2022年考研考博-考博英语-西北工业大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号12

住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-西北工业大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题

Andthetopic“fat”isforbidden.Eventheslightestpaunchbetraysthatoneislosingthetrimand（

）ofyouth.

问题1选项

A.vague

B.vigor

C.vogue

D.vulgar

【答案】B

【解析】考查形似词辨析。vague“模糊的；含糊的”，形容词；vigor“活力；精力”，名词；vogue“时尚；流行”，名词；vulgar“粗俗的；通俗的”，形容词。句意：“肥胖”的话题被禁止了。即使是稍微隆起的小肚子都暴露出他正失去青春活力。选项B符合题意。

2.单选题

Werarelyperceivemorethanaminute（

）ofthesightsandsoundsthatfalluponoursenseorgans;thegreatmajoritypassusby.

问题1选项

A.fiction

B.function

C.fraction

D.friction

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fiction“小说，虚构的事”；function“功能，职能”；fraction“小部分，少量”；friction“摩擦，冲突”。句意：我们只能察觉到被我们感官所接收的很少一部分的景象和声音，而忽视了大部分。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

“Doyouwanttoseemydriver’slicenseormypassport?”

“Oh,（

）."

问题1选项

A.eitherdoeswell

B.eitheronewilldo

C.eachoneisgood

D.eachwillbefine

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态。Either表示“两者中的任何一个”，each表示“两者中的每一个”。因此根据题干可知应该用either,时态应是将来时，所以选项B符合题意。

4.单选题

Itishardtothinkofafieldinwhichitisnotimportantto（

）whatislikelytohappenandactaccordingly.

问题1选项

A.lookout

B.figureout

C.turnout

D.pointout

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。lookout“注意；当心”；figureout“解决；算出”；turnout“（以某种方式）发生；结果是”；pointout“指出；指明”。句意：很难想象在某一个领域知道接下来可能发生什么并且采取了相应的行动这种做法不重要。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Mrs.Blackfindsthatherpianohasalwayshadthemagicpoweroftakingherawayfromthegrimrealitiesofdailylifeand（

）hertofairylandofherownonceshestartedtoplay.

问题1选项

A.transforming

B.transporting

C.transplanting

D.transcending

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。transform“改变，使……变形”；transport“运输；流放;使狂喜"；transplant“移植；移栽；使移居”；transcend“胜过，超越”。句意：布莱克太太发现只要她一弹钢琴，自己就会被这架有魔法的钢琴从现实世界带入到自己的仙境。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

Mutualtradeimplies（

）advantages.

问题1选项

A.allied

B.cooperative

C.periodical

D.reciprocal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。allied“联合的；同盟的”；cooperative“合作的；合作社的”；periodical“周期的；定期的”；reciprocal“互惠的；相互的”。句意：双边贸易意味着互惠的优势。选项D符合题意。

7.单选题

Overthelastfifteenyears,runninghasbecomeapopular（

）for30millionparticipantsofallages.

问题1选项

A.fantasy

B.pastime

C.symposium

D.penalty

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。fantasy“幻想”；pastime“消遣，娱乐”；symposium“讨论会；座谈会”；penalty“惩罚，处罚”。句意：在过去的十五年来，跑步已经成为了一种流行的消遣方式，不同年龄段共三千万人的参与。选项B符合题意。

8.单选题

Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewill（

）totheestablishedstandardsofthatculture.

问题1选项

A.confine

B.conform

C.confront

D.confirm

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。confine“限制；禁闭”；conform“符合；遵守；适应环境（后面一般跟介词to）”；confront“面对；遭遇；比较（为及物动词）”；confirm“确认；证实；批准（及物动词）。句意：特定文化下的绝大部分人会遵守那种文化已建立的标准。选项B符合题意。

9.单选题

Theeconomygrewatitsfastestratesince1980thankstoa(n)（

）inworldtrade.

问题1选项

A.inflation

B.stimulus

C.bulge

D.boom

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。inflation“膨胀；通货膨胀”；stimulus“刺激；激励”；bulge“膨胀；凸出部分”；boom“繁荣”。句意：由于世界贸易的繁荣，经济自1980年以来以最快的速度增长。选项D符合题意。

10.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.

