初中英语语法-代词课件

1、代词Pronouns代词概述:代词就是指可以代替名词的词 ,可分为以下几种名称代 词人称代词主格代词I, you, he, she, it, we, you ,they宾格代词me , you, him, her, it, us, you, them物主代词形容词性 my, your, his ,her, its, ours, your, they 名词性mine, yours ,his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs反身代词myself, yourself ,himself ,herself, itself, ourselves, yourself ,them

2、selves 指示代词this, that, these, those疑问代词who, whom, whose, what, which不定代词some, any， many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either 相互代词each other/one another关系代词who, whose, whom, that, which.一.人称代词第一人称第二人称第三人称 人称格数单数复数 主格宾格主格 宾格Iyouhesheitmeyou him her itweyoutheyusyouthem第一人

3、称单数代词 I （我）无论在什么地方出现都要大写。人称代词作主语时要用其主格 They are nurses. She is a barber.动词后用宾格：I help him and he helps me 介词后用宾格：Jim takes good care of me注意：1. Who broke the window? Not _. A. I B. he C. her2. Miss Li invited _ have dinner with her . A. me and you B. you and I C. you and me3. Who taught _ English la

4、st term? A. them B. their C. they4.Miss Zhang teaches _ math. A. we B. us C. our D. ours5. _ like playing soccer with _. A. Them , me B. They, I C. They , me D. Them,I6. Tom is a new student. _ knew none of _. A. He, us B.He , we C. Him , us D. His, we7. You can sit between_. A. he and I B. him and

5、me C. me and him8. _ all come here early. A. Them B. She C. We D. Us3、it 的特殊用法: it 可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人. who is the person over there? It is the headmaster. It 也可用来表示天气、时间、距离等。天气： How cold it is today! 时间： Its about eight oclock. 距离： Its 200 kilometers from here.一.人称代词 固定句型1. 做某事情对某人来说是 It is + adj. (+

6、for sb.) +to do sth. 2. 轮到某人做 Its ones turn to do sth. 3. 是（某人）做某事的时候了 Its time (for sb.) to do sth.4. 据说 Its said that I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study . A. its B. it C. that2. It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet . A. go B. to go C. going 形容词性和名词性物主代词虽都译成“的”，但形容词性物主代词只能作定

7、语，后边须有名词；而名词性物主代词后边不可再加名词，它在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。“名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词”。 This is my book = This book is mine That is your pen , mine is in my bag.This is Lucys coat，yours is different from hersyour coat物主代词用法：her coatmy bookmy pen注意：物主代词前不能有this, that，some, a, an，the等词修饰。如不能说the my right hand。1. She is a frien

8、d of _. A. my B. mine C. I2. This isnt my pen ,it is _. A. her B. his C. him3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _? A. her , mine , her B. / , yours , he C. his , yours , him4. _ school is much bigger than _. A. Our , their B. Ours , theirs C. Our , theirs5. The dog is so poor because

9、 _ leg is badly hurt . A. it B. its C. its6.She is _ English teacher . She teaches _ well. A. our, ours B. our , us C. their , they7. Is this _ sister ? No, She is _ sister. A. your , his B. your, mine C. his , mine8. Must _ go to _ office now ? A. we , his B. he , you C. they, yours9. You must brin

10、g _notebook to the school. A. you B. your C.yours10. The red bag is _ ._ is white. A. his , Mine B. him, My C. mine ,Him 2. 反身代词常见固定搭配 过得愉快自学 请随便吃 自言自语 独自 为自己 不要客气 陶醉沉浸于 自己穿衣服 照顾自己 enjoy oneself teach oneself. help oneself to sth. say to oneself all by oneself/ by oneself for oneself make oneself at

11、 home lose oneself in dress oneself look after oneselfThe man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things . A. he B. his C. himself2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it? - I made it by _. A. me B. myself C. itself3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests. A. yourself B. yourselve

12、s C. your指示代词用法：1.this和these用于指距离较近的事物或人，that和those用于指较远的事物或人。如：This picture is clear and that picture is not clear. 2. that(those)可以代替前面提到的名词，以免重复，this(these)不能。如：The population of China is larger than that of India.Some TV sets made in China are just as good as those made in Japan.3.打电话时用that问对方是谁

13、，用this做自我介绍。如：This is Mary speaking.Whos that?1. -Look, who is coming?-_ must be our English teacher.A. She B. He C. It D. This 2. I found _ not easy to get on with him. A. that B. it C. this D. one3. The population of China is much larger than _ of China. A. it B. that C. one D. this4. I found _ im

