定语从句引导词不能用that,因此选项C符合题意。
2.考查逻辑关系。根据后面的purchasingpowerdecreases可推断空格处的动词应该与decrease相反,所以选项B符合题意。
3.考查逻辑关系。根据并列连词or可知其前后的内容是相近的,因此the____ofmoney应该与purchasingpower意思相近,因此选项C符合题意。
4.考查动词词义辨析。pay“支付”;offer“提供”;fight“与……打仗”;finance“负担经费”。后面提到政府spendmoremoney(花更多的钱),可知前面是花钱在战争上,因此financeawar符合题意。
5.考查词组辨析。carryaway“运走,使失去自制力”;carryoff“夺去,夺得”;carryon“继续,参与”;carryout“实施”。与socialprogram搭配的动词词组是carryout,所以选项D符合题意。
6.考查固定搭配。offset“抵消;补偿”;compensate“补偿,赔偿”;exchange“交换”;accomplish“完成,实现”。offsetdeficit“弥补财政赤字”为固定搭配,选项A符合题意。
7.考查动词词义辨析。extend“延伸”;expand“扩张”;spend“度过,花费”;explore“探索”。根据后面issuingmorepapermoney可知前面是在扩大纸币供应,因此选项B符合题意。
8.考查固定搭配。meetdebts是“偿清债务”的固定搭配,选项A符合题意。
9.考查副词词义辨析。automatically“自动地”;exceedingly“非常;极其”;timely“及时地”;excessively“过分地”。空格处所在句子的大意是:货币供应量的增加将会导致货币价值自动下降。因此选项A符合题意。
10.考查条件状语从句。根据后面的主句theywillrunout…,主句使用将来时态可知空格处所在的分句是一个条件状语从句,因此选项C符合题意。
11.考查介词词义辨析。televisionandcomputers属于populargoods,前者是对后者具体的举例说明,因此选项B符合题意。
12.考查词义辨析。supply“供给,提供”;satisfy“满足,说服”;plenty“足够的”;comply“遵守,遵从”。Industrywillthenproducemore,athigherprices“工厂会以更高的价格生产更多的产品”,to表目的,“为了满足需求”,选项B符合题意。
13.考查逻辑关系。根据ifpeoplethinkthatthepricesofpopulargoodsaregoingup(如果人们认为快销产品的价格正在上涨),可知与前句是一个递进的关系,因此选项A符合题意。
14.考查固定搭配。interestrate“利率”是固定用法,选项A符合题意。
15.考查虚拟语气。demand后接宾语从句时,从句的谓语一般要用虚拟语气:should+动词原形,其中should可以省略;此外,workswages与动词increase之间是被动关系,因此要用被动式,选项A符合题意。
16.考查固定搭配。coverthecost“支付费用”是固定用法,选项D符合题意。
17.考查名词词义辨析。controller“控制器”;manager“经理,管理人员”;consumer“消费者,用户”;employer“老板,雇主”。空格处所在句子的大意是:生产方为满足要求会将生产成本加在消费者身上,因此选项C符合题意。
18.考查固定搭配。insummary“概括起来,总之”是固定用法,选项D符合题意。
19.考查动词词义辨析。allofthesecausescan79inflationaryproblems(所有这些因素都可能导致通货膨胀问题),四个选项中A与C都有“导致”的意思,但是result通常与介词in连用,因此选项A符合题意。
20.考查词义辨析。productive“能生产的”;insufficient“不足的”;excessive“过多的”;processing“加工”。文章讲述了导致通货膨胀的三个因素,第二段第二句话Thefirstandmostimportantcausemaybeexcessivegovernmentspending,由此可知选项C符合题意。
4.不定项选择题
InonlytwodecadesAsianAmericanshavebecomethefastest-growingU.S.minority.Astheirchildrenbeganmovingupthroughthenation’sschools,itbecameclearthatanewclassofacademicachieverswasemerging.Theirachievementsarereflectedinthenation’sbestuniversities,wheremathematics,scienceandengineeringdepartmentshavetakenonadecidedlyAsiancharacter.ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish.Theyarealsoinfluencedbythepromiseofagoodjobaftercollege.Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreobjectively.Andthereturnontheinvestmentineducationismoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree.