Handinhandwiththerecentspectacularadvancesinradiotechnology,therehasbeenadramaticincreaseinthescientificandpublicrespectabilityoftheentiresubjectofextraterrestriallife.AclearsignofthenewattitudeistheVikingmissionstoMarswhicharetoasignificantextentdedicatedtothesearchforlifeonanotherplanet.Butalongwiththeburgeoningdedicationtoaserioussearch,aslightlynegativenotehasemergedwhichisneverthelessveryinteresting.Afewscientistshavelatelyaskedacuriousquestion:ifextraterrestrialintelligenceisabundantwhyhavewenotalreadyseenitsmanifestations?Thinkoftheadvancesbyourowntechnologicalcivilizationinthepasttenthousandyearsandimaginesuchadvancescontinuedovermillionsorbillionsofyearsmore.Ifonlyatinyfractionofadvancedcivilizationsaremillionsorbillionsofyearsmoreadvancedthanours,whyhavetheynotproducedartifactsdevicesorevenindustrialpollutionofsuchmagnitudethatwewouldhavedetectedit?

【答案】随着无线电技术的突飞猛进，科学界和公众对外太空生物这一个课题的认识有了极大的提高。这种新态度明显的标志事件就是向火星发射“海盗”号火星探测器。这些发射在很大程度上是致力于去寻找其他星球上的生物。但是随着对这项研究的不断投入，出现了一些带否定意味但是很有趣的声音。近来少数科学家提出了一个奇怪的疑问：如果外太空生物多的话为什么我们没有看到任何相关迹象？想想我们在过去一万年里科技文明的进步。再设想一下，这些进步将持续数百万甚至十亿年的时间。如果有某个地方的文明比我们的文明先进数百万年或者数十亿年，他们为什么不能生产出一些物件，器械装置和我们本应该检测到的大量的工业污染？

11.单选题

AfterscrutinizingtheSternHitlerDiaries,handwritingexpertsproclaimedthemtobeforgeries.

问题1选项

A.examining

B.judging

C.protracting

D.detecting

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过……《希特勒日记》，字迹专家宣布这些日记是伪造的。examine“（仔细地）检查”；judge“判断”；protract“延长；绘制”；detect“发现，察觉”。字迹专家只有通过认真检查才能知晓这个日记是伪造的，因此可知划线单词scrutinize的意思是“详细检查”，选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Itmustguidepublicopinion,afterpresenting（

）bothsidesofeveryissueandpointingouttoreaderswhatmeasuresseemtopromisethegreatergoodforthegreaternumber.

问题1选项

A.inquisitively

B.inconceivably

C.appallingly

D.impartially

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析题。inquisitively“好问地，过分好奇地”；inconceivably“不可思议地”；appallingly“使人惊骇地”；impartially“公正地”。句意：公平地展现每个问题的两面并向读者指出什么样的方式能够保证绝大部分人的利益，这样就肯定能引导公众舆论。选项D符合题意。

13.单选题

Thechiefeditorthoughthetooksomelibertieswiththeoriginalintranslation.Soitwasnecessarythathemakethe（

）suggested.

问题1选项

A.alterations

B.alternatives

C.alternations

D.altercations

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。alteration“修改；改变；变更”；alternative“二中择一”；alternation“交替，轮流”；altercation“争吵，吵架”。句意：主编认为他的译文对原文做了些改动。所以他有必要针对这些建议进行修改。选项A符合题意。

14.单选题

Policebelievethatmanyburglarsareamateurswhowouldfleeifanalarmsoundedorlights（

）.

问题1选项

A.cameout

B.cameon

C.cameto

D.camedown

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。comeout“出现；出版；结果是”；comeon“快点；开始”；cometo“想起；共计”；comedown“下来；降落；流传下来”。句意：警察认为很多盗贼是新手，如果他们听到警报或者看到灯光就会逃跑。选项A符合题意。

15.单选题

His（

）andunwillingnesstolearnfromotherspreventhimfrombeinganeffectivememberoftheteam.

问题1选项

A.arrogance

B.dignity

C.humility

D.solitude

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。arrogance“自负；傲慢态度”；dignity“尊严；高贵”；humility“谦卑；谦逊”；solitude“孤独；隐居；荒僻的地方”。句意：他很傲慢，并且不愿意向他人学习，这使得他无法成为团队中的一员。选项A符合题意。

16.单选题

Intheory,governmentsarefreetosettheirowneconomicpolicies;inpractice,theymustconformtoaglobaleconomicmodelorriskbeing（

）bythemarket.