14、portant to read English in the morning. A. it B. that C. which D. its五.不定代词1.常见的不定代词有：some , any , one, each , every , no , none , all , both ,either , neither , many , much , a few , a little , other , another ,the other 等。2.形容词修饰something , anything , nothing ,somebody , anybody , nobody, everythi

15、ng, everyone , everybody等不定代词时，放在后面。如：Is there anything important in todays newspaper ? There is nothing wrong with your bike.1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A. important something B. anything important C. something important 2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C. N

16、obody3. Would you like _? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything else常见不定代词的用法只修饰可数名词只修饰不可数名词修饰可数名词、不可数名词many, a number ofthe number ofmucha lot of = lots ofplenty offew, a fewlittle, a littlesome, any修饰可数名词和不可数名词的单词或短语 few / a few little / a little 1、2、当前面由only 修饰，常

17、用 a few 或a little .3、a little 可表示“有点，稍微”相当于a bit，a little bit，kind of肯定否定可数a fewfew不可数a littlelittleAlthough all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam. A. few B. a few C. a little2. Dont worry .There is _ time left . A. little B. a little C. few3. You are so great! _ people in the s

18、chool can do it . A. A little B. Little C. Few.it指上文提到过的事物。.one泛指上文提及的同类事物(可数名词)中的一个,复数ones,一般前边有the，this，that修饰。.that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复。可代替可数或不可数名词，复数those，一般有后置修饰语.(1)I have many books. Which_ do you like?(2)The book is mine. _ is very interesting.(3)The weather in Beijing is much colder than

19、_ in Hainan.oneItthat one it that The box is in the middle of the room. Move _ away. A. it B. one C. / I have lost my pen. I have to buy _. A. one B. it C. / How nice your bag is! I want to buy _. A. it B. one C. /each everyeach (常与of连用)every两者或以上的每一个人或物三者或以上每一个人或物 every other 每隔（ any other 任何一个）eve

20、ry other day 每隔一天 = every two days I gave them _ an apple. A. every B. each C. each of There is a line of trees on _ side of the street. Aevery Beach Cboth She goes shopping _ five days. A. every B. each C. each of 他隔天来这里。 He came here _ day.every othernone no onenoneno one没有什么人 / 物“没有人” 只能指人回答 how

21、many 问句回答who问句none of + 复数名词 / them 谓语用单数 How many people are there in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. Lucy Who is in the room? _. A. None B. No one C. one None of them _ China. A. come from B. is from C. is come fromeither of 两者之一+ 复数名词 / them / us谓单neither of 两者都不谓单both of 两者都谓复_ of the girls _

22、him. They asked him for name card. A. Neither; know B. Either; know C. Neither; knows Both of his parents _ teachers. A. is B. are C. was Both of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _ a doctor. A. works; is B. work; is C. work; areeither neither botheither neither both Either Tom or

23、 the twins _ the way to the shop. A. know B. knows C. finds Neither you nor I _ a scientist. A. is B. are C. am Both Tom and Mary _ hard. A. studies B. study C. studyingeither or 或者或者就近原则neither nor 两者都不both and 两者都复数谓语 The students are all from Foshan . They _ like their city . A. both B. all C. ei

24、ther Lucy and Lily _ agree with us. A. all B. both C. neither How are your parents ? They are _ fine. A. both B. all C. no I didnt see it, _. A. too B. as well C. either He couldnt open the door. _. A. Neither could I B. So could I C. Neither couldnt I They_ in good health,and they_ there. A. are bo

25、th; will both go B. both are; will go both C. are both; both goeseither否定句末 “也”neither倒装句表否定 neither + 助动词 / be / 情态动词 + 主语both助动词 / be / 情态动词 + both both + 行为动词other the other others the others another Tom and Mary have arrived, but _ in your class arent here yet. A. the others B. others C. the oth

26、er One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and_ white. A. the other Banother C. others This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me _ one.A. other B. others C. another I have two brothers. _ is a doctor, _ is a soldier. A. One, the other B. One, otherC. The one, the ot

27、her - Is this your sock ? - Yes, it is . Where is _? A. another B. the other one C. others We got home by 4 oclock ,but _ didnt get back until 8 oclock. A. the other B. others C. the others 六.相互代词1相互代词是表示相互关系的代词，在句中常作宾语，只有两个：one another 和each other，译作“相互，彼此”。两者用法基本相同，但在表示两人间的相互关系时，更多用each other。如：Pe

28、ople can use ICQ to talk with each other by computers.2相互代词的所有格形式为：each others 和one anothers。They put small presents in each others stockings.Exercise1.Mary, help to the bananas, please. A you B your C yourself D yourselves2. Can you speak English? Yes, but only. A few B a few C little D a little3.Ive just bought fi