MostAsian-AmericanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps.ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation.
BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation.Indeed,itwasnotuntil1952thatlawswerelaiddowngivingallAsianimmigrantstherighttocitizenship.
1.Whilemakingtremendousachievementsatcollege,Asian-Americanstudents().
2.WhatarethemajorfactorsthatdeterminethesuccessofAsianAmericans?
3.FewAsian-Americanstudentsmajorinhumansciencesmainlybecause().
4.Whydothetwo“explanations”(Para.3,Line.1)worryAsianAmericans?
5.Theauthor’stoneinthispassageis().
问题1选项
A.feeltheyaremistreatedbecauseoflimitedknowledgeofEnglish.
B.areafraidthattheiracademicsuccessesbearastrongAsiancharacter
C.generallyfeelitashametohavetodependontheirparents
D.stillworryaboutunfairtreatmentinsociety
问题2选项
A.AsolidfoundationinbasicmathematicsandAsianculture.
B.Hardworkandintelligence.
C.HardworkandalimitedknowledgeofEnglish.
D.AsiancultureandtheAmericaneducationalsystem.
问题3选项
A.theirEnglishisnotgoodenough
B.thereisawidedifferencebetweenAsianandWesterncultures
C.theyareafraidtheymightmeetwithunfairjudgmentintheseareas
D.theyknowlittleaboutAmericancultureandsociety
问题4选项
A.TheyareafraidthattheywouldagainbeisolatedfromAmericansocietyingeneral.
B.PeoplewouldthinkthatAsianstudentrelyontheirparentsforsuccess.
C.Asian-Americanswouldbethreattootherminorities.
D.AmericanacademicachievementshavetakenontoostronganAsiancharacter.
问题5选项
A.sympathetic
B.objective
C.critical
D.doubtful
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:A
第3题:C
第4题:A
第5题:B
【解析】第1题:推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation(许多研究者还认为,亚洲文化中有一些东西需要成功,比如强调家庭价值观和强调教育的理想)以及第三段第一,二句BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation(这两种对学业成功的解释都让亚裔美国人感到担忧,因为他们担心自己会形成一种典型的种族形象。许多人还记得,中国、日本和菲律宾移民曾是社会孤立的受害者)可以判断出D选项“仍然担心社会上的不公平待遇”正确以及B选项“担心他们的学术成就带有强烈的亚洲特色”错误,亚裔美国学生担心他们的学术成就带有强烈的亚洲特色根本原因是害怕亚洲特色会让他们在社会上遭遇不公平的待遇;A选项“觉得自己因为英语知识有限而受到不公平对待”在原文中未提及;根据文章第二段第一句MostAsian-Americanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparents(大多数亚裔美国人把他们的成功归功于父母的影响)可知C选项“通常觉得依靠父母是件可耻的事”错误;因此D选项符合题意。
第2题:细节事实题。根据原文第一段ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish(这种对数学和科学的特别喜爱部分是由这样一个事实解释的:亚裔美国学生在国外开始接受教育时,在美国有坚实的数学基础,但很少或根本不懂英语)以及第二段最后一句ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation(许多研究者还认为,亚洲文化中有一些东西需要成功,比如强调家庭价值观和强调教育的理想)可知A选项“扎实的数学基础和亚洲文化”正确以及C选项“努力学习和有限的英语知识”错误;B选项“勤奋和智慧”在原文未提及;根据第二段MostAsian-AmericanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps(大多数亚裔美国人把他们的成功归功于父母的影响,他们决心让自己的孩子充分利用美国教育系统提供的东西。衡量父母注意力的一个有效方法是家庭作业。亚洲父母比美国父母花更多的时间和孩子在一起,这很有帮助)可以得知D选项“亚洲文化和美国教育制度”错误,美国教育制度并不是决定亚裔美国人成功的主要因素;因此A选项符合题意。