问题1选项

A.replaced

B.overlooked

C.saturated

D.penalized

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。replace“代替；更换”；overlook“忽略；俯瞰；远眺；检查”；saturate“使湿透；使饱和”；penalize“惩罚”。句意：理论上，政府有制定经济政策的自由；实际上，他们必须遵守国际经济模式或冒险被市场惩罚。选项D符合题意。

17.单选题

Scientificintegrityisasmuchamatterofself-interestasitisof（

）.

问题1选项

A.self-esteem

B.self-deceiving

C.selfishness

D.self-improvement

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。self-esteem“自尊；自负；自大”；self-deceiving“自欺的”；selfishness“自私自利”；self-improvement“自我改善；自我修养”。句意：科学诚信有关尊严，更是与自身利益有关的事情。选项A符合题意。

18.单选题

Much（

）Ihavetraveled,Ihaveneverseenanyonetoequalherinthoroughness,whateverthejob.

问题1选项

A.when

B.more

C.farther

D.as

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒装结构。这是由as引导的让步状语从句结构，需要倒装，但不是主谓倒装而是将被强调的内容放在句首，选项D符合题意。

19.单选题

Thecheerful,livelymelodyofdancemusic（

）almostallthewearysoldiers.

问题1选项

A.drained

B.diverted

C.renewed

D.revived

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。drain“喝光，排水，流干”；divert“转移；使……转向”；renew“使更新；续借”；revive“使复兴；使苏醒”。句意：这支充满活力的欢快舞曲使那位筋疲力尽的士兵振奋起来。选项D符合题意。

20.单选题

TherearetwocolumnsmarkedAandBbelow.10setwordsarelistedincolumnAwiththedefinitionsprovidedincolumnB.StudythephrasesincolumnAcarefullyandmatcheachwordwiththecorrectdefinitionincolumnB.

ColumnA

1.vitality

2.prompting

3.instantaneous

4.dynamic

5.prudent

6.original

7.feverish

8.facilitate

9.likewise

10.sponsor

ColumnB

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题1选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题2选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题3选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题4选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题5选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题6选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题7选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题8选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题9选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题10选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:G

第3题:E

第4题:B

第5题:J

第6题:H

第7题:A

第8题:F

第9题:D

第10题:I

【解析】第1题:vitality“生命力，活力，热情”。

第2题:prompting“促进，鼓舞”。

第3题:instantaneous“即刻的，立刻的”。

第4题:dynamic“动力”，名词；“精力充沛的”，形容词。

第5题:prudent“谨慎的”。

第6题:original“最初的，独创的”。

第7题:feverish“发热的；极度兴奋的”。

第8题:facilitate“促进”。

第9题:likewise“同样地”。

第10题:sponsor“主办者，保证人”。

21.单选题

Theyoungmanhas（

）someingeniousschemestomakegoodprofitsforthecompany.

问题1选项

A.comeout

B.comeupwith

C.comeupto

D.comeup

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。comeout“出现，出版”；comeupwith“提出，想出”；comeupto“达到，等于”；comeup“走进，发生”。句意：这个年轻人想出了一些有创意的计划来使公司获利。选项B符合题意。

22.单选题

Withhisbrowsknitted,thedoctorcontemplatedthedifficultoperationhehadtoperform.

问题1选项

A.ucceededin

B.ecidedagainst

C.wentonwith

D.thoughtdeeplyabout

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生皱着眉头，……那个他要做的手术。succeedin“在……方面取得成功”；decideagainst“决定不”；goonwith“继续”；thinkdeeplyabout“深思”。根据“withhisbrowsknitted”可知医生正在思考，因此划线单词的意思是“沉思”，选项D符合题意。

23.单选题

Withherlastchildhavinglefthome,shefelta（

）needtofillhertime.

问题1选项

A.tense

B.thorough

C.pressing

D.small

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。tense“紧张的”；thorough“彻底的；十分的”；pressing“紧迫的；迫切的"；small“小的；少的；微弱的”。句意：随着最后一个小孩离家，她迫切需要填满她的时间。选项C符合题意。

24.单选题

Intheaccidentthreemenweretrappedinasubmergedvehicle,andtheironlyhopewasanothermanwhoselegswerebroken.

问题1选项

A.wrecked

B.burnt

C.overturned

D.sunk

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这次事故中，三个人被困在一辆被水淹没的汽车中，而另外一位腿受伤的男性是他们唯一的希望。wrecked“失事的，遇难的”；burnt“烧焦的”；overturned“倾覆的”；sunk“下沉的”。划线单词submerge的意思是“水下的”，因此选项D符合题意。

25.单选题

Asageneralrule,Dadisgenerous,butasamerchant,heusuallydrivesahard（

）.

问题1选项

A.bargain

B.deal

C.transaction

D.negotiation

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。driveahardbargain“讨价还价”。句意：一般来说，父亲是慷慨的，但是作为一个商人，他通常会讨价还价。选项A符合题意。

26.单选题

Theword“foolish”istoomildtodescribeyourbehavior,Iwouldprefertheword“（

）".

问题1选项

A.ideological

B.idyllic

C.idiotic

D.idiomatic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。ideological“思想的；意识形态的”；idyllic“安恬的；田园诗般的”；idiotic“白痴的；愚蠢的”；idiomatic“惯用的；符合语言习惯的”。句意：“愚蠢”这个词用来描述你的行为太温和了，我更喜欢用“白痴的”这个单词。选项C符合题意。

27.单选题

Sinceourresearchsofarhasnotproducedanyanswerstothisproblem,weneedtoadoptadifferent（

）toit.

问题1选项

A.method

B.manner

C.style

D.approach

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。method“方法，办法”,后+of；manner“方式，态度”，后+of；style“风格，方式”，后+of；approach“方法，途径”，后+to。句意：既然我们目前的研究没有得出任何解决这个问题的答案，我们需要换一种方式了。选项D符合题意。

28.单选题

Basedonthe（

）thateverybusinessisnowfreetoformulateitsownstrategyinlightofthechangingmarket,IwouldpredictamarketimprovementintheefficiencyofChinaseconomy.

问题1选项

A.guidance

B.instruction

C.premise

D.eminence

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。guidance“指导”；instruction“指令，指示”；premise“前提”；eminence“卓越，著名”。句意：基于任何企业都可以根据市场变化自由确定发展战略这一点，我估计中国经济市场的效率会提高。选项C符合题意。

29.单选题

Theorganizationhadbrokennorules,but（

）haditactedresponsibly.

问题1选项

A.neither

B.so

C.either

D.both

【答案】A

【解析】考查连词。本句式由连词but连接的并列句结构，前面是否定结构，后面应该与其一致，因此选项A符合题意。

30.单选题

（

）eatriceratherthanpotatoes.

问题1选项

A.Mostofpeople

B.Mostofthepeople

C.Themostofpeople

D.Themostpeople

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。most后面可以直接跟可数或者不可数名词，意思是“大多数”；mostof后面接有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词所修饰的名词，表示“特定范围中的大多数”；themost后面通常跟形容词，表示最高级。因此选项B符合题意。

31.单选题

Thestudentsareallfrom（

）countries,suchasSingapore,India,KoreanandJapan.

问题1选项

A.developing

B.oriental

C.island

D.Christian

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。developing“发展中的”；oriental“东方的；东方人的”；island“岛的”；Christian“基督教的；信基督教的”。句意：这些学生都来自东方国家，比如新加坡、印度、韩国、还有日本。选项B符合题意。

32.单选题

Heavyrainswerecausinginundationandmuchdamagethroughoutthecounty.

问题1选项

A.muchinconvenience

B.seriousconcern

C.overflowofwater

D.humanmisery

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：暴雨引起了……并给整个国家带来的很大的损害。muchinconvenience“极大的不便”；seriousconcern“深切关注”；overflowofwater“溢出的水”；humanmisery“人类的苦难”。根据“heavyrains”可推测出划线单词的意思是“洪水”，选项C符合题意。

33.单选题

IthasbeenannouncedthatphysicistsfromdifferentcountrieswillgatherinNewYorkfora（

）nextmonth.