第3题:细节事实题。根据原文第一段Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreobjectively.Andthereturnontheinvestmentineducationismoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree(亚洲人认为,数学和科学等领域的不公平待遇将会减少,因为他们将受到更客观的评判。教育投资的回报在工程类专业比文科学位更直接)可知C选项“他们害怕在这些方面可能会遇到不公平的判断”正确;根据第一段ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish(这种对数学和科学的特别喜爱部分是由这样一个事实解释的:亚裔美国学生在国外开始接受教育时,在美国有坚实的数学基础,但很少或根本不懂英语)可以得知A选项“他们的英语不够好”并不是少有亚裔美国学生主修人文科学主要原因;B选项“亚洲和西方文化之间有很大的差异”以及D选项“他们对美国文化和社会知之甚少”在原文未提及;因此C选项符合题意。
第4题:推理判断题。根据第三段第一,二句BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation(这两种对学业成功的解释都让亚裔美国人感到担忧,因为他们担心自己会形成一种典型的种族形象。许多人还记得,中国、日本和菲律宾移民曾是社会孤立的受害者)可以判断出A选项“他们害怕自己会再次被孤立于美国社会之外”正确;根据文章第二段第一句MostAsian-Americanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparents(大多数亚裔美国人把他们的成功归功于父母的影响)可知B选项“人们会认为亚洲学生依靠他们的父母获得成功”错误;C选项“亚裔美国人会对其他少数族裔构成威胁”以及D选项“美国人的学术成就带有强烈的亚洲色彩”在原文中未提及,错误;因此A选项符合题意。
第5题:推理判断题。A选项“同情的;交感神经的;共鸣的;赞同的;和谐的;合意的”;B选项“客观的”;C选项“批评的,爱挑剔的;危险的”;D选项“可疑的;令人生疑的;疑心的;不能确定的”;本文是从客观的观点去看亚裔美国人在学业方面的成功,作者并没有同情,批判或者是怀疑,只是客观的陈述目前亚裔美国人在学业方面存在的情况,因此B选项符合题意。
5.单选题
Exercisecanaffectouroutlookonlife,anditcanalsohelpusgetridoftension,anxietyandfrustration.Soweshouldtakeexercise().
问题1选项
A.constantly
B.normally
C.usually
D.regularly
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。constantly“不断地,时常地”;normally“正常地,通常地”;usually“通常,经常”;regularly“定期地”。根据空格前列举的锻炼带来的各种好处及常识可知空格处应该填入一个表示“经常”意义的词,regularly与usually都有此意,但后者一般位于be动词和助动词后面,行为动词前,所以选项D符合题意。
6.单选题
Aftertheconcert,theclean-upcrewfoundtheground()withpapers,bottlesandcans.
问题1选项
A.scrubbed
B.used
C.littered
D.dispersed
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项scrubbed“擦洗;废止;揉搓”;B选项used“用”;C选项littered“乱丢;给……垫褥草;把……弄得乱七八糟;乱扔废弃物”;D选项dispersed“分散;传播”。句意:音乐会结束后,清扫人员发现地上布满包装纸和瓶瓶罐罐。本句表示“包装纸和瓶瓶罐罐被乱扔在地上”,因此C选项正确。
7.单选题
TheEuropeanonlinefashionbusinessisfierce.Justaskbackersofone-timehighflierslike,theurbansportswearretailerthattankedlastyear,andD,thestrugglingmen’swearspecialist.Thoseoncestellaronlinebrandsexpandedtoofast,spentmuchmorethantheyearned,andthenlosttheirinvestorsupportafterInternetstocksbeganplummetinglastApril.Themarketssentonlinefashionstoresatoughmessage:Comeupwithbusinessmodelsthatgeneraterevenues.
AfewfirmshaveshownthatnotallonlinefashionshopsareInternetdisasters.Copenhagen-basedH,thedesigner-labeldiscountstore,Sweden’ssportswearvendorSportusandtheItalianshirtsstoreMarcoBracciaredoingwellinaverytoughenvironment.
Haburi'sdistinctivebusinessmodelisanInternetversionofthefactoryoutletwherebrandmanufacturersselldirectlytoconsumersatlowerpricesfromhugeout-of-townshoppingmalls.AconceptusedintheU.S.farmorethaninEurope,andHaburiwantstofillthegap.MichaelVad,Haburi'sCEO,saysthatEurope'sapparelfactoryoutletsectorcouldyield$10billioninsalesannually.
AccordingtoVad,nationalregulationsthatlimitmallsoutsidecitycentershavehamperedthedevelopmentofthissector.“Fortheconsumer,there’sthetwo-hourdrivetothemall,andwhenyougetthereyoudon’tknowwhetheryou’llgetthesizeorcoloryouwant,”saysVad.Bygoingonline,Haburiaimstocuttheretailer'scosts,saveconsumersthelongdrive,anddeliverorderswithintwotofivedays.Haburisplitsnetrevenue50-50withthebrandmanufacturers.
Haburialreadyhasabout30,000onlinecustomers.Theadditional$12millioninvestedinHaburilastJuneindicatesinvestorswillstillbackbusiness-to-consumerInternetcompanies,butonlyiftheyhaveasolidstrategicvisionandnotjustafashionablewhimspurredbyInternethype.SowheredidDressmartandgowrong?“Theyweresupposedtorunoutofmoney.Theywereamongthecompaniesthatonlygotinvestmentmoneyiftheypromisedveryrapidexpansion,”observesOlaAhlvarsson,Stockholm-basedCEOofResultVentureKnowledgeInternational,aventurecapitalfirmthatcontrolsSportus.ButtheruleshavechangedsinceInternetstocksdivedlastyear.
Apparelisdifficulttosellonlinebecausepeopleliketofeelandtouchtheclothestheybuy.Fortheonlineretailer,acquiringtheitems,inspectingthem,cleaningandstoringthembeforeshippingorders,plushandlingreturns,canbeexpensive.“Thecostofcustomerserviceintheapparelbusinessismuchhigherthansellingbooksorevenfurniture,”saysMatthewNordan,aretailanalystatForresterResearch'sAmsterdamoffice.Unlesslinkedtoamajorestablishedoperation,anonlineretailerneedsacompetitiveedge.Forexample,ItalianshirtmakerMarcoBraccisellsexpensivegoodsforhighprofitsandhascorneredanichemarket.Dressmart,ontheotherhand,triedtodotoomuchtoosoon.OriginallyitplannedtosellonlyshirtsandtomaketheordinalSwedishoperationprofitablebeforebranchingout.Butwithinmonthsittriedtogopan-Europeanandselleverythingincludingties,shoesandsportswear,andtorentphysicaloutletsatairports.Dressmart,onthevergeofbankruptcyandsearchingforabacker,hasnowscaledbackandoperatesonlyinSweden.
Ahlvarssonsaysone-year-oldSportus,currentlytradingintheNetherlands,Finland,SwedenandNorway,succeedsbykeepingcoststoaminimum,unlikewhichspentaround$125millioninitsbriefexistence.“Balsoboughtitstechnologyforabout$10million.That’sunrealistic.Wespent$300,000onoursanditworkslikeclockwork,”Ahlvarssonclaims.“IntheInternetworld,theythinktheguywiththemostmarketingmoneywillwin.Itis,infact,theguywiththebestmanagementteamandsupportingorganization.”
Despiteitsapparentsuccess,CEOVadadmitsthattherecentshakeoutinonlineclothesretailershasaffectedHaburi.“We’regoingtopostponeourAsianlaunch.Weneedtobuildourbrandsandgettherightsalesvolumeandbealotsmarter,”hesays.Inotherwords,thesuccessfulonlinefashionretailersaretheonesthatsticktotheirknitting.
1.Theauthorsaysthat“Haburiwantstofillthegap”.Whatdoesitmean?
2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?
3.Accordingtothepassage,ItalianshirtmakerMarcoBracci().
4.Whichofthefollowingreasonscontributestothefailureofmanyonlinefashionbusinesses?
问题1选项
A.HaburiwilltrytomakeupthelosscausedbytheplummetedInternetstocks.
B.HaburiwillusethebusinessconceptpopularinAmericaandinEurope.
C.Haburiwillincreaseitsoutputtomakeuptheneedofthecustomers.
D.Haburiwillbuildmoreout-of-townshoppingmallsasAmericansdo.
问题2选项
A.ThefailoftheseonlinefashionbusinessescausedthefallofInternetstocks.
B.Onlinefashionstoreslearnedatoughlesson:onlinefashionshopsaredisastrous.
C.Theonlinebrandshaveneverbeensuccessful.