问题1选项

A.symphony

B.symposium

C.symptom

D.symmetry

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近词词义辨析。symphony“交响乐；和声”；symposium“讨论会”；symptom“症状；征兆”；symmetry“对称（性）；整齐”。句意：据称下个月来自不同国家的物理学家们将聚在纽约参加一个讨论会。选项B符合题意。

34.单选题

Themostusefulwayoflookingatamapisnotasapieceofpaper,butasarecordof（

）.

问题1选项

A.organizedgeographicalinformation

B.geographicalorganizedinformation

C.geographicallyorganizedinformation

D.organizedgeographicallyinformation

【答案】C

【解析】考查修饰关系。Organized是作定语修饰information,geographically修饰organized，选项C符合题意。

35.单选题

Thebookshiftedheroutlookfromsocialtospiritual,foritsthemewasthatbeforeyouchangeotherpeopleyouhavetochangeyourself.

问题1选项

A.viewpoint

B.vocation

C.prospect

D.preference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书将她的……从社会转向精神方面，因为它的主题是在改变他人之前，你必须先改变自己。viewpoint“观点，视角”；vocation“职业”；prospect“前景，期望”；preference“偏爱，倾向”。根据“fromsocialtospiritual”可推测划线单词的意思是“观点”，因此选项A符合题意。

36.单选题

Althoughthecolonists（

）tosomeextentwiththenativeAmericans,theIndiansinfluenceonAmericancultureandlanguagewasnotextensive.

问题1选项

A.migrated

B.matched

C.mingled

D.melted

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。migrate“移居，使移植”；match“匹配”；mingle“混合，交往”；melt“融化”。句意：尽管殖民地居民在很大程度上与当地美国人混杂而居，但是印第安人对美国文化和语言的影响比较少。选项C符合题意。

37.单选题

Becauseofitsexcellenceinquality,forthelasttwoyears,Audicarhas（

）Germany’sTouringCarChampionship.

问题1选项

A.conquered

B.contested

C.dominated

D.determined

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。conquer“战胜；征服”；contest“争辩；争论”；dominate“控制；支配”；determine“确定；判决”。句意：由于质量卓越，因此在过去的两年里，奥迪车已经统治了房车锦标赛。选项C符合题意。

38.单选题

AstherewasnotenoughmoneytoburyalldeadAIDSorphans,23babieswereinterredinamodestcemeteryinSouthAfricabeforeWorldAIDSDay.

问题1选项

A.parentlesschildren

B.miserablevictims

C.contagiousbodies

D.infectiouspatient

【答案】A

【解析】查名词词义辨析。句意：由于没有足够的钱安葬所有患艾滋病去世的……，23名婴儿在世界艾滋病日之前被安葬在南非一个不起眼的墓地里。parentlesschildren“没有父母的孩子”；miserablevictims“可怜的受害者”；contagiousbodies“传染性的身体”；infectiouspatient“传染病患者”。划线单词的意思是“孤儿”，因此选项A符合题意。

39.单选题

Heneverexertshimselftoaidthosetryingto（

）adifficultsituation.

问题1选项

A.rectify

B.modify

C.solidify

D.verify

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。rectify“改正”；modify“修改；更改”;solidify“团结；凝固”；verify“核实；查证”。句意：他从不帮助那些试图矫正困境的人。选项A符合题意。

40.翻译题

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish

科学实验的重要性

现代科学的兴起也许要追溯到罗杰·培根的时代。罗杰·培根是牛津杰出的僧侣和哲学家。他出生于1214年，死于1292年。他可能是中世纪第一个提出我们必须通过对周围事物进行观察和实验来学习科学的人，他自己也有许多卓越的发现。然而，生活在三百多年之后的伽利略（1564-1642），却是好几个伟大人物中最伟大的一个，这些人在意大利、法国、德国和英国开始逐步使人们看到许多重要的真理是可以通过掌握得当的观察去发现的。在伽利略之前，学者们相信大的物体掉到地面比小的物体要快，因为亚里士多德是这样说的。可是伽利略登上比萨斜塔的顶端，让两个体积不相等的铁球同时落地，从而向一些他带去观看实验的朋友们证明，亚里士多德错了。正是伽利略的这种直接到大自然中去通过实验来证明我们的判断和理论的精神，导致了现代科学的伟大发现。

【答案】TheImportanceofScientificExperiments

TheriseofmodernsciencemayperhapsdatebacktothetimeofRogerBacon,theoutstandingmonkandphilosopherofOxford,whowasbornon1241,anddiedon1292.Hewasprobablythemanwhofirstlyproposedthatwemuststudysciencebyobservingandexperimentingonthesurroundingthings,andmademanyremarkablediscoverieshimself.However,Galileo,wholivedmorethan300yearslater,wasthegreatestofseveralgreatmen.Theyshowedpeoplehowmanyimportanttruthscouldbediscoveredbywell-directedobservationinItaly,France,Germany,orEngland.BeforethetimeofGalileo,scholarsbelievedthatlargeobjectsfalltothegroundfasterthansmallones,becauseAristotlesaidso.GoingtothetopoftheLeaningTowerofPisa,Galileoletfalltwounequalironballsatthesametime,andprovedtothosewhomhehadbroughttheretoseehisexperimentthatAristotlewaswrong.ItwasGalileo’sspiritofgoingdirecttoNature,andprovingouropinionsandtheoriesthroughexperiments,thatledtothegreatdiscoveriesofmodernsociety.

41.写作题

Writeashortsummary(about60-80words)ofthefollowingarticle.Thesummaryrestatesthemainideawithoutaddinganycommentsthatexpresspersonalfeelingorresponsestothedetailspresented.Keepinmindthatthepurposeofasummaryofconciserestatementoftheauthor’sideasinyourownwordsistotestyourunderstandingofthearticle.PleasewriteyoursummaryontheAnswerSheet

WhattheU.S.andChineseSchoolSystemsHaveinCommon

02/22/2012BySarahCarr

AmericanswhovisitChineseschoolsquicklyrealizethatmanyofourbeliefsandassumptionsabouteducationholdlittlewaterinChina:IntheUnitedStates,oururbanpublicschoolsperformrelativelypoorly,butinChinatheurbansystemsrateamongthenation’sbest.Hereweoftenregardprivateschoolsasacutabovepublicones(thoughthetruthisfarmurkier),butmostChineseconsiderpublicschoolstobesuperior.Americansviewpubliceducationasacrucialequalizerforademocraticsociety,intheoryatleast---buttheChineseseeitpartlyasameanstosorttheirmassivepopulationinadistinctlyundemocraticfashion.

Despitethesedifferencesofconceit,theAmericanandChineseeducationsystemsshareonecommon,definingcharacteristic:theyarebothplaguedbygrossinequalitiesandrampantsegregation.IntheUnitedStates,theseinjusticesfalllargelyalongracialandclasslines:poor,minoritystudentsaremorelikelytoattendhighlysegregatedschools;theirschoolsaremorelikelytosufferfromalackofresources;andtheirteachersaremorelikelytobeinexperienced.

TheChineseeducationsystem,too,featuresethnicandclassinequities.ButevenmoresothanintheUnitedStates,geographyandbirthplaceequaleducationaldestiny.AsSarahButrymowiczofTheHechingerReportdocumentedinarecentarticle,millionsofschoolchildrenhavemigratedtocitiesinrecentyearswiththeirjob-huntingparents.Oncethere,theyoftenfindthemselvesineligibletoattendgovernment-runschools,particularlythebestones.Anunknownnumberwindupinsub-par,pseudo-privateschoolcateringtothemigrantpopulation.

HenanChang,anassistantprofessorinLoyolaUniversityChicago'sSchoolofEducationwhohasstudiedtheoutcomesofmigrantschoolchildreninKunming,saidmostofthem“havenointeractionwhatsoeverwiththelocalresidents.Theyliveintheirownbubbles.Theirplaymates,theirschoolmates---they'reallmigrantsthemselves.”

ButrymowicznotesthatthesedisparitiestaintedChina'srecentdomineeringperformanceoninternationalassessmentsinreading,mathandsciencebecausemanypublicschoolsdonotadmitmigrantstudents.WhenShanghai15-year-oldsoutperformedtherestoftheworldin2010,observerswonderediftheirsuccessstemmedatleastinpartfromexclusionary,segregationistpractices.AfterItoldafriendofminewhogrewupinChinaabouttheinternationalrankings,hequippedthatpublic-schoolstudentsinShanghaiarecomparabletoprivate-schoolstudentsonManhattan'sUpperEastSideintermsoftheirwealthandprivilege.Shakinghishead,henotedthatnoonewouldtakeDaltonorBrearley—twooftheBigApple'smosteliteprivateschools—asrepresentativeofthewholeUnitedStates.