D.ThoseoncehighflierslikeandDhavetanked.
问题3选项
A.hasobtainedacertainmarketthroughitsspecialoperation
B.haslostitsmarketbecauseofitshighcostofexpansion
C.hasn’tmadeprofitsbecausethehighcostofexpansion
D.hasnowscaledbackandoperatesonlyinSweden
问题4选项
A.Theydon’thavemanagementteamandsupportingorganization.
B.Theirexpansionofoperationistoofastbeforetheymakeprofits.
C.Theydon’thaveenoughmoneytobuynewtechnology.
D.Noinvestorisinterestedinonlinefashionbusinesses.
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:D
第3题:A
第4题:B
【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“作者所说的‘Haburi想去弥补空白’是什么意思?”文章第四段提到“Vad看来,对市中心之外的商场进行限制的相关国家法规阻碍了这一方案的发展”(AccordingtoVad,nationalregulationsthatlimitmallsoutsidecitycentershavehamperedthedevelopmentofthissector);文章第三段提到Haburi独特的商业模式是一种网络版的工厂直销店,品牌制造商直接在大型城郊购物中心以更低的价格卖给消费者(Haburi’sdistinctivebusinessmodelisanInternetversionofthefactoryoutletwherebrandmanufacturersselldirectlytoconsumersatlowerpricesfromhugeout-of-townshoppingmalls),由此可知fillthegap的方案就是建立更多的城郊购物中心,选项D符合题意。
2.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章可知下列哪个选项是正确的?”文章第一段第二句话提到“去问问那些曾经风光一时的企业的支持者就知道了,这些网络品牌包括去年遭遇失败的城市运动服装零售商和陷入困境的男装专营商D”(Justaskbackersofone-timehighflierslike,theurbansportswearretailerthattankedlastyear,andD,thestrugglingmen’swearspecialist),可知这些风光无限的企业现在遭遇困境,因此选项D符合题意。
3.细节事实题。题目问的是“根据文章可知,意大利衬衫制作商MarcoBracci……”。文章第六段提到意大利衬衫制作商Marco通过销售高价商品来获取高额利润(Forexample,ItalianshirtmakerMarcoBraccisellsexpensivegoodsforhighprofitsandhascorneredanichemarket),由此可知,Marco通过销售奢侈品占据了一定的市场,因此选项A符合题意。
4.细节事实题。题目问的是“以下哪个原因导致了许多在线时尚企业失败?”文章第六段介绍了Dressmart,提到Dressmart急于拓展欧洲市场(Dressmart,ontheotherhand,triedtodotoomuchtoosoon.OriginallyitplannedtosellonlyshirtsandtomaketheordinalSwedishoperationprofitablebeforebranchingout.Butwithinmonthsittriedtogopan-Europeanandselleverything…),由此可知它们失败的原因就在于急切想要扩张业务,因此选项B符合题意。
8.单选题
Thelawyerthoughtthatpieceofevidencewas()earlyintheinvestigationbutitturnedouttobevitalinconvictingthemanoftheft.
问题1选项
A.unchangeable
B.insignificant
C.inevitable
D.unsuitable
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。unchangeable“无法改变的”;insignificant“无关紧要的”;inevitable“必然的,不可避免的”;unsuitable“不适合的”。根据表转折的连词but可知前后有一个转折关系,后面提到“它(证据)成为指控那个男人盗窃的关键证据”,可知前面的内容是认为这个证据“无关紧要”,因此选项B符合题意。
9.单选题
Psychologistshavelongarguedabouttherelativeimportanceofgeneticsandenvironmentindetermininghumanintelligence()anissuethatissometimesreferredtoasthe"nature"vs.debate.
问题1选项
A.“growth”
B.“nurture”
C.“promotion”
D.“creation”
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。growth“增长,发展,生长”;nurture“养育,教养”;promotion“提升”;creation“创造”。根据geneticsandenvironment(遗传与环境)与naturevs.___的对应关系可知“养育”符合,因此选项B符合题意。句意:心理学家们对遗传和环境在决定人类智力上的相对重要性长期以来都有争论,即一个有时被称为“自然”对比“培育”的辩论。
10.单选题
Hewasgivenapresentin()ofhisworkforthebusiness.
问题1选项
A.honor
B.realization
C.acknowledgement
D.encouragement
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项honor“荣誉”;B选项realization“实现,认识”;C选项acknowledgement“承认,感谢”;D选项encouragement“鼓励”。句意:他得到一份礼物,以感谢他为公司所做的工作。本句表示感谢他做的工作。因此C选项正确。
11.单选题
Ididn'tsayanythinglikethatatall.Youarepurposely()myideastoproveyourpoint.
问题1选项
A.revising
B.distorting
C.distracting
D.contradicting
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。revise“修订”;distort“扭曲”;distract“转移,分心”;contradict“反驳,否定”。根据Ididn’tsayanythinglikethatatall“我根本没有说过那样的话”可知“为了证明你的观点,将我的想法扭曲了”符合语境,因此选项B符合题意。
12.单选题
Helencouldnothelpfeelingantipathytowardherfather’snewwifewhomhemarriedjusttwomonthsafterthedeathofHelen’smother.
问题1选项
A.sympathy
B.concession
C.compassion
D.hostility
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项sympathy“同情(强调共同分担,进而对某种经历或遭遇引起共鸣);慰问;赞同”;B选项concession“让步;特许(权);承认;退位”;C选项compassion“同情(强调由于理解而同情,并主动给予帮助,常常指通过自身痛苦或不幸而同情别人);怜悯”;D选项hostility“敌意;战争行动”。句意:海伦对她父亲的新妻子不禁感到反感,她父亲在海伦的母亲去世仅仅两个月后就娶了她。本句关键词antipathy表示“反感;厌恶;憎恶;不相容”,四个选项中D选项最合适,因此D选项正确。
13.单选题
Withglobalizationthelatestfashioninpoliticsandeconomics,itwasinconceivablethatculturewouldescapeitsall-pervasiveinfluence.TheLivingWebsterEncyclopedicDictionarydefinescultureastheacquiredabilityofanindividualorpeopletorecognizeandappreciategenerally-acceptedaestheticandintellectualexcellence.Thisallowsampleroomforthedominantwesterncivilizationtoimposeitsvalue-system,especiallywhentheabilitytorecognizegenerally-acceptedestheticandintellectualexcellenceisacquired.
Globalizationmeansnotmerelyconformitybutalsouniformitytothedominant,primarilyAmericanculture.Thisappliesasmuchtofoodasitdoestomusicandclothes.PeoplearoundtheworldareexpectedtoeatfatMcDonaldhamburgers,drinkPepsiorCoke,wearLevijeansanddancetoMichaelJacksonmusic.AmajorroleinthisglobalizationcampaignisplayedbytheEnglishlanguage.FranceandGermanytriedtopromotetheirlanguagesbuthavebeenlargelyunsuccessful.TheAmericandollar,whichhasbecometheglobalcurrency,isalsoanimportantfacilitator.
Cultureisnotvalue-free.Itbringswithitsuchotherbeliefsasfeministrhetoric(言舌辛),concernaboutenvironmentalissues,drugs,andtherighttohaveanabortionandtohavechildrenoutofmarriage.Selectiveconcernfornarrowly-definedhumanrightsanddemocracyaresomeofitsotherpetprojects.Advocatesofglobalculturearguethatitwillhelpcreateamorepeacefulworld.Thisistheflipsideoftheglobaleconomyargumentwhichissupposedtobringprosperitytoallhumanbeings.Allavailableevidencepointsintheoppositedirection.Economicglobalizationhasmeantthattherichhavebecomericherandthepoorpoorer.Whyshouldauniformglobalcultureleadtopeaceworldwidewhentherearesomanycompetinginterestsclamoringforsupport?GlobalculturemeansthathumandiversitywillbesweptbythetideofAmerica'scultureofnakednessandgrossness.ItwasOscarWildewhohadsaidthatAmericaisacountrythathasgonefrombrutalitytodegenerationwithoutthestageofcivilization.