In2006,IspentseveralweeksinChinarepottingonthecountry’sschools,focusinginparticularontheeducationofmigrantchildrenlivinginBeijing.InAmerica,everyoneaskedmeifChineseschoolshadleftusinthedust,whileinChinaeveryoneaskedmeifAmericanschoolshadlefttheminthedust.AmericansreveredtheChinesemasteryofbasicsubjectssuchasmathandgeography,whiletheChineseextolledtheAmericanemphasisoncreativityandnurturingindividualtalent.

AmericanstalkedaboutthestrikingdisciplineofChinesestudents,whiletheChinesewonderedwhytheyhadnotyetwonmoreNobleprizes.Nobodyineithercountryframedtheirfearsaboutinternationalcompetitivenessintermsofinequality,however.

Bothnationsdowellbytheirmostprivilegedandfortunatestudents.InChina,theyattendwell-resources,state-of-the-artgovernmentschoolsthatemploysomeofthecountry’sbestteachers.InAmerica,theirfamiliespossessthemoneyandfreedomtomovetoregionswherepublicschoolsexcel,ortoenrollinanynumberofwealthyprivateschools.

Foreithercountry,winningtheglobalcompetitionwilldependlessonchangesmadefortheelites---thechildrenofthe1percent.Ultimately,successwilldependontheirleaders’interestandfortitudeinaddressingtheopportunitygapsthatpersistthroughouttheirschools.Whenitcomestoeducation,that’sthesingle,indelibletraitthatbothcountrieshavelongshared.

【答案】【参考范文】

AmericansandChineseholddifferentviewsoneducationsystem.InAmerica,peoplethinkprivateschoolsisthebestchoice,whileChinesehaveadifferentopinion.Despitethedifferences,theAmericanandChineseeducationsystemshavesomethingincommon—unfairofeducation.InAmerica,theseinjusticesisreflectedinracialandclass;inChina,itshowsmoreinregionaldifference.Thehigh-qualityeducationcanonlybenefittheminorityinbothcountries.

Inordertowintheglobalcompetition,theirleadersshouldpaymoreattentiontoclosetheopportunitygaps.

42.单选题

Hisalibiwasfishy,yet（

）toclosescrutiny.

问题1选项

A.stoodstill

B.withstood

C.stoodup

D.stoodoff

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。standstill“站着不动；静止不动”；withstand“抵挡；禁得起；反抗”，及物动词；standupto“经得起”；standoff“疏远；远离；避开”。句意：他的不在场证明很可疑，但仍然需要经得起严格审查。选项C符合题意。

43.单选题

Hopingthathemightbeableto（

）theproblem,IaskedManiotolookattheengine.

问题1选项

A.shedlighton

B.makelightof

C.bringlightto

D.setlightto

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。shedlighton“解释；阐明”；makelightof“轻视；对……不在乎”；bringlightto“为……带来光明”；setlightto“点火；引火烧”。句意：我请马里奥看看这个引擎，希望他可以解决这个问题。选项A符合题意。

44.单选题

Youshouldtreatthoseremarkswiththe（

）thattheydeserve,don’tgivethemasecondthought.

问题1选项

A.negative

B.disgrace

C.contempt

D.sarcasm

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。negative“否定；负数”；disgrace“耻辱；丢脸的人或事”；contempt“轻视；耻辱”；sarcasm“讽刺；挖苦”。句意：你应该以那些评论应得的轻视来对待它们，别再想了。选项C符合题意。

45.单选题

You’refillingouttheapplicationformforapositionyoureallyneed;let’sassumeyouonceactuallycompletedacoupleofyearsofcollegeworkoreventhatyoucompletedyourdegree.Isn’tittemptingtoliejustalittle,toclaimontheformthatyourdiplomarepresentsaHarvarddegree?OrthatyoufinishedanextracoupleofyearsbackatStateUniversity?

Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoutterdeceptionlikethistolandtheirjobortomoveaheadintheir