Likeeconomicsandpolitics,cultureisalsopeddledthroughanumberofmechanisms.InadditiontoHollywoodandCNN,anumberofgroupsinnon-westernsocietiesareavailabletopushthedominantAmericanculturedownthethroatsofotherpeoples.Often,itisdifficulttoresistsuchoutpouring.Sincecultureisnotseparatefrompoliticalandeconomicconsiderations,politicalandbusinesseliteshavebecomeitspurveyors(承办商).Forinstance,non-westernbusinessmenhaveatendencytoacquirewesternculturalhabitstobeabletorubshoulderswiththeirwesterncounterparts.Itisnosecretthattherichinpoorcountrieshavemoreincommonwiththerichinrichcountriesthantheyhavewiththepoorintheirowncountries.
1.Weknowfromthefirstpassagethat().
2.Whichofthefollowinggivesthechiefimpetustoglobalization?
3.Theauthorendsthethirdpassagewithimplicationthat().
4.AllthefollowingareaidingtheAmericanculturetosweeptheworldEXCEPT().
5.What’stheauthor’sattitudetoward“globalculturewillhelptocreateamorepeacefulworld”?
问题1选项
A.globalizationwillhaveanimpactonculture
B.cultureandGlobalizationhavenorelations
C.culturewillfacilitateglobalization
D.culturewillavoidtheinfluenceofglobalization
问题2选项
A.English
B.Germany
C.France
D.Dollars
问题3选项
A.Americanculturewillultimatelyreplacetheothercultures
B.thedominantwesterncultureshouldn’treplacehumandiversity
C.Americandemocracyappliestoallthecountries
D.Globalculturalwillmakeapeacefulword
问题4选项
A.FrenchandGermanpeople
B.somegroupsisnon-westernsocieties
C.non-westernpoliticalandbusinesselites
D.HollywoodandCNN
问题5选项
A.Sentimental
B.Disappointed
C.Negative
D.Positive
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:A
第5题:C
【解析】1.细节事实题。题目问的是“我们能从第一段得到什么信息?”文章第一段第一句话提到“随着全球化成为政治和经济领域的最新潮流,很难想象文化会逃脱其无处不在的影响”(Withglobalizationthelatestfashioninpoliticsandeconomics,itwasinconceivablethatculturewouldescapeitsall-pervasiveinfluence),由此可知文化也受全球化的影响,因此选项A符合题意。
2.细节事实题。题目问的是“下列哪项对全球化有促进作用?”文章第二段倒数第三句话提到“在这场全球化运动中,英语发挥了重要作用”(AmajorroleinthisglobalizationcampaignisplayedbytheEnglishlanguage),因此选项A符合题意。
3.推理判断题。题目问的是“作者在第三段结尾暗示了什么?”第三段结尾提到“全球化意味着人类的多样性将被美国的赤裸和粗鄙的文化潮流所席卷。奥斯卡•王尔德曾说美国是一个没有经历过文明阶段而从残忍过渡到堕落的国家”(GlobalculturemeansthathumandiversitywillbesweptbythetideofAmerica'scultureofnakednessandgrossness.ItwasOscarWildewhohadsaidthatAmericaisacountrythathasgonefrombrutalitytodegenerationwithoutthestageofcivilization),由此可知作者暗示“占统治地位的西方文化不应该取代人类的多样性”,选项B符合题意。
4.细节事实题。题目问的是“下面哪项不是美国文化席卷全球的促进因素?”文章第二段倒数第二句话提到“法国和德国试图推销他们的语言但是失败了”(FranceandGermanytriedtopromotetheirlanguagesbuthavebeenlargelyunsuccessful),由此可知这两个国家是没有帮助美国文化席卷全球的,他们致力于推广自己的文化,因此选项A符合题意。
5.观点态度题。题目问的是“作者对‘全球文化将创造出一个更和平的世界’这句话的态度是什么?”文章第三段提到“当有很多相互竞争的利益要求支持时,为什么统一的全球文化应该带来和平?全球文化意味着人类的多样性将被美国赤裸和粗鄙的文化潮流所席卷”(Whyshouldauniformglobalcultureleadtopeaceworldwidewhentherearesomanycompetinginterestsclamoringforsupport?GlobalculturemeansthathumandiversitywillbesweptbythetideofAmerica'scultureofnakednessandgrossness),由此可知,作者对“全球文化将创造出一个更和平的世